Automatic flood discharge and controllable water level hydraulic self-control flap gate

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of flood control and disaster mitigation, and discloses a hydraulic self-control flap gate capable of automatic flood discharge and controllable water level, comprising a gate, a gate side plate, a gate bottom plate, a pawl assembly, a ratchet, a hand control assembly and a hand control switch. The flap gate of the present application does not need to be manned. When the water level in front of the gate is level with the upper edge of the gate, the gate is in a flip critical state. When the water level in front of the gate is higher than the upper edge of the gate, the water torque is greater than the self-weight torque of the gate, the gate is automatically flipped and opened under the action of water pressure, and the gate starts to flow and discharge water. When the water discharge reaches a certain time, the water level in front of the gate decreases and is lower than the upper edge of the gate, the water torque is less than the self-weight torque of the gate, and the gate is automatically flipped and closed under the action of gravity, so that the water level in front of the gate can be controlled within the normal water storage level. When it is necessary to ensure maximum flood discharge, the pawl assembly is controlled through the hand control switch, so that the gate can only be opened in one direction under the action of water, and the gate can only be opened larger, thereby ensuring maximum flow.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of flood control and disaster reduction, and particularly relates to a water power self-control flap gate capable of automatic flood discharge and controllable water level. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, disasters such as extreme heavy rain caused by global climate change have occurred more and more frequently, and extreme rainstorm weather in China has increased significantly, and super-standard floods have occurred in different degrees across the country. Super-standard floods have become the main cause of reservoir overtopping and dam break. According to statistics, overtopping is the main cause of dam break in China, and overtopping dam break caused by super-standard floods accounts for more than 90% of the total overtopping dam break, which is directly related to the increasing disasters such as extreme heavy rain caused by global climate change. Small reservoirs account for more than 90% of the total, and once a reservoir breaks, it will cause huge loss of life and property and social adverse effects. Small reservoirs generally use open spillways, and once they encounter super-standard floods, the discharge capacity is insufficient, causing the water level of the reservoir to rise continuously, eventually overtopping and forming a dam break accident.

[0003] At present, most of the spillways of small reservoirs are formed by pouring concrete into fixed-height overflow channels, which are insufficient to meet the discharge requirements of super-standard floods in extreme weather. Therefore, under the condition of increasing extreme heavy rain, how to ensure that small reservoirs can flexibly and well resist super-standard floods has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a water power self-control flap gate capable of automatic flood discharge and controllable water level, which solves the problem of poor flood discharge capacity of small reservoir spillways.

[0005] A water power self-control flap gate capable of automatic flood discharge and controllable water level, comprising: a gate, a gate side plate and a gate bottom plate arranged in a spillway, and a control chamber arranged on the outer wall of the gate side plate;

[0006] Both ends of the gate are rotatably connected to the gate side plate through a gate shaft;

[0007] The control chamber is internally provided with a pawl assembly, a ratchet wheel and a hand control assembly, the ratchet wheel is rotatably connected to the gate shaft and movably connected to the pawl assembly, and the pawl assembly controls the one-way or two-way rotation of the ratchet wheel;

[0008] The hand control assembly is connected to the gate through the gate shaft and controls the rotation of the gate.

[0009] Further, the control chamber is enclosed by a control chamber side plate, a control chamber top plate and a control chamber bottom plate, a rotary damper is arranged outside the control chamber side plate, and a hand control switch is arranged on the control chamber top plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the above-mentioned pawl assembly includes a pawl, a pawl fixing shaft and a side connecting rod. The pawl is arranged between the two side connecting rods and the tail end of the pawl is connected to the pawl fixing shaft. The side connecting rod is connected to the pawl connecting rod, and the pawl connecting rod is slidably set on the top plate of the control room through a connecting rod positioning sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the above-mentioned hand control assembly includes a worm wheel, a worm and a handle connecting rod, the worm wheel and the worm are meshed, the worm is rotatably set on the bearing seat, one end of the worm is connected to the handle connecting rod through a universal joint, the handle connecting rod is set on the linear bearing fixing plate, and the linear bearing fixing plate is fixed on the lower wall of the control room top plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a ratchet and a worm wheel are sleeved on the gate shaft near the control chamber. The worm wheel is fixedly connected to the gate shaft through a first limiting sleeve, and the ratchet is fixedly connected to the gate shaft through a second limiting sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the end of the gate shaft is sleeved on the rotary damper.

[0014] Furthermore, the above-mentioned manual switch includes a vertical axis, a positioning rod, a third limit sleeve and an operating handle. The two ends of the vertical axis are respectively connected to the positioning rod and the bearing seat. The positioning rod is set on two third limit sleeves. The third limit sleeves are installed on the top plate of the control room. The operating handle is rotatably set on the positioning rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the cross-section of the gate along the water flow of the spillway is teardrop-shaped, and its large end is connected to the gate bottom plate; a counterweight hole and a mounting hole are provided on the gate, and the mounting hole is located at the middle and lower end of the gate.

[0016] Furthermore, a water stop ring and a sealing ring are sleeved on the gate shaft. The sealing ring is located inside the gate side plate, and the water stop ring is in close contact with the outer wall of the gate side plate.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of transverse support rods are provided between the oppositely arranged gate side plates.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The flap gate of the present invention does not require personnel on duty. The gate status is set according to the weather forecast before the flood occurs, and the gate can be automatically opened to discharge flood water under the action of water pressure, which greatly reduces the pressure on flood control staff.

[0020] (2) The flap gate of the present invention can manually control the degree of opening and closing of the gate, which is convenient for flexible regulation of different flood discharge volumes. At the same time, water flows with different flow rates also avoid siltation at the gate.

[0021] (3) The flap gate of the present invention has high reliability, and the overall structure is entirely mechanical, does not require power supply, and does not have electronic components and other precision equipment. It is suitable for harsh environments and is economical to manufacture.

[0022] (4) The present application is not only suitable for small reservoirs, but also suitable for small river channel water intake projects and landscape projects, etc., and has the beneficial effects of automatic flood discharge and unattended operation, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the gate and the ratchet wheel in the present application Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the gate and the ratchet wheel in the present application Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the control room in the present application Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the control room in the present application Figure 6 ;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the control room in the present application Figure 7 ;

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gate in the present application.

[0030] In the figure: 10-gate; 101-counterweight hole; 102-mounting hole; 103-gate shaft; 104-water stop ring; 105-bearing; 20-gate side plate; 201-transverse support rod; 30-gate bottom plate; 40-control room; 401-control room side plate; 402-control room top plate; 403-control room bottom plate; 404-rotary damper; 50-pawl assembly; 501-pawl; 502-pawl fixed shaft; 503-side connecting rod; 504-pawl connecting rod; 505-connecting rod positioning sleeve; 60-hand control assembly; 601-worm gear; 602-worm; 603-bearing seat; 604-universal connecting piece; 605-handle connecting rod; 606-linear bearing fixed plate; 70-ratchet wheel; 701-first limiting sleeve; 702-second limiting sleeve; 80-hand control switch; 801-vertical shaft; 802-positioning rod; 803-third limiting sleeve; 804-operation handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The principles and characteristics of the present application are described below in conjunction with the drawings, and the examples are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the scope of the present application.

[0032] REFERENCE Figure 2 WITHFigure 2 The present application provides a kind of automatic flood discharge and controllable water level's hydraulic self-control flap gate, comprising: gate 10, gate side plate 20, gate bottom plate 30 and control chamber 40 being arranged in the outer wall of gate side plate 20.

[0033] Gate 10 is rotationally arranged between two gate side plates 20, and the gate side plates 20 are installed on the two side walls of the reservoir spillway, and the gate bottom plate 30 is embedded in the bottom plate of the reservoir spillway, facilitating water flow.

[0034] The gate 10 is in the shape of a water droplet along the cross section of the spillway water flow, with a small end at the upper end and a large end at the lower end. The large end is thicker and connected to the gate bottom plate 30, while the small end is thinner and flush with the normal water level of the reservoir. The width of the gate 10 is consistent with the spillway, and the bottom elevation of the gate 10 is calculated based on the need to resist the super-standard flood through flood regulation calculation. The outer wall of the gate 10 is streamlined, which can minimize resistance and increase flood discharge capacity when the gate 10 is in a horizontal state.

[0035] The gate 10, gate side plate 20 and gate bottom plate 30 can be made of reinforced concrete or high-strength steel.

[0036] Reference Figure 7 With Figure 1 The gate 10 is provided with a counterweight hole 101, which is distributed along the height of the gate 10. By filling counterweight blocks in the counterweight hole 101, the center of gravity of the gate 10 can be changed, thereby controlling the critical water level when the gate 10 is opened and changing the reservoir discharge speed.

[0037] Two ends of the gate 10 are provided with mounting holes 102, which are located at the middle and lower ends of the gate 10. Bolts are connected to the gate shaft 103 in the mounting holes 102, and the other end of the gate shaft 103 is arranged in the gate side plate 20. The gate 10 and the gate side plate 20 are rotationally connected through the gate shaft 103.

[0038] To ensure that the water in the reservoir does not leak from the gate, rubber waterstop is provided at the junction of the gate 10 and the gate bottom plate 30, as well as the junction of the gate 10 and the gate side plate 20.

[0039] A bearing 105 is fitted on the gate shaft 103, which is rotationally arranged on the bearing seat. A water stop ring 104 is provided on the end face of the bearing seat. A sealing ring is fitted on the gate shaft 103, which is located inside the gate side plate 20. The water stop ring 104 tightly contacts the outer wall of the gate side plate 20, and the water stop ring 104 and the sealing ring can effectively prevent water from seeping into the gate side plate 20.

[0040] A plurality of transverse supporting rods 201 are arranged between the two oppositely arranged gate side plates 20, and the transverse supporting rods 201 are used for supporting the inner walls of the two gate side plates 20 to avoid deformation and displacement of the gate side plates 20.

[0041] With reference to Figures 3 to 6 The control chamber 40 is enclosed by a control chamber side plate 401, a control chamber top plate 402 and a control chamber bottom plate 403, and the control chamber side plate 401 is externally provided with a rotary damper 404, the end of the gate shaft 103 is sleeved on the rotary damper 404, and the rotary damper 404 is used for buffering the speed reduction of the gate 10 during opening and closing to prevent the gate 10 from being damaged and deformed due to too fast movement.

[0042] With reference to ​ The control chamber 40 is internally provided with a pawl assembly 50, a ratchet wheel 70 and a manual control assembly 60, and the top of the control chamber 40 is provided with a manual control switch 80. The manual control assembly 60 is connected with the gate 10 through the gate shaft 103 and controls the rotation of the gate 10.

[0043] The ratchet wheel 70 is rotationally connected to the gate shaft 103 and movably connected with the pawl assembly 50, and the pawl assembly 50 is used for controlling the one-way or two-way rotation of the ratchet wheel 70.

[0044] The gate shaft 103 near the side of the control chamber 40 is sleeved with the ratchet wheel 70 and a worm gear 601, the worm gear 601 is fixedly connected with the gate shaft 103 through a first limiting sleeve 701, and the ratchet wheel 70 is fixedly connected with the gate shaft 103 through a second limiting sleeve 702.

[0045] The pawl assembly 50 comprises a pawl 501, a pawl fixing shaft 502 and a side connecting rod 503. The pawl 501 is in an arc block structure and is located above the ratchet wheel 70 as a whole, the tail end thereof is rotationally connected to the pawl fixing shaft 502, the middle portion thereof is rotationally connected to the two side connecting rods 503 through two rotating round pins, and the two sides of the pawl 501 are located between the two side connecting rods 503. The two side connecting rods 503 are respectively and symmetrically fixed to the bottom of a pawl connecting rod 504, when the pawl connecting rod 504 moves downward, the side connecting rod 503 is pushed to move downward, thereby driving the pawl 501 to rotate around the pawl fixing shaft 502, and the end of the pawl 501 away from the pawl fixing shaft 502 is in contact with the ratchet wheel 70, at this time, the ratchet wheel 70 can only rotate in one direction, and the gate 10 can also only rotate in one direction. When the pawl connecting rod 504 moves upward, the side connecting rod 503 is pulled to move upward, thereby driving the pawl 501 to rotate around the pawl fixing shaft 502, and the end of the pawl 501 away from the pawl fixing shaft 502 is separated from the ratchet wheel 70, at this time, the ratchet wheel 70 can rotate in two directions, and the gate 10 can also rotate in two directions. The pawl connecting rod 504 passes through the control chamber top plate 402 and is slidably arranged on the control chamber top plate 402 through a connecting rod positioning sleeve 505, so that the pawl connecting rod 504 can only move upward and downward.

[0046] The hand control assembly 60 comprises a worm gear 601, a worm shaft 602 and a handle connecting rod 605, the worm shaft 602 is located above the worm gear 601 and is engaged with the worm gear 601, the worm shaft 602 is rotatably arranged on a bearing seat 603, the bearing seat 603 is fixed with a hand control switch 80, and the engagement or disengagement of the worm gear 601 and the worm shaft 602 is controlled through the hand control switch 80.

[0047] One end of the worm shaft 602 is connected with the handle connecting rod 605 through a universal connecting piece 604, when manual adjustment of the water discharge amount is needed, the handle connecting rod 605 is rotated, the handle connecting rod 605 drives the worm shaft 602 to rotate, the worm shaft 602 drives the worm gear 601 engaged therewith to rotate, the worm gear 601 drives the gate shaft 103 to rotate, and further drives the gate 10 to rotate.

[0048] The handle connecting rod 605 is arranged on a linear bearing fixing plate 606, and the linear bearing fixing plate 606 is fixed to the lower wall of the control chamber top plate 402.

[0049] The hand control switch 80 comprises a vertical shaft 801, a positioning rod 802, a third limiting sleeve 803 and an operation handle 804, both ends of the vertical shaft 801 are connected with the positioning rod 802 and the bearing seat 603 respectively, the outer wall of the vertical shaft 801 is sleeved with the third limiting sleeve 803, and the third limiting sleeve 803 is installed on the control chamber top plate 402; the positioning rod 802 is arranged on the two third limiting sleeves 803, the middle part of the positioning rod 802 is provided with a through hole, and the operation handle 804 is threadedly connected in the through hole, when the operation handle 804 is rotated, the positioning rod 802, the vertical shaft 801 and the worm shaft 602 below are all moved upward, so that the worm shaft 602 is separated from the worm gear 601.

[0050] When the worm shaft 602 is engaged with the worm gear 601, the gate 10 cannot be turned over under the action of water force and gravity, and can only be rotated by manual force or electric force to realize the opening and closing of the gate 10, when the worm shaft 602 is separated from the worm gear 601, the gate 10 can be turned over under the action of water force and gravity, and automatic flood discharge is realized.

[0051] The working principle of the present application is as follows:

[0052] According to hydrostatics, the total hydrostatic pressure action point of the vertical blocking horizontal gate is at a position of 1 / 3h from the bottom of the gate 10 (h is the gate water blocking height), therefore, the gate shaft 103 of the flap gate is designed at a position of about 1 / 3h close to the bottom of the gate, and the gate 10 is designed to be counterweighted so that the center of gravity of the gate 10 is slightly lower than the gate shaft. Under the above design condition, when the gate 10 blocks water, when the water level in front of the gate is lower than the upper edge of the gate 10, the gravity moment of the gate 10 is greater than the water pressure moment, and the gate 10 is in a closed state, when the water level in front of the gate is higher than the upper edge of the gate 10 by a certain height (the height can be artificially controlled), the water pressure moment is greater than the gravity moment of the gate 10, at this time, the gate 10 is turned over and starts to discharge.

[0053] When the water level in front of the gate is level with the upper edge of the gate 10 (the water level in front of the gate is higher than the upper edge of the gate by a certain height, which is controlled by the gate counterweight), the gate 10 is in a flip critical state; when the water level in front of the gate is higher than the upper edge of the gate 10, the water torque is greater than the self-weight torque of the gate 10, and the gate 10 is automatically flipped and opened under the action of water pressure, and the gate 10 starts to flow and discharge. When the discharge reaches a certain time, the water level in front of the gate decreases and is lower than the upper edge of the gate 10, at this time, the water torque is smaller than the self-weight torque of the gate 10, and the gate 10 is automatically flipped and closed under the action of gravity. Recycle, so as to control the water level in front of the gate at the normal water storage level. When it is necessary to ensure maximum flood discharge, the pawl assembly 50 is controlled so that the gate 10 can only be opened in one direction under the action of water, and the gate 10 can only be opened larger at this time, thereby ensuring maximum discharge.

[0054] At the same time, the gate can be controlled at any opening degree to meet the requirement of artificial control of any discharge amount.

[0055] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and these embodiments do not represent all possible forms of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is not limited to such specific descriptions and embodiments. Various other modifications and improvements made according to the technical inspirations disclosed in the present application without departing from the essence of the present application are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic self-controlled flap gate with automatic flood discharge and controllable water level, characterized in that: include: A gate (10), a gate side plate (20) and a gate bottom plate (30) arranged on the spillway, and a control room (40) arranged on the outer wall of the gate side plate (20); Both ends of the gate (10) are rotatably connected to the gate side plates (20) via gate shafts (103); A pawl assembly (50), a ratchet (70) and a hand control assembly (60) are provided inside the control chamber (40); the ratchet (70) is rotatably connected to the gate shaft (103) and is movably connected to the pawl assembly (50); the pawl assembly (50) controls the unidirectional or bidirectional rotation of the ratchet (70); The hand control assembly (60) is connected to the gate (10) via the gate shaft (103) and controls the rotation of the gate (10); The control room (40) is formed by a control room side panel (401), a control room top panel (402), and a control room bottom panel (403); a rotation damper (404) is provided on the outside of the control room side panel (401); and a manual switch (80) is provided on the control room top panel (402); The pawl assembly (50) comprises a pawl (501), a pawl fixing shaft (502) and a side connecting rod (503), wherein the pawl (501) is arranged between the two side connecting rods (503) and the tail end of the pawl (501) is connected to the pawl fixing shaft (502), the side connecting rod (503) is connected to the pawl connecting rod (504), and the pawl connecting rod (504) is slidably arranged on the control room top plate (402) via a connecting rod positioning sleeve (505); The hand control assembly (60) includes a worm wheel (601), a worm (602) and a handle connecting rod (605), wherein the worm wheel (601) is meshed with the worm (602), and the worm (602) is rotatably arranged on a bearing seat (603), and one end of the worm (602) is connected to the handle connecting rod (605) via a universal joint (604), and the handle connecting rod (605) is arranged on a linear bearing fixing plate (606), and the linear bearing fixing plate (606) is fixed to the lower wall of the control room top plate (402); A ratchet (70) and a worm wheel (601) are sleeved on the gate shaft (103) on the side close to the control chamber (40); the worm wheel (601) is fixedly connected to the gate shaft (103) via a first limiting sleeve (701); and the ratchet (70) is fixedly connected to the gate shaft (103) via a second limiting sleeve (702); The manual switch (80) comprises a vertical shaft (801), a positioning rod (802), a third limiting sleeve (803) and an operating handle (804), the two ends of the vertical shaft (801) are respectively connected to the positioning rod (802) and the bearing seat (603), the positioning rod (802) is arranged on two third limiting sleeves (803), the third limiting sleeves (803) are installed on the top plate (402) of the control room, and the operating handle (804) is rotatably arranged on the positioning rod (802); The gate (10) has a water drop-shaped cross section along the spillway water flow, and its large end is connected to the gate bottom plate (30); a counterweight hole (101) and a mounting hole (102) are provided on the gate (10), and the mounting hole (102) is located at the middle and lower end of the gate (10).

2. The hydraulic self-controlled flap gate with automatic flood discharge and water level control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The end of the gate shaft (103) is sleeved on the rotation damper (404).

3. The hydraulic self-controlled flap gate with automatic flood discharge and water level control according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: A water stop ring (104) and a sealing ring are sleeved on the gate shaft (103); the sealing ring is located inside the gate side plate (20); and the water stop ring (104) is in close contact with the outer wall of the gate side plate (20).

4. The hydraulic self-controlled flap gate with automatic flood discharge and water level control according to claim 3 is characterized by: A plurality of transverse support rods (201) are provided between the gate side plates (20) that are arranged opposite to each other.

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