Method, apparatus and system for detecting liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of detection method, device and system of liquid distribution characteristics in porous filter medium, and the detection method of liquid distribution characteristics in porous filter medium includes the following steps: using light curing agent to simulate the working condition of liquid filtration of porous filter medium;In the preset time period when the liquid distribution state in light curing agent needs to be observed, the liquid in the porous filter medium is solidified by using ultraviolet light illumination;The porous filter medium is sliced and sampled to form a sample to be observed;The front, back and / or section of the sample are observed;The distribution characteristics of the liquid in the porous filter medium are obtained.The application solves the technical problem of distorted detection results of liquid distribution characteristics in porous filter medium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas-liquid filtration technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and system for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium. Background Technology

[0002] In the existing energy structure, natural gas, as a primary energy source, has advantages such as high calorific value, low carbon content, and cleanliness, making it one of the most promising energy sources. However, natural gas suffers from uneven resource distribution, making pipeline transportation the most efficient and economical method. However, due to the condensate nature of natural gas fields, condensate gas condenses into tiny droplets during transportation, which can affect pipelines, compressors, and sealing systems. Furthermore, during pipeline transportation, moving parts require lubrication to reduce friction and accelerate heat dissipation, inevitably generating a large amount of droplets and oil mist, leading to serious problems such as pipeline corrosion, equipment wear, and sealing system failure. Therefore, measures are needed to filter the liquid in natural gas (of course, this gas-liquid filtration can also be applied to various fields such as medicine, metallurgy, and aerospace).

[0003] Currently, coalescing filters are widely used in engineering to remove liquid impurities. The core component of a coalescing filter is a porous filter medium, which is mainly a fiber filter material (i.e., fiber filter media), and may also be a granular packing layer, polymer membrane material, etc. During filtration, droplets adhere to the porous filter medium under the action of adhesive forces. These small droplets gradually coalesce into larger droplets and even form a liquid film. The large amount of liquid film formed will block the pores of the porous filter medium, further increasing the resistance of the porous filter medium. Ultimately, this leads to increased energy loss when the airflow passes through the porous filter medium. In actual operation, the compressor needs to output more power to complete the delivery of natural gas. In addition, this phenomenon will also reduce the effective internal surface area of ​​the porous filter medium for capturing droplets, resulting in a decrease in filtration efficiency. In actual engineering compressor stations, filter elements (such as filter cartridges) whose efficiency drops to a specified threshold need to be replaced, and their actual service life will be significantly shortened. Therefore, in order to change the adhesion state of liquid on the surface and inside of porous filter media, relevant personnel have conducted a large number of experiments by modifying the surface of porous filter media and adjusting the internal pore structure. However, most of the above experiments are in the stage of blind exploration, mainly because there is a lack of relevant technology to accurately obtain the internal and surface liquid state of the original material or various improved materials, and even more so a lack of systematic transport principles of liquid inside the filter material. As a result, although a lot of work has been done on the above experiments, the improvement effect on the filter material is very limited.

[0004] Currently, the experimental method used by relevant personnel is the interrupted airflow method, the specific operation of which is as follows: The modified filter media is placed in a filtration performance testing device. Liquid is atomized upstream of the filter media to generate an aerosol, and air is extracted downstream using a vacuum device to ensure the aerosol is evenly transported to the filter media, gradually wetting the entire filter media. After reaching the preset observation state, the airflow is interrupted, and the filter media containing liquid is removed to observe the distribution of liquid on the filter media. However, this interrupted airflow method has the following problems:

[0005] 1. The actual liquid distribution inside the filter media is in a dynamic equilibrium state under the action of forces such as airflow drag, liquid surface tension, and gravity. When the airflow is stopped and the filter media is removed, the liquid has returned to a static equilibrium state, and its distribution state inside the filter media will change.

[0006] 2. When observing the liquid inside the filter media through microscopic observation, the filter media needs to be cut. Under the action of shearing force, the liquid will flow, which will further disrupt the distribution of the liquid inside the filter media.

[0007] Third, to observe the distribution of liquid inside the filter material under a scanning electron microscope, it is necessary to first create a negative pressure state and spray a conductive metal. However, during the vacuuming process, the liquid will be drawn out of the filter material, which will disrupt the distribution of liquid inside the filter material again.

[0008] Fourth, to observe the distribution of liquid inside the filter media under a scanning electron microscope, it is necessary to bombard the filter media and the liquid with a high-energy electron beam. During this process, the liquid in the filter media will continue to flow, making it difficult to observe the distribution of liquid inside the filter media.

[0009] Due to the aforementioned problems, traditional methods yield almost identical microscopic images under different conditions, making them unsuitable for studying the microstructure within porous filter media. Therefore, the interrupted airflow method cannot be combined with microscopic techniques to investigate the filtration mechanisms of porous media at the microscopic level, thus hindering further optimization of filter material performance.

[0010] There is currently no effective solution to the problem of distorted detection results of liquid distribution characteristics within porous filter media in related technologies.

[0011] Therefore, based on years of experience and practice in related industries, the inventor proposes a method, device and system for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics in porous filter media to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, device, and system for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium. This method can preserve the liquid distribution in a dynamic equilibrium state as a solid, preventing external interference from subsequent conditions such as stopped airflow, shearing, and vacuuming. It solves problems such as distorted detection results, the need for immediate observation after sample cutting, and the inability to repeatedly observe samples. This invention achieves the permanent preservation of the online state of the liquid distribution in the filter material, ensuring accurate and reliable detection at any point in time using an offline method.

[0013] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following methods:

[0014] This invention provides a method for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium, comprising the following steps:

[0015] A photocuring agent was used to simulate the working conditions of the porous filter medium filtering liquid;

[0016] Within a preset time period during which the liquid distribution within the photocuring agent needs to be observed, the liquid within the porous filter medium is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation.

[0017] The porous filter medium is sliced ​​and sampled to form a sample to be observed;

[0018] Observe the front, back and / or cross-section of the sample;

[0019] The distribution characteristics of the liquid within the porous filter medium are obtained.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before using the photocuring agent to simulate the working conditions of the porous filter medium filtering the liquid, a corresponding photocuring agent is selected according to the working conditions of the porous filter medium to be simulated, and the fogging volume concentration of the photocuring agent is adjusted to a preset fogging volume concentration.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photocuring agent simultaneously satisfies the following conditions:

[0022] The surface tension of the photocuring agent is the same as or close to the surface tension of the simulated liquid;

[0023] The viscosity of the photocuring agent is the same as or close to the viscosity of the simulated liquid;

[0024] In the cured state, ultraviolet light can pass through the photocuring agent.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photocuring agent includes: a free radical type photocuring agent, a free radical-cationic dual curing agent, or a cationic photocuring agent.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ultraviolet light simultaneously satisfies the following conditions:

[0027] The peak value of the ultraviolet light is the same as the absorption peak value of the ultraviolet light by the photocuring agent;

[0028] The total light power of the ultraviolet light is preset so that the curing time of the photocuring agent is less than the preset time.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the total energy required to cure the photocuring agent within the porous filter medium satisfies the following formula:

[0030] E(d) = 755d 3 +842d 2 -588d+96

[0031] Where d is the thickness of the porous filter medium.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the porous filter medium is disposed within a pipe structure, and ultraviolet lamps are respectively provided inside the pipe structure and upstream, downstream and / or outside the porous filter medium to emit ultraviolet light. The actual output power of the ultraviolet lamps satisfies the following formula:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] Where c is the actual aerosol concentration; P up The rated power of the ultraviolet lamp located inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; P down The rated power of the ultraviolet lamp located inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; P out P1 is the rated power of the ultraviolet lamp outside the pipe structure; P2 is the actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and located upstream of the porous filter medium; P3 is the actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and located downstream of the porous filter medium; P4 is the actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp outside the pipe structure.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the actual energy of the ultraviolet light reaching the surface of the porous filter medium and the irradiation time of the ultraviolet light satisfy the following formula:

[0038] E 总 =E1+E2+E3;

[0039]

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Where, c is the actual aerosol concentration; α is the attenuation coefficient of ultraviolet light at a concentration of c0 in the aerosol medium (i.e., the photocuring agent in atomized state); c0 is the set aerosol concentration; η is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet lamp, η1, η2, and η3 are the photoelectric conversion efficiencies corresponding to different ultraviolet lamps; E1 is the total energy radiated to the porous filter medium by the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and located upstream of the porous filter medium; E2 is the total energy radiated to the porous filter medium by the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and located downstream of the porous filter medium; E3 is the total energy radiated to the porous filter medium by the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and located downstream of the porous filter medium; E3 is the total energy radiated to the porous filter medium by the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and located downstream of the porous filter medium. The total energy radiated by the external ultraviolet lamps to the porous filter medium; t1 is the irradiation duration of the ultraviolet lamps inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; t2 is the irradiation duration of the ultraviolet lamps inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; t3 is the irradiation duration of the ultraviolet lamps outside the pipe structure; n1 is the number of ultraviolet lamps inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; n2 is the number of ultraviolet lamps inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; n3 is the number of ultraviolet lamps outside the pipe structure.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp and the total energy required to cure the photocuring agent in the porous filter medium satisfy the following formula:

[0044]

[0045] Wherein, α is the attenuation coefficient of ultraviolet light at a concentration of c0 in the aerosol medium (i.e., the photocuring agent in atomized state); c0 is the aerosol concentration; η is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet lamp; P1 is the actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; P2 is the actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; P3 is the actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp outside the pipe structure; and E(d) is the total energy required to cure the photocuring agent in the porous filter medium.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cooling water pump is provided inside the pipe structure. The speed of the cooling water pump is between 2500 rpm and 5500 rpm, and the speed of the cooling water pump satisfies the following formula:

[0047]

[0048] Where r is the rotational speed of the cooling water pump; and T is the maximum temperature value inside the pipe structure.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the light-curing agent is used to simulate the filtration of liquid by the porous filter medium, a camera is used to collect the liquid discharge status of the drain surface of the porous filter medium in real time.

[0050] This invention provides a device for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium. This device is applicable to the aforementioned method for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium. The device includes a pipe structure, comprising at least a first clamping tube and a second clamping tube detachably connected to the first clamping tube. A supporting boss is formed inside the first clamping tube. The porous filter medium is clamped between the supporting boss and the second clamping tube. A photocurable agent can enter through the second clamping tube and pass through the porous filter medium, and then exit through the first clamping tube.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first clamping tube and the second clamping tube are connected by a first internal thread and a first external thread. In the flow direction of the photocuring agent, the support boss is located downstream of the first internal thread, so that the porous filter medium is clamped between the support boss and the end of the second clamping tube.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first clamping tube has at least a drain hole and a pressure balance hole that communicate with the interior of the first clamping tube, and the drain hole and the pressure balance hole are connected to a drain tank.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the flow direction of the photocuring agent, both the drain hole and the pressure balance hole are located downstream of the support boss, and a guide slope inclined towards the drain hole is formed between the support boss and the drain hole.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium includes a built-in ultraviolet lamp located inside the pipe structure and an external ultraviolet lamp located outside the pipe structure. The number of built-in ultraviolet lamps is two sets, and the two sets of built-in ultraviolet lamps are respectively located upstream and downstream of the porous filter medium. The external ultraviolet lamp is located upstream of the porous filter medium.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pipeline structure further includes a radiator for dissipating heat from the built-in ultraviolet lamp. The radiator is annular and is disposed circumferentially inside the pipeline structure. A cooling cavity is formed inside the radiator along its circumferential direction. The radiator has a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet communicating with the cooling cavity. The coolant inlet and coolant outlet are respectively connected to a water tank. The side of the radiator facing the porous filter medium has an annular mounting slope that gradually slopes from near the axis to away from the axis towards the porous filter medium. Multiple mounting grooves are spaced apart on the mounting slope.

[0056] The number of built-in ultraviolet lamps is multiple, and each built-in ultraviolet lamp includes a mounting base and at least one lamp bead disposed on the mounting base. The mounting bases of the multiple built-in ultraviolet lamps are snapped into the corresponding mounting slots.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pipe structure further includes at least two connecting sleeves;

[0058] Each of the connecting sleeves includes a sleeve body and a directional tube. The sleeve body has an observation port and a connection port communicating with its interior. The sleeve body is detachably connected to the first clamping tube or the second clamping tube through the connection port. The directional tube is located outside the sleeve body. One end of the directional tube is connected to the interior of the sleeve body, and the other end of the directional tube is a photocurable inlet and extends away from the connection port, so that the photocurable entering the directional tube has an initial flow velocity toward the connection port.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a wiring groove is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve body, and a through hole communicating with the wiring groove is provided on the sleeve body.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle between the axis of the sleeve body and the axis of the steering tube near the sleeve body is 30°.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, along the axial direction of the sleeve body, a gap is reserved between the position where the steering tube communicates with the sleeve body and the observation port.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sleeve body is threadedly connected to the first clamping tube or the second clamping tube.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pipe structure further includes at least two light-transmitting sheets and at least two mounting members. The two mounting members are detachably connected to the observation ports of the corresponding sleeve bodies. The light-transmitting sheets are sandwiched between the mounting members and the observation ports. The mounting members have optical windows to form an observation channel between the optical windows, the observation ports, and the interior of the sleeve bodies.

[0064] This invention provides a detection system for liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium. The detection system includes a control unit, an atomizing unit, an air extraction unit, and the aforementioned detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium. The atomizing unit and the air extraction unit are respectively located upstream and downstream of the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium. The control unit is connected to the atomizing unit, the air extraction unit, and the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the atomization unit includes a mixing chamber and a photocurable input pipeline connected to the mixing chamber. The photocurable input pipeline is provided with an atomizer and a flow controller to atomize the photocurable and control the concentration of the photocurable after atomization.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection system for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium further includes a flow monitoring unit, which is disposed downstream of the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium and is connected to the control unit.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection system for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium further includes an image acquisition unit, which is located downstream of the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium. The image acquisition unit is connected to the control unit to acquire images of the drainage surface of the porous filter medium in real time.

[0068] Based on the above, the characteristics and advantages of the method, apparatus, and system for detecting liquid distribution features within porous filter media of the present invention are as follows:

[0069] This invention uses a photocurable agent to simulate the filtration of liquids using a porous filter medium. Within a preset time period for observing the liquid distribution within the photocurable agent, ultraviolet light is used to solidify the liquid within the porous filter medium. Based on the principle that the photocurable agent solidifies under ultraviolet light, the liquid distribution in a dynamic equilibrium state can be preserved as a solid. With the photocurable agent in a solidified state within the porous filter medium (this solidified state can be permanently retained), the porous filter medium is sliced ​​and sampled to form the sample to be observed. This ensures that the liquid distribution within the porous filter medium is not affected by external interference such as subsequent airflow cessation, cutting, or vacuuming. This solves problems such as distorted detection results, the need for immediate observation after sample cutting, and the inability to repeatedly observe samples. By observing the front, back, and / or cross-section of the sample, the distribution characteristics of the liquid within the porous filter medium can be directly and accurately obtained. This invention achieves the permanent preservation of the online state of liquid distribution, ensuring accurate and reliable offline detection at any subsequent time point. Attached Figure Description

[0070] The accompanying drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0071] in:

[0072] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts for the detection method of liquid distribution characteristics in porous filter media according to the present invention.

[0073] Figure 2 This is the second flowchart of the method for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium according to the present invention.

[0074] Figure 3 : This is an exploded view of the detection device for the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 4 : This is a perspective view of the first clamping tube in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 5 : This is a left view of the first clamping tube in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics in porous filter media of the present invention.

[0077] Figure 6 :for Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view at position AA.

[0078] Figure 7 :for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at position BB in the middle.

[0079] Figure 8 : This is a perspective view of the second clamping tube in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0080] Figure 9 : This is a front view of the second clamping tube in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0081] Figure 10 :for Figure 9 Cross-sectional view at position CC.

[0082] Figure 11 : This is a perspective view of the radiator in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0083] Figure 12 :for Figure 11 A magnified view of the area at position D.

[0084] Figure 13 : This is a left view of the radiator in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0085] Figure 14 :for Figure 13 Cross-sectional view in the EE direction.

[0086] Figure 15 :for Figure 14 A magnified view of the area at position F.

[0087] Figure 16 :for Figure 14 A magnified view of the area at position G.

[0088] Figure 17 : This is a perspective view of the connecting sleeve in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0089] Figure 18 : This is a front view of the connecting sleeve in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0090] Figure 19 : This is a right view of the connecting sleeve in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0091] Figure 20 :for Figure 19 Cross-sectional view at position HH.

[0092] Figure 21 : This is a perspective view of the mounting components in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0093] Figure 22 : This is a front cross-sectional view of the mounting component in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0094] Figure 23This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection system for liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium according to the present invention.

[0095] Figure 24 : This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the detection system for liquid distribution characteristics within porous filter media according to the present invention.

[0096] Figure 25 : A microscopic view of the inlet surface of an oleophobic porous filter medium in a clean state.

[0097] Figure 26 : A microscopic view of the drain surface of an oleophobic porous filter medium in a clean state.

[0098] Figure 27 : A microscopic view of the liquid inlet surface of an oleophobic porous filter medium detected by the detection method of the present invention for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium.

[0099] Figure 28 : A microscopic view of the liquid inlet surface of an oleophobic porous filter medium that was not detected using the detection method for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0100] Figure 29 : A microscopic view of the liquid discharge surface of an oleophobic porous filter medium detected by the detection method of the present invention for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium.

[0101] Figure 30 : A microscopic view of the liquid discharge surface of an oleophobic porous filter medium that was not detected using the detection method for liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention.

[0102] Figure 31 : A microscopic view of the liquid inlet surface of a porous filter medium detected by the detection method of the present invention for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium without stopping the gas delivery.

[0103] Figure 32 : A microscopic view of the liquid inlet surface of a porous filter medium detected by the detection method of the present invention for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium when the gas supply is stopped.

[0104] Figure 33 : A microscopic view of the liquid discharge surface of a porous filter medium detected by the detection method of the present invention for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium without stopping the gas delivery.

[0105] Figure 34: A microscopic view of the liquid discharge surface of a porous filter medium detected by the detection method of the present invention for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium when the gas supply is stopped.

[0106] Figure 35 :for Figure 33 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0107] Figure 36 :for Figure 34 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0108] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of this invention are:

[0109] 1. First clamping tube; 101. Support boss;

[0110] 102. Drain hole; 103. Pressure balance hole;

[0111] 104. Guide slope; 105. First internal thread;

[0112] 2. Second clamping tube; 201. First external thread;

[0113] 3. Radiator; 301. Cooling cavity;

[0114] 302. Coolant inlet; 303. Coolant outlet;

[0115] 304. Install the slope; 305. Install the groove;

[0116] 4. Connecting sleeve; 401. Sleeve body;

[0117] 4011. Observation port; 4012. Connection port;

[0118] 4013, Cable tray; 4014, Through hole;

[0119] 4015, Positioning groove; 402, Steering pipe;

[0120] 4021. Imported UV curing agent; 5. Installation components;

[0121] 501. Optical window; 6. Light-transmitting sheet;

[0122] 100. A device for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within porous filter media;

[0123] 200. Atomizer; 300. Vacuum unit;

[0124] 400. Control unit; 500. Image acquisition unit;

[0125] 600. Concentration monitor; 700. Flow controller;

[0126] 800. Flow monitoring unit; 900. Differential pressure transmitter;

[0127] 1100, built-in UV lamp; 1200, external UV lamp. Detailed Implementation

[0128] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0129] Implementation Method 1

[0130] Based on the characteristic that certain liquid substances (i.e., photocuring agents) can undergo photochemical reactions to form solid macromolecules under ultraviolet light irradiation of a specific wavelength, this invention provides a method for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics in porous filter media based on ultraviolet light curing technology. By irradiating with ultraviolet light, the photocuring agent in the filter material (i.e., porous filter media) can be solidified into a solid state instantaneously (within 1 second), so that the photocuring agent can be permanently retained in a solid state in the porous filter media, and can be detected offline.

[0131] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a method for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium. This method includes the following steps:

[0132] Step S1: Select the appropriate UV-curing agent according to the operating conditions of the porous filter media to be simulated, and adjust the atomization volume concentration of the UV-curing agent to the preset atomization volume concentration; that is, atomize the UV-curing agent through an atomizer to form an aerosol state, thereby ensuring the realism of the simulation. The preset atomization volume concentration can be set manually and should be the same as the atomization volume concentration of the actual natural gas at the site to be tested.

[0133] To ensure that the UV-curable agent accurately reflects the liquid distribution characteristics of the simulated liquid (i.e., oil) within the porous filter medium after curing, the UV-curable agent must simultaneously meet the following conditions:

[0134] Condition 1: Because surface tension can affect the adhesion of liquids on porous filter media, it is necessary to ensure that the surface tension of the UV curing agent is the same as or close to the surface tension of the simulated liquid; the range of difference between the surface tension of the UV curing agent and the surface tension of the simulated liquid can be adjusted according to the actual test requirements.

[0135] Condition 2: The viscosity of the UV-curing agent is the same as or close to the viscosity of the simulated liquid, ensuring that the viscosity range of the UV-curing agent is less than or equal to the limit range within which the UV-curing agent can be atomized before entering the porous filter medium. The limit range within which the UV-curing agent can be atomized can be adjusted according to the atomization range of the atomizer set upstream of the porous filter medium. The viscosity difference range between the UV-curing agent and the simulated liquid can be adjusted according to actual testing requirements.

[0136] Condition 3: When the photocuring agent is in the cured state, ultraviolet light can pass through the photocuring agent, thus it will not block ultraviolet light from irradiating into the porous filter medium.

[0137] In addition, after the photocuring agent is cured in the porous filter medium, the volume shrinkage rate of the photocuring agent changing from liquid to solid is small, so as to ensure that the porous filter medium will not collapse.

[0138] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the photocuring agent includes at least: a free radical type photocuring agent, a free radical-cationic type dual curing agent, or a cationic photocuring agent. In actual testing, the corresponding photocuring agent can be selected according to the different viscosities of oil under simulated actual engineering background.

[0139] Among them, free radical type photocurable agents (such as methacryloyloxy group) have the characteristic of low viscosity and can be used to simulate oils with a viscosity of less than 120 mPa·s at room temperature of 20℃ (such as silicone oil, white oil, DEHS, anti-wear hydraulic oil of grade 46 and below). The viscosity of the photocurable agent is diluted by adding the corresponding photoinitiator component (such as methacrylic acid), and the surface tension of the photocurable agent is adjusted by adding amphoteric surfactants (such as dodecyl ethoxy betaine) or silane leveling agents (such as BYK-333, TEGO-270).

[0140] Among them, free radical-cationic dual curing agents (such as bisphenol A-epoxy and ethyl acrylate type) have the characteristic of moderate viscosity and can be used to simulate lubricating oil with a viscosity between 120 mPa·s and 250 mPa·s at room temperature of 20°C (such as anti-wear hydraulic oil of grades 46 to 100). Depending on the viscosity of the target oil, if it is necessary to reduce the viscosity, acrylic free radical components can be added, and if it is necessary to increase the viscosity, bisphenol A-epoxy cationic components can be added. Amphoteric surfactants (such as amphoteric polyacrylamide) or silane leveling agents (such as BYK-333 and TEGO-270) are added to adjust the surface tension of the light curing agent.

[0141] Among them, cationic photocurable agents (such as bisphenol A-epoxy) have the characteristic of high viscosity and can be used to simulate high-viscosity lubricating oils (such as No. 150 and No. 220 anti-wear hydraulic oils) with a viscosity between 250 mPa·s and 1000 mPa·s at room temperature of 20°C. Due to the high viscosity of this type of photocurable agent, it is necessary to add ethyl acetate and corresponding active diluents (such as vinyl ethers) as solvents for dilution. Ionic surfactants (such as methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) or silane leveling agents (such as BYK-333 and TEGO-270) are added to adjust the surface tension of the photocurable agent.

[0142] Different photocuring agents were selected based on the different oils to be simulated, solving problems such as the different particle size distributions generated by the atomization of the photocuring agent and the inconsistent adhesion on the filter media surface. This enabled the simulation of oils using photocuring agents, and allowed for the characterization of the liquid distribution characteristics of oils within porous filter media.

[0143] Step S2: Use a light-curing agent to simulate the working conditions of filtering liquids using porous filter media;

[0144] Step S3: Within a preset time period during which the liquid distribution within the photocuring agent needs to be observed, the liquid within the porous filter medium is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation. The photocuring agent is completely cured in the porous filter medium within the preset time, preserving the instantaneous liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium.

[0145] Specifically, the ultraviolet light should simultaneously meet the following conditions: the peak value of the ultraviolet light is the same as the absorption peak value of the photoinitiator in the UV curing agent, thereby ensuring that the UV curing agent can absorb ultraviolet light to the maximum extent and ensure the UV curing effect; the total light power of the UV light is preset (at least 50W) so that the curing time of the UV curing agent is less than the preset time, achieving the maximum curing efficiency. The preset time can be, but is not limited to, 1 second, and the preset total light power of the UV light must ensure that the UV curing agent within the porous filter medium is completely cured.

[0146] During the curing process, it is necessary to ensure good heat dissipation and continuous operation to trigger the photocuring reaction; in addition, the irradiation of ultraviolet light will not affect the flow field of gas and liquid through the porous filter medium.

[0147] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the total energy E(d) required to cure the photocuring agent in the porous filter medium satisfies the following formula with respect to the thickness d of the porous filter medium:

[0148] E(d) = 755d 3 +842d 2 -588d+96

[0149] Where d is the thickness of the porous filter medium.

[0150] Furthermore, a porous filter medium is disposed within a pipe structure, and ultraviolet lamps are respectively installed inside the pipe structure and upstream and downstream of the porous filter medium and / or outside the pipe structure to emit ultraviolet light. The ultraviolet lamps located outside the pipe structure are positioned upstream of the porous filter medium.

[0151] The actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp satisfies the following formula:

[0152]

[0153]

[0154]

[0155] Where c is the actual aerosol concentration; P up The rated power of the ultraviolet lamp located inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; P down The rated power of the UV lamp located inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; P out P1 is the rated power of the UV lamp outside the pipe structure; P2 is the actual output power of the UV lamp inside the pipe structure and located upstream of the porous filter medium; P3 is the actual output power of the UV lamp inside the pipe structure and located downstream of the porous filter medium; P4 is the actual output power of the UV lamp outside the pipe structure.

[0156] Furthermore, the control function f(d) for the external ultraviolet lamp of the pipeline structure is:

[0157]

[0158] Where c is the actual aerosol concentration.

[0159] Furthermore, since ultraviolet light attenuates during propagation in aerosols due to scattering and refraction, the actual energy of ultraviolet light reaching the surface of the porous filter medium and the irradiation time of the ultraviolet light should satisfy the following formula:

[0160] E 总 =E1+E2+E3;

[0161]

[0162]

[0163]

[0164] Where, c is the actual aerosol concentration; α is the attenuation coefficient of ultraviolet light at a concentration of c0 in the aerosol medium (i.e., the photocuring agent in atomized state); c0 is the set aerosol concentration; η is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet lamp, η1, η2, and η3 are the photoelectric conversion efficiencies corresponding to different ultraviolet lamps; E1 is the total energy radiated from the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium to the porous filter medium; E2 is the total energy radiated from the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium to the porous filter medium; E3 is the total energy radiated from the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium to the porous filter medium; The total energy radiated by the ultraviolet lamps outside the pipe structure to the porous filter medium; t1 is the irradiation duration of the ultraviolet lamps inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; t2 is the irradiation duration of the ultraviolet lamps inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; t3 is the irradiation duration of the ultraviolet lamps outside the pipe structure; n1 is the number of ultraviolet lamps inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; n2 is the number of ultraviolet lamps inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; n3 is the number of ultraviolet lamps outside the pipe structure.

[0165] In this invention, the ultraviolet light irradiation time is designed with a margin of 30% more energy than the theoretical energy requirement. The actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp and the total energy required to cure the photocuring agent in the porous filter medium satisfy the following formula:

[0166]

[0167] Where α is the attenuation coefficient of ultraviolet light in the aerosol medium (i.e., the photocuring agent in atomized state) at a concentration of c0, which is 0.82; c0 is the set aerosol concentration (which can be set to, but is not limited to, 200 mg / m³). 3 ); η is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the UV lamp; P1 is the actual output power of the UV lamp inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; P2 is the actual output power of the UV lamp inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; P3 is the actual output power of the UV lamp outside the pipe structure; E(d) is the total energy required to cure the photocuring agent inside the porous filter medium; t1 is the irradiation time of the UV lamp inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; t2 is the irradiation time of the UV lamp inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; t3 is the irradiation time of the UV lamp outside the pipe structure.

[0168] This invention can calculate the theoretical total energy required to cure the photocuring agent based on the thickness of the porous filter medium. Based on the preset total energy required, the actual total energy to be output can be obtained. Then, based on the parameters of the currently used ultraviolet lamp and the real-time monitoring of the aerosol concentration upstream of the porous filter medium, the actual power and irradiation time of the ultraviolet lamp can be controlled to achieve thorough and precise photocuring of the photocuring agent.

[0169] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a cooling water pump is provided inside the pipe structure. The speed of the cooling water pump is 2500 rpm to 5500 rpm, and the speed of the cooling water pump satisfies the following formula:

[0170]

[0171] Where r is the rotational speed of the cooling water pump; T is the maximum temperature value inside the pipe structure (wherein, in this invention, it is the maximum temperature value at the ultraviolet lamp source inside the pipe structure).

[0172] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a high-resolution camera is used to collect real-time images of the liquid discharge state of the porous filter medium (i.e., the downstream surface) under conditions where a photocurable agent is used to simulate the filtration of liquid by a porous filter medium. This allows for analysis of the liquid discharge process from the discharge surface of the porous filter medium. The camera must be directly facing the porous filter medium, and its position must not affect the flow field formed by the airflow. Because the aerosol concentration at the inlet surface of the porous filter medium is high and causes significant obstruction, images are only collected from the discharge surface of the porous filter medium.

[0173] Step S4: Select the area on the porous filter medium where the liquid distribution needs to be detected, and use a low-temperature brittle fracture method to slice and sample the porous filter medium to form a sample to be observed;

[0174] Step S5: Fix the sample to be observed on the stage of the microscope equipment, and spray a metal film onto the sample surface under negative pressure.

[0175] Step S6: Observe the front, back and / or cross-section of the sample;

[0176] Furthermore, microscopic equipment (such as SEM electron microscope) can be used to observe the sample.

[0177] Step S7: Obtain the distribution characteristics of the liquid within the porous filter medium.

[0178] Specifically, for multiple filter media samples, the front, back, and cross-section of each sample need to be scanned and observed using an electron microscope. The cross-section of the filter media reveals the approximate liquid distribution, including flow channels and film thickness within the porous filter medium. The front and back surfaces provide information on the surface characteristics of the liquid film and the morphology and size of the droplets. Furthermore, for two adjacent filter media samples, the liquid transport relationship between them can be detected by examining the back of the preceding sample and the front of the adjacent following sample. To study the complete liquid transport process, repeated measurements can be performed, curing the photocuring agent in the porous filter medium at different wetting stages and then sampling for observation.

[0179] The features and advantages of the method for detecting liquid distribution characteristics within porous filter media of the present invention are as follows:

[0180] The method for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics in porous filter media has the advantage of simulating various complex working conditions. Different light curing agents can be used to simulate different oils, making it more widely applicable and meeting the testing requirements for the distribution of different oils in porous filter media.

[0181] Second, the method for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium has the advantages of maintaining the liquid distribution within the porous filter medium and rapidly completing the photocuring operation within a short time (e.g., within 1 second), resulting in higher accuracy.

[0182] Third, in the method for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium, ultraviolet lamps are installed upstream and downstream of the porous filter medium, respectively. An additional ultraviolet lamp is installed upstream of the porous filter medium where the light intensity is severely attenuated by aerosols and located outside the pipe structure to ensure sufficient ultraviolet light intensity, thereby increasing the curing speed of the photocuring agent and improving the accuracy of the detection.

[0183] Fourth, the method for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium has the advantage of accurately reflecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium after photocuring and permanently preserving them, ensuring that the detection results for the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium will not be distorted.

[0184] Implementation Method 2

[0185] like Figures 3 to 22As shown, the present invention provides a device for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium. This device is applicable to the aforementioned method for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium. The device includes a pipe structure, which includes at least a first clamping tube 1 and a second clamping tube 2 detachably connected to the first clamping tube 1. An annular support boss 101 is formed inside the first clamping tube 1 along its circumference. The porous filter medium is clamped between the support boss 101 and the second clamping tube 2. The photocuring agent can enter through the second clamping tube 2 and pass through the porous filter medium, and be discharged through the first clamping tube 1.

[0186] This invention fixes a porous filter medium inside the first clamping tube 1 and the second clamping tube 2. A photocurable agent can enter through the second clamping tube 2, pass through the porous filter medium, and exit through the first clamping tube 1, thus simulating the working condition of the porous filter medium filtering liquid. During a preset time period for observing the liquid distribution within the photocurable agent, the liquid within the porous filter medium can be solidified by ultraviolet light irradiation. Based on the principle that the photocurable agent solidifies under ultraviolet light irradiation, the distribution of the photocurable agent in the porous filter medium under dynamic equilibrium state can be preserved in solid form. This ensures that the distribution of the photocurable agent within the porous filter medium is not affected by external factors such as subsequent airflow cessation, cutting, or vacuuming. This solves problems such as distorted detection results, the need for immediate observation after sample cutting, and the inability to repeatedly observe samples. By slicing the porous filter medium and observing the front, back, and / or cut surfaces of the sliced ​​sample, the distribution characteristics of the liquid within the porous filter medium can be directly and accurately obtained. This invention achieves the permanent preservation of the online state of liquid distribution, ensuring accurate and reliable offline detection at any subsequent time point.

[0187] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 , Figures 6 to 10As shown, one end of the first clamping tube 1 is provided with a first internal thread 105, and one end of the second clamping tube 2 is provided with a first external thread 201. The first clamping tube 1 and the second clamping tube 2 are connected by the first internal thread 105 and the first external thread 201. In the flow direction of the UV curing agent, the support boss 101 is located downstream of the first internal thread 105, so that the porous filter medium is clamped between the support boss 101 and the end of the second clamping tube 2. Through the threaded connection structure, the distance between the end of the support boss 101 and the second clamping tube 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the thread pitch, thereby fixing and clamping porous filter media of different thicknesses between 0 and 25 mm. Compared with the traditional sealing method of extruding O-rings between two planes, the threaded structure has the advantages of a larger sealing area and better sealing performance; when screwing in the thread, the operation is convenient and labor-saving, ensuring a sealed connection between the first clamping tube 1 and the second clamping tube 2, and the sealing process requires less time.

[0188] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the first clamping tube 1 has at least a drain hole 102 and a pressure balance hole 103 that communicate with the interior of the first clamping tube 1. The drain hole 102 and the pressure balance hole 103 are connected to a drain tank. The drain hole 102 and the pressure balance hole 103 are located on the same circumference of the first clamping tube 1, and the angle between the drain hole 102 and the pressure balance hole 103 in the circumferential direction of the first clamping tube 1 is 60°. The drain hole 102 and the pressure balance hole 103 are respectively connected to the drain tank, forming a communicating vessel effect, avoiding the generation of a negative pressure environment, thereby avoiding possible problems with poor drainage, and ensuring that the liquid is smoothly discharged after passing through the porous filter medium.

[0189] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6As shown, in the flow direction of the UV curing agent, both the drain hole 102 and the pressure balance hole 103 are located downstream of the support boss 101. A guide slope 104 inclined towards the drain hole 102 is formed between the support boss 101 and the drain hole 102. The inclination angle of the guide slope 104 can be, but is not limited to, 45°, the axial width of the guide slope 104 can be, but is not limited to, 10 mm, and the central angle of the guide slope 104 in the circumferential direction can be, but is not limited to, 120°. The guide slope 104 serves to collect and guide the filtered liquid, ensuring its smooth discharge. Since the liquid used is a photocuring agent, which has a high viscosity, it tends to accumulate downstream of the porous filter medium. In order to provide a driving force for gas flow from upstream to downstream in the entire device, a vacuum device needs to be installed downstream of the porous filter medium. Therefore, the vacuum environment formed downstream of the porous filter medium will hinder the liquid from being discharged through the drain hole 102, thus forming a liquid accumulation inside the first clamping tube 1. After being cured by ultraviolet light, it will adhere to the porous filter medium and / or the first clamping tube 1. The setting of the guide slope 104 and the air pressure balance hole 103 can ensure the smooth discharge of the photocuring agent and prevent it from adhering inside the first clamping tube 1.

[0190] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the detection device for the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium includes a built-in ultraviolet lamp (not shown) located inside the pipe structure and an external ultraviolet lamp (not shown) located outside the pipe structure. There are two sets of built-in ultraviolet lamps, located upstream and downstream of the porous filter medium, respectively, while the external ultraviolet lamp is located upstream of the porous filter medium. The built-in and external ultraviolet lamps enable instantaneous curing of the photocuring agent within 1 second.

[0191] Specifically, the external UV lamp includes a high-pressure mercury lamp and a power supply, with the power supply connected to the power terminal of the high-pressure mercury lamp. In harsh operating conditions (such as during natural gas pipeline cleaning, where a pipeline cleaning device is used to remove large amounts of impurities from the pipeline walls and extend pipeline lifespan), the concentration of aerosols (such as photocuring agents in atomized form) upstream of the porous filter medium may be too high, and / or the built-in UV lamp may have limited power. This means that the light reaching the porous filter medium after being scattered by the high-concentration aerosols is insufficient to cure the photocuring agent. Therefore, an external UV lamp is added to provide supplemental lighting. The built-in UV lamp can be automatically controlled by a controller that identifies the aerosol concentration and automatically turns on the lamp when a preset concentration threshold is reached. The controller can also automatically adjust the power and operating time.

[0192] Specifically, there are multiple built-in UV lamps, each including a mounting base and at least one LED chip soldered onto the mounting base, to ensure that UV light can be provided upstream and downstream of the porous filter medium respectively, ensuring the successful curing of the UV curing agent within the porous filter medium.

[0193] In an alternative embodiment of the invention, such as Figure 3 , Figures 11 to 16 As shown, the pipeline structure also includes a radiator 3 for dissipating heat from the built-in ultraviolet lamp. The radiator 3 is a ring-shaped structure and is located inside the pipeline structure along its circumference. A ring-shaped cooling channel 301 is formed inside the radiator 3 along its circumference. The radiator 3 has a coolant inlet 302 and a coolant outlet 303 that communicate with the cooling channel 301. The coolant inlet 302 and the coolant outlet 303 are respectively connected to a water tank. The coolant in the water tank is pumped into the cooling channel 301 by a water pump (where the function of the water pump is to drive the coolant to circulate). After passing through the cooling channel 301 once, the coolant returns to the water tank, thereby achieving the purpose of heat dissipation and cooling. The heat sink 3 has an annular mounting slope 304 on the side facing the porous filter medium, which gradually slopes towards the porous filter medium from near the axis to away from the axis. Multiple mounting slots 305 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the heat sink 3 on the mounting slope 304. Multiple mounting base plates for built-in UV lamps are snapped into their corresponding mounting slots 305. Alternatively, the mounting base plates of the UV lamps can be connected to the mounting slots 305 using other quick-connect methods. The high temperature generated by the built-in UV lamps during operation is transferred to the heat sink 3 through heat conduction. The continuous circulation of coolant within the heat sink 3 cools the mounting base plates and LEDs, which have an average operating temperature of 80°C, to 30°C, effectively achieving the cooling purpose.

[0194] The slope 304 on the heat sink 3 ensures that the ultraviolet light emitted by the LEDs irradiates the porous filter medium, guaranteeing effective ultraviolet irradiation. To ensure sufficient light intensity, different tilt angles of the slope 304 or different numbers of mounting slots 305 can be used to install different numbers of LEDs. Different tilt angles of the slope 304 allow the light emitted by the LEDs to be scattered, resulting in different relative irradiation directions on the porous filter medium. The varying number of mounting slots 305, evenly spaced along the circumference, can alter the light intensity by changing the number and power of the LEDs. Alternatively, a combination of these methods can be used to change the superposition effect of ultraviolet light across different areas of the porous filter medium, achieving uniform, high-transmittance ultraviolet irradiation. In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angle between the mounting slope 304 and the horizontal direction ranges from 45° to 75°, and the number of LED beads on each heat sink 3 is 6 to 10. Within this range, as the inclination angle of the mounting slope 304 increases, the light intensity per unit area first increases and then decreases according to a cubic curve; as the number of LED beads increases, the light intensity per unit area increases exponentially and non-linearly. However, since the aerosol concentration is higher upstream of the porous filter medium and lower downstream, the light intensity loss upstream of the porous filter medium is greater than downstream. Therefore, the inclination angle of the mounting slope 304 of the heat sink 3 upstream of the porous filter medium can be set to 55°, and each heat sink 3 can be equipped with 8 10W quad-chip LED beads; the inclination angle of the mounting slope 304 of the heat sink 3 downstream of the porous filter medium can be set to 50°, and each heat sink 3 can be equipped with 6 5W dual-chip LED beads.

[0195] Furthermore, a heat-dissipating material is filled between the mounting substrate and the corresponding mounting slot 305 to ensure both good heat dissipation and cooling effect, and to ensure the stability of the built-in ultraviolet lamp installation. The heat-dissipating material can be, but is not limited to, thermal grease.

[0196] Furthermore, in terms of circuit structure, the multiple LEDs on each built-in UV lamp are connected in parallel, ensuring stable overall voltage for the built-in UV lamp and that each LED operates independently. When the UV curing agent is in the curing state, the failure of any single LED will not affect the overall curing effect of the porous filter media, increasing the stability of the built-in UV lamp's operation.

[0197] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 ,like Figures 17 to 20As shown, the pipe structure also includes at least two connecting sleeves 4; each connecting sleeve 4 includes a sleeve body 401 and a turning pipe 402. The sleeve body 401 has an observation port 4011 and a connection port 4012 communicating with its interior. The sleeve body 401 is detachably connected to the first clamping pipe 1 or the second clamping pipe 2 through the connection port 4012. The turning pipe 402 is located outside the sleeve body 401. One end of the turning pipe 402 is welded and fixed to the sleeve body 401, and the interior of the turning pipe 402 is communicating with the interior of the sleeve body 401. The other end of the turning pipe 402 is a light-curing agent inlet 4021 and extends away from the connection port 4012 (i.e., the sleeve body 401 and the turning pipe 402 are in a "Y" shape), so that the light-curing agent entering the turning pipe 402 has an initial velocity flowing towards the connection port 4012. The arrangement of the sleeve body 401 and the diverting pipe 402 enables the airflow to smoothly change direction from the diverting pipe 402 to the sleeve body 401 during the detection process, while also allowing observation of the surface of the porous filter medium.

[0198] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the sleeve body 401 is larger than the inner diameter of the diverting pipe 402. During the process of airflow entering the sleeve body 401 from the diverting pipe 402, the airflow velocity decreases due to the increase in cross-sectional area. The sleeve body 401 plays the role of secondary mixing of the photocuring agent with the gas before entering the porous filter medium, so that the photocuring agent, which was previously stratified under the action of airflow entrainment and gravity settling, is redistributed evenly in the sleeve body 401.

[0199] Furthermore, a standard chuck is provided at the UV curing agent inlet 4021 of the diverting pipe 402, and the diverting pipe 402 can be connected to the main pipeline used for conveying the UV curing agent through the chuck.

[0200] Furthermore, such as Figure 19 , Figure 20 As shown, an annular positioning groove 4015 is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve body 401 near the connection port 4012 along the circumference of the sleeve body 401. The radiator 3 is snapped into the positioning groove 4015. The positioning groove 4015 fixes the radiator 3, ensuring the stable installation of the radiator 3 in the pipe structure.

[0201] Furthermore, such as Figure 17 , Figure 20 As shown, a wiring groove 4013 is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve body 401 near the connection port 4012, and a through hole 4014 communicating with the wiring groove 4013 is provided on the sleeve body 401. The guide for powering the built-in ultraviolet lamp and the pipes connected to the heat sink 3 can be led out through the wiring groove 4013 and the through hole 4014, without forming a depression or protrusion on the sleeve body 401, thereby avoiding affecting the flow field inside the sleeve body 401.

[0202] Furthermore, a temperature sensor (not shown) and / or a light intensity sensor (not shown) are installed in the wiring trough 4013. The temperature and light intensity can be detected in real time to ensure the smooth progress of the curing reaction. The temperature and light intensity can be adjusted according to the detected temperature and light intensity data to achieve automatic control.

[0203] Furthermore, such as Figure 18 As shown, the angle between the axis of the sleeve body 401 and the axis of the diverting pipe 402 near the sleeve body 401 is 30°. Compared with the traditional right-angle bend, this angle allows for a smooth transition of gas from the diverting pipe 402 into the sleeve body 401. The change in gas flow direction causes less disturbance to the flow field, reduces the turbulence of aerosols upstream of the porous filter medium, and ensures uniform particle size distribution in the aerosols.

[0204] Furthermore, the sleeve body 401 and the first clamping tube 1 can be connected by threads, and the sleeve body 401 and the second clamping tube 2 can also be connected by threads. By adjusting the position of the threads, the irradiation distance of the built-in ultraviolet lamp on the porous filter medium can be controlled to reduce the attenuation of ultraviolet light in the aerosol and increase the penetration of ultraviolet light in the porous filter medium. The thread can be screwed in from 1cm to 6cm, with a preferred screwing distance of 2.5cm, which allows the maximum overall penetration of ultraviolet light into the filter material to reach 4mm. The thickness of the currently used single-layer porous filter medium is 0.3mm to 0.5mm, so the ultraviolet light can irradiate up to 8 layers of the porous filter medium, reaching the maximum number of layers in the actual filter element and meeting the requirements of the testing method.

[0205] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 21 , Figure 22 As shown, the pipe structure also includes at least two light-transmitting sheets 6 and at least two mounting members 5. The mounting member 5 is an annular end cap for assembling the light-transmitting sheet 6. The two mounting members 5 are detachably connected to the observation port 4011 of the corresponding sleeve body 401. The light-transmitting sheet 6 is sandwiched between the mounting member 5 and the observation port 4011. The mounting member 5 has an optical window 501 to form an observation channel between the optical window 501, the observation port 4011 and the interior of the sleeve body 401.

[0206] Furthermore, the light-transmitting sheet 6 can be, but is not limited to, quartz glass or anti-reflective glass. The thickness of the light-transmitting sheet 6 can be, but is not limited to, 3 mm, and the ultraviolet transmittance of the light-transmitting sheet 6 is greater than 99%. Specifically, in the flow direction of the photocuring agent, the light-transmitting sheet 6 located upstream of the porous filter medium uses quartz glass with 100% ultraviolet transmittance, which is beneficial for ultraviolet light irradiation and curing of the photocuring agent; the light-transmitting sheet 6 located downstream of the porous filter medium uses anti-reflective glass to reduce light reflection and ensure clear acquisition of the image of the porous filter medium.

[0207] Furthermore, the mounting component 5 is threadedly connected to the sleeve body 401. A sealing ring is provided between the light-transmitting sheet 6 and the observation port 4011 of the sleeve body 401. The mounting component 5 is fitted onto the outside of the observation port 4011 of the sleeve body 401. By screwing the mounting component 5 into the thread, the light-transmitting sheet 6 and the sealing ring are compressed to achieve a seal. This connection method allows for easy disassembly, facilitating the removal, cleaning, or replacement of the light-transmitting sheet 6.

[0208] Furthermore, such as Figure 18 As shown, along the axial direction of the sleeve body 401, there is a reserved gap (which may be, but is not limited to, 50mm) between the connection position of the diverting pipe 402 and the sleeve body 401 and the observation port 4011. This gap is the dead zone of the flow field. No aerosols pass through this gap, and no light curing agent stains will adhere to the light-transmitting sheet 6. Only the condensate on the light-transmitting sheet 6 needs to be wiped off in a high humidity environment, which greatly saves the time and cost of operation and maintenance and improves the detection efficiency.

[0209] The features and advantages of the device for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium of the present invention are as follows:

[0210] I. This device for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium can preserve the distribution of photocurable agent in a dynamic equilibrium state within the porous filter medium in solid form. This ensures that the distribution of the photocurable agent within the porous filter medium is not affected by external factors such as subsequent airflow cessation, cutting, or vacuuming. It solves problems such as distorted detection results, the need for immediate observation after sample cutting, and the inability to repeatedly observe samples. By slicing the porous filter medium and observing the front, back, and / or cut surfaces of the sliced ​​sample, the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium can be obtained directly and accurately. This invention achieves the permanent online preservation of the liquid distribution state, ensuring accurate and reliable offline detection at any subsequent time point.

[0211] Second, in the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics in the porous filter medium, the setting of the connecting sleeve 4 can not only ensure the smooth direction of airflow and minimize interference with the flow field, ensuring uniform distribution of aerosol particles in the airflow, but also allow for observation of the surface of the porous filter medium, thus improving the accuracy of detection.

[0212] Third, in the detection device for the liquid distribution characteristics in the porous filter medium, the first clamping tube 1 and the second clamping tube 2 are threadedly connected, which has the advantages of quick and labor-saving connection, good sealing performance, and a wide range of clamping thicknesses, and can meet the fixing requirements of porous filter media of different thicknesses.

[0213] IV. In the detection device for liquid distribution characteristics in the porous filter medium, the first clamping tube 1 is provided with a guide slope 104, a drain hole 102 and a pressure balance hole 103, which realizes the function of guiding and draining the liquid passing through the porous filter medium. It has the advantage of quickly draining high-viscosity liquid under negative pressure conditions, ensuring the smooth progress of the detection.

[0214] Implementation Method 3

[0215] like Figure 23 , Figure 24 As shown, the present invention provides a detection system for liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium. This system includes a control unit 400, an atomizing unit, an extraction unit 300, and the aforementioned detection device 100. The atomizing unit is located upstream of the detection device 100, and the extraction unit 300 is located downstream. The control unit 400 is connected to the atomizing unit, the extraction unit 300, and the detection device 100. The atomizing unit includes a mixing chamber and a UV-curable agent inlet pipe connected to the mixing chamber. An atomizer 200 and a flow controller 700 are installed on the UV-curable agent inlet pipe to atomize the UV-curable agent and control the concentration of the UV-curable agent after atomization. The flow rate and pressure of the input compressed air are adjusted by the flow controller 700. The liquid light curing agent is atomized into aerosols with different concentrations and particle size distributions by the atomizer 200. After the aerosols and air are mixed evenly in the mixing chamber, they flow into the detection device 100 for liquid distribution characteristics in the porous filter medium.

[0216] Furthermore, such as Figure 23 As shown, a concentration monitor 600 is also installed on the UV curing agent inlet line to detect the concentration of aerosols. The concentration monitor 600 can be, but is not limited to, a sensor capable of detecting aerosol concentration.

[0217] Furthermore, the pumping unit 300 can be, but is not limited to, a vacuum pump.

[0218] Furthermore, a sampling device is installed within the mixing chamber. The sampling device monitors the aerosol concentration in real time using isokinetic sampling and transmits the concentration information to the control unit 400, so as to obtain the aerosol concentration upstream of the detection device 100, which is located within the porous filter medium, in real time. The specific structure of the sampling device is not limited in this invention, as long as it can perform aerosol sampling.

[0219] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 23 As shown, the detection system for liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium also includes a flow monitoring unit 800. The flow monitoring unit 800 is located downstream of the detection device 100 for liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium and is connected to the control unit 400. The flow monitoring unit 800 can monitor the flow rate within the pipeline structure in real time, and the control unit 400 can control the input flow rate to ensure flow stability. The flow monitoring unit 800 can be, but is not limited to, a flow sensor.

[0220] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 23 As shown, the detection system for liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium also includes an image acquisition unit 500. The image acquisition unit 500 is located downstream of the detection device 100 for liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium. The image acquisition unit 500 is connected to the control unit 400 to acquire images of the drain surface of the porous filter medium in real time. The image acquisition unit 500 may be, but is not limited to, a camera.

[0221] Furthermore, a lighting lamp is installed downstream of the detection device 100 for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium, serving as supplementary lighting. The type, number, and specific location of the lighting lamp are not limited in this invention, as long as the image acquisition unit 500 can clearly acquire images of the porous filter medium.

[0222] Furthermore, such as Figure 23 As shown, a differential pressure transmitter 900 is installed between the upstream and downstream of the detection device 100 for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics in the porous filter medium. The differential pressure transmitter 900 can detect the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the detection device 100 for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics in the porous filter medium in real time.

[0223] In this invention, the control unit 400 automatically controls the operation of the entire detection system through pre-programmed and pre-input parameters. Before starting operation, the operator inputs the number n and power P of the built-in UV lamps 1100 and the thickness d of the porous filter medium at the front end of the intelligent light curing adjustment system to set the preconditions required for curing; when the control unit 400 inputs the required flow rate Q of the air extraction unit... 总At this point, the atomizing unit needs to control the actual aerosol concentration c, thus setting the operating conditions to be simulated. After the system starts, the control unit 400 automatically adjusts to stabilize the required flow rate Q. 总 The actual aerosol concentration c is determined. After the required curing time is reached, the control unit 400 automatically completes the photocuring step by controlling the rotation speed r of the cooling water pump, the actual output power P1, P2, and P3 of each UV lamp, and the irradiation time t1, t2, and t3 of each UV lamp. After photocuring is complete, the control unit 400 automatically stops the operation of each device to prevent additional aerosol from entering the porous filter medium and affecting the test results. Afterward, the operator can remove the porous filter medium for subsequent microscopic observation.

[0224] like Figure 24 As shown, the method, apparatus, and system for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium according to the present invention address the problems of severe attenuation of ultraviolet light intensity with increasing distance and difficulty in direct light penetration through the pipe structure to irradiate the porous filter medium. While a built-in ultraviolet lamp 1100 is required inside the pipe structure, its small size leads to limited power, heat dissipation difficulties, and impacts on the airflow field within the pipe structure. Therefore, based on the built-in ultraviolet lamp 1100, an external ultraviolet lamp 1200 is installed outside the pipe structure. This dual ultraviolet light irradiation ensures successful curing of the photocuring agent within the porous filter medium. The built-in ultraviolet lamp 1100 comprises two sets respectively positioned upstream and downstream of the porous filter medium. By installing different power and numbers of lamp beads, close-range ultraviolet light irradiation can be achieved with minimal light attenuation. During the curing of the photocuring agent, a preset program in the control unit 400 precisely links the start and stop of each device to reduce human error and ensure curing quality. To ensure the authenticity of the liquid distribution, the control unit controls the airflow of the atomizer 200 to ensure stable atomization upstream of the porous filter medium, and controls the frequency of the suction unit 300 downstream of the porous filter medium to keep the airflow stable. After curing is completed, the control unit 400 immediately controls the atomizer 200 upstream of the porous filter medium to stop working to prevent additional liquid from entering the porous filter medium.

[0225] During the curing process of the UV curing agent, such as Figure 23 As shown, the control unit 400 can supply power to the external UV lamp 1200 and the two sets of built-in UV lamps 1100, and can automatically adjust the output power and irradiation time of the external UV lamp 1200 and the two sets of built-in UV lamps 1100 to avoid the situation where the actual irradiation time is longer than the theoretical irradiation time, resulting in excess photocuring agent entering the porous filter medium and being cured, thus causing inaccurate results.

[0226] The following specific embodiments clearly illustrate the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter medium.

[0227] Example 1

[0228] like Figure 25 , Figure 26 As shown, for clean filter media that has not been wetted by liquid atomization (i.e., porous filter media), both the inlet and outlet surfaces (i.e., the two opposite end faces of the filter media) appear as complex three-dimensional network structures under a microscopic view. Under SEM electron microscopy, the gaps between the fibers in the filter media are clear, and each fiber has a clear boundary, with no obvious difference between the inlet and outlet surfaces.

[0229] Example 2

[0230] After treating an oleophobic filter media using the liquid distribution characteristic detection method of the present invention, the liquid inlet surface of the filter media is compared with the liquid distribution characteristics of the porous filter media detected by the traditional method. For example... Figure 27 As shown, after photocuring, the filter media, apart from the formation of liquid bridges and small liquid films in some areas, still retains a large number of voids for gas to pass through, and liquid droplets are present; the liquid does not completely encapsulate the fibers. Figure 28 As shown, in the traditional method, the liquid completely fills the fiber pores in the filter material, but the fibers can still be observed. This is because, after the gas supply stops, the liquid tends to wet the entire liquid surface under the action of surface tension, resulting in distorted results that do not match the theoretical model.

[0231] Example 3

[0232] After treating an oleophobic filter media using the liquid distribution characteristic detection method of the present invention, the liquid drainage surface of the filter media is compared with that obtained using traditional methods to detect the liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter media. For example... Figure 29 As shown, after photocuring, the filter media exhibits numerous liquid bridges and large, converging droplets on its drainage surface. These droplets are shell-shaped and adhere to one side of the oleophobic fibers. On some individual fibers, multiple continuously arranged small droplets (which are about to form a large droplet) are even visible, while gaps remain between the fibers. Figure 30 As shown, in the traditional method, the liquid completely fills the fiber pores in the filter material, but the fibers can still be observed. This is because, after the gas supply stops, the liquid tends to wet the entire liquid surface under the action of surface tension, resulting in distorted results that do not match the theoretical model.

[0233] Example 4

[0234] The liquid distribution characteristics of porous filter media in this invention were compared between two methods: curing an oleophilic filter media with a UV-curing agent 60 seconds after the airflow was stopped, and curing the UV-curing agent without stopping the airflow. Figure 31 As shown, the photocuring agent inside the filter media is photocured without stopping the gas supply. The inlet surface of the filter media contains numerous large droplets and liquid bridges. The droplets are spherical and symmetrically envelop the oleophilic fibers. Small liquid films and liquid bridges exist within the filter media. Furthermore, a large number of voids remain within the filter media. For example... Figure 32 As shown, when the gas supply is stopped, the light curing agent inside the filter material is light-cured. The entire liquid inlet of the filter material is covered by liquid. Since the drag force of the airflow is lost, the liquid changes from a dynamic equilibrium state to a static equilibrium state. The liquid wets the entire filter material and blocks all the gaps in the filter material. Therefore, it is not possible to detect the distribution characteristics of the liquid inside the filter material when the gas supply is stopped.

[0235] Example 5

[0236] The liquid distribution characteristics within the porous filter media of this invention were compared between two methods: curing an oleophilic filter media with a UV-curing agent 60 seconds after the airflow was stopped, and curing the UV-curing agent without stopping the airflow. Figure 33 , Figure 35 As shown, the drainage surface of the filter media has a whole liquid film, in which the outline of individual fibers is almost invisible. Several small pores exist within this liquid film, allowing gas to pass through, which is consistent with the phenomenon of a rapid increase in resistance in oleophilic filter media in the later stages. Figure 34 , Figure 36 As shown, after 60 seconds of stopping gas supply, the UV curing agent inside the filter media was cured. There was no whole liquid film on the drainage surface of the filter media, but a few spherical droplets were visible. The droplets are because the liquid film on the drainage surface of the filter media is in a dynamic equilibrium of detaching from the fiber and transporting the liquid downward due to the drag force of the airflow. Once the airflow drag force is lost, the large liquid film is drawn into the interior of the filter media due to capillary action, forming a large number of large-area pores. This does not match the result of a rapid increase in liquid pressure drop. Therefore, it is not possible to use this method to detect the distribution characteristics of liquid inside the filter media when the gas supply is stopped.

[0237] Through the above embodiments and analysis, it can be fully demonstrated that the method, apparatus and system for detecting liquid distribution characteristics in porous filter media of the present invention can truly cure the photocuring agent in the porous filter media and can achieve accurate detection of liquid distribution characteristics.

[0238] The above description is merely an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A photocuring agent was used to simulate the working conditions of the porous filter medium filtering liquid; Within a preset time period during which the liquid distribution within the photocuring agent needs to be observed, the liquid within the porous filter medium is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation. The porous filter medium is sliced ​​and sampled to form a sample to be observed; Observe the front, back and / or cross-section of the sample; Obtain the distribution characteristics of the liquid within the porous filter medium; The porous filter medium is disposed within a pipe structure, and ultraviolet lamps are respectively installed inside the pipe structure and upstream, downstream, and / or outside the pipe structure to emit ultraviolet light; the actual energy of the ultraviolet light reaching the surface of the porous filter medium and the irradiation time of the ultraviolet light satisfy the following formula: ； ； ； ； in, α represents the actual aerosol concentration; α represents the concentration of ultraviolet light in the aerosol medium. The attenuation coefficient at that time, i.e., the concentration of the photocuring agent in the atomized state, is... Attenuation coefficient at time; η represents the set aerosol concentration; η is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet lamp. , , These represent the photoelectric conversion rates corresponding to different ultraviolet lamps; The total energy radiated to the porous filter medium by the ultraviolet lamp located inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; The total energy radiated by the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium to the porous filter medium; The total energy radiated by the ultraviolet lamp outside the pipe structure to the porous filter medium; The irradiation duration of the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; The irradiation duration of the ultraviolet lamp inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; The duration of ultraviolet irradiation on the exterior of the pipeline structure; The number of ultraviolet lamps inside the pipe structure and located upstream of the porous filter medium; The number of ultraviolet lamps located inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; The number of ultraviolet lamps on the outside of the pipeline structure.

2. The method for detecting liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before using the photocuring agent to simulate the working conditions of the porous filter medium filtering the liquid, select the corresponding photocuring agent according to the working conditions of the porous filter medium to be simulated, and adjust the fogging volume concentration of the photocuring agent to the preset fogging volume concentration.

3. The method for detecting liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The photocuring agent simultaneously meets the following conditions: The surface tension of the photocuring agent is the same as or close to the surface tension of the simulated liquid; The viscosity of the photocuring agent is the same as or close to the viscosity of the simulated liquid; In the cured state, ultraviolet light can pass through the photocuring agent.

4. The method for detecting liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The photocuring agent includes: a free radical type photocuring agent, a free radical-cationic dual curing agent, or a cationic photocuring agent.

5. The method for detecting liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ultraviolet light simultaneously meets the following conditions: The peak value of the ultraviolet light is the same as the absorption peak value of the ultraviolet light by the photocuring agent; The total light power of the ultraviolet light is preset so that the curing time of the photocuring agent is less than the preset time.

6. The method for detecting liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The total energy required to cure the photocuring agent within the porous filter medium satisfies the following formula: Where d is the thickness of the porous filter medium.

7. The method for detecting liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp satisfies the following formula: ； ； ； in, This represents the actual aerosol concentration. The rated power of the ultraviolet lamp located inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; The rated power of the ultraviolet lamp located inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; The rated power of the ultraviolet lamps outside the pipeline structure; The actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp located inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; The actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp located inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; This refers to the actual output power of the ultraviolet lamps outside the pipe structure.

8. The method for detecting liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp and the total energy required to cure the photocuring agent in the porous filter medium satisfy the following formula: ； Where α is the concentration of ultraviolet light in the aerosol medium. The attenuation coefficient at that time, i.e., the concentration of the photocuring agent in the atomized state, is... Attenuation coefficient at time; η represents the aerosol concentration; η represents the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet lamp. The actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp located inside the pipe structure and upstream of the porous filter medium; The actual output power of the ultraviolet lamp located inside the pipe structure and downstream of the porous filter medium; The actual output power of the ultraviolet lamps outside the pipe structure; The total energy required to cure the photocuring agent within the porous filter medium.

9. The method for detecting liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium as described in claim 7, characterized in that, A cooling water pump is installed inside the pipe structure. The speed of the cooling water pump is between 2500 rpm and 5500 rpm, and the speed of the cooling water pump satisfies the following formula: ； Where r is the rotational speed of the cooling water pump; This is the maximum temperature value within the pipe structure.

10. The method for detecting liquid distribution characteristics within a porous filter medium as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the case where the light-curing agent is used to simulate the filtration of liquid by the porous filter medium, a camera is used to collect the liquid discharge status of the liquid discharge surface of the porous filter medium in real time.

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