A lubrication structure for an electric vehicle axle

Abstract

The present invention provides a lubrication structure for an electric vehicle axle, which includes a first housing, a second housing, an end cover, a bearing cover plate and a first oil collecting cover. The first housing and the second housing are adapted to form an input shaft cavity, an intermediate shaft cavity, a shift shaft cavity and an output shaft cavity. The input shaft cavity, the intermediate shaft cavity and the shift shaft cavity are communicated with each other, and the shift shaft cavity is communicated with the output shaft cavity. By making full use of the characteristic that the rotation of the gears agitates the lubricating oil, and by setting appropriate oil baffle plates, oil collecting covers and oil channels, the lubricating oil fills the entire power assembly, thereby completing the lubrication of the entire power assembly. The structure is simple and reliable, with small power consumption loss, and improves the transmission efficiency of the system. In this application, the oil pump is cancelled, which can save the housing space and materials, and has the advantages of compact structure and lightweight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automotive parts manufacturing, and particularly relates to a lubrication structure for an electric vehicle axle. Background Art

[0002] At present, the power system of a new energy electric vehicle axle generally consists of a motor, a reducer, a transmission, and a differential. Its structure is relatively compact, and there are multiple gears and bearings. Therefore, the power system of the electric vehicle axle often faces the problem of lubrication. Since the input shaft is at the end of the transmission system, when the number of gear transmission stages is large, the lubricating oil cannot lubricate the input shaft and the corresponding gears only through gear transmission. Although some existing vehicles adopt the method of adding a mechanical gear oil pump or an electronic oil pump for active lubrication to solve the lubrication problem. However, due to the addition of the oil pump, the power loss of the system is additionally increased, the transmission efficiency is reduced, and sufficient space must be reserved for the oil pump, which increases the volume and mass of the housing. When the oil pump fails, some gears cannot be effectively lubricated in time, seriously affecting driving safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the present invention provides a lubrication structure for an electric vehicle axle, which can overcome the defects in the prior art that due to the addition of an oil pump, the power loss of the transmission system is additionally increased, the transmission efficiency is reduced, and sufficient space must be reserved for the oil pump, which increases the volume and mass of the housing. When the oil pump fails, some gears cannot be effectively lubricated in time, seriously affecting driving safety.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a lubrication structure for an electric vehicle axle, including a first housing, a second housing, an end cover, a bearing cover plate, and a first oil collecting cover. The first housing is adapted to the second housing to form an input shaft cavity, an intermediate shaft cavity, a shift shaft cavity, and an output shaft cavity. The input shaft cavity, the intermediate shaft cavity, and the shift shaft cavity are communicated with each other, and the shift shaft cavity is communicated with the output shaft cavity.

[0005] An input shaft oil inlet passage, an input shaft oil outlet passage, a first intermediate shaft oil inlet passage, and an output shaft oil baffle are provided on the first housing. The input shaft oil inlet passage is located between the input shaft cavity and the intermediate shaft cavity. The input shaft oil outlet passage is located in the input shaft cavity. The first intermediate shaft oil inlet passage is located between the intermediate shaft cavity and the shift shaft cavity. The output shaft oil baffle is adapted to the first housing to form an oil storage cavity for storing lubricating oil. The lubricating oil flows from the oil storage cavity into the shift shaft cavity, enters the intermediate shaft cavity through the first intermediate shaft oil inlet passage, enters the input shaft cavity through the input shaft oil inlet passage, flows out through the input shaft oil outlet passage, and finally flows back to the oil storage cavity, so as to enable the lubricating oil to fill the inner space on the first housing side.

[0006] The second housing is provided with a communication oil passage, a second oil inlet passage for the intermediate shaft, an oil outlet passage for the intermediate shaft, an oil collecting passage for the shift shaft, an oil collecting plate for the shift shaft, and an oil inlet passage for the shift shaft. The oil collecting passage for the shift shaft is located at the gear meshing position between the intermediate shaft cavity and the shift shaft cavity. The lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity flows to the gear meshing position through the oil collecting passage for the shift shaft. The oil collecting plate for the shift shaft connects the oil inlet passage for the shift shaft and the second oil inlet passage for the intermediate shaft. The oil collecting plate for the shift shaft collects the lubricating oil at the gear meshing position, and a part of the lubricating oil flows into the intermediate shaft cavity through the second oil inlet passage for the intermediate shaft. The communication oil passage connects the intermediate shaft cavity and the input shaft cavity, and is used to adjust the amount of lubricating oil in the two cavities so as to fill the inner space on the side of the second housing with the lubricating oil.

[0007] The end cover is mounted on the second housing and is provided with an end cover oil passage. The end cover oil passage communicates with the oil inlet passage for the shift shaft. Another part of the lubricating oil collected by the oil collecting plate for the shift shaft at the gear meshing position flows into the end cover.

[0008] The bearing cover plate is mounted on the first housing and is located in the intermediate shaft cavity. The first oil collecting cover is arranged on the bearing cover plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first housing is further provided with a first oil collecting plate for the intermediate shaft. The first oil collecting plate for the intermediate shaft connects the vertical wall on the side close to the output shaft cavity of the first oil inlet passage for the intermediate shaft and extends towards the gear in the shift shaft cavity.

[0010] In some embodiments, the highest point position of the oil outlet passage for the input shaft is lower than the lowest point position of the oil inlet passage for the input shaft.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second housing is further provided with a second oil collecting plate for the intermediate shaft. One end of the second oil collecting plate for the intermediate shaft connects the vertical wall on the side close to the output shaft cavity of the second oil inlet passage for the intermediate shaft, and the other end connects the oil collecting plate for the shift shaft.

[0012] In some embodiments, the oil collecting plate for the shift shaft is of an L-shaped structure, including a vertical wall and a horizontal wall. The included angle between the horizontal wall and the horizontal direction is 3° to 10°.

[0013] In some embodiments, the lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle further includes a second oil collecting cover. The second oil collecting cover is arranged on the bearing cover plate opposite to the first oil collecting cover.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first oil collecting cover and the second oil collecting cover are provided with flanging structures so as to be able to surround the gear structure in the intermediate shaft cavity.

[0015] In some embodiments, the input shaft cavity is provided with reinforcing ribs.

[0016] A lubrication structure for an electric vehicle axle provided by the present invention makes full use of the characteristic that the rotation of gears agitates lubricating oil. By setting appropriate oil baffle plates, oil collecting covers and oil channels, the lubricating oil fills the entire power assembly, completing the lubrication of the entire power assembly. The structure is simple and reliable, with small power consumption loss, improving the transmission efficiency of the system. This application cancels the oil pump, which can save the housing space and materials, and has the advantages of compact structure and light weight. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the first housing assembly structure of the lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the second housing assembly structure of the lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a flow route diagram of the lubricating oil in the first housing of the lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a flow route diagram of the lubricating oil in the second housing of the lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a partial oil channel cross-sectional view of the lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the end cover structure of the lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The reference numerals are shown as:

[0025] 1. First housing; 11. Input shaft oil inlet channel; 111. Oil guiding notch; 12. Input shaft oil outlet channel; 13. Intermediate shaft first oil inlet channel; 14. Intermediate shaft first oil collecting plate; 15. Shift shaft oil baffle plate; 16. Output shaft oil baffle plate; 2. Second housing; 21. Connecting oil channel; 22. Intermediate shaft second oil inlet channel; 23. Intermediate shaft second oil collecting plate; 24. Intermediate shaft oil outlet channel; 25. Shift shaft oil collecting channel; 26. Shift shaft oil collecting plate; 27. Shift shaft oil inlet channel; 3. End cover; 31. End cover oil channel; 4. Bearing cover plate; 5. First oil collecting cover; 6. Second oil collecting cover; 71. Input shaft cavity; 711. Input shaft gear; 72. Intermediate shaft cavity; 721. Intermediate shaft first gear; 722. Intermediate shaft second gear; 73. Shift shaft cavity; 731. Shift shaft first gear; 732. Shift shaft second gear; 733. Shift shaft third gear; 74. Output shaft cavity; 741. Output shaft gear. Detailed implementation mode

[0026] With reference to Figures 1 to 7 as shown Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first housing assembly structure of the lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Set the X-axis direction in Figure 2 as the horizontal direction, the Z-axis direction as the vertical up and down direction, and the direction perpendicular to the paper surface as the Y-axis direction. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a lubrication structure for an electric vehicle axle is provided, including a first housing 1, a second housing 2, an end cover 3, a bearing cover plate 4, and a first oil collecting cover 5. The first housing 1 is adapted to the second housing 2 to form an input shaft cavity 71, an intermediate shaft cavity 72, a shift shaft cavity 73, and an output shaft cavity 74. The input shaft cavity 71, the intermediate shaft cavity 72, and the shift shaft cavity 73 are communicated, and the shift shaft cavity 73 is communicated with the output shaft cavity 74.

[0027] An input shaft oil inlet passage 11, an input shaft oil outlet passage 12, a first intermediate shaft oil inlet passage 13, and an output shaft oil baffle 16 are provided on the first housing 1. The input shaft oil inlet passage 11 is located between the input shaft cavity 71 and the intermediate shaft cavity 72. The input shaft oil outlet passage 12 is located in the input shaft cavity 71. The first intermediate shaft oil inlet passage 13 is located between the intermediate shaft cavity 72 and the shift shaft cavity 73. The output shaft oil baffle 16 is adapted to the first housing 1 to form an oil storage cavity for storing lubricating oil. The lubricating oil flows from the oil storage cavity into the shift shaft cavity 73, enters the intermediate shaft cavity 72 through the first intermediate shaft oil inlet passage 13, enters the input shaft cavity 71 through the input shaft oil inlet passage 11, and flows out through the input shaft oil outlet passage 12, and finally flows back to the oil storage cavity, so as to enable the lubricating oil to fill the internal space on the side of the first housing 1.

[0028] A communication oil passage 21, a second intermediate shaft oil inlet passage 22, an intermediate shaft oil outlet passage 24, a shift shaft oil collecting passage 25, a shift shaft oil collecting plate 26, and a shift shaft oil inlet passage 27 are provided on the second housing 2. The shift shaft oil collecting passage 25 is located at the gear meshing position between the intermediate shaft cavity 72 and the shift shaft cavity 73. The lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity flows to the gear meshing position through the shift shaft oil collecting passage 25. The shift shaft oil collecting plate 26 connects the shift shaft oil inlet passage 27 and the second intermediate shaft oil inlet passage 22. The shift shaft oil collecting plate 26 collects the lubricating oil at the gear meshing position. A part of the lubricating oil flows into the intermediate shaft cavity 72 through the second intermediate shaft oil inlet passage 22. The communication oil passage 21 communicates the intermediate shaft cavity 72 and the input shaft cavity 71 for adjusting the amount of lubricating oil in the two chambers, so as to enable the lubricating oil to fill the internal space on the side of the second housing 2.

[0029] The end cover 3 is installed on the second housing 2 and is provided with an end cover oil passage 31. The end cover oil passage 31 communicates with the shift shaft oil inlet passage 27, and the shift shaft oil collecting plate 26 collects another part of the lubricating oil at the gear meshing position and flows into the end cover 3.

[0030] The bearing cover plate 4 is installed on the first housing 1 and is located within the intermediate shaft cavity 72. The first oil collecting cover 5 is disposed on the bearing cover plate 4.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the first housing 1 is further provided with an intermediate shaft first oil collecting plate 14. The intermediate shaft first oil collecting plate 14 is connected to the vertical wall of the intermediate shaft first oil inlet passage 13 near the output shaft cavity 74 side and extends towards the gear within the shift shaft cavity 73.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the highest point position of the input shaft oil outlet passage 12 is lower than the lowest point position of the input shaft oil inlet passage 11.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, the second housing 2 is further provided with an intermediate shaft second oil collecting plate 23. One end of the intermediate shaft second oil collecting plate 23 is connected to the vertical wall of the intermediate shaft second oil inlet passage 22 near the output shaft cavity 74 side, and the other end is connected to the shift shaft oil collecting plate 26.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the shift shaft oil collecting plate 26 is an L-shaped structure, including a vertical wall and a horizontal wall. The included angle between the horizontal wall and the horizontal direction is 3° to 10°.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle further includes a second oil collecting cover 6. The second oil collecting cover 6 and the first oil collecting cover 5 are oppositely arranged on the bearing cover plate 4.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the first oil collecting cover 5 and the second oil collecting cover 6 are provided with flanging structures so as to be able to surround the gear structure within the intermediate shaft cavity 72.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the input shaft cavity 71 is provided with reinforcing ribs.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] As Figure 1 shown, a lubrication structure of an electric vehicle axle includes a first housing 1, a second housing 2, an end cover 3, a bearing cover plate 4, a first oil collecting cover 5 and a second oil collecting cover 6. An input shaft cavity 71, an intermediate shaft cavity 72, a shift shaft cavity 73 and an output shaft cavity 74 are provided between the first housing 1 and the second housing 2.

[0040] As Figure 2As shown, the first housing 1 is provided with reinforcing ribs at the input shaft cavity 71 to ensure the oil passage while increasing the support rigidity at the bearing. The first housing 1 is provided with bolt mounting holes at the intermediate shaft cavity 72 for mounting the bearing cover 4, the first oil collecting cover 5 and the second oil collecting cover 6. The first housing 1 is funnel-shaped at the shift shaft cavity 73 to collect the lubricating oil; the first housing 1 has a clearance of 2 mm to 5 mm from the output shaft gear 741 at the output shaft cavity 74.

[0041] As Figure 2 shown, the second housing 2 is funnel-shaped at the input shaft cavity 71 to collect the oil, and the minimum clearance from the input shaft gear 711 is 6 mm to 10 mm. The second housing 2 has a radial clearance of 4 mm to 8 mm from the intermediate shaft second gear 722 at the intermediate shaft cavity 72, and the second housing 2 has a radial clearance of 4 mm to 8 mm from the shift shaft second gear 732 at the shift shaft cavity 73. The second housing 2 has a radial clearance of 2 mm to 5 mm from the output shaft gear 741 at the output shaft cavity 74.

[0042] As Figure 3 shown, the first housing 1 is provided with an input shaft oil inlet passage 11, an input shaft oil outlet passage 12, an intermediate shaft first oil inlet passage 13, an intermediate shaft first oil collecting plate 14, a shift shaft oil baffle 15 and an output shaft oil baffle 16. The input shaft oil inlet passage 11, the input shaft oil outlet passage 12, the intermediate shaft first oil inlet passage 13, the intermediate shaft first oil collecting plate 14, the shift shaft oil baffle 15 and the output shaft oil baffle 16 are all cast on the first housing.

[0043] As Figure 3 shown, the second housing 2 is provided with a connecting oil passage 21, an intermediate shaft second oil inlet passage 22, an intermediate shaft second oil collecting plate 23, an intermediate shaft oil outlet passage 24, a shift shaft oil collecting passage 25, a shift shaft oil collecting plate 26 and a shift shaft oil inlet passage 27; the connecting oil passage 21, the intermediate shaft second oil inlet passage 22, the intermediate shaft second oil collecting plate 23, the intermediate shaft oil outlet passage 24, the shift shaft oil collecting passage 25, the shift shaft oil collecting plate 26 and the shift shaft oil inlet passage 27 are all cast on the second housing 2.

[0044] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the input shaft oil inlet passage 11 and the input shaft oil outlet passage 12 are arranged in the input shaft cavity 71; the intermediate shaft first oil inlet passage 13, the intermediate shaft first oil collecting plate 14, the intermediate shaft second oil inlet passage 22, the intermediate shaft second oil collecting plate 23, and the intermediate shaft oil outlet passage 24 are arranged in the intermediate shaft cavity 72; the shift shaft oil baffle 15, the shift shaft oil collecting passage 25, the shift shaft oil collecting plate 26, and the shift shaft oil inlet passage 27 are arranged in the shift shaft cavity 73; the output shaft oil baffle 16 is arranged in the output shaft cavity 74.

[0045] As Figure 7 shown, an end cover oil passage 31 is provided on the end cover 3 and is installed on the first housing 1 through bolts.

[0046] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, the bearing cover plate 4 is installed on the first housing 1, the first oil collecting cover 5 and the second oil collecting cover 6 are installed on the bearing cover plate 4, and the bearing cover plate 4, the first oil collecting cover 5 and the second oil collecting cover 6 are all installed on the first housing 1 through bolts; the input shaft oil inlet passage 11 is in a horn shape, and the included angle with the horizontal direction is 3° to 10°, and the clearance with the rim of the intermediate shaft first gear 721 is 2 mm to 5 mm. The highest point position of the input shaft oil outlet passage 12 is lower than the lowest point position of the input shaft oil inlet passage 11. The intermediate shaft first oil inlet passage 13 has an included angle of 3° to 10° with the horizontal direction and is connected to the intermediate shaft first oil collecting plate 14. The radial clearance between the intermediate shaft first oil collecting plate 14 and the rim of the shift shaft first gear 731 is 2 mm to 5 mm. The shift shaft oil baffle 15 is concentric with the shift shaft first gear 731, and the radial clearance is 2 mm to 5 mm. The output shaft oil baffle 16 is concentric with the output shaft gear 741, and the radial clearance is 2 mm to 5 mm.

[0047] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, the inner diameter of the bearing cover plate 4 is concentric with the first intermediate shaft gear 721. The first oil collecting cover 5 is installed below the bearing cover plate 4 by bolts, concentric with the first intermediate shaft gear 721, and the radial clearance is 2 mm to 5 mm. The clearance between the top end of one side of the first oil collecting cover 5 and the oil inlet passage 11 of the input shaft is 2 mm to 5 mm. The second oil collecting cover 6 is installed above the bearing cover plate 4 by bolts. The radial clearance between the second oil collecting cover 6 and the first intermediate shaft gear 721 increases from small to large. The clearance between the rim of the first intermediate shaft gear 721 and the side away from the oil inlet passage 11 of the input shaft is 3 mm to 5 mm, and the clearance between the rim of the first intermediate shaft gear 721 and the side close to the oil inlet passage 11 of the input shaft is 5 mm to 8 mm. The oil inlet passage 11 of the input shaft is provided with an oil guiding notch 111, and the oil guiding notch 111 can be formed by machining or directly casting. The clearance between one end of the second oil collecting cover 6 and the oil guiding notch 111 on the oil inlet passage 11 of the input shaft is 2 mm to 5 mm. The first oil collecting cover 5 and the second oil collecting cover 6 are provided with flanging structures that can wrap the intermediate shaft gear.

[0048] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 shown, the connecting oil passage 21 communicates the input shaft cavity 71 and the intermediate shaft cavity 72 and is located below the input shaft cavity 71 and the intermediate shaft cavity 72. The second intermediate shaft oil inlet passage 22 is located above the opposite side of the connecting oil passage 21, and the included angle with the horizontal direction is 20° to 50°. The second intermediate shaft oil collecting plate 23 is connected to the bottom edge of the second intermediate shaft oil inlet passage 22 and is arranged in parallel with the second intermediate shaft oil inlet passage 22. The intermediate shaft oil outlet passage 24 is located below the opposite side of the connecting oil passage 21, and the lowest point is higher than the highest point of the connecting oil passage 21.

[0049] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 shown, the oil collecting passage 25 of the shift shaft has an included angle of 3° to 10° with the X-direction horizontal, and the inside of the oil passage is inclined downward, with an included angle of 3° to 10° with the Y-direction. One end of the oil collecting passage 25 of the shift shaft opens towards the second shift shaft gear 732, and the radial clearance is 1 mm to 5 mm. The other end opens towards the meshing point of the second intermediate shaft gear 722 and the third shift shaft gear 733. The shift shaft oil collecting plate 26 is in an L-shaped structure, and the radial clearance between the shift shaft oil collecting plate 26 and the rim of the third shift shaft gear 733 is 1 mm to 5 mm. The bottom edge of the L-shaped structure has an included angle of 3° to 10° with the X-direction horizontal and is inclined downward, with an included angle of 3° to 10° with the Y-axis direction. The vertical side of the L-shaped structure intersects with the second intermediate shaft oil collecting plate 23. The shift shaft oil inlet passage 27 is located at the end of the shift shaft oil collecting plate 26. The shift shaft oil inlet passage 27 and the second intermediate shaft oil collecting plate 23 are arranged in a V-shaped pattern and are communicated with the end cover oil passage 31 provided on the end cover.

[0050] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0051] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown, the first shift shaft gear 731, the second shift shaft gear 732 and the third shift shaft gear 733 are coaxial, the first intermediate shaft gear 721 and the second intermediate shaft gear 722 are coaxial, the output shaft gear 741 meshes with the first shift shaft gear 731, the first intermediate shaft gear 721 meshes with the second shift shaft gear 732, and the second intermediate shaft gear 722 meshes with the third shift shaft gear 733 and the input shaft gear 711 respectively.

[0052] As Figure 4 , Figure 5 shown, the initial position of the gear oil is located in the output shaft cavity. On the first housing side, the gear oil is agitated by the output shaft gear 741. The gear oil moves along the output shaft oil baffle 16 to reach the first shift shaft gear 731. Part of the gear oil is agitated by the first shift shaft gear 731, and the other part accumulates at the bottom of the shift shaft cavity 73. The gear oil agitated by the first shift shaft gear 731 is collected by the shift shaft oil baffle 15, so that the gear oil is collected at the funnel-shaped structure of the shift shaft cavity 73. The gear oil will flow along the wall of the shift shaft cavity 73 to the bearing respectively. The oil at this place flows out through the bearing gap. Since the shift shaft cavity 73 and the output shaft cavity 74 are not completely independent closed areas, the oil flows directly into the output shaft cavity 74 after flowing out, and is collected by the first intermediate shaft oil collecting plate 14 and enters the intermediate shaft cavity 72 through the first intermediate shaft oil inlet passage 13 to lubricate the bearing at this place. The oil flows out through the bearing gap and is collected by the first oil collecting cover 5 after flowing out. The gear oil accumulated at the bottom of the shift shaft cavity 73 is agitated by the second shift shaft gear 732. The second shift shaft gear 732 meshes with the first intermediate shaft gear 721, and the gear oil reaches the first intermediate shaft gear 721 through meshing. During the rotation of the first intermediate shaft gear 721, it is collected by the first oil collecting cover 5 and the second oil collecting cover 6. The first oil collecting cover 5 collects the bottom gear oil and guides it to the input shaft oil inlet passage 11, and the second oil collecting cover 6 collects the top gear oil and guides it to the oil guiding notch 111, and finally enters the input shaft oil inlet passage 11. The gear oil will lubricate the input shaft bearing on the first housing side and flow out through the input shaft oil outlet passage 12. After flowing out, it enters the intermediate shaft cavity 72. The input shaft oil outlet passage 12 is communicated with the intermediate shaft cavity 72, and the intermediate shaft cavity 72 is communicated with the shift shaft cavity 73. When the lubricating oil in the shift shaft cavity 73 is too much, it will flow into the output shaft cavity 74 beyond the edge of the shift shaft cavity 73.

[0053] On the second housing side, the gear oil is agitated by the output shaft gear 741. The gear oil moves along the output shaft oil baffle 16 to reach the first shift shaft gear 731. The gear oil accumulates at the bottom of the shift shaft cavity 73 and is agitated by the second shift shaft gear 732. During the rotation of the second shift shaft gear 732, the gear oil is collected by the shift shaft oil collecting channel 25 and flows along the oil channel to the meshing point of the second intermediate shaft gear 722 and the third shift shaft gear 733. During the rotation of the third shift shaft gear 733, a part of the gear oil is collected by the shift shaft oil collecting plate 26 and flows along the shift shaft oil inlet channel 27 to the end cover oil channel 31, and finally lubricates the bearing at the end cover 3. No oil return channel is provided on the bearing cover, and it flows out through the bearing gap. After flowing out, it enters the intermediate shaft cavity 72. The intermediate shaft cavity 72 communicates with the shift shaft cavity 73. When there is too much lubricating oil in the shift shaft cavity 73, it will flow into the output shaft cavity 74 beyond the edge of the shift shaft cavity 73. Another part of the gear oil is thrown by the third shift shaft gear 733 along the gear helix angle to the wall of the intermediate shaft cavity 72, and this part of the lubricating oil enters the second intermediate shaft oil inlet channel 22 through the second intermediate shaft oil collecting plate 23. The second housing is funnel-shaped at the input shaft cavity 71, and the gear oil can flow along the helix angle of the input shaft gear 711 to the bottom of the funnel to lubricate the input shaft bearing on the second housing side. A connecting oil channel 21 and an intermediate shaft oil outlet channel 24 are provided at the bottom of the input shaft cavity 71 and the intermediate shaft cavity 72. The oil fluid enters the intermediate shaft cavity 72 from the second intermediate shaft oil inlet channel 22, and the oil fluid balance between the intermediate shaft cavity 72 and the input shaft cavity 71 is adjusted through the connecting oil channel 21. Finally, the oil fluid flows into the shift shaft cavity 73 and the intermediate shaft cavity 72 from the intermediate shaft oil outlet channel 24 and finally flows back into the output shaft cavity 74.

[0054] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above is only the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and variations can be made, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lubrication structure for an electric vehicle axle, characterized in that, It includes a first housing (1), a second housing (2), an end cover (3), a bearing cover plate (4) and a first oil collecting cover (5). The first housing (1) and the second housing (2) are adapted to form an input shaft cavity (71), an intermediate shaft cavity (72), a shift shaft cavity (73) and an output shaft cavity (74). The input shaft cavity (71), the intermediate shaft cavity (72) and the shift shaft cavity (73) are communicated with each other, and the shift shaft cavity (73) is communicated with the output shaft cavity (74). An input shaft oil inlet passage (11), an input shaft oil outlet passage (12), a first intermediate shaft oil inlet passage (13) and an output shaft oil baffle (16) are provided on the first housing (1). The input shaft oil inlet passage (11) is located between the input shaft cavity (71) and the intermediate shaft cavity (72). The input shaft oil outlet passage (12) is located in the input shaft cavity (71). The first intermediate shaft oil inlet passage (13) is located between the intermediate shaft cavity (72) and the shift shaft cavity (73). The output shaft oil baffle (16) and the first housing (1) are adapted to form an oil storage cavity for storing lubricating oil. The lubricating oil flows from the oil storage cavity into the shift shaft cavity (73), enters the intermediate shaft cavity (72) through the first intermediate shaft oil inlet passage (13), enters the input shaft cavity (71) through the input shaft oil inlet passage (11), flows out through the input shaft oil outlet passage (12), and finally flows back to the oil storage cavity, so as to enable the lubricating oil to fill the inner space on the side of the first housing (1). A connecting oil passage (21), a second intermediate shaft oil inlet passage (22), an intermediate shaft oil outlet passage (24), a shift shaft oil collecting passage (25), a shift shaft oil collecting plate (26) and a shift shaft oil inlet passage (27) are provided on the second housing (2). The shift shaft oil collecting passage (25) is located at the gear meshing part between the intermediate shaft cavity (72) and the shift shaft cavity (73). The lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity flows to the gear meshing part through the shift shaft oil collecting passage (25). The shift shaft oil collecting plate (26) connects the shift shaft oil inlet passage (27) and the second intermediate shaft oil inlet passage (22). The shift shaft oil collecting plate (26) collects the lubricating oil at the gear meshing part. A part of the lubricating oil flows into the intermediate shaft cavity (72) through the second intermediate shaft oil inlet passage (22). The connecting oil passage (21) communicates the intermediate shaft cavity (72) and the input shaft cavity (71) for adjusting the amount of lubricating oil in the two cavities, so as to enable the lubricating oil to fill the inner space on the side of the second housing (2). The end cover (3) is installed on the second housing (2) and is provided with an end cover oil passage (31). The end cover oil passage (31) communicates with the shift shaft oil inlet passage (27). Another part of the lubricating oil collected by the shift shaft oil collecting plate (26) at the gear meshing part flows into the end cover (3). The bearing cover plate (4) is installed on the first housing (1) and is located in the intermediate shaft cavity (72). The first oil collecting cover (5) is provided on the bearing cover plate (4).

2. The lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, An intermediate shaft first oil collecting plate (14) is further provided on the first housing (1). The intermediate shaft first oil collecting plate (14) is connected to the vertical wall of the intermediate shaft first oil inlet passage (13) on the side close to the output shaft cavity (74), and extends towards the gears in the shift shaft cavity (73).

3. The lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The highest point position of the input shaft oil outlet passage (12) is lower than the lowest point position of the input shaft oil inlet passage (11).

4. The lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, An intermediate shaft second oil collecting plate (23) is further provided on the second housing (2). One end of the intermediate shaft second oil collecting plate (23) is connected to the vertical wall of the intermediate shaft second oil inlet passage (22) on the side close to the output shaft cavity (74), and the other end is connected to the shift shaft oil collecting plate (26).

5. The lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that The shift shaft oil collecting plate (26) has an L-shaped structure, including a vertical wall and a horizontal wall, and the included angle between the horizontal wall and the horizontal direction is 3° to 10°.

6. The lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a second oil collecting cover (6), and the second oil collecting cover (6) and the first oil collecting cover (5) are oppositely arranged on the bearing cover plate (4).

7. The lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first oil collecting cover (5) and the second oil collecting cover (6) are provided with flanging structures so as to be able to surround the gear structure in the intermediate shaft cavity (72).

8. The lubrication structure of the electric vehicle axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Reinforcing ribs are provided in the input shaft cavity (71).

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