A true random number generation device based on carbon-based chip

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of electronic circuit technology, specifically relating to a true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip, comprising: a broadband optical noise entropy source and an entropy collector. The broadband noise entropy source is used to generate a broadband chaotic noise signal. The entropy collector includes: a sample-and-hold circuit; a TIQ comparator for converting the sampling result into a digital signal output; a one-hot code generator for converting the digital signal output by the TIQ comparator into a one-hot code; and an encoder for converting the one-hot code into a binary code. In this invention, all parts of the entropy collector are designed using CNTFET technology, reducing power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electronic circuit technology, specifically relating to a true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip. Background Technology

[0002] Random number generators based on electrical noise have low real-time rates, which cannot meet the demands of current high-speed networks and information security systems for real-time, rapid random number generation. While broadband optical noise can generate the highest-speed random numbers currently available, this technology still faces a major challenge: how to effectively reduce the power consumption of optical noise random number generators while maintaining high speed, in order to meet the application needs of power-sensitive industries such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and automotive IoT.

[0003] To obtain high-speed binary random number sequences, optical noise generators typically use high-speed ADCs as entropy acquisition devices to perform analog-to-digital conversion on broadband optical noise signals. However, under current technological conditions, the power consumption of high-speed ADCs is the main factor contributing to the high power consumption of optical noise random number generators. High-speed ADCs generally consume power in the order of several watts, several times the power consumption of other components in the optical noise random number generator. The high-speed comparator, as the core component of the entropy acquisition device (fully parallel ADC), is the main source of its power consumption, and the use of silicon-based transistors has become a bottleneck restricting the reduction of power consumption in high-speed comparators. Therefore, the fundamental way to reduce the power consumption of entropy acquisition devices and optical noise random number generators lies in finding new semiconductor devices that can replace silicon-based transistors and utilizing transistors with higher energy efficiency ratios to implement high-speed comparators. Thus, designing an entropy acquisition method for a high-speed ADC based on CNTFET (carbon nanotube field-effect transistor) technology is key to solving the problem of high power consumption in optical noise random number generators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and the technical problem to be solved is: to provide a true random number generation device based on carbon-based chips to reduce the power consumption of optical noise random number generators.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip, comprising: a broadband optical noise entropy source and an entropy collector, wherein the broadband noise entropy source is used to generate broadband chaotic noise signals, and the entropy collector comprises:

[0006] Sample-and-hold circuit: used to sample the broadband chaotic noise signal to obtain a sampled signal;

[0007] TIQ comparator: includes multiple parallel comparator circuits used to convert the sampling result into a digital signal output. Each comparator circuit includes a first-stage inverter, which is constructed from a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor.

[0008] One-hot code generator: Used to convert the digital signal output by the TIQ comparator into one-hot code, including a second-cascaded inverter, multiple XOR gates and inverters, the two inputs of each XOR gate are respectively connected to the two adjacent outputs of the TIQ comparator, and the output of each XOR gate serves as one output of the one-hot code generator. The inputs of the inverters and the second-cascaded inverter are respectively connected to the first and last outputs of the TIQ comparator, and the outputs serve as the first and last outputs of the one-hot code generator.

[0009] Encoder: Used to convert one-hot codes into binary codes.

[0010] The sample-and-hold circuit includes:

[0011] First field-effect transistor, second field-effect transistor, capacitor;

[0012] The gates of the first and second field-effect transistors are connected to the clock signal, the sources are connected to the broadband chaotic optical noise signal, and the drains output the sampling signal. In addition, the drains are grounded through a capacitor.

[0013] The first field-effect transistor is an N-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistor, and the second field-effect transistor is a P-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistor.

[0014] The TIQ comparator includes 31 comparator circuits. In each comparator circuit, the first cascaded inverter includes two identical inverters, which are formed from carbon nanotube field-effect transistors.

[0015] The XOR gate includes a third field-effect transistor, a fourth field-effect transistor, a fifth field-effect transistor, and a sixth field-effect transistor. In the nth XOR gate, the source of the third field-effect transistor is connected to the (n-1)th output terminal of the TIQ comparator, its gate is connected to the gate of the fourth field-effect transistor and to the nth output terminal of the TIQ comparator, and its drain is connected to the drain of the fourth field-effect transistor, the gate of the fifth field-effect transistor, and the gate of the sixth field-effect transistor. The source of the fourth field-effect transistor is connected to the source of the fifth field-effect transistor, and the drain of the fifth field-effect transistor is connected to the drain of the sixth field-effect transistor and serves as the output of the nth XOR gate. The source of the sixth field-effect transistor is grounded.

[0016] The third and sixth field-effect transistors are N-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistors, and the fourth and fifth field-effect transistors are P-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistors.

[0017] The encoder is a Fattree encoder.

[0018] The broadband noise entropy source includes a DFB laser, a bias converter, an amplifier, and an optical feedback structure. The light emitted by the DFB laser is reflected by the optical feedback structure, and part of the light returns to the DFB laser along the original path, causing it to generate a chaotic optical noise signal. The broadband chaotic noise signal with the same chaotic optical noise properties is output from the power supply terminal of the DFB laser, and the AC component of the signal is extracted by the bias converter, then amplified and output to the entropy acquisition device.

[0019] The optical feedback structure includes an adjustable optical attenuator, a polarization controller, and a chirped fiber grating. The light emitted by the DFB laser passes through the adjustable optical attenuator and the polarization controller and is then incident on the chirped fiber grating. After being reflected by the chirped fiber grating, part of the light returns to the DFB laser along the original path, causing it to generate a chaotic optical noise signal.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. This invention provides a true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip, wherein the entropy collector includes a sample-and-hold circuit, a TIQ comparator, a one-hot code generator, and an encoder, avoiding the use of analog circuits such as operational amplifiers, and has the advantages of simple structure, low power consumption, and high speed.

[0022] 2. In this invention, the TIQ comparator uses a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor. By adjusting the chiral exponent vector of the transistor in the TIQ comparator, the gate width Wgate of the transistor can be changed, thereby controlling the threshold voltage of the inverter and realizing analog-to-digital conversion.

[0023] 3. In this invention, the one-hot code generator uses an optimized XOR gate, which can reduce the number of field-effect transistors, thereby reducing the circuit area and delay; moreover, the XOR gate uses carbon nanotube field-effect transistors, which have low energy consumption.

[0024] 4. The chips in the circuit of the true random number generation device of the present invention are all based on carbon-based chips using CNTFET technology, which provides a technical foundation for the realization of high-speed (Gb / s) and low-power (mW) optical noise random number generators, and provides a solution for the high-speed and low-power optical noise random number (key) generation technology urgently needed by industries such as the Internet of Things and the Internet of Vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the sample-and-hold circuit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3This is a circuit schematic diagram of the TIQ comparator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is the circuit diagram of an inverter;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the one-hot code generator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the XOR gate in the one-hot code generator of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the fattree encoder in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0033] In the diagram: 1 is the first field-effect transistor, 2 is the second field-effect transistor, 3 is a capacitor, 4 is the second cascaded inverter, 5 is an XOR gate, 6 is an inverter, 7 is a DFB laser, 8 is a bias circuit, 9 is an amplifier, 10 is a tunable optical attenuator, 11 is a polarization controller, 12 is a chirped fiber grating, 13 is the first cascaded inverter, 15 is the seventh field-effect transistor, 16 is the eighth field-effect transistor, 51 is the third field-effect transistor, 52 is the fourth field-effect transistor, 53 is the fifth field-effect transistor, and 54 is the sixth field-effect transistor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figures 1-5 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip, comprising: a broadband optical noise entropy source and an entropy collector. The broadband noise entropy source is used to generate broadband chaotic noise signals, and the entropy collector includes:

[0037] Sample-and-hold circuit: used to sample the broadband chaotic noise signal to obtain a sampled signal;

[0038] TIQ comparator: includes multiple parallel comparator circuits used to convert the sampling result into a digital signal output. Each comparator circuit includes a first-stage inverter 13, which is constructed from a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor.

[0039] One-hot code generator: used to convert the digital signal output by the TIQ comparator into one-hot code, including a second-cascaded inverter 4, multiple XOR gates 5 and inverter 6. The two inputs of each XOR gate are respectively connected to two adjacent outputs of the TIQ comparator. The output of each XOR gate 5 serves as one output of the one-hot code generator. The inputs of the inverter 6 and the second-cascaded inverter 4 are respectively connected to the first and last outputs of the TIQ comparator, and their outputs serve as the first and last outputs of the one-hot code generator.

[0040] Encoder: Used to convert one-hot codes into binary codes.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the sample-and-hold circuit includes:

[0042] First field-effect transistor 1, second field-effect transistor 2, capacitor 3;

[0043] The gates of the first field-effect transistor 1 and the second field-effect transistor 2 are connected to the clock signal, the sources are connected to the broadband chaotic optical noise signal, and the drains output the sampling signal. In addition, the drains are grounded through the capacitor 3. The first field-effect transistor 1 is an N-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistor, and the second field-effect transistor 2 is a P-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistor.

[0044] It should be noted that in the accompanying drawings of this invention, for N-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistors, the end with the elliptical ring is the drain, and for P-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistors, the end with the elliptical ring is the source.

[0045] In this embodiment, a transmission gate is used as a switch, and a capacitor is connected to the output node to form a simple sample-and-hold circuit. The sample-and-hold circuit samples the input analog signal and sends the sampling result to the TIQ comparator.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the TIQ comparator includes 31 comparator circuits. In each comparator circuit, the first cascaded inverter 13 is formed by cascading two identical first inverters 14, and the first inverter 14 is formed by carbon nanotube field-effect transistors. The TIQ comparator output is a fully digital output voltage, and the result is a thermometer code.

[0047] Specifically, such as Figure 4The diagram shows the structure of the first inverter 14, which includes a seventh field-effect transistor 15 and an eighth field-effect transistor 16. The seventh field-effect transistor 15 is an N-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistor, and the eighth field-effect transistor 16 is a P-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistor. The gates of the seventh and eighth field-effect transistors 15 serve as the input terminals of the inverter. The source of the seventh field-effect transistor 15 is grounded, and its drain and the drain of the eighth field-effect transistor 16 serve as the output terminals of the inverter. The source of the eighth field-effect transistor 16 is connected to the power supply.

[0048] The TIQ comparator's comparison circuit consists of two cascaded identical inverters. Its main function is to convert the input analog signal voltage Vin to a logic level "1" or "0" by comparing the internal threshold voltage Vm with the input voltage Vin. When Vin is greater than Vm, the comparator outputs "1"; otherwise, it outputs "0". The threshold voltage Vm is the voltage value in the inverter's voltage transfer function VTC when the input voltage Vin equals the output voltage Vout. The threshold voltage Vm of the inverter is controlled by adjusting the chiral exponent vectors n1 and n2 of the transistor, which changes the diameter of the CNT in the transistor, thereby changing the gate width Wgate. m-max The voltage is 679.154mV, and the minimum voltage value is V. m-min The voltage is 240.529 mV, and the least significant bit is V. lsb It is 14.621mV.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the one-hot code generator includes a second cascaded inverter 4, 30 XOR gates 5, and a second inverter 6. The second cascaded inverter 4 has the same structure as the first cascaded inverter 13, both including two identical inverters.

[0050] like Figure 5 As shown, the two inputs of the nth XOR gate are connected to the (n-1)th and nth outputs of the TIQ comparator, respectively. The output of the nth XOR gate 5 serves as the nth output of the one-hot code generator. The inputs of the inverter 6 and the second cascaded inverter 4 are connected to the 0th and 31st outputs of the TIQ comparator, respectively, and their outputs serve as the first and last outputs of the one-hot code generator, respectively. n = 1, 2...30.

[0051] like Figure 6As shown, the XOR gate 5 includes a third field-effect transistor 51, a fourth field-effect transistor 52, a fifth field-effect transistor 53, and a sixth field-effect transistor 54. In the nth XOR gate 5, the source of the third field-effect transistor 51 is connected to the (n-1)th output terminal of the TIQ comparator, and its gate is connected to the gate of the fourth field-effect transistor 52 and to the nth output terminal of the TIQ comparator. Its drain is connected to the drain of the fourth field-effect transistor 52, the gate of the fifth field-effect transistor 53, and the gate of the sixth field-effect transistor 54. The source of the fourth field-effect transistor 52 is connected to the source of the fifth field-effect transistor 53, and the drain of the fifth field-effect transistor 53 is connected to the drain of the sixth field-effect transistor 54, serving as the output of the nth XOR gate 5. The source of the sixth field-effect transistor 54 is grounded. The third field-effect transistor 51 and the sixth field-effect transistor 54 are N-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistors, and the fourth field-effect transistor 52 and the fifth field-effect transistor 53 are P-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistors.

[0052] In this embodiment, the XOR gate in the one-hot code generator adopts an optimized XOR gate structure, including only 4 transistors. This reduces the number of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors, thereby reducing the circuit area and latency. The one-hot code generator can convert a 31-bit thermometer code into a 32-bit one-hot code.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the encoder is a Fattree encoder. A Fattree encoder consists of 56 OR gates, converting a 32-bit one-hot code into a 5-bit binary code.

[0054] In this embodiment, the sampling rate of the entropy collector is 10 Gs / s. A broadband noise source is input into the broadband optical noise entropy source, sampled and quantized, and a 5-bit random number can be output. If the output random number fails the random number test, appropriate post-processing methods can be used, such as hash functions, shift registers, XOR post-processing, etc.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip, including a broadband optical noise entropy source and an entropy collector. The structure of the entropy collector is the same as that in Embodiment 1. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the broadband noise entropy source is composed of a DFB semiconductor laser with dispersive optical feedback.

[0057] like Figure 8As shown in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, a true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip is provided. The broadband optical noise entropy source includes a DFB laser 7, a biaser 8, an amplifier 9, and an optical feedback structure. The light emitted by the DFB laser 6 is reflected by the optical feedback structure, and part of the light returns to the DFB laser 6 along the original path, causing it to generate a chaotic optical noise signal. The broadband chaotic noise signal with the same chaotic optical noise properties is output from the power supply terminal of the DFB laser. After the biaser 7 extracts the AC component of the signal, it is then output to the entropy collector after passing through the low-noise amplifier 9.

[0058] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the optical feedback structure includes an adjustable optical attenuator 10, a polarization controller 11, and a chirped fiber grating 12. The light emitted by the DFB laser 7 passes through the adjustable optical attenuator 10 and the polarization controller 11 and then enters the chirped fiber grating 12. After being reflected by the chirped fiber grating 12, part of the light returns to the DFB laser 7 along the original path, causing it to generate chaotic optical noise signals.

[0059] Specifically, in this embodiment, the center wavelength of the DFB laser is 1550 nm, and the threshold current Ith is 22.5 mA. The DFB laser does not have a built-in optical isolator so that the feedback light can be fed back into the laser's resonant cavity. The light output from the DFB laser is fed back into the resonant cavity of the semiconductor laser via a chirped fiber grating 12, causing the output light intensity to oscillate at high frequencies. The intensity and polarization state of the feedback light are controlled by an adjustable optical attenuator 10 and a polarization controller 11, respectively. In the experiment, the operating current of the DFB laser is set to 1.6Ith, and the feedback intensity is set to 80%. Under these conditions, the DFB laser generates a broadband chaotic optical noise signal. A broadband chaotic electrical noise signal, consistent with the chaotic optical noise properties, is output from the power supply terminal of the DFB laser, the AC component of the signal is extracted by a biaser 8, and then amplified by a low-noise amplifier 9 before being output to the entropy collector.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip, characterized in that, include: A broadband optical noise entropy source and an entropy collector, wherein the broadband optical noise entropy source is used to generate broadband chaotic noise signals, and the entropy collector includes: Sample-and-hold circuit: used to sample the broadband chaotic noise signal to obtain a sampled signal; the sample-and-hold circuit includes: First field-effect transistor, second field-effect transistor, capacitor; The gates of the first and second field-effect transistors are connected to the clock signal, the sources are connected to the broadband chaotic optical noise signal, and the drains output the sampling signal. In addition, the drains are grounded through a capacitor. The first field-effect transistor is an N-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistor, and the second field-effect transistor is a P-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistor. TIQ comparator: includes multiple parallel comparator circuits used to convert the sampling result into a digital signal output. Each comparator circuit includes a first-stage inverter, which is constructed from a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor. One-hot code generator: Used to convert the digital signal output by the TIQ comparator into one-hot code, including a second cascaded inverter, multiple XOR gates and inverters. The two inputs of each XOR gate are respectively connected to two adjacent outputs of the TIQ comparator, and the output of each XOR gate serves as one output of the one-hot code generator. The inputs of the inverters and the second cascaded inverter are respectively connected to the first and last outputs of the TIQ comparator, and their outputs serve as the first and last outputs of the one-hot code generator. In the one-hot code generator, the XOR gates include a third field-effect transistor, a fourth field-effect transistor, a fifth field-effect transistor, and a sixth field-effect transistor. In the nth XOR gate, the source of the third field-effect transistor is connected to the (n-1)th output of the TIQ comparator, its gate is connected to the gate of the fourth field-effect transistor and to the nth output of the TIQ comparator, and its drain is connected to the drain of the fourth field-effect transistor, the gate of the fifth field-effect transistor, and the gate of the sixth field-effect transistor; the source of the fourth field-effect transistor is connected to the source of the fifth field-effect transistor, and the drain of the fifth field-effect transistor is connected to the drain of the sixth field-effect transistor and serves as the output of the nth XOR gate; the source of the sixth field-effect transistor is grounded. The third and sixth field-effect transistors are N-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistors, and the fourth and fifth field-effect transistors are P-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistors. Encoder: Used to convert one-hot codes into binary codes.

2. The true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The TIQ comparator includes 31 comparator circuits. In each comparator circuit, the first cascaded inverter includes two identical inverters, which are formed from carbon nanotube field-effect transistors.

3. The true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encoder is a Fattree encoder.

4. The true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The broadband optical noise entropy source includes a DFB laser, a bias converter, an amplifier, and an optical feedback structure. The light emitted by the DFB laser is reflected by the optical feedback structure, and part of the light returns to the DFB laser along the original path, causing it to generate a chaotic optical noise signal. The broadband chaotic noise signal with the same chaotic optical noise properties is output from the power supply terminal of the DFB laser, and the AC component of the signal is extracted by the bias converter, then amplified and output to the entropy collector.

5. A true random number generation device based on a carbon-based chip according to claim 4, characterized in that, The optical feedback structure includes an adjustable optical attenuator, a polarization controller, and a chirped fiber grating. The light emitted by the DFB laser passes through the adjustable optical attenuator and the polarization controller and is then incident on the chirped fiber grating. After being reflected by the chirped fiber grating, part of the light returns to the DFB laser along the original path, causing it to generate a chaotic optical noise signal.

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