A thread chaser power flow polishing and passivation device and method with flow channels

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of polishing and passivation, and particularly relates to a thread combing cutter force rheological polishing and passivation device and method with drainage grooves, which comprises a barrel, a roller and a driving assembly. The barrel has an inner cavity, the lower part of the side inner wall of the inner cavity is a circular arc surface, a plurality of drainage grooves are arranged on the circular arc surface in an axial direction, the drainage grooves are arranged in a circumferential direction and are matched with the shape and size of the teeth of the cutter blade, the roller is cooperatively installed in the barrel, a polishing gap is formed between the side outer wall of the roller and the lower part of the side inner wall of the barrel, a plurality of cutter clamping mechanisms are arranged on the side outer wall of the roller in a ring shape, the cutter clamping mechanisms are used for installing the cutter blade so that the teeth of the cutter blade face the inner wall of the barrel, and the driving assembly is used for driving the roller to rotate. The present application can polish and passivate the thread combing cutter blade with a complex blade shape. The present application can controllably constrain the flow field, change the flow field speed and pressure of the polishing liquid, and achieve uniform and efficient polishing and passivation effects.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of polishing and passivation, and particularly relates to a thread combing tool force flow polishing and passivation device and method with drainage grooves. BACKGROUND

[0002] Cutting is a basic process in mechanical manufacturing, and a tool is a key of a machining system, which directly affects machining efficiency and quality. After the tool edge is ground by a grinding wheel, there are micro defects such as notches and burrs in different degrees, which are easily expanded in the cutting process, accelerate tool wear, and further damage the surface quality of the machined workpiece. Edge passivation is to eliminate the micro defects of the edge by a certain method, improve the roughness precision level of the tool grinding surface, improve the chip breaking capacity and coating firmness, slow down tool wear, and prolong the service life of the tool. Commonly used tool passivation machines on the market mainly include vertical rotary passivation machines, brush passivation machines, abrasive sand blasting passivation machines, and vibration passivation machines. However, the vertical rotary passivation machine is mainly suitable for rotary tools, the brush passivation machine and the vibration passivation machine are prone to cause the collapse of the tool edge and the roughness of the rake and flank surfaces, the tool processed by the abrasive sand blasting passivation machine has low consistency of the edge rounding radius and poor surface quality of the tool, and the abrasive is expensive and the tool batch polishing efficiency is low.

[0003] The force flow polishing and passivation technology is based on the shear thickening effect of non-Newtonian fluid. When there is relative motion between the polishing liquid and the tool edge, the polishing liquid and the edge contact area produce shear thickening phenomenon due to the action of shear stress, forming a "flexible fixed mold" that fits the complex edge, so as to realize the material removal of the edge.

[0004] A thread comb cutter is a multi-toothed thread cutting tool primarily used for cutting and shaping threads on steel pipes. Belonging to the field of milling cutter technology, it boasts advantages such as excellent cutting performance, high machining efficiency, and superior economic performance, making it widely used in practical machining. In recent years, major tool manufacturers worldwide have conducted research on optimizing the design of thread comb cutters. The cutting edge of a thread comb cutter consists of several coarse cutting teeth and one fine cutting tooth, but the tooth shape is complex and the size is small, rendering traditional passivation methods unsuitable. Mechanorheological polishing passivation methods have excellent ability to conform to complex curved surfaces, ensuring the passivation requirements for complex-shaped cutting edges. In his dissertation, "Research on Mechanorheological Polishing Fluid Based on the Properties of Carbide Materials," He Qiankun conducted polishing research on complex-shaped carbide inserts, achieving a surface roughness of 5.6 nm and a material removal rate of 56.7 nm / min after machining. Ke Mingfeng, in his dissertation, "Experimental Study on Brush-Assisted Mechanorheological Polishing of Complex-Shaped Carbide Inserts," conducted experimental research on complex-shaped carbide inserts, achieving efficient, high-quality, and low-cost polishing of the rake / flank faces and efficient, high-quality, and low-cost passivation of the cutting edge of complex-shaped carbide inserts. Both authors have made significant progress in polishing and passivating complex-shaped carbide cutting tools, but their methods are limited to machining only a single tool.

[0005] The problem with existing technology is that when using force rheological polishing passivation method to passivate thread combs, the polishing fluid has a lower polishing pressure at the tooth root far from the polishing pad, resulting in a lower material removal rate and lower polishing passivation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a thread comb tool force rheological polishing and passivation device and method with a flow channel. By constraining and controlling the flow field of polishing fluid on the complex cutting edge of the thread comb tool through the flow channel, the pressure and flow rate of the polishing fluid can be controlled, and the tool can be polished and passivated efficiently, with high quality and low cost.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a thread comb tool force rheological polishing and passivation device with a drainage groove, comprising:

[0008] The material cylinder has an inner cavity, the lower part of the inner wall of the inner side of the inner cavity is an arc surface, and a plurality of flow channels are arranged axially at intervals on the arc surface. The flow channels are arranged circumferentially and match the shape and size of the cutting teeth on the blade.

[0009] A roller is fitted into a material cylinder, with a polishing gap formed between its outer side wall and the lower part of the inner side wall of the material cylinder. Several tool clamping mechanisms are arranged around the outer side wall of the roller for mounting blades, with the blade teeth facing the inner wall of the material cylinder.

[0010] A drive assembly for driving the drum to rotate.

[0011] Further, the barrel comprises a detachable barrel upper shell and barrel lower shell.

[0012] Further, the outer wall of the drum side surface is provided with a plurality of clamp mounting grooves arranged along the axial direction, which are used for embedding the tool clamp mechanism.

[0013] Further, the clamp mounting grooves are capable of inserting the tool clamp mechanism from the end, and the tool clamp mechanism is limited in the radial and circumferential directions, so that the tool clamp mechanism cannot be taken out from the clamp mounting groove towards the side of the drum center; at least one end of the drum is detachably connected with a baffle plate for shielding the end of the clamp mounting groove.

[0014] Further, the clamp mounting grooves are T-shaped grooves.

[0015] Further, the tool clamp mechanism comprises a tool mounting seat and a tool pressing plate, the tool mounting seat is provided with a tool mounting groove for embedding the blade, and the tool pressing plate is matched with the tool mounting seat to limit the blade in the tool mounting groove.

[0016] Further, one of the tool mounting seat and the tool pressing plate is provided with a positioning shaft, and the other is provided with a positioning hole, the positioning shaft is used for inserting into the positioning hole and the through hole of the blade; the tool mounting seat is provided with a plurality of tool mounting grooves.

[0017] Further, the driving assembly comprises a main shaft motor and a speed reducer, and the main shaft motor is connected with the main shaft of the drum through the speed reducer.

[0018] Further, the polishing liquid circulating device is used for supplying polishing liquid to the barrel, and a cooler is arranged, and the pure water adding device is connected with the cooler.

[0019] The application also provides a thread chaser force flow polishing and passivation method with a drainage groove, which is realized by using the thread chaser force flow polishing and passivation device as described above, and comprises the following steps: loading the blade into the thread chaser force flow polishing and passivation device, starting the thread chaser force flow polishing and passivation device, feeding the polishing liquid into the polishing gap, driving the drum to rotate by the driving assembly, making the blade and the polishing liquid form relative motion, and then making the polishing liquid generate force flow effect, and forming a flexible fixed abrasive tool that fits the complex shape of the blade edge under the constraint of the drainage groove; when polishing, the gap between the blade tooth surface and the drainage groove is 1-3 mm.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1) The application can polish and passivate the thread chaser blade with complex blade shape;

[0022] 2) The present application can control the flow field, and for the tooth root far away from the polishing disc, the polishing liquid can be used to remove the material of the tooth root efficiently by increasing the flow field speed and pressure, so that the uniform and efficient polishing passivation effect is achieved;

[0023] 3) The present application can polish and passivate a large number of blades, and the device is convenient to disassemble and assemble, the polishing and passivation process is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and the processing cost is low;

[0024] 4) The present application can passivate the cutting edge of the tool, and can polish the rake face, the flank face, the tooth gap and the tooth root of the blade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of a thread chaser force flow variable polishing and passivation device with a drainage groove of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a top view structure schematic view of the thread chaser force flow variable polishing and passivation device with the drainage groove of the present application when the upper shell of the removal cylinder is removed;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the lower shell of the thread chaser force flow variable polishing and passivation device with the drainage groove of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a connection structure schematic view of the roller, the baffle and the tool clamping mechanism of the thread chaser force flow variable polishing and passivation device with the drainage groove of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic view of the roller of the thread chaser force flow variable polishing and passivation device with the drainage groove of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structure schematic view of the tool clamping mechanism of the thread chaser force flow variable polishing and passivation device with the drainage groove of the present application when the blade is installed;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a position relationship schematic view of the blade and the drainage groove of the thread chaser force flow variable polishing and passivation device with the drainage groove of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a microstructure schematic view of the force flow variable polishing and passivation cutting edge of the thread chaser force flow variable polishing and passivation method with the drainage groove of the present application;

[0033] Figure 9 It is a cutting edge topography graph before the polishing and passivation of the thread chaser force flow variable polishing and passivation method with the drainage groove of the present application;

[0034] Figure 10A thread chaser force flow variable polishing passivation method with drainage grooves.

[0035] In the figure: 1-tool clamping mechanism, 2-roller, 3-driving assembly, 4-polishing liquid circulating device, 5-rack, 6-drum, 7-tool mounting seat, 700-tool mounting groove, 701-positioning hole, 8-polishing liquid, 9-tool pressing plate, 900-positioning shaft, 10-blade, 1000-through hole-11-baffle, 12-drainage groove, 13-main shaft, 14-reducer, 15-main shaft motor, 16-control panel, 17-pure water adding device. Embodiment

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outer side", "upper", "inner side", "horizontal", "coaxial", "central", "end", "length", "outer end" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0037] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0038] Referring to the drawings Figures 1-7 A thread chaser force flow variable polishing passivation device with drainage grooves, comprising a drum 6, a roller 2 and a driving assembly 3, the drum 6 has an inner cavity, the lower part of the side inner wall of the inner cavity is a circular arc surface (here the meaning of side is the same as that of the side of a cylinder), a plurality of drainage grooves 12 are arranged on the circular arc surface in an axial direction, the drainage grooves 12 are arranged in a circumferential direction and match the size and shape of the teeth on the blade 10, the ends of the drainage grooves 12 are not closed, so the rotation of the blade 10 is not blocked. The roller 2 is fitted into the drum 6, a polishing gap is formed between the side outer wall of the roller 6 and the lower part of the side inner wall of the drum 6, a plurality of tool clamping mechanisms 1 (here the meaning of side is the same as that of the side of a cylinder) are arranged on the side outer wall of the roller 6, the tool clamping mechanisms 1 are used to install the blade 10, so that the teeth of the blade 10 face the inner wall of the drum 6. The driving assembly 3 is used to drive the roller 2 to rotate.

[0039] Continuing to refer to Figure 1 The drum 6 comprises an upper drum shell and a lower drum shell which are detachably connected, the above-mentioned circular arc surface is arranged on the lower drum shell, and the radius of the circular arc surface is 180°, that is, the lower drum shell has a semicylindrical cavity.

[0040] In some embodiments, the upper drum shell can also be arranged to have a semicylindrical cavity, so that an annular polishing gap is formed between the drum 6 and the roller 2.

[0041] With reference to the drawings Figure 4 and Figure 5 The outer wall of the side of the drum 2 is provided with a plurality of clamping installation grooves 200 arranged in the axial direction, which are used to embed the tool clamping mechanism 1. The left and right ends of the clamping installation groove 200 are open, the tool clamping mechanism 1 can be inserted from the end of the clamping installation groove 200, and the clamping installation groove 200 limits the tool clamping mechanism 1 in the radial and circumferential directions, so that the tool clamping mechanism 1 cannot be taken out from the side of the center of the drum 2. In order to prevent the tool clamping mechanism 2 from falling, the two ends of the drum 2 are detachably connected to block the end of the clamping installation groove 200 with a baffle plate 11. The baffle plate 11 is a ring structure corresponding to the drum 2. When inserting or taking out the tool clamping mechanism 1, the baffle plate 11 can be removed.

[0042] Among them, the clamping installation groove 200 is a T-shaped groove, and the narrower side is connected to the outside and provides a tooth of the blade 10 to extend out.

[0043] Among them, the tool clamping mechanism 1 and the clamping installation groove 200 are generally not fixed by fasteners, but fasteners can be used for reinforcement when necessary.

[0044] In some embodiments, the clamping installation groove 200 can be closed at one end and open at the other end, so that the clamping installation groove 200 only needs to be blocked at the open end with a baffle plate 11, and the structure is simpler.

[0045] With reference to the drawings Figure 6 The tool clamping mechanism 1 includes a tool mounting seat 7 and a tool pressing plate 9. The tool mounting seat 7 has a tool mounting groove 700 for embedding the blade 10. The shape and size of the tool mounting groove 700 match the blade 10. The tool pressing plate 9 cooperates with the tool mounting seat 7 to press the blade 10 in the tool mounting groove 700.

[0046] Specifically, the tool mounting seat 7 is provided with a plurality of tool mounting grooves 700 along the length direction, and each tool mounting groove 700 can install a blade 10. The tool pressing plate 9 is provided with a plurality of positioning shafts 900 corresponding in number to the mounting grooves 700 along the length direction. The tool mounting seat 7 is provided with positioning holes 701, and the positioning shafts 900 are used to be inserted into the positioning holes 701 and the through holes 1000 of the blade 10. Due to the limitation of the positioning shafts 900 to the blade 10, the blade 10 will not fall off.

[0047] In some embodiments, the tool mounting seat 7 can be provided with the positioning shafts 900, and the tool pressing plate 9 can be provided with the positioning holes 701.

[0048] Among them, the tool mounting seat 7, the tool pressing plate 9 and the blade 10 are generally not fixed by fasteners, but fasteners can be used for reinforcement when necessary.

[0049] With reference to Figure 2 , the driving assembly 3 comprises a main shaft motor 15 and a speed reducer 14, the main shaft motor 15 is connected with the main shaft 13 of the roller 2 through the speed reducer 14, and the roller 2 is driven to rotate by the main shaft motor 15.

[0050] With reference to Figure 1 , the thread chaser force flow variable polishing passivation device further comprises a polishing liquid circulating device 4, a purified water adding device 17, a rack 5 and a control panel 16, the cartridge 6, the polishing liquid circulating device 4 and the purified water adding device 17 are all installed on the rack 5, and the control panel 16 is installed on the cartridge 6. The polishing liquid circulating device 4 is connected with the inner cavity of the cartridge 6 through a pipeline and is used for supplying the polishing liquid for the cartridge 6, and a cooler is arranged in the polishing liquid circulating device 4, and the purified water adding device 17 is connected with the cooler. The control panel 16 can set the motion parameters (rotation speed and rotation direction) of the roller 2 in the passivation process and the polishing passivation time.

[0051] The polishing liquid circulating device 4 can supply and pump the polishing liquid for the cartridge 6, that is, the polishing liquid circulating device 4 can play a role in circulating flow of the force flow variable polishing liquid, so that the polishing liquid 8 is uniformly mixed and stratification is avoided, and on the other hand, the polishing liquid circulating device 4 plays a role in cooling and adjusting the polishing liquid 8 by using a condenser and the purified water adding device 17.

[0052] It should be noted that the thread chaser force flow variable polishing passivation device of the present application comprises a plurality of tool clamping mechanisms 1 and can realize batch polishing passivation of 100-600 tools.

[0053] With reference to Figures 8-10 , a thread chaser force flow variable polishing passivation method with a drainage groove is realized by using the thread chaser force flow variable polishing passivation device as described above, and the method comprises the following steps: loading the blade 10 into the thread chaser force flow variable polishing passivation device, starting the thread chaser force flow variable polishing passivation device, feeding the polishing liquid into the polishing gap, driving the roller 2 to rotate by the driving assembly, making the blade 10 form relative motion with the polishing liquid 8, and then making the polishing liquid 8 generate a force flow variable effect, under the constraint of the drainage groove 12, forming a flexible fixed abrasive tool that fits the complex-shaped cutting edge, and when the polishing liquid 8 flows through the cutting edge of the blade 10, the pressure and flow rate rapidly increase, the polishing passivation efficiency of the cutting edge is improved, the polishing passivation effects of different positions of each cutting edge are uniform and consistent, the sharpness of the cutting edge is moderately reduced, the cutting edge defects are eliminated, the roughness of the rake face and the relief face is reduced, and the purpose of making the tool sharp and durable is achieved. When polishing, the gap between the tooth surface of the blade 10 and the drainage groove is 1-3 mm.

[0054] The polishing liquid 8 is a non-Newtonian fluid polishing liquid, and its components are as follows: a force rheological dispersed phase accounts for 40 wt.%-60 wt.%, deionized water accounts for 30 wt.%-50 wt.%, abrasive particles account for 3 wt.%-20 wt.%, the abrasive particles include one or a mixture of several of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, diamond, etc., an oxidizing agent accounts for 0.1 wt.%-5 wt.%, and the oxidizing agent includes one or a mixture of several of ferrous ions, hydrogen peroxide, acid and alkali reagents, etc. Embodiments

[0055] By using the device and method of the present application, the thread gashing blade is processed, and the experimental processing conditions are shown in Table 1:

[0056] Table 1 Experimental processing conditions

[0057] Workpiece Threaded chaser 100 pieces Polishing liquid Rheologically controlled polishing liquid Roller rotation speed 80 r / min Passivation time 20 min

[0058] Before polishing and passivation, the thread gashing blade has a blade edge radius of 36±3 μm, as shown in FIG. 1, the blade edge has obvious burrs, notches and other defects, the blade surface is rough and has no gloss, and the tooth root roughness is 106.5±10 nm. Figure 9 After processing for 15 minutes by using the device and method, the thread gashing blade has a blade edge radius of 46±2 μm, as shown in FIG. 2, the blade edge defects are basically eliminated, the blade surface is smooth and has gloss, and the tooth root roughness is reduced to 15.6±4 nm. Figure 10

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.​

Claims

1. A thread chaser power flow polishing passivation device with flow channels, characterized in that, It comprises: a barrel (6) having an inner cavity, the lower part of the side inner wall of which is a circular arc surface, a plurality of drainage grooves (12) being arranged on the circular arc surface in an axial direction, the drainage grooves (12) being arranged in a circumferential direction and matching the shape and size of the blade teeth on the blade (10), and under the constraint of the drainage grooves (12), a flexible fixed abrasive tool that fits the complex-shaped blade edge is formed; when polishing, the gap between the blade tooth surface and the drainage groove is 1-3 mm; a roller (2) fitted and installed in the barrel (6), the polishing gap being formed between the side outer wall of the roller (6) and the lower part of the side inner wall of the barrel (6), a plurality of tool clamping mechanisms (1) being arranged on the side outer wall of the roller (6) in a ring shape, the tool clamping mechanisms (1) being used to install the blade (10) so that the blade teeth of the blade (10) face the inner wall of the barrel (6), a plurality of clamp mounting grooves (200) being arranged on the side outer wall of the roller (2) in an axial direction, the clamp mounting grooves (200) being used to embed the tool clamping mechanisms (1), the clamp mounting grooves (200) being capable of allowing the tool clamping mechanisms (1) to be inserted from the end part and limiting the tool clamping mechanisms (1) in the radial and circumferential directions, so that the tool clamping mechanisms (1) cannot be taken out from the clamp mounting grooves (200) on the side opposite to the center of the roller (2); at least one end of the roller (2) is detachably connected with a baffle (11) used to shield the end part of the clamp mounting groove (200); and a driving assembly (3) used to drive the roller (2) to rotate.

2. A thread form chaser power flow polishing passivation device with flow channels according to claim 1, wherein, The barrel (6) comprises a detachably connected barrel upper shell and barrel lower shell.

3. A thread form chaser with flow grooves for power flow polishing and passivation of a thread form, according to claim 1, wherein, The clamp mounting groove (200) is a T-shaped groove.

4. A thread form chaser with flow grooves for power flow polishing and passivation of a thread form, according to claim 1, wherein, The tool clamping mechanism (1) comprises a tool mounting seat (7) and a tool pressing plate (9), the tool mounting seat (7) having a tool mounting groove (700) used to embed the blade (10), and the tool pressing plate (9) being matched with the tool mounting seat (7) to limit the blade (10) in the tool mounting groove (700).

5. A thread form chaser with flow grooves for power flow polishing and passivation of a thread form, according to claim 4, wherein, One of the tool mounting seat (7) and the tool pressing plate (9) is provided with a positioning shaft (900), and the other is provided with a positioning hole (701), the positioning shaft (900) being used to be inserted into the positioning hole (701) and the through hole (1000) of the blade (10); the tool mounting seat (7) has a plurality of tool mounting grooves (700).

6. A thread form chaser with flow grooves for power flow polishing and passivation of a thread form, according to claim 1, wherein, The driving assembly (3) comprises a main shaft motor (15) and a speed reducer (14), the main shaft motor (15) being connected with the main shaft (13) of the roller (2) through the speed reducer (14).

7. A thread form chaser with flow grooves for polishing and passivation of a thread form, according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also comprises a polishing liquid circulating device (4) and a pure water adding device (17), the polishing liquid circulating device (4) being used to supply polishing liquid for the barrel (6) and being provided with a cooler, and the pure water adding device (17) being connected with the cooler.

8. A thread form hobbing and flow forming method with a flow channel, characterized by, The threaded chaser force rheological polishing passivation device is realized by adopting the threaded chaser force rheological polishing passivation device as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, comprising: loading the blade (10) into the threaded chaser force rheological polishing passivation device, starting the threaded chaser force rheological polishing passivation device, feeding the polishing liquid into the polishing gap, driving the roller (2) to rotate by the driving assembly (3), making the blade (10) form relative motion with the polishing liquid (8), and then making the polishing liquid (8) generate force rheological effect, and under the constraint of the drainage groove (12), forming a flexible fixed abrasive tool that fits the complex shape of the cutting edge; during polishing, the gap between the blade (10) tooth surface and the drainage groove is 1-3 mm.

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