A cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor

Abstract

A cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor belongs to the technical field of linear motors. The inner surfaces of the yokes of the first and second primary cores are each provided with four primary salient pole teeth. The first and second primary cores are fixedly connected and have a 60° difference in mounting angle. One pair of primary salient pole teeth of the first and second primary cores overlap, while the other pair is staggered. The excitation winding is mounted on the overlapping primary salient pole teeth, and the armature winding is mounted on the staggered primary salient pole teeth. The outer surface of the yoke of the first secondary core is provided with six secondary teeth. Four secondary rectangular slots are formed on the end surface of the yoke of the first secondary core, into which permanent magnets are embedded. Multiple secondary cores, one and two, are alternately arranged and coaxially fixed. A secondary core is fixedly mounted on the cylindrical shaft. The primary core is sheathed outside the secondary core, with an air gap between the primary and secondary salient pole teeth. In the initial position, the primary salient pole teeth of the first primary core are aligned with the secondary salient pole teeth. The motor of the present invention uses a small amount of permanent magnets, has a high permanent magnet utilization rate, and has low magnetic flux leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of linear motors, and in particular relates to a cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor. Background Art

[0002] With the emergence of rare earth NdFeB permanent magnet materials and their improved cost-effectiveness, permanent magnet linear motors are becoming increasingly popular, offering advantages such as high thrust and reliability. Currently, most permanent magnet linear motors are longitudinal flux motors, where the plane of the primary magnetic flux is parallel to the direction of secondary motion, making it difficult to address the issue of space competition in the tooth slots. Furthermore, existing transverse permanent magnet linear motors also suffer from the large number of permanent magnets used, low motor thrust density, and difficulty adjusting the air gap magnetic field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor to improve the thrust density of the motor, reduce the amount of permanent magnets used, and make the air gap magnetic field adjustable.

[0004] The cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor of the present invention is a transverse flux motor, in which the plane of its magnetic lines of force is perpendicular to the direction of secondary motion, thus resolving the problem of competition for tooth slot space. Furthermore, the present invention provides a novel hybrid excitation structure for a permanent magnet linear motor, resolving the issues of large permanent magnet usage and difficulty adjusting the air gap magnetic field in existing transverse permanent magnet linear motors. Considering the heat dissipation of the motor, if natural cooling is used, poor heat dissipation will reduce the motor's output thrust. Therefore, a cooling water circuit is provided in the non-magnetic ring to cool the motor and improve the electrical density and thrust density.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor includes a primary motor structure and a secondary motor structure, both of which are cylindrical in shape. The primary motor structure includes a primary iron core and six windings, wherein the primary iron core includes a primary iron core 1 and a primary iron core 2, and the six windings are four armature windings and two electric excitation windings. The secondary motor structure includes a cylindrical shaft, a secondary iron core, and a plurality of permanent magnets, wherein the secondary iron core includes a plurality of secondary iron cores 1 and a plurality of secondary iron cores 2.

[0007] The inner circular surface of the yoke of the primary iron core 1 and the primary iron core 2 is provided with four primary salient pole teeth, and the four primary salient pole teeth are arranged opposite to each other in pairs. The primary iron core 1 and the primary iron core 2 are coaxially fixed and connected front to back, and the installation angles differ by 60°. One pair of primary salient pole teeth of the primary iron core 1 and the primary iron core 2 overlap, and the other pair of primary salient pole teeth are staggered. The electric excitation winding is installed on the overlapping primary salient pole teeth, and the armature winding is installed on the staggered primary salient pole teeth; the outer circular surface of the yoke of each secondary iron core 1 is provided with six secondary salient pole teeth, each Four secondary rectangular slots are opened on the end face of the yoke of the secondary iron core 1, and the four secondary rectangular slots are arranged opposite to each other in pairs. Permanent magnets are embedded in the secondary rectangular slots. Multiple secondary iron cores 1 and multiple secondary iron cores 2 are alternately arranged in front and back sequence and coaxially fixedly connected. The six secondary salient pole teeth of the multiple secondary iron cores 1 are arranged opposite each other. The secondary iron core is fixed on the cylindrical shaft. The primary structure of the motor is mounted on the outside of the secondary iron core. An air gap is provided between the secondary salient pole teeth of the secondary iron core and the primary salient pole teeth of the primary iron core; in the initial position, the primary salient pole teeth of the primary iron core 1 are aligned with the secondary salient pole teeth.

[0008] Furthermore, the primary core 1, the primary core 2, the secondary core 1 and the secondary core 2 are all formed by laminating silicon steel sheets that are insulated from each other.

[0009] Furthermore, the four armature windings are two armature windings one and two armature windings two, and the armature winding one is installed on the two primary salient pole teeth on the primary iron core one that are staggered in position, and the armature winding two is installed on the two primary salient pole teeth on the primary iron core two that are staggered in position.

[0010] Furthermore, the magnetic flux circuit generated by the permanent magnet is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the N pole of the permanent magnet, passes through the secondary core yoke to the secondary salient pole tooth, passes through the air gap between the primary salient pole tooth and the secondary salient pole tooth to reach the primary salient pole tooth, then passes through the primary core yoke to reach another primary salient pole tooth adjacent to the primary salient pole tooth, passes through the air gap and the secondary salient pole tooth, and finally returns to the S pole of the permanent magnet via the secondary core yoke;

[0011] The magnetic flux generated by the winding has the following magnetic flux circuit: the magnetic flux starts from the winding, passes through the primary salient pole teeth on which the winding is installed and the air gap to reach the secondary salient pole teeth, and then splits into two paths. The two paths of magnetic flux pass through the two permanent magnets arranged on both sides of the secondary salient pole teeth to reach the secondary salient pole teeth adjacent to the two permanent magnets, then pass through the air gap to reach the primary salient pole teeth, and return to the winding through the primary core yoke;

[0012] The magnetic flux loop generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic flux loop generated by the winding together constitute the main magnetic flux loop of the motor, and the main magnetic flux loop of the motor is perpendicular to the movement direction of the secondary structure of the motor.

[0013] A cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor comprises a motor secondary structure and an m-phase motor primary structure, both of which are cylindrical in shape, where m represents the number of motor phases and is ≥ 2. Each single-phase motor primary structure comprises a primary iron core and six windings, wherein the primary iron cores include primary iron core 1 and primary iron core 2, and the six windings are four armature windings and two excitation windings. The motor secondary structure comprises a cylindrical shaft, a secondary iron core, and a plurality of permanent magnets, wherein the secondary iron cores include multiple secondary iron cores 1 and multiple secondary iron cores 2.

[0014] The inner circular surface of the yoke of the primary core 1 and the primary core 2 is provided with four primary salient pole teeth, and the four primary salient pole teeth are arranged opposite to each other in pairs. The primary core 1 and the primary core 2 are coaxially fixed and connected front to back, and the installation angles differ by 60°. One pair of primary salient pole teeth of the primary core 1 and the primary core 2 overlap, and the other pair of primary salient pole teeth are staggered. The electric excitation winding is installed on the overlapping primary salient pole teeth, and the armature winding is installed on the staggered primary salient pole teeth; the outer circular surface of each secondary core 1 yoke is provided with six secondary salient pole teeth, and the end face of each secondary core 1 yoke is provided with four secondary rectangular slots. The four secondary rectangular slots are arranged opposite to each other in pairs, and permanent magnets are embedded in the secondary rectangular slots. Multiple secondary iron cores 1 and multiple secondary iron cores 2 are alternately arranged in front and back and fixedly connected coaxially. The six secondary salient pole teeth of the multiple secondary iron cores 1 are arranged opposite each other, and the secondary iron cores are fixedly mounted on the cylindrical shaft. The primary structure of the m-phase motor is mounted on the outside of the secondary iron core, and an air gap is provided between the secondary salient pole teeth of the secondary iron core and the primary salient pole teeth of the primary iron core; the primary structures of each adjacent two single-phase motors are staggered by a distance of 2τ / m in the axial direction, where τ represents the pole pitch; in the initial position, the primary salient pole teeth of the primary iron core 1 are aligned with the secondary salient pole teeth.

[0015] Furthermore, the primary core 1, the primary core 2, the secondary core 1 and the secondary core 2 are all formed by laminating silicon steel sheets that are insulated from each other.

[0016] Furthermore, the four armature windings are two armature windings one and two armature windings two, and the armature winding one is installed on the two primary salient pole teeth on the primary iron core one that are staggered in position, and the armature winding two is installed on the two primary salient pole teeth on the primary iron core two that are staggered in position.

[0017] Furthermore, the magnetic flux circuit generated by the permanent magnet is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the N pole of the permanent magnet, passes through the secondary core yoke to the secondary salient pole tooth, passes through the air gap between the primary salient pole tooth and the secondary salient pole tooth to reach the primary salient pole tooth, then passes through the primary core yoke to reach another primary salient pole tooth adjacent to the primary salient pole tooth, passes through the air gap and the secondary salient pole tooth, and finally returns to the S pole of the permanent magnet via the secondary core yoke;

[0018] The magnetic flux loop generated by the winding is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the winding, passes through the primary salient pole teeth where the winding is installed and the air gap to reach the secondary salient pole teeth, and then splits into two paths. The two magnetic fluxes pass through the two permanent magnets arranged on both sides of the secondary salient pole teeth to reach the secondary salient pole teeth adjacent to the two permanent magnets, then pass through the air gap to reach the primary salient pole teeth, and return to the winding through the primary core yoke;

[0019] The magnetic flux loop generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic flux loop generated by the winding together constitute the main magnetic flux loop of the motor, and the main magnetic flux loop of the motor is perpendicular to the movement direction of the secondary structure of the motor.

[0020] Furthermore, a non-magnetic ring is fixedly installed between the primary structures of each two adjacent single-phase motors, and two water channel grooves are symmetrically provided on the end faces of both sides of the non-magnetic ring. Two cooling water channels are matched in the water channel grooves of multiple non-magnetic rings. The two cooling water channels are symmetrically arranged and constitute a dual-channel parallel water channel.

[0021] Furthermore, the cooling water channel is composed of multiple groups of arc water channels and multiple U-shaped water channels. The multiple groups of arc water channels are arranged in parallel. The number of groups of arc water channels is the same as the number of non-magnetic rings. Each group of arc water channels includes two arc water channels. One end of the two arc water channels is connected to both ends of the U-shaped water channel. Every two adjacent groups of arc water channels are connected through the U-shaped water channel.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention relative to the prior art are:

[0023] 1. The primary core and secondary core of the motor are made of laminated silicon steel sheets that are insulated from each other, which greatly reduces the iron loss caused by eddy current and reduces the heating of the core.

[0024] 2. The permanent magnet is embedded in the secondary core. Compared with the traditional permanent magnet synchronous linear motor, the present invention uses less permanent magnets and has a high utilization rate. In addition, the permanent magnet does not directly contact the air gap, which can protect the permanent magnet.

[0025] 3. An electric excitation winding is installed on the overlapping primary salient pole teeth. The size of the air gap magnetic field can be adjusted through the electric excitation winding, which solves the problem that the air gap magnetic field of the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor is difficult to adjust, and the motor thrust density is large (in the traditional longitudinal flux linear motor, the primary tooth width and slot width are in the same cross-section, and the tooth width (longitudinal) and the slot width (longitudinal) restrict each other. If you want to increase the tooth width, the slot width must be reduced; if you want to increase the slot width, the tooth width must be reduced. However, in the transverse flux linear motor of the present invention, the planes where the primary salient pole tooth width (longitudinal) and the primary slot width (transverse) are located are perpendicular to each other, and there is no competitive relationship between the two. Therefore, either one of them can be increased to improve the motor thrust density).

[0026] 4. Use cooling water circuits to cool the motor and keep it at a lower temperature rise. The water cooling system allows the motor to select a higher electromagnetic load. The cooling water circuit uses parallel water circuits, which have a larger heat dissipation area, a simple structure, and are easy to process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is an axonometric view of a cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor of the present invention, which is a hybrid excitation axial single-phase linear motor;

[0028] Figure 2 It is the main view of the primary core 1;

[0029] Figure 3 This is the main view of the primary core 2;

[0030] Figure 4 It is the main view of the secondary core 1;

[0031] Figure 5 It is the main view of the secondary core 2;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit formed by the magnetic flux when the magnetic resistance of the primary core is the smallest;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the primary core 2 under the magnetic circuit when the magnetic resistance of the primary core 1 is the smallest;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic flux when the magnetic resistance of the primary core is the smallest;

[0035] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the primary core 1 under the magnetic circuit when the magnetic resistance of the primary core 2 is the smallest;

[0036] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram showing the weakening of the magnetic circuit under the action of the field winding when the two armature windings are working;

[0037] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit enhancement under the action of the electromagnetic excitation winding when the two armature windings are working;

[0038] Figure 12 This is an axonometric view of a cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor of the present invention, which is a hybrid excitation axial three-phase linear motor containing a non-magnetic ring;

[0039] Figure 13 This is an axonometric view of a cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor of the present invention, which is a hybrid excitation axial three-phase linear motor without a non-magnetic ring;

[0040] Figure 14 This is an axonometric drawing of the assembly of the non-magnetic ring and the cooling water channel;

[0041] Figure 15 It is an axonometric drawing of two symmetrically arranged cooling water channels.

[0042] The names and reference numerals of the components in the above drawings are as follows:

[0043] Motor primary structure 1, primary iron core 1 2, primary iron core 2 3, electric excitation winding 4, motor secondary structure 5, secondary rectangular slot 6, secondary iron core 1 7, non-magnetic ring 8, water channel slot 9, cooling water channel 10, primary salient pole teeth 11, cylindrical shaft 12, permanent magnet 13, secondary salient pole teeth 14, U-shaped water channel 15, arc-shaped water channel 16, path 1 17, path 2 18, secondary iron core 2 19, armature winding 1 20, armature winding 2 21. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Specific implementation method 1: Figures 1-11 As shown, this embodiment discloses a cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor, including a motor primary structure 1 and a motor secondary structure 5, both of which are cylindrical in shape; the motor primary structure 1 includes a primary iron core and six windings, the primary iron core including a primary iron core 2 and a primary iron core 3 (both have the same structure and a width of τ, where τ represents the pole pitch), and the six windings are four armature windings and two electric excitation windings 4; the motor secondary structure 5 includes a cylindrical shaft 12, a secondary iron core, and a plurality of permanent magnets 13, the secondary iron core including a plurality of secondary iron cores 1 7 (with the same structure) and a plurality of secondary iron cores 2 19 (with the same structure);

[0045] The inner circular surface of the yoke of the primary iron core 1 2 and the primary iron core 2 3 is provided with four primary salient pole teeth 11, and the four primary salient pole teeth 11 are arranged opposite to each other in pairs. The primary iron core 1 2 and the primary iron core 2 3 are coaxially fixedly connected front to back (fixed in a stacking manner), and the installation angles differ by 60°. One pair of the primary salient pole teeth 11 of the primary iron core 1 2 and the primary iron core 2 3 overlap (are arranged opposite each other), and the other pair of primary salient pole teeth 11 are staggered (that is, they are staggered so that every two adjacent primary salient pole teeth 11 of the six primary salient pole teeth 11 of the primary structure 1 of the motor provide a loop for the transverse magnetic flux). The electric excitation winding 4 is installed on the overlapping primary salient pole teeth 11, and the armature winding is installed on the staggered primary salient pole teeth 11; six secondary salient pole teeth 14 are arranged on the outer circular surface of the yoke of each secondary iron core 1 7, and four secondary rectangular slots 6 are opened on the end face of the yoke of each secondary iron core 1 7, and the four secondary rectangular slots 6 are arranged opposite to each other in pairs. (Four secondary rectangular slots 6 are arranged on the end face of the yoke of the secondary iron core 1 7, and are located on both sides of a pair of primary salient pole teeth 11 where the primary iron core 1 2 and the primary iron core 2 3 overlap), the permanent magnet 13 is embedded in the secondary rectangular slot 6, and multiple secondary iron cores 1 7 and multiple secondary iron cores 2 19 are alternately arranged in front and back and coaxially fixedly connected (fixed connection is achieved by stacking), the six secondary salient pole teeth 14 of the multiple secondary iron cores 1 7 are arranged opposite each other, and the secondary iron core is fixedly mounted on the cylindrical shaft 12 (a secondary iron core through hole is provided in the middle of the multiple secondary iron cores 1 7 and the multiple secondary iron cores 2 19 for being fixedly mounted on the cylindrical shaft 12), the primary structure 1 of the motor is mounted on the outside of the secondary iron core, and an air gap is provided between the secondary salient pole teeth 14 of the secondary iron core and the primary salient pole teeth 11 of the primary iron core; in the initial position, the primary salient pole teeth 11 of the primary iron core 2 are aligned with the secondary salient pole teeth 14 (the above technical solution constitutes a hybrid excitation axial single-phase linear motor).

[0046] Furthermore, the primary core 1 2 , the primary core 2 3 , the secondary core 1 7 and the secondary core 2 19 are all formed by laminating silicon steel sheets that are insulated from each other (greatly reducing the iron loss caused by eddy current and reducing the heating of the core).

[0047] Furthermore, the four armature windings are two armature windings 20 and two armature windings 21. The armature windings 20 are respectively installed on the two primary salient pole teeth 11 on the primary iron core 2 that are staggered in position, and the armature windings 21 are respectively installed on the two primary salient pole teeth 11 on the primary iron core 2 3 that are staggered in position.

[0048] Furthermore, the main magnetic flux circuit of the motor is as follows Figure 6-Figure 9As shown, the magnetic flux circuit generated by the permanent magnet 13 is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the N pole of the permanent magnet 13, passes through the secondary core yoke 7 to reach the secondary salient pole tooth 14, passes through the air gap between the primary salient pole tooth 11 and the secondary salient pole tooth 14 to reach the primary salient pole tooth 11, then passes through the primary core yoke to reach another primary salient pole tooth 11 adjacent to the primary salient pole tooth 11, passes through the air gap and the secondary salient pole tooth 14, and finally returns to the S pole of the permanent magnet 13 via the secondary core yoke 7;

[0049] The magnetic flux loop generated by the winding is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the winding, passes through the primary salient pole tooth 11 installed with the winding and the air gap to reach the secondary salient pole tooth 14, and then splits into two paths (such as Figure 6 The two magnetic fluxes pass through the two permanent magnets 13 provided on both sides of the secondary salient pole teeth 14 to reach the secondary salient pole teeth 14 adjacent to the two permanent magnets 13, then pass through the air gap to reach the primary salient pole teeth 11, and return to the winding through the primary core yoke;

[0050] The magnetic flux loop generated by the permanent magnet 13 and the magnetic flux loop generated by the winding together constitute the main magnetic flux loop of the motor. The main magnetic flux loop of the motor is perpendicular to the movement direction of the motor secondary structure 5.

[0051] Advantages: Compared with the existing transverse permanent magnet linear motor, the permanent magnet 13 has a high utilization rate and a small amount; and the main magnetic flux circuit of the motor is perpendicular to the movement direction of the motor secondary structure 5. The motor is a transverse flux motor with the advantages of high thrust density and tooth slot decoupling.

[0052] Specific implementation method 2: Figure 2-Figure 15 As shown, this embodiment discloses a cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor, including a motor secondary structure 5 and an m-phase motor primary structure 1, both of which are cylindrical in shape, where m represents the number of phases of the motor, and m≥2; each single-phase motor primary structure 1 includes a primary iron core and six windings, the primary iron cores including a primary iron core 1 2 and a primary iron core 2 3 (both have the same structure and a width of τ, where τ represents the pole pitch), and the six windings are four armature windings and two excitation windings 4; the motor secondary structure 5 includes a cylindrical shaft 12, a secondary iron core, and a plurality of permanent magnets 13, the secondary iron cores including a plurality of secondary iron cores 1 7 (with the same structure) and a plurality of secondary iron cores 2 19 (with the same structure);

[0053] The inner circular surface of the yoke of the primary iron core 1 2 and the primary iron core 2 3 is provided with four primary salient pole teeth 11, and the four primary salient pole teeth 11 are arranged opposite to each other in pairs. The primary iron core 1 2 and the primary iron core 2 3 are fixedly connected coaxially (fixed by overlapping), and the installation angles differ by 60 degrees. One pair of primary salient pole teeth 11 of the primary iron core 1 2 and the primary iron core 2 3 overlap (set facing each other), and the position of the other pair of primary salient pole teeth 11 is staggered (i.e., staggered), so that each single-phase motor primary Each adjacent two primary salient pole teeth 11 of the six primary salient pole teeth 11 of the structure 1 provide a loop for the transverse magnetic flux), the electric excitation winding 4 is installed on the primary salient pole teeth 11 that overlap, and the armature winding is installed on the primary salient pole teeth 11 that are staggered; six secondary salient pole teeth 14 are arranged on the outer circular surface of each secondary iron core 7 yoke, and four secondary rectangular slots 6 are opened on the end surface of each secondary iron core 7 yoke, and the four secondary rectangular slots 6 are arranged in pairs (the four secondary rectangular slots 6 are arranged on the secondary iron core 7 7 yoke end surface, and located on both sides of a pair of primary salient pole teeth 11 where the primary core 1 2 and the primary core 2 3 overlap), the permanent magnet 13 is embedded in the secondary rectangular slot 6, multiple secondary cores 1 7 and multiple secondary cores 2 19 are alternately arranged front and back and coaxially fixedly connected (fixed connection is achieved by stacking), the six secondary salient pole teeth 14 of the multiple secondary cores 1 7 are arranged opposite each other, and the secondary cores are fixedly mounted on the cylindrical shaft 12 (the middle parts of the multiple secondary cores 1 7 and the multiple secondary cores 2 19 are open). A secondary iron core through hole is provided for fixing the secondary iron core on the cylindrical shaft 12, and the primary structure 1 of the m-phase motor is mounted on the outside of the secondary iron core. An air gap is provided between the secondary salient pole teeth 14 of the secondary iron core and the primary salient pole teeth 11 of the primary iron core; each adjacent two single-phase motor primary structures 1 are staggered at a distance of 2τ / m in the axial direction, where τ represents the pole pitch; in the initial position, the primary salient pole teeth 11 of the primary iron core 2 are aligned with the secondary salient pole teeth 14 (the above technical solution constitutes a hybrid excitation multi-phase linear motor).

[0054] Furthermore, the primary core 1 2 , the primary core 2 3 , the secondary core 1 7 and the secondary core 2 19 are all formed by laminating silicon steel sheets that are insulated from each other (greatly reducing the iron loss caused by eddy current and reducing the heating of the core).

[0055] Furthermore, the four armature windings are two armature windings 20 and two armature windings 21. The armature windings 20 are respectively installed on the two primary salient pole teeth 11 on the primary iron core 2 that are staggered in position, and the armature windings 21 are respectively installed on the two primary salient pole teeth 11 on the primary iron core 2 3 that are staggered in position.

[0056] Furthermore, the main magnetic flux circuit of the motor is as follows Figure 6-Figure 9As shown, the magnetic flux circuit generated by the permanent magnet 13 is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the N pole of the permanent magnet 13, passes through the secondary core yoke 7 to reach the secondary salient pole tooth 14, passes through the air gap between the primary salient pole tooth 11 and the secondary salient pole tooth 14 to reach the primary salient pole tooth 11, then passes through the primary core yoke to reach another primary salient pole tooth 11 adjacent to the primary salient pole tooth 11, passes through the air gap and the secondary salient pole tooth 14, and finally returns to the S pole of the permanent magnet 13 via the secondary core yoke 7;

[0057] The magnetic flux loop generated by the winding is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the winding, passes through the primary salient pole tooth 11 installed with the winding and the air gap to reach the secondary salient pole tooth 14, and then splits into two paths (such as Figure 6 The two magnetic fluxes pass through the two permanent magnets 13 provided on both sides of the secondary salient pole teeth 14 to reach the secondary salient pole teeth 14 adjacent to the two permanent magnets 13, then pass through the air gap to reach the primary salient pole teeth 11, and return to the winding through the primary core yoke;

[0058] The magnetic flux loop generated by the permanent magnet 13 and the magnetic flux loop generated by the winding together constitute the main magnetic flux loop of the motor. The main magnetic flux loop of the motor is perpendicular to the movement direction of the motor secondary structure 5.

[0059] Advantages: Compared with the existing transverse permanent magnet linear motor, the permanent magnet 13 has a high utilization rate and a small amount; and the main magnetic flux circuit of the motor is perpendicular to the movement direction of the motor secondary structure 5. The motor is a transverse flux motor with the advantages of high thrust density and tooth slot decoupling.

[0060] Furthermore, a non-magnetic ring 8 is fixedly installed between each two adjacent single-phase motor primary structures 1, and two water channel grooves 9 are symmetrically provided on the end faces of both sides of the non-magnetic ring 8. Two cooling water channels 10 are matched and installed in the water channel grooves 9 of multiple non-magnetic rings 8. The two cooling water channels 10 are symmetrically arranged and constitute a dual-channel parallel water channel.

[0061] Furthermore, the cooling water channel 10 is composed of multiple groups of arc water channels and multiple U-shaped water channels 15. The multiple groups of arc water channels are arranged in parallel. The number of groups of arc water channels is the same as the number of non-magnetic rings 8. Each group of arc water channels includes two arc water channels 16. One end of the two arc water channels 16 is connected to the two ends of the U-shaped water channel 15. Every two adjacent groups of arc water channels are connected through the U-shaped water channel 15 (the cooling water channel 10 adopts the above structure, the cooling path becomes longer, and the cooling effect is good).

[0062] When the motor is working, the winding is energized. In the initial position, the primary salient pole teeth 11 of the primary core 2 are aligned with the secondary salient pole teeth 14. Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown, the flux linkage of the two armature windings 20 on the primary core 2 reaches the maximum value ψ m, and the two staggered primary salient pole teeth 11 on the primary core 2 3 are facing the slot between the two axial secondary salient pole teeth 14 of the secondary core 1 7, so the magnetic flux of the two armature windings 2 21 on the primary core 2 3 is minimum.

[0063] When the secondary core moves forward by one pole pitch, the secondary salient pole teeth 14 are aligned with the primary salient pole teeth 11 of the primary core 2 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the flux linkage of the two armature windings 21 on the primary core 2 3 reaches the maximum value ψ m , and the two staggered primary salient pole teeth 11 on the primary core 2 are facing the slot between the two axial secondary salient pole teeth 14 of the secondary core 7, so the magnetic flux of the two armature windings 20 on the primary core 2 is minimum.

[0064] When the motor is in Figure 6 、 Figure 7 When the two armature windings 20 on the primary core 1 are powered off, and the two armature windings 21 on the primary core 2 are powered on. At this time, since the two armature windings 21 on the primary core 2 are not at the position of minimum magnetic resistance, they will be driven by the magnetic field. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The motor moves in the state shown, and then the two armature windings 21 on the primary core 2 3 are powered off, and the two armature windings 1 20 on the primary core 1 2 are powered on, and the motor will continue to move.

[0065] In addition, when the motor speed needs to be adjusted, the electric excitation winding 4 on the primary salient pole teeth 11 can be energized to change the air gap magnetic field. Figure 10 、 Figure 11 As shown in the figure, path 17 and path 2 18 (the solid line path) represent the magnetic flux flow direction when the two armature windings 1 20 are working. When the two excitation windings 4 are energized, as shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown, at this time, the magnetic flux generated by the electric excitation winding 4 is opposite to the magnetic flux generated by the two armature windings 20 ( Figure 10 The path represented by the dotted line and the path represented by the solid line in the middle is used to reduce the air gap magnetic field and increase the speed by weakening the magnetic field to increase the running speed of the motor. When the electric excitation winding 4 passes a reverse current, it can also generate a magnetic flux in the same direction as the two armature windings 20 to enhance the air gap magnetic field. Figure 11 As shown (the path represented by the solid line and the path represented by the dotted line), the motor speed can be reduced at this time. When the two armature windings 21 are working, the air gap magnetic field of the motor can be adjusted in the same way. By adding the electric excitation winding 4, the disadvantage of the permanent magnet linear motor that it cannot adjust the speed is compensated (the electric excitation winding 4 is installed on the primary salient pole teeth 11 with overlapping positions, and the size of the air gap magnetic field can be adjusted by the electric excitation winding 4, which solves the problem that the air gap magnetic field of the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor is difficult to adjust).

[0066] In addition, based on the single-phase motor of the present invention, two identical single-phase motor primary structures 1 can be additionally manufactured, and the two single-phase motor primary structures 1 are staggered 2τ / 3 in the axial direction to form an axial three-phase motor, such as Figure 12 、 Figure 13 As shown. Since the axial three-phase motor is a three-phase structure, the overall positioning force is synthesized by the individual positioning forces of the three phases, so the overall positioning force will be greatly reduced. On the basis of the three-phase motor, a cooling water channel 10 is set on the non-magnetic ring 8, as shown. Figure 14 As shown, space is reserved for the cooling water channel 10 (water channel grooves 9 are opened on both side end faces of the non-magnetic ring 8). The cooling water channel 10 adopts a dual-channel parallel water channel, and the coolant will flow from one end of the cooling water channel 10 to the other end (advantages: the cooling water channel 10 is used to cool the motor, so that the motor is maintained at a lower temperature rise state; the water cooling system can enable the motor to select a higher electromagnetic load; the cooling water channel 10 uses a parallel water channel, which has a larger heat dissipation area, a simple structure, and is easy to process).

[0067] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a motor primary structure (1) and a motor secondary structure (5), both of which are cylindrical in shape; the motor primary structure (1) comprises a primary iron core and six windings, the primary iron core comprises a primary iron core 1 (2) and a primary iron core 2 (3), and the six windings are four armature windings and two electric excitation windings (4); the motor secondary structure (5) comprises a cylindrical shaft (12), a secondary iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets (13), the secondary iron core comprises a plurality of secondary iron cores 1 (7) and a plurality of secondary iron cores 2 (19); The inner circular surface of the yoke of the primary iron core 1 (2) and the primary iron core 2 (3) is provided with four primary salient pole teeth (11), and the four primary salient pole teeth (11) are arranged opposite to each other in pairs. The primary iron core 1 (2) and the primary iron core 2 (3) are coaxially fixedly connected in front and back, and the installation angles differ by 60 degrees. One pair of the primary salient pole teeth (11) of the primary iron core 1 (2) and the primary iron core 2 (3) are overlapped, and the other pair of the primary salient pole teeth (11) are staggered. The electric excitation winding (4) is installed on the primary salient pole teeth (11) that are overlapped, and the armature winding is installed on the primary salient pole teeth (11) that are staggered. The outer circular surface of the yoke of each secondary iron core 1 (7) is provided with six secondary salient pole teeth (14), and each secondary Four secondary rectangular slots (6) are provided on the end surface of the yoke of the iron core 1 (7), and the four secondary rectangular slots (6) are arranged opposite to each other in pairs. Permanent magnets (13) are embedded in the secondary rectangular slots (6). Multiple secondary iron cores 1 (7) and multiple secondary iron cores 2 (19) are alternately arranged in front and back order and fixedly connected coaxially. Six secondary salient pole teeth (14) of the multiple secondary iron cores 1 (7) are arranged opposite to each other. The secondary iron cores are fixedly mounted on the cylindrical shaft (12). The primary structure (1) of the motor is mounted on the outer side of the secondary iron core. An air gap is provided between the secondary salient pole teeth (14) of the secondary iron core and the primary salient pole teeth (11) of the primary iron core. In the initial position, the primary salient pole teeth (11) of the primary iron core 1 (2) are aligned with the secondary salient pole teeth (14).

2. The cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary iron core 1 (2), the primary iron core 2 (3), the secondary iron core 1 (7) and the secondary iron core 2 (19) are all formed by laminating silicon steel sheets which are insulated from each other.

3. The cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four armature windings are two armature windings 1 (20) and two armature windings 2 (21). The armature windings 1 (20) are respectively mounted on two primary salient pole teeth (11) on the primary iron core 1 (2) at different positions, and the armature windings 2 (21) are respectively mounted on two primary salient pole teeth (11) on the primary iron core 2 (3) at different positions.

4. A cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The magnetic flux circuit generated by the permanent magnet (13) is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the N pole of the permanent magnet (13), passes through the yoke of the secondary iron core (7) to reach the secondary salient pole tooth (14), passes through the air gap between the primary salient pole tooth (11) and the secondary salient pole tooth (14) to reach the primary salient pole tooth (11), then passes through the primary iron core yoke to reach another primary salient pole tooth (11) adjacent to the primary salient pole tooth (11), passes through the air gap and the secondary salient pole tooth (14), and finally returns to the S pole of the permanent magnet (13) via the yoke of the secondary iron core (7); The magnetic flux circuit of the magnetic flux generated by the winding is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the winding, passes through the primary salient pole teeth (11) on which the winding is installed and the air gap to reach the secondary salient pole teeth (14), and then splits into two paths. The two paths of magnetic flux pass through two permanent magnets (13) arranged on both sides of the secondary salient pole teeth (14) to reach the secondary salient pole teeth (14) adjacent to the two permanent magnets (13), and then pass through the air gap to reach the primary salient pole teeth (11), and return to the winding through the primary iron core yoke. The magnetic flux loop generated by the permanent magnet (13) and the magnetic flux loop generated by the winding together constitute the main magnetic flux loop of the motor, and the main magnetic flux loop of the motor is perpendicular to the movement direction of the motor secondary structure (5).

5. The cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four armature windings are two armature windings 1 (20) and two armature windings 2 (21). The armature windings 1 (20) are respectively mounted on two primary salient pole teeth (11) on the primary iron core 1 (2) at different positions, and the armature windings 2 (21) are respectively mounted on two primary salient pole teeth (11) on the primary iron core 2 (3) at different positions.

6. A cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a motor secondary structure (5) and an m-phase motor primary structure (1), both of which are cylindrical in shape, wherein m represents the number of phases of the motor, and m≥2; each single-phase motor primary structure (1) comprises a primary iron core and six windings, wherein the primary iron core comprises a primary iron core 1 (2) and a primary iron core 2 (3), and the six windings are four armature windings and two excitation windings (4); the motor secondary structure (5) comprises a cylindrical shaft (12), a secondary iron core, and a plurality of permanent magnets (13), wherein the secondary iron core comprises a plurality of secondary iron cores 1 (7) and a plurality of secondary iron cores 2 (19); The inner circular surface of the yoke of the primary iron core 1 (2) and the primary iron core 2 (3) is provided with four primary salient pole teeth (11), and the four primary salient pole teeth (11) are arranged in pairs. The primary iron core 1 (2) and the primary iron core 2 (3) are coaxially fixedly connected in front and back, and the installation angles differ by 60 degrees. One pair of the primary salient pole teeth (11) of the primary iron core 1 (2) and the primary iron core 2 (3) are overlapped, and the other pair of the primary salient pole teeth (11) are staggered. The electric excitation winding (4) is installed on the primary salient pole teeth (11) that are overlapped, and the armature winding is installed on the primary salient pole teeth (11) that are staggered. The outer circular surface of the yoke of each secondary iron core 1 (7) is provided with six secondary salient pole teeth (14), and the end surface of the yoke of each secondary iron core 1 (7) is provided with four secondary rectangular slots ( 6), four secondary rectangular slots (6) are arranged opposite to each other in pairs, permanent magnets (13) are embedded in the secondary rectangular slots (6), multiple secondary iron cores (7) and multiple secondary iron cores (19) are alternately arranged in front and back order and fixedly connected coaxially, six secondary salient pole teeth (14) of multiple secondary iron cores (7) are arranged opposite to each other, the secondary iron core is fixedly mounted on the cylindrical shaft (12), the primary structure (1) of the m-phase motor is sleeved on the outer side of the secondary iron core, and an air gap is provided between the secondary salient pole teeth (14) of the secondary iron core and the primary salient pole teeth (11) of the primary iron core; each adjacent two single-phase motor primary structures (1) are staggered at a distance of 2τ / m in the axial direction, where τ represents the pole pitch; in the initial position, the primary salient pole teeth (11) of the primary iron core (2) are aligned with the secondary salient pole teeth (14).

7. The cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The primary iron core 1 (2), the primary iron core 2 (3), the secondary iron core 1 (7) and the secondary iron core 2 (19) are all formed by laminating silicon steel sheets which are insulated from each other.

8. The cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The magnetic flux circuit generated by the permanent magnet (13) is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the N pole of the permanent magnet (13), passes through the yoke of the secondary iron core (7) to reach the secondary salient pole tooth (14), passes through the air gap between the primary salient pole tooth (11) and the secondary salient pole tooth (14) to reach the primary salient pole tooth (11), then passes through the primary iron core yoke to reach another primary salient pole tooth (11) adjacent to the primary salient pole tooth (11), passes through the air gap and the secondary salient pole tooth (14), and finally returns to the S pole of the permanent magnet (13) via the yoke of the secondary iron core (7); The magnetic flux loop generated by the winding is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the winding, passes through the primary salient pole teeth (11) on which the winding is installed and the air gap to reach the secondary salient pole teeth (14), and then splits into two paths. The two paths of magnetic flux pass through two permanent magnets (13) arranged on both sides of the secondary salient pole teeth (14) to reach the secondary salient pole teeth (14) adjacent to the two permanent magnets (13), and then pass through the air gap to reach the primary salient pole teeth (11), and return to the winding through the primary core yoke. The magnetic flux loop generated by the permanent magnet (13) and the magnetic flux loop generated by the winding together constitute the main magnetic flux loop of the motor, and the main magnetic flux loop of the motor is perpendicular to the movement direction of the motor secondary structure (5).

9. The cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A non-magnetic ring (8) is fixedly installed between each two adjacent single-phase motor primary structures (1), and two water channel grooves (9) are symmetrically provided on both side end surfaces of the non-magnetic ring (8). Two cooling water channels (10) are matched and installed in the water channel grooves (9) of the multiple non-magnetic rings (8). The two cooling water channels (10) are symmetrically arranged and form a dual-channel parallel water channel.

10. The cylindrical hybrid excitation linear motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cooling water channel (10) is composed of multiple groups of arc-shaped water channels and multiple U-shaped water channels (15). The multiple groups of arc-shaped water channels are arranged in parallel. The number of groups of arc-shaped water channels is the same as the number of non-magnetic rings (8). Each group of arc-shaped water channels includes two arc-shaped water channels (16). One end of the two arc-shaped water channels (16) is connected to the two ends of the U-shaped water channel (15). Every two adjacent groups of arc-shaped water channels are connected through the U-shaped water channel (15).

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