An electromagnetic hook-and-release beam for underwater operations

Abstract

The present invention provides an electromagnetic hook-and-release beam for underwater operations, comprising a beam body and a gate. The beam body is provided with a cavity internally, a partition disposed within the cavity separating the upper and lower portions of the beam body. An electrically connected battery and electromagnetic controller are located above the partition. Several electromagnetic mechanisms are provided through the bottom wall of the beam body, located below the partition. The electromagnetic mechanisms are electrically connected to the electromagnetic controller and are used to magnetically capture the gate. This facilitates magnetic attraction or release of the gate for gate hoisting using the principle of electromagnetic pole reversal, radically changing the hook-and-release mode of hydraulic automatic hook-and-release beams, which use horizontal pins, and eliminating the positioning pins and positioning cylinders of conventional hydraulic or mechanical automatic hook-and-release beams. Requiring fewer components, the beam body is easy to install, maintain, and inspect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of hydropower station gate hoisting, in particular to an electromagnetic hooking and detaching beam for underwater operation. Background Art

[0002] During the hoisting process of the hydropower station gate, a hooking and unhooking beam is required to be used to hook and unhook the gate underwater. The upper end of the automatic hooking and unhooking beam is connected to the pulley of the gantry hoist, and the lower end is unhooked from the gate underwater to complete the lifting action.

[0003] The most commonly used one at present is the hydraulic automatic hook and detachment beam. The hook and detachment beam is hydraulically controlled and the rotation of the motor drives the hydraulic pump station to operate, so as to realize the insertion and retraction of the hook and detachment beam pin shaft and thus realize the connection and disconnection with the gate. However, during use, the hydraulic automatic hook and detachment beam requires the motor to operate underwater and also requires a signal to display the status of the pin shaft in multiple directions. It has many parts and the cables need to follow underwater for power supply and signal transmission, resulting in a high failure rate. In addition, the pin shaft needs to be accurately aligned with the gate underwater, which is inefficient. Therefore, an underwater electromagnetic hook and detachment beam is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic hooking and detaching beam for underwater operations, which solves the problem that the failure rate of the hydraulic automatic hooking and detaching beam is high and the efficiency of precise alignment is low.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an underwater electromagnetic hanging and detaching beam, including a beam body and a gate, a cavity is provided inside the beam body, a partition is provided in the cavity to separate it up and down, an electrically connected battery and an electromagnetic controller are provided on the upper part of the partition, and a plurality of electromagnetic mechanisms located below the partition are penetrated on the bottom wall of the beam body, and the electromagnetic mechanism is electrically connected to the electromagnetic controller for magnetically grabbing the gate.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic mechanism includes a transverse slide arranged on the bottom wall of the beam body and an electromagnetic component arranged in the transverse slide, wherein the electromagnetic component can move transversely in the transverse slide to fine-tune the magnetic attraction position of the electromagnetic component.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the transverse slide comprises a long slide having a hollow interior and openings at the top and bottom, and two sets of guide electromagnets symmetrically arranged on opposite inner walls of the long slide, wherein one set of guide electromagnets is composed of a plurality of continuously arranged electromagnet units;

[0008] The electromagnetic assembly includes an I-shaped sliding seat slidably set in a long slide, a plurality of buffer suspension rods equidistantly passing through the I-shaped sliding seat, and an electromagnetic suction cup arranged at the bottom of the buffer suspension rod, wherein the long slide is embedded in two grooves on the side of the I-shaped sliding seat.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, two slide grooves are symmetrically provided on the top and bottom of the long slide, and a plurality of rolling balls rollingly connected to the slide grooves are provided on the upper and lower opposite walls of the I-shaped sliding seat groove.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the I-shaped sliding seat is provided with a plurality of telescopic holes for the buffer boom to pass through;

[0011] The buffer boom includes a telescopic boom passing through the telescopic hole, a telescopic spring sleeved on the outside of the telescopic boom and located above the I-shaped sliding seat, a locking nut threadedly arranged at the top of the telescopic boom and located at the top of the telescopic spring, and a limit plate arranged on the outside of the telescopic boom and located below the I-shaped sliding seat, and an electromagnetic suction cup is arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic boom.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, two anti-slip mechanisms are symmetrically provided on the front and rear walls of the beam body, and connecting pieces corresponding to the anti-slip mechanisms are provided on the front and rear walls of the gate.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, the connecting piece is U-shaped, and the anti-slip mechanism includes an extension plate fixed on the wall of the beam body, an electromagnetic telescopic rod fixed in the extension plate and passing through it, and an adaptive anchor claw arranged at the bottom end of the electromagnetic telescopic rod. The adaptive anchor claw can pass through the connecting piece to hook the gate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic telescopic rod includes an outer sleeve fixedly mounted in the extension plate and extending through the extension plate, a plurality of through slots formed on the wall of the outer sleeve and located above the extension plate, a lifting electromagnet disposed on the inner top wall of the outer sleeve, a telescopic rod telescopically disposed in the outer sleeve and extending from its bottom end to the outside, an adsorption member disposed at the top end of the telescopic rod, and a plurality of limit blocks disposed on the side wall of the adsorption member and extending through the through slots, and an adaptive anchor claw disposed at the bottom end of the telescopic rod;

[0015] A rubber buffer pad is provided on the top of the extension plate.

[0016] In the preferred embodiment, the adaptive anchor claw includes a thin rod, a thick rod and a base fixed in sequence at the bottom end of the telescopic rod. The diameter of the thin rod is smaller than the diameters of the telescopic rod and the thick rod. The outside of the thin rod is covered with a telescopic ring and a tension spring. The tension spring is located between the telescopic ring and the telescopic rod. Several anchor claws are hinged on the top of the base. The top of the anchor claw is hinged with a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the telescopic ring.

[0017] In the preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic suction cup, guide electromagnet and lifting electromagnet all include a magnetic enclosure, as well as a reversible magnet, a fixed magnet and a magnetic pole arranged in the magnetic enclosure. The electromagnetic coil is wound around the outside of the reversible magnet, and the fixed magnet and the reversible magnet are arranged in a Halbach array. The electromagnetic coil is electrically connected to the magnetic force control module of the electromagnetic controller.

[0018] The present invention provides an electromagnetic hook-and-release beam for underwater operations, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. By setting up an electromagnetic mechanism, it is convenient to use the principle of electromagnetic pole conversion to magnetically attract or release the gate to achieve gate hoisting, completely changing the hanging and detaching mode of the horizontal pin of the hydraulic automatic hanging and detaching beam, and eliminating the positioning pins and positioning cylinders of the traditional hydraulic automatic hanging and detaching beam or mechanical automatic hanging and detaching beam; fewer parts are required, and the installation, maintenance and inspection are easy;

[0020] 2. By adopting the battery-powered mode, the power supply cable is eliminated, making it highly reliable; and by adopting wireless communication, remote control above and below the water can be achieved; it has a wide range of adaptability, especially for gates with high lift, rapid water flow and deep water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the beam structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the electromagnetic mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the transverse sliding table of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the electromagnetic component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the buffer boom of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the I-shaped sliding seat of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the electromagnetic chuck of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the connection structure between the gate and the connector of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 It is a structural diagram of the anti-slip mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the anti-slip mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the anti-slip mechanism and the connector of the present invention;

[0035] Figure: Beam 1; partition 2; electromagnetic controller 3; battery 4; electromagnetic mechanism 5; transverse slide 51; long slide 510; guide electromagnet 511; slide 512; electromagnetic assembly 52; I-shaped slide seat 520; rolling ball 521; telescopic hole 522; buffer suspension rod 53; telescopic suspension rod 530; telescopic spring 531; locking nut 532; limit plate 533; electromagnetic suction cup 54; magnetic enclosure 540; reversible magnet 541; fixed Magnet 542; magnetic pole 543; electromagnetic coil 544; lifting eye 6; anti-slip mechanism 7; extension plate 71; electromagnetic telescopic rod 72; outer sleeve 720; through slot 721; lifting electromagnet 722; telescopic rod 723; adsorption member 724; limit block 725; adaptive anchor claw 73; thin rod 731; thick rod 732; base 733; telescopic ring 734; tension spring 735; anchor claw 736; connecting rod 737; gate 8; connecting member 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1-8 As shown, an electromagnetic hanging beam for underwater operations includes a beam body 1 and a gate 8. Three lifting ears 6 are equidistantly fixed on the top of the beam body 1. A cavity is provided inside the beam body 1, and a partition 2 is fixed in the cavity to separate it from the upper and lower parts. An electrically connected battery 4 and an electromagnetic controller 3 are provided on the upper part of the partition 2. A plurality of electromagnetic mechanisms 5 located below the partition 2 are penetrated on the bottom wall of the beam body 1. The number of electromagnetic mechanisms 5 is at least two. The electromagnetic mechanism 5 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic controller 3 for magnetically grabbing the gate 8.

[0038] In this embodiment, two left and right cavities are symmetrically arranged inside the beam body 1 with respect to the center line, partitions 2 are provided in both cavities, and batteries 4 and electromagnetic controllers 3 are provided on both partitions 2. There are four electromagnetic mechanisms 5, two in a group, and the electromagnetic mechanisms 5 in a group are large and small. The two groups of electromagnetic mechanisms 5 are symmetrically arranged in the left and right cavities, and each group of electromagnetic mechanisms 5 is electrically connected to the corresponding battery 4 and electromagnetic controller 3.

[0039] The electromagnetic controller 3 and the battery 4 are fixedly installed in the upper cavity of the beam body 1 and are waterproof and sealed.

[0040] In the preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic mechanism 5 includes a transverse slide 51 fixed on the bottom wall of the beam body 1 and an electromagnetic component 52 arranged in the transverse slide 51, wherein the electromagnetic component 52 can move transversely in the transverse slide 51 to fine-tune the magnetic attraction position of the electromagnetic component 52.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the transverse slide 51 includes a long slide 510 having a hollow interior and openings at the top and bottom, and two sets of guide electromagnets 511 symmetrically fixed on opposite inner walls of the long slide 510. Each set of guide electromagnets 511 is composed of a plurality of continuously arranged electromagnet units.

[0042] The electromagnetic assembly 52 includes an I-shaped sliding seat 520 slidably set in the long slide 510, a plurality of buffer suspension rods 53 equidistantly passing through the I-shaped sliding seat 520, and an electromagnetic suction cup 54 fixed at the bottom of the buffer suspension rod 53, wherein the long slide 510 is embedded in two grooves on the side of the I-shaped sliding seat 520.

[0043] During use, by adjusting the magnetizing state of different continuous electromagnet units in the guide electromagnet 511, the electromagnetic assembly 52 can be moved laterally therein, thereby fine-tuning the magnetic attraction position of the electromagnetic assembly 52 to avoid mismatching with the attracted plane of the gate 8, failing to reach the maximum attraction load, and avoiding the overall movement of the beam 1. It should be noted that the magnetizing and demagnetizing state of the electromagnet units in the guide electromagnet 511 is adjusted to be linear.

[0044] In addition, two slide grooves 512 are symmetrically arranged on the top and bottom of the long slide 510. The slide grooves 512 are located on the transverse movement path of the I-shaped sliding seat 520. A number of rolling balls 521 rollingly connected to the slide grooves 512 are arranged on the upper and lower opposite walls of the groove of the I-shaped sliding seat 520. The rolling balls 521 are rotatably arranged on the I-shaped sliding seat 520, so that the friction force of the I-shaped sliding seat 520 during transverse movement is reduced by the rolling of the rolling balls 521 in the slide grooves 512.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the I-shaped sliding seat 520 is provided with a plurality of telescopic holes 522 for the buffer suspension rods 53 to pass through, and the number of the telescopic holes 522 matches the number of the buffer suspension rods 53;

[0046] The buffer suspension rod 53 includes a telescopic suspension rod 530 that passes through the telescopic hole 522, a telescopic spring 531 that is mounted on the outside of the telescopic suspension rod 530 and located above the I-shaped sliding seat 520, a locking nut 532 that is threadedly arranged at the top of the telescopic suspension rod 530 and located at the top of the telescopic spring 531, and a limit plate 533 that is fixed to the outside of the telescopic suspension rod 530 and located below the I-shaped sliding seat 520. The electromagnetic suction cup 54 is fixed to the bottom end of the telescopic suspension rod 530.

[0047] Among them, the diameter of the telescopic boom 530 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the telescopic hole 522, so that it can be telescoped in the telescopic hole 522, and a gasket is provided between the locking nut 532 and the telescopic spring 531. The inner diameters of the locking nut 532 and the gasket are both smaller than the inner diameter of the telescopic spring 531. Therefore, when in use, the telescopic boom 530 can be telescoped in a small range through the tension of the telescopic spring 531, and thus it does not need to be completely in contact with the gate 8 to generate magnetism, so that the electromagnetic suction cup 54 can actively approach the gate 8 in the magnetized state.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the two electromagnetic mechanisms 5 in a group are only different in size, and their structures are exactly the same, wherein the large electromagnetic mechanism 5 is provided with four buffer suspension rods 53 at equal intervals, and the small electromagnetic mechanism 5 is provided with two buffer suspension rods 53 at equal intervals.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic controller 3 integrates a magnetic force control module and a wireless communication module, and the electromagnetic controller 3 is connected to the remote control terminal via the wireless communication module.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic chuck 54 and the guide electromagnet 511 each include a magnetic enclosure 540, and a reversible magnet 541, a fixed magnet 542, and a magnetic pole 543 disposed in the magnetic enclosure 540. An electromagnetic coil 544 is wound around the outside of the reversible magnet 541. The fixed magnet 542 and the reversible magnet 541 are arranged in a Halbach array. The electromagnetic coil 544 is electrically connected to the magnetic force control module of the electromagnetic controller 3.

[0051] Among them, the magnetic enclosure 540 is made of Q235, the fixed magnet 542 is made of rare earth permanent magnet neodymium iron boron, the reversible magnet 541 is made of aluminum nickel cobalt, and the electromagnetic coil 544 is made of enameled copper wire; the electromagnetic coil 544 is extended into the beam body 1 through a wire and is electrically connected to the electromagnetic controller 3, and the electromagnetic coil 544 wire of the electromagnetic suction cup 54 passes through the telescopic boom 530 and extends into the beam body 1 and is electrically connected to the electromagnetic controller 3, and the wire wiring gap is waterproofly sealed by insulating sealant.

[0052] During use, the electromagnetic controller 3 controls the polarity of the reversible magnet 541 to magnetize and demagnetize the magnetic pole 543. When the magnetic pole 543 is magnetized and generates external magnetic lines of force, the gate 8 is attracted and loaded. When the magnetic pole 543 is demagnetized and generates internal magnetic lines of force, the gate 8 is disengaged and unloaded. The area of the external magnetic lines of force generated by the magnetic pole 543 must coincide with the surface of the gate 8 to achieve maximum attraction.

[0053] The specific working process of hoisting the gate of a water conservancy project is as follows: the gate needs to be hoisted from the water gate reservoir to the underwater gate slot, the movable pulley of the crane is connected to the lifting ear 6 on the beam body 1, the control handle is operated, and a command is sent to the water surface and underwater communication to make the electromagnetic suction cup 54 in a demagnetized state, the crane moves the beam body 1 horizontally and vertically into the gate reservoir, sits on the gate, the control handle is operated, and a command is sent to the water surface and underwater communication to make the electromagnetic suction cup 54 in a magnetized state, sucking the gate 8, the crane lifts the beam body 1 together with the gate 8 to leave the gate reservoir, moves horizontally and vertically into the gate slot, the crane lowers the beam body 1 together with the gate 8 until the bottom sill of the gate slot is in place, the control handle is operated, and a command is sent to the water surface and underwater communication to make the electromagnetic suction cup 54 in a demagnetized state, disengages the gate 8, and completes the operation of the gate from the water gate reservoir to the underwater gate slot;

[0054] If the gate is hoisted from the underwater gate slot to the water gate warehouse, the crane's movable pulley is connected to the lifting ear on the beam 1, and the control handle is operated to send instructions to the water surface and underwater communication to put the electromagnetic suction cup 54 in a demagnetized state. The crane moves the beam 1 horizontally and vertically into the underwater gate slot and sits on the gate 8. The control handle is operated to send instructions to the water surface and underwater communication to put the electromagnetic suction cup 54 in a magnetized state and close the gate. The crane lifts the beam 1 together with the gate to leave the gate slot and move it horizontally and vertically into the water gate warehouse. The crane lowers the beam 1 together with the gate 8 until the gate warehouse is in place. The control handle is operated to send instructions to the water surface and underwater communication to put the electromagnetic suction cup 54 in a demagnetized state and disengage the gate to complete the operation of the gate from the underwater gate slot to the water gate warehouse.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] Further illustrate with reference to Example 1, Figure 9-13 In the structure shown, in order to avoid the gate 8 from falling off due to accidental demagnetization during the magnetic attraction process, two anti-slip mechanisms 7 are symmetrically provided on the front and rear walls of the beam body 1, and connecting parts 9 corresponding to the anti-slip mechanisms 7 are fixed on the front and rear walls of the gate 8. The gate 8 is protected by the temporary connection between the anti-slip mechanism 7 and the connecting parts 9.

[0057] In the preferred embodiment, the connecting member 9 is U-shaped, and the anti-slip mechanism 7 includes an extension plate 71 fixed on the wall of the beam body 1, an electromagnetic telescopic rod 72 fixed in the extension plate 71 and passing through it, and an adaptive anchor claw 73 arranged at the bottom end of the electromagnetic telescopic rod 72. The adaptive anchor claw 73 can pass through the connecting member 9 to hook the gate 8.

[0058] Among them, the electromagnetic telescopic rod 72 includes an outer sleeve 720 fixed in the extension plate 71 and passing through it, a plurality of through grooves 721 opened on the wall of the outer sleeve 720 and located above the extension plate 71, a lifting electromagnet 722 fixed on the inner top wall of the outer sleeve 720, a telescopic rod 723 telescopically arranged in the outer sleeve 720 and extending from its bottom end to the outside, an adsorption part 724 fixed at the top of the telescopic rod 723, and a plurality of limit blocks 725 fixed on the side wall of the adsorption part 724 and passing through the through grooves 721, and the adaptive anchor claw 73 is arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic rod 723.

[0059] Among them, the outer sleeve 720 is a cylindrical body with a hollow interior and an open bottom end. In this embodiment, the number of the through slots 721 is four, and the number of the limit blocks 725 matches the through slots 721. The lifting electromagnet 722 has the same structure as the electromagnetic suction cup 54 and the guide electromagnet 511. When in use, the telescopic rod 723 is contracted in the outer sleeve 720 by the magnetic force of the lifting electromagnet 722. When the lifting electromagnet 722 is demagnetized, the telescopic rod 723 falls by gravity, thereby causing the adaptive anchor claw 73 to pass through the connector 9.

[0060] In addition, a rubber buffer pad 74 is fixed on the top of the extension plate 71 to buffer the impact force of the falling limit block 725.

[0061] In the preferred embodiment, the adaptive anchor claw 73 includes a thin rod 731, a thick rod 732 and a base 733 fixed to the bottom end of the telescopic rod 723 in sequence. The diameter of the thin rod 731 is smaller than the diameter of the telescopic rod 723 and the thick rod 732. The diameter of the thick rod 732 is the same as the diameter of the telescopic rod 723. The outer movable sleeve of the thin rod 731 is provided with a telescopic ring 734 and a tension spring 735. The tension spring 735 is located between the telescopic ring 734 and the telescopic rod 723. The top of the base 733 is hinged with a plurality of anchor claws 736. In this embodiment, the number of anchor claws 736 is three. A connecting rod 737 is hinged on the top, and the other end of the connecting rod 737 is hinged to the telescopic ring 734. When in use, when the anchor claw 736 drops due to gravity, it collides with the connecting piece 9, thereby squeezing the telescopic ring 734 and the tension spring 735 to shrink, and then passes through the middle groove of the connecting piece 9. When the gate 8 falls off, it can be hooked by the anchor claw 736. At the same time, the U-shaped design of the connecting piece 9 makes it easy to move the beam 1 horizontally after the gate 8 falls to the ground, and remove the anchor claw 736 from the U-shaped opening. The long groove in the U-shape does not require the anchor claw 736 to pass through it for precise positioning.

[0062] It should be noted that the working principle of the gate's load attraction and unloading is as follows: a fixed magnet 542 has been installed in the magnetic enclosure 540, and its S-pole and N-pole directions are fixed and cannot be changed. The S-pole and N-pole polarities of the reversible magnet 541 can change with the direction of the electromagnetic coil 544. When the electromagnetic coil 544 is energized in such a way that the S-pole and N-pole polarities of the reversible magnet 541 are opposite to those of the fixed magnet, that is, S-pole to S-pole, N-pole to N-pole, and distributed according to the Halbach array, the magnetic field formed by the fixed magnet 542 and the reversible magnet 541 spreads outward. The maximum value forms a closed magnetic field loop with the gate 8 steel plate, that is, the magnetic pole 543 and the gate 8 have a load-attracting effect; when the electromagnetic coil 544 is energized in a direction that makes the S pole and N pole polarity of the reversible magnetic steel 541 opposite to the S pole and N pole polarity of the fixed magnetic steel 542, that is, S pole to N pole, and N pole to S pole. At this time, the magnetic field between the fixed magnetic steel 542 and the reversible magnetic steel 541 has formed a closed magnetic field loop, and no longer diffuses outward to seek the steel plate to form a closed magnetic field loop with it, that is, the magnetic pole and the gate have a disengagement and unloading effect. In addition, the working principles of the guide electromagnet 511 and the lifting electromagnet 722 are the same as above.

[0063] It should be noted that both the I-shaped sliding seat 520 and the adsorption member 724 are made of metal that can be attracted by magnets.

[0064] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solutions set forth in the claims, including equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the technical solutions set forth in the claims. In other words, equivalent alternatives and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic hook-and-release beam for underwater operations, comprising a beam body (1) and a gate (8), characterized in that: The beam body (1) is provided with a cavity inside, a partition (2) is provided in the cavity to separate the upper and lower parts thereof, an electrically connected battery (4) and an electromagnetic controller (3) are provided on the upper part of the partition (2), and a plurality of electromagnetic mechanisms (5) located below the partition (2) are provided through the bottom wall of the beam body (1), the electromagnetic mechanisms (5) are electrically connected to the electromagnetic controller (3) and are used for magnetically attracting and grabbing the gate (8); Two anti-slip mechanisms (7) are symmetrically provided on the front and rear walls of the beam body (1), and connecting pieces (9) corresponding to the anti-slip mechanisms (7) are provided on the front and rear walls of the gate (8); The connecting member (9) is U-shaped, and the anti-slip mechanism (7) includes an extension plate (71) fixed on the wall surface of the beam body (1), an electromagnetic telescopic rod (72) fixed in the extension plate (71) and passing through the extension plate (71), and an adaptive anchor claw (73) arranged at the bottom end of the electromagnetic telescopic rod (72), and the adaptive anchor claw (73) can pass through the connecting member (9) to hook the gate (8); The electromagnetic telescopic rod (72) includes an outer sleeve (720) fixed in the extension plate (71) and passing through the outer sleeve, a plurality of through slots (721) provided on the wall of the outer sleeve (720) and located above the extension plate (71), a lifting electromagnet (722) provided on the inner top wall of the outer sleeve (720), a telescopic rod (723) telescopically provided in the outer sleeve (720) and extending from the bottom end thereof to the outside, an adsorption member (724) provided at the top end of the telescopic rod (723), and a plurality of limit blocks (725) provided on the side wall of the adsorption member (724) and passing through the through slots (721), and the adaptive anchor claw (73) is provided at the bottom end of the telescopic rod (723); A rubber buffer pad (74) is provided on the top of the extension plate (71).

2. The electromagnetic hook-and-release beam for underwater operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic mechanism (5) comprises a transverse sliding platform (51) provided on the bottom wall of the beam body (1) and an electromagnetic component (52) provided in the transverse sliding platform (51), wherein the electromagnetic component (52) can be transversely moved in the transverse sliding platform (51) to fine-tune the magnetic attraction position of the electromagnetic component (52).

3. The electromagnetic hook-and-release beam for underwater operations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transverse slide (51) comprises a long slide (510) with a hollow interior and upper and lower openings, and two groups of guide electromagnets (511) symmetrically arranged on opposite inner wall surfaces of the long slide (510), wherein one group of guide electromagnets (511) is composed of a plurality of continuously arranged electromagnet units; The electromagnetic assembly (52) comprises an I-shaped sliding seat (520) slidably arranged in a long slide (510), a plurality of buffer suspension rods (53) equidistantly passing through the I-shaped sliding seat (520), and an electromagnetic suction cup (54) arranged at the bottom of the buffer suspension rod (53), wherein the long slide (510) is embedded in two grooves on the side of the I-shaped sliding seat (520).

4. The electromagnetic hook-and-release beam for underwater operations according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two slide grooves (512) are symmetrically provided at the top and bottom of the long slide (510), and a plurality of rolling balls (521) rollingly connected to the slide grooves (512) are provided on the upper and lower opposite walls of the groove of the I-shaped slide seat (520).

5. The electromagnetic hook-and-release beam for underwater operations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The I-shaped sliding seat (520) is provided with a plurality of telescopic holes (522) for the buffer suspension rods (53) to pass through; The buffer suspension rod (53) comprises a telescopic suspension rod (530) extending through the telescopic hole (522), a telescopic spring (531) sleeved on the outside of the telescopic suspension rod (530) and located above the I-shaped sliding seat (520), a locking nut (532) threadedly disposed on the top of the telescopic suspension rod (530) and located at the top of the telescopic spring (531), and a limiting plate (533) disposed on the outside of the telescopic suspension rod (530) and located below the I-shaped sliding seat (520). The electromagnetic suction cup (54) is disposed at the bottom end of the telescopic suspension rod (530).

6. The electromagnetic hook-and-detach beam for underwater operations according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The adaptive anchor claw (73) comprises a thin rod (731), a thick rod (732) and a base (733) fixed in sequence at the bottom end of the telescopic rod (723). The diameter of the thin rod (731) is smaller than the diameters of the telescopic rod (723) and the thick rod (732). A telescopic ring (734) and a tension spring (735) are sleeved on the outside of the thin rod (731). The tension spring (735) is located between the telescopic ring (734) and the telescopic rod (723). A plurality of anchor claws (736) are hinged on the top of the base (733). A connecting rod (737) is hinged on the top of the anchor claw (736). The other end of the connecting rod (737) is hinged to the telescopic ring (734).

7. The electromagnetic hook-and-release beam for underwater operations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electromagnetic controller (3) is integrated with a magnetic control module and a wireless communication module; The electromagnetic suction cup (54), the guiding electromagnet (511) and the lifting electromagnet (722) all include a magnetic enclosure (540), and a reversible magnet (541), a fixed magnet (542) and a magnetic pole (543) arranged in the magnetic enclosure (540), an electromagnetic coil (544) wound around the outside of the reversible magnet (541), the fixed magnet (542) and the reversible magnet (541) are arranged in a Halbach array, and the electromagnetic coil (544) is electrically connected to a magnetic force control module of an electromagnetic controller (3).

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