Power distribution cabinet and energy storage direct current power distribution system

Abstract

The application discloses a power distribution cabinet and an energy storage direct-current power distribution system. The power distribution cabinet comprises a cabinet body, a first air duct assembly and a second air duct assembly. The first side wall of the cabinet body is provided with a first air inlet and a second air inlet. The first air duct assembly is arranged outside the cabinet body and on the first side wall of the cabinet body. The projection of the first air duct assembly on the first side wall covers the first air inlet and the second air inlet. A first flow-through space is formed between the first air duct assembly and the first side wall. The first flow-through space is in communication with the external environment and the internal space of the cabinet body through the first air inlet and the second air inlet. The second air duct assembly is arranged inside the cabinet body and forms a second flow-through space. The second flow-through space is in communication with the first air inlet. The second air duct assembly is provided with an air vent. A cooling fan is arranged at the air vent. The heat dissipation effect of the internal components of the power distribution cabinet is guaranteed. In addition, the power distribution cabinet can reduce the invasion of external impurities and effectively protect the internal components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to a power distribution cabinet and an energy storage DC power distribution system. Background Technology

[0002] In current energy storage DC power distribution systems, current is typically distributed between the power conversion system (PCS) and the battery through one or more circuits. Each circuit between the PCS and the battery can be connected and disconnected using protection units, facilitating circuit disconnection during maintenance or in case of a fault. These protection units can be circuit disconnectors with fuses, or circuit breakers. Due to the large number of circuits, to save space and facilitate installation and maintenance, multiple protection units and circuit wiring busbars are usually installed in a single cabinet structure, forming a distribution cabinet. However, the large number of circuits and their high currents also lead to significant heat dissipation within the distribution cabinet. If this heat cannot be effectively dissipated, the protection devices will overheat, increasing the probability of malfunctions such as thermal tripping. Furthermore, prolonged operation at excessively high temperatures can affect component lifespan and increase the risk of component failure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a power distribution cabinet and an energy storage DC power distribution system to meet the temperature control requirements of internal components and reduce the contamination of internal components by external pollutants.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a power distribution cabinet, including a cabinet body, a first air duct assembly, and a second air duct assembly; a first air outlet and a second air outlet are provided on a first side wall of the cabinet body; the first air duct assembly is located outside the cabinet body and on the first side wall of the cabinet body, the projection of the first air duct assembly on the first side wall covers the first air outlet and the second air outlet, a first circulation space is formed between the first air duct assembly and the first side wall, the first circulation space is connected to the external environment, and the first circulation space is connected to the internal space of the cabinet body through the first air outlet and the second air outlet; the second air duct assembly is located inside the cabinet body, the second air duct assembly forms a second circulation space, the second circulation space is connected to the first air outlet to communicate with the first circulation space; the second air duct assembly is provided with a ventilation opening, the second circulation space is connected to the internal space of the cabinet body through the ventilation opening, and a cooling fan is provided at the ventilation opening.

[0005] The technical solution provided in this application achieves forced air cooling inside the cabinet through a cooling fan. Cold air from the outside flows into the cabinet through a first vent, while hot air from inside the cabinet flows out through a second vent, accelerating airflow within the cabinet. Furthermore, the design of the first air duct component restricts natural convection between the hot air inside the cabinet and the cold air from the outside environment, primarily occurring within the first flow space. This reduces the entry of external dust and contaminants into the cabinet, ensuring effective heat dissipation for internal components, solving the problem of heat dissipation difficulties in high-heat-consumption power distribution cabinets, and reducing dust intrusion caused by direct ventilation, effectively protecting internal components. In addition, only the cooling fan requires active driving, resulting in low power consumption. The structure of the first air duct component is relatively simple, requiring no active driving and wiring, facilitating processing and installation, and reducing costs.

[0006] In one specific implementation scheme, the first air duct assembly includes a base plate and protrusions; the base plate has a first side facing a first sidewall; the protrusions are disposed on the first side of the base plate, extending from a first air outlet to a second air outlet, and there are at least two protrusions spaced apart. Adjacent protrusions, the base plate, and the first sidewall of the cabinet together form a first circulation space, where hot air inside the cabinet and cold air from the outside environment naturally convect, achieving heat dissipation inside the cabinet. The first air duct assembly has a simple structure, is easy to install on the cabinet, and does not change the structure of the cabinet or affect its normal use.

[0007] When specifically setting up the first air duct component, the protrusion abuts against the first side wall. The first air duct component is easy to install on the cabinet, occupies little space, and facilitates the placement of the cabinet.

[0008] Besides the aforementioned method of setting the first air duct assembly, other methods can also be used, such as having a gap between the protrusion and the first sidewall. This increases the airflow range, improves the heat exchange efficiency of hot and cold air, and accelerates the dissipation of heat inside the cabinet.

[0009] When specifically setting the protrusion, the protrusion can be columnar or arched; alternatively, the protrusion can be plate-shaped, with the plate-shaped protrusion perpendicular to the substrate. The structure of the protrusion is relatively simple, facilitating the overall processing of the first air duct assembly and making it easy to control costs.

[0010] In a specific feasible implementation, the first air vent and the second air vent are arranged vertically at intervals. The first air vent can be set near the top wall of the cabinet, and the second air vent can be set near the bottom wall of the cabinet, which can realize air blowing from top to bottom inside the cabinet, with a large air flow range and a relatively ideal cooling effect.

[0011] In one specific feasible implementation, the first air vent and the second air vent are both elongated strips, with the second air vent arranged parallel to the first air vent. The first air vent extends horizontally along the first side wall of the cabinet. The first and second air vents have a large ventilation area and their ventilation range spans across the cabinet, which can accelerate the airflow inside the cabinet, thereby accelerating the dissipation of heat inside the cabinet.

[0012] In one specific implementation scheme, the second air duct assembly includes a first plate and a second plate connected to each other. The first and second plates, together with the inner wall of the cabinet, form a second circulation space, and the ventilation opening is located on the first plate. The second circulation space allows for air circulation between the inside and outside of the cabinet. The structure of the second air duct assembly is relatively simple, facilitating installation inside the cabinet. Furthermore, the design of the second air duct assembly makes the installation of the cooling fan easier. In addition, the second air duct assembly can intercept and temporarily store external contaminants. Compared to cleaning the internal space of the cabinet and its components, regularly cleaning the second air duct assembly is easier to perform and facilitates the overall maintenance of the power distribution cabinet.

[0013] In the specific configuration of the second air duct assembly, the first plate is horizontally positioned, with its first side connected to the first side wall of the cabinet. The second plate is connected to the second side of the first plate, which faces the first side. A cooling fan is mounted on the first plate, and the horizontal positioning of the first plate allows the cooling fan to blow air from top to bottom, resulting in a larger airflow range. This allows for the cooling of more heat-generating components and accelerates heat dissipation from inside the cabinet.

[0014] In one specific implementation, the distribution cabinet further includes a heat-conducting plate disposed on the first side wall and located between the first side wall and the first air duct assembly. The heat-conducting plate can accelerate the removal of heat from the inside of the cabinet.

[0015] In one specific implementation scheme, the distribution cabinet also includes a DC busbar and an auxiliary circuit board electrically connected to the DC busbar. A temperature sensor is installed inside the cabinet to detect the internal temperature. The auxiliary circuit board contains a DC / DC power supply circuit and a control circuit. The DC / DC power supply circuit isolates and transforms the output voltage of the DC busbar before outputting it. The control circuit is electrically connected to the DC / DC power supply circuit, the temperature sensor, and the cooling fan. It receives the detection signal from the temperature sensor and controls the speed of the cooling fan based on the detection signal. The cooling fan is powered by the auxiliary circuit board, i.e., by the DC busbar inside the cabinet, eliminating the need for an external power supply. This reduces the power supply requirements of the heat dissipation components, simplifies wiring, and lowers heat dissipation costs. The temperature sensor detects the internal temperature of the cabinet, and the control circuit controls the speed of the cooling fan, achieving automatic temperature regulation of the cabinet's interior.

[0016] Secondly, this application provides an energy storage DC power distribution system, including an energy storage converter, a DC energy storage device, and a distribution cabinet as described above; the energy storage converter is used to convert electrical energy into AC and DC power, and the DC energy storage device is used to store or release DC electrical energy; the distribution cabinet is connected between the energy storage converter and the DC energy storage device for current distribution.

[0017] The technical solution provided in this application allows the distribution cabinet to distribute current between the energy storage converter and the DC energy storage device. The distribution cabinet still has strong heat dissipation capacity when the heat consumption is high, operates stably, has a long service life, and is easy to maintain, thereby improving the working stability of the energy storage DC power distribution system. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the power distribution cabinet provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the power distribution cabinet provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a power distribution cabinet provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 A top view of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a first air duct assembly of a power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 7 Another structural schematic diagram of the first air duct assembly of the power distribution cabinet provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 8 Another structural schematic diagram of the first air duct assembly of the power distribution cabinet provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 9 Another structural schematic diagram of the first air duct assembly of the power distribution cabinet provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cabinet structure of the power distribution cabinet provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The diagram shows the BB cross-section of the distribution cabinet.

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical principle of the auxiliary power supply board of the power distribution cabinet provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 100 - Cabinet; 200 - First air duct assembly; 300 - Second air duct assembly; 400 - Heat conduction plate; 500 - Cover;

[0033] 101 - First air vent; 102 - Second air vent; 103 - First side wall; 104 - Second side wall; 105 - Top wall;

[0034] 106-Third sidewall; 107-Door structure; 201-First flow space; 202-Substrate; 203-Protrusion; 301-Ventilation opening;

[0035] 302 - Cooling fan; 303 - First plate; 304 - Second plate; 305 - Second circulation space. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] To facilitate understanding, the application scenario of the distribution cabinet involved in this application embodiment will first be explained. The distribution cabinet provided in this application embodiment can be adapted to an energy storage DC power distribution system. Specifically, it can be connected between an energy storage converter and a DC energy storage device for current distribution. The energy storage converter performs AC-DC conversion of electrical energy and can be connected to the power grid, while the DC energy storage device stores or releases DC electrical energy. In existing energy storage DC power distribution systems, due to the large number of circuits between the energy storage converter and the DC energy storage device, and the large circuit current, the heat dissipation inside the distribution cabinet is significant. Therefore, effective heat dissipation measures are needed to ensure the normal operation of the electrical components inside the distribution cabinet.

[0038] Currently, a common heat dissipation method involves installing cooling fans inside the cabinet and creating ventilation holes on the cabinet panel to improve airflow and continuously exchange hot air inside with cool air outside, thus achieving cooling. To ensure effective heat dissipation, this method requires cooling fans with high power and speed, which can easily introduce external dust, oil, and harmful gases into the cabinet. These contaminants are then attracted by static electricity to the surfaces of components and cables, posing a risk of corrosion over time. They also impair heat dissipation and, when damp, can easily cause short circuits in the high-voltage sections of circuit boards. Furthermore, most of these cooling fans are DC fans with a rated voltage below 48V. The voltage difference between these fans and the high-voltage side of the distribution cabinet is too large, making it impossible to directly draw power from the high-voltage side of the distribution cabinet. A separate low-voltage DC power supply must be drawn from the power distribution system, which not only increases system complexity and the number of cables but also increases costs. Another heat dissipation method is to use a natural ventilation cabinet, which uses the principle of natural convection of hot and cold air. Air ducts are set up to guide the cold air outside the cabinet and the hot air inside the cabinet to convect. No additional fan is needed. However, the heat dissipation capacity is limited. When the power distribution cabinet has a large power and high heat consumption, it cannot guarantee the cooling effect. It also has high requirements for the insulation and heat resistance of components and cables, which will also lead to increased costs.

[0039] Based on this, this application provides a power distribution cabinet to meet the temperature control requirements of the internal components, reduce the risk of external contaminants invading the internal components, and improve the operational reliability of the power distribution cabinet.

[0040] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. (Reference) Figure 1 As shown, the distribution cabinet may include a cabinet 100 and a first air duct assembly 200. The cabinet 100 has an internal storage space for storing components and cables, including circuit wiring copper busbars, DC busbars, and protection units. The first air duct assembly 200 may be located outside the cabinet 100, communicating with the storage space of the cabinet 100 and also communicating with the external environment. Airflow exchange occurs between the interior of the cabinet 100 and the external environment through the first air duct assembly 200.

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. (Reference) Figure 2As shown, the cabinet 100 can be approximately a hexahedral structure. The cabinet 100 may include a first side wall 103, a second side wall 104, a third side wall, a fourth side wall, a top wall 105, and a bottom wall. The first side wall 103, second side wall 104, third side wall, and fourth side wall are respectively connected between the top wall 105 and the bottom wall. The first side wall 103 and the third side wall can be two opposing side walls, and the second side wall 104 and the fourth side wall can also be two opposing side walls. For example, the first side wall 103 can be the back panel of the cabinet 100, the second side wall 104 can be the left side panel of the cabinet 100, the third side wall can be the front panel of the cabinet 100, and the fourth side wall can be the right side wall of the cabinet 100. It should be noted that the directional terms "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" used in the cabinet 100 of this application embodiment are mainly based on the cabinet 100's location within the attached... Figure 2 The description of the display orientation does not constitute a limitation on the orientation of the cabinet 100 in actual application scenarios.

[0042] The first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102 can be arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. In this case, the first air vent 101 can be arranged near the top wall of the cabinet 100, and the second air vent 102 can be arranged near the bottom wall of the cabinet 100. When the heat-generating components inside the cabinet 100 are mainly distributed in the middle of the cabinet 100, the second air vent 102 can be arranged relatively close to the middle of the cabinet 100.

[0043] In practice, the first air vent 101 can be a long strip-shaped structure extending horizontally, specifically a long rectangular, elliptical, or racetrack-shaped structure; similarly, the second air vent 102 can also be a rectangular, elliptical, or racetrack-shaped structure similar to the first air vent 101. Alternatively, the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102 can also be other shapes, such as wavy or honeycomb shapes.

[0044] The second air vent 102 can also extend horizontally on the first side wall 103 of the cabinet 100, and the extension direction of the second air vent 102 can be parallel to that of the first air vent 101. Considering the shape, for example, when both the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102 are elongated, the long side of the first air vent 101 can be parallel to the long side of the second air vent 102; when both the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102 are elliptical, the major axis of the first air vent 101 can be parallel to the major axis of the second air vent 102; when both the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102 are wavy, the extension direction of the first air vent 101 can be parallel to that of the second air vent 102.

[0045] There can be multiple first air vents 101, which can be arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction. Similarly, there can also be multiple second air vents 102, which can be arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction.

[0046] To reduce the intrusion of external contaminants into the cabinet 100, a mesh structure can be installed on the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102 to block some of the contaminants. Furthermore, the mesh structure can be made of an absorbent material to more effectively block contaminants through its adsorption properties.

[0047] The first air duct assembly 200 can be disposed outside the cabinet 100. For example, the first air duct assembly 200 can be disposed on the first side wall 103 of the cabinet 100. The first end of the first air duct assembly 200 can extend towards the top wall of the cabinet 100, and the second end of the first air duct assembly 200 can extend towards the bottom wall of the cabinet 100. A first air vent 101 and a second air vent 102 can be disposed on the first side wall 103. The internal space of the cabinet 100 is connected to the first air duct assembly 200 through the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102. The first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102 can be located within the projection area of ​​the first air duct assembly 200 on the first side wall 103, that is, the first air duct assembly 200 can cover the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102.

[0048] In a specific implementation, a cover 500 may also be provided on the outside of the cabinet 100. The cover 500 may be provided on the first side wall 103 of the cabinet 100, and the cover 500 may cover the first air duct assembly 200 inside to protect the first air duct assembly 200. At the same time, the two ends of the cover 500 correspond to the first end and the second end of the first air duct assembly 200 respectively and have openings respectively, so as not to hinder the first air duct assembly 200 from communicating with the external environment.

[0049] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a power distribution cabinet according to another embodiment of this application is shown. (Reference) Figure 3As shown, in a specific implementation, a heat-conducting plate 400 can be installed on the outside of the cabinet 100. The heat-conducting plate 400 can be installed on the first side wall 103 of the cabinet 100, and the heat-conducting plate 400 is located between the first side wall 103 of the cabinet 100 and the first air duct assembly 200. The heat-conducting plate 400 can be aluminum foil or other materials with ideal heat dissipation performance to accelerate the heat dissipation from the inside of the cabinet 100. The heat-conducting plate 400 can cover the entire first side wall 103 of the cabinet 100, or part of the first side wall 103; while covering the first side wall 103 of the cabinet 100, the heat-conducting plate 400 can also cover other side walls of the cabinet 100, such as the side walls on the left and right sides of the first side wall 103 and the top wall. In a specific implementation, the thickness of the heat-conducting plate 400 can be 0.2-0.8mm, for example, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, etc. It should be noted that when the heat-conducting plate 400 covers the location of the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102, an opening may be provided on the heat-conducting plate 400 at the location corresponding to the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102, so as to avoid the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102 and ensure normal air circulation inside and outside the cabinet 100.

[0050] Figure 4 A top view of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. (See also...) Figure 2 and Figure 4 A gap exists between the first air duct assembly 200 and the first sidewall 103, thereby forming a first circulation space 201 between them. The first air duct assembly 200 has openings at both ends, allowing the first circulation space 201 to communicate with the external environment. The first air duct assembly 200 encloses the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102. The internal space of the cabinet 100 communicates with the first circulation space 201 through the first air vent 101 and the second air vent 102, and further communicates with the external environment through the first circulation space 201. Specifically, the internal space of the cabinet 100 circulates gas with the external environment through the first air vent 101 and the first circulation space 201, and the internal space of the cabinet 100 also circulates gas with the external environment through the second air vent 102 and the first circulation space 201.

[0051] Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point A. (Reference) Figure 5As shown, the first air duct assembly includes a base plate 202 and protrusions 203. The first side of the base plate 202 may face the first side wall of the cabinet, and the protrusions 203 may be disposed on the first side of the base plate 202, i.e., the protrusions 203 face the first side wall of the cabinet. There may be at least two protrusions 203, spaced apart, with adjacent protrusions 203, the base plate 202, and the first side wall of the cabinet forming a first flow space 201. Overall, there may be multiple base plates 202. The protrusions 203 of the first air duct assembly are alternately arranged with the base plate 202 and interconnected, forming channels between adjacent protrusions 203. Openings are formed at both ends of the first air duct assembly, and each channel communicates with the external environment, thereby connecting the first flow space 201 with the external environment.

[0052] For example, if the number of protrusions 203 is n, n≥2, then the n protrusions 203 can form n-1 first circulation spaces 201 along the extension direction of the first air vent. Any one of the first circulation spaces 201 can allow the hot air flowing out of the cabinet and the cold air from the outside environment to circulate naturally.

[0053] It is understood that when a heat-conducting plate is provided between the first air duct assembly and the first side wall of the cabinet, the adjacent protrusions 203, the base plate 202, and the heat-conducting plate together form the first flow space 201.

[0054] In practical implementation, two or more protrusions 203 can be spaced apart along the extension direction of the first air vent, and each protrusion 203 can extend from the first air vent towards the second air vent. For example, when the first air vent extends horizontally and the first and second air vents are arranged vertically, two or more protrusions 203 can be spaced apart horizontally, and each protrusion 203 can extend vertically. The internal space of the cabinet can circulate air with the external environment through the first air vent and the first circulation space 201, and the internal space of the cabinet can also circulate air with the external environment through the second air vent and the first circulation space 201. The hot air flowing out of the cabinet and the cold air in the external environment undergo natural convection in the first circulation space 201, allowing air circulation between the inside and outside of the cabinet and realizing the dissipation of heat inside the cabinet.

[0055] In practice, the substrate 202 and the protrusion 203 can be made of the same material; for example, both can be made of metal. When the first air duct assembly is made entirely of metal, it can accelerate heat dissipation from a material perspective. From a structural perspective, the design of the protrusion 203 can increase the overall heat dissipation area of ​​the first air duct assembly, thereby also accelerating heat dissipation.

[0056] In some embodiments, the protrusion 203 may abut against the first sidewall. In this case, two adjacent protrusions 203, the first sidewall 103 of the cabinet and the base plate 202 may together form a first circulation space 201 with openings at both ends, and hot and cold air will naturally convect in the first circulation space 201.

[0057] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a first air duct assembly of a power distribution cabinet according to an embodiment of this application is shown. (Reference) Figure 6 As shown, there may be a small gap between the protrusion 203 and the first sidewall. The adjacent protrusions 203, the first sidewall of the cabinet, and the base plate 202 together form a first circulation space 201 with openings at both ends and gaps on the sides. Hot and cold air can convect naturally in the first circulation space 201 or through the gap between the protrusions 203 and the first sidewall, which increases the air circulation range to a certain extent and thus improves the heat exchange efficiency of hot and cold air. Regarding the structural design of the first air duct assembly, the height of the multiple protrusions 203 protruding from the base plate 202 can be the same, that is, the tops of the multiple protrusions 203 can be flush. Alternatively, the height of the multiple protrusions 203 protruding from the base plate 202 can also be different, which can be adapted according to the actual heat dissipation requirements and the specific structure of the first sidewall.

[0058] It is understandable that when a heat-conducting plate is provided between the first air duct assembly and the first side wall of the cabinet, there may be a small gap between the protrusion 203 and the heat-conducting plate.

[0059] Refer again Figure 5 In some embodiments, the protrusion 203 may be an arch-shaped structure consisting of three plate-like structures connected in sequence, having two sharp angles, wherein two plate-like structures are parallel and a third plate-like structure is connected between the two aforementioned plate-like structures. Furthermore, the arch may also be a smoothly transitioned arch.

[0060] Figure 7 This illustration shows another structural schematic diagram of the first air duct assembly of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 7 As shown, the protrusion 203 can be columnar, and the columnar protrusion 203 can be a rectangular or square columnar shape formed by four plate-like structures connected in sequence. Alternatively, the columnar protrusion 203 can also be a triangular prism formed by three plate-like structures connected in sequence, or a prism formed by four or more plate-like structures connected in sequence. Multiple plate-like structures can be assembled to form the columnar protrusion 203 and then connected to the substrate 202.

[0061] Figure 8 This illustration shows yet another structural schematic diagram of the first air duct assembly of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application. (See reference...) Figure 8As shown, multiple protrusions 203 can be arranged at intervals on a substrate 202.

[0062] Figure 9 This illustration shows yet another structural schematic diagram of the first air duct assembly of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application. (See reference...) Figure 9 As shown, the protrusion 203 can be plate-shaped, and the plate-shaped protrusion 203 can be perpendicular to the substrate 202. Alternatively, the plate-shaped protrusion 203 can form a certain angle with the substrate 202.

[0063] Following the above, the protrusion 203 can be formed first and then attached to the substrate 202, or it can be integrally formed with the substrate 202. The structures of multiple protrusions 203 can be the same or different, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0064] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the cabinet structure of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. (Reference) Figure 10 As shown, the third side wall 106 of the cabinet can be provided with a door structure 107 or a window structure. In addition, the third side wall 106 can be directly formed by a door or window structure to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of components inside the cabinet.

[0065] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application is shown, in which door structure 107 is in the open state. Figure 12 It shows Figure 11 The diagram shows the BB cross-section of the distribution cabinet. Please refer to it as well. Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, a second air duct assembly 300 can be installed inside the cabinet 100. In a specific implementation, the second air duct assembly 300 is positioned close to the first air vent 101 and can cover the first air vent 101. The second air duct assembly 300 is provided with a ventilation opening 301, and the internal space of the cabinet 100 can be connected to the external environment sequentially through the ventilation opening 301, the first air vent 101, and the first circulation space 201. For example, when the first air vent 101 is positioned close to the top wall of the cabinet 100, the second air duct assembly 300 can also be positioned close to the top wall of the cabinet 100. A cooling fan 302 can be installed at the ventilation opening 301 to accelerate the air circulation speed inside the cabinet 100 and improve the heat dissipation effect on the components inside the cabinet 100.

[0066] In a specific implementation, the second air duct assembly 300 may include a first plate 303 and a second plate 304 that are interconnected. The first plate 303 and the second plate 304 form a second circulation space 305 with the inner wall of the cabinet 100. When the first air vent 101 is located near the top wall of the cabinet 100, the first plate 303 and the second plate 304, together with the first side wall 103 of the cabinet 100, the side walls on the left and right sides of the first side wall 103, and the top wall, together form the second circulation space 305. The first air vent 101 communicates with the second circulation space 305, that is, the second air duct assembly 300 covers the first air vent 101 inside. In specific implementation, both ends of the first plate 303 and both ends of the second plate 304 can be connected to the side walls on the left and right sides of the cabinet 100. The first side of the first plate 303 can be connected to the first side wall 103 of the cabinet 100, the second side of the first plate 303 facing the first side can be connected to the first side of the second plate 304, and the second side of the second plate 304 facing the first side can be connected to the top wall of the cabinet 100. The first plate 303 can be horizontally arranged, and the second plate 304 can be vertically arranged. The ventilation opening 301 can be set on the first plate 303, enabling air to blow from top to bottom inside the cabinet 100. Alternatively, the ventilation opening 301 can be set on the second plate 304, or both the first plate 303 and the second plate 304 can be provided with ventilation openings 301. The internal space of the cabinet 100 can be connected to the second circulation space 305 through the ventilation vent 301, and the second circulation space 305 can be connected to the first circulation space 201 through the first air vent 101, thus realizing air circulation between the inside and outside of the cabinet 100. In addition, the second air duct assembly 300 can also reduce the direct intrusion of external dirt into the interior of the cabinet 100, and can play the role of intercepting and temporarily storing dirt. Compared with cleaning the internal space of the cabinet 100 and its components, regular cleaning of the second air duct assembly 300 is easier to operate and saves time and effort.

[0067] In specific implementation, the first plate 303 can be planar, curved, or other shapes, and the second plate 304 can also be planar, curved, or other shapes. The first plate 303 and the second plate 304 can be arranged perpendicular to each other or at an angle. The first plate 303 and the second plate 304 can be integrally formed and installed on the inner wall of the cabinet 100, forming the second circulation space 305 together with the inner wall of the cabinet 100.

[0068] In some other embodiments, the second air duct assembly 300 can also be a hollow barrel-shaped structure open at both ends. In addition to ventilation openings 301, the barrel wall may also have connecting openings. When installing the second air duct assembly 300, both ends of the second air duct assembly 300 can be connected to the left and right side walls of the first side wall 103 respectively, thereby forming a closed second flow space 305, and the connecting openings are connected to the first air vents 101. It can be understood that the number of connecting openings is the same as the number of first air vents 101, and the positions of the connecting openings match those of the first air vents 101.

[0069] Alternatively, the second air duct assembly 300 can also be a hollow barrel-shaped structure closed at both ends. Similarly, in addition to the ventilation openings 301, the barrel wall is also provided with connecting openings. The number of connecting openings is the same as that of the first air vent 101, and the positions of the connecting openings match those of the first air vent 101. When installing the second air duct assembly 300, the connecting openings can be connected to the first air vent 101, and the second air duct assembly 300 itself can form a second flow space 305.

[0070] Furthermore, the second air duct assembly 300 may specifically be provided with multiple air vents 301, which may be arranged horizontally at intervals on the second air duct assembly 300. For example, the multiple air vents 301 may be arranged horizontally at intervals on the first plate 303. Correspondingly, multiple cooling fans 302 may be provided, each corresponding to one of the multiple air vents 301, with each air vent 301 matched with one cooling fan 302. Alternatively, the number of cooling fans 302 may be greater than the number of air vents 301, and one or more cooling fans 302 may be provided for one air vent 301 to form a fan wall and increase the airflow.

[0071] It should be noted that the vent 301 can be directed towards areas inside the cabinet 100 with a high concentration of heat-generating components, thereby accelerating airflow in those areas, achieving targeted heat dissipation, and improving heat dissipation efficiency. By adjusting the direction of the cooling fan 302, the first vent 101 can be used as an air inlet and the second vent 102 as an air outlet, or the second vent 102 can be used as an air inlet and the first vent 101 as an air outlet.

[0072] Based on the above description, the power distribution cabinet of this application embodiment can achieve forced air cooling inside the cabinet 100 through the cooling fan 302, accelerate the airflow inside the cabinet 100, and quickly carry the hot air inside the cabinet 100 out of the cabinet 100 through the second air vent 102. In addition, a first air duct component 200 is designed to achieve natural convection outside the cabinet 100, and restrict the natural convection between the hot air flowing out of the cabinet 100 and the cold air in the outside environment to mainly take place in the first circulation space 201, thereby reducing the entry of external dust and dirt into the cabinet 100. This not only ensures the heat dissipation effect of the internal components and solves the problem of heat dissipation difficulty in high heat dissipation power distribution cabinets, but also reduces dust intrusion caused by direct ventilation, thus protecting the internal components.

[0073] Combination Figure 12 As shown in the diagram, when the first air vent 101 acts as an air inlet and the second air vent 102 acts as an air outlet, the cooling fan 302 draws air from the first air vent 101 into the second air circulation space 305, and then through the ventilation vent 301 into the cabinet 100. The air is then blown downwards from the top of the cabinet 100. The increased air pressure inside the cabinet 100 causes the existing hot air inside to flow out through the second air vent 102 into the first air circulation space 201. The hot air rises from the first air circulation space 201, while cool outside air is supplied from the end of the first air duct assembly 200 near the bottom wall of the cabinet 100. The hot and cold air enters the first circulation space 201, where they mix and undergo natural convection, completing heat exchange. A portion of the mixed air in the first circulation space 201 re-enters the cabinet 100 through the first air vent 101, while the other portion flows to the outside environment through the end of the first air duct assembly 200 near the top wall of the cabinet 100. This rapidly dissipates the heat generated by the heat-generating components inside the cabinet 100, such as copper busbars and circuit breakers, ensuring a relatively uniform temperature distribution within the cabinet 100. Furthermore, the natural convection between hot and cold air primarily occurs within the first circulation space 201, reducing the entry of external dust and contaminants into the cabinet 100. It can be understood that, under the guidance of the cooling fan 302, external cold air will also supplement the first circulation space 201 through the end of the first air duct assembly 200 near the top wall of the cabinet 100, undergoing natural convection with the hot air within the first circulation space 201. This does not conflict with the aforementioned airflow pattern.

[0074] Figure 13 An electrical schematic diagram of the auxiliary power supply board of the power distribution cabinet provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 13As shown, in practical implementation, the cooling fan can be electrically connected to the DC busbar of the distribution cabinet via an auxiliary circuit board. The auxiliary circuit board can be equipped with a DC / DC power supply circuit, which can directly draw power from the DC busbar and perform isolation transformation to output low-voltage DC power, such as 12V DC, to power the cooling fan circuit. By achieving isolation transformation through the auxiliary circuit board, the cooling fan can be directly powered from the DC busbar inside the cabinet, eliminating the need for an external power supply. This reduces the power supply requirements of the cooling components, simplifies wiring, and lowers costs.

[0075] In practical implementation, a temperature sensor can be installed inside the cabinet. This sensor monitors the ambient temperature and component temperatures within the cabinet. Based on actual measurements or thermal simulations, the temperature sensor can be positioned at a representative location within the cabinet where temperature changes are significant, such as near the DC busbar or near the circuit connection copper busbar. A control circuit can also be installed on the auxiliary circuit board. This control circuit and the temperature sensor can be electrically connected to the DC / DC power supply circuit, and the temperature sensor can be electrically connected to the control circuit. The temperature sensor, control circuit, and cooling fan form a temperature control module. The control circuit receives the detection signal from the temperature sensor and controls the operation of the cooling fan accordingly, including controlling the fan's start / stop, direction, and speed. This achieves temperature control, ensuring that the ambient temperature rise and component temperature rise within the cabinet are within acceptable ranges, thus achieving intelligent heat dissipation control.

[0076] In some alternative embodiments, the DC / DC power supply circuit on the auxiliary circuit board can output low-voltage DC power, and the control circuit can draw power from the DC / DC power supply circuit. Therefore, other functional modules that can be implemented by the low-voltage power supply can be expanded on the auxiliary circuit board, and controlled by the control circuit to implement specific functions. For example, a door magnetic alarm module can be expanded to implement a door magnetic alarm function, and a circuit breaker alarm module can be expanded to implement a circuit breaker alarm function, etc. It is understood that the door magnetic alarm module and the circuit breaker alarm module can also be each matched with a corresponding control circuit for independent control, and the matched control circuit can draw power from the DC / DC power supply circuit.

[0077] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A power distribution cabinet, characterized in that, include: The cabinet has a first air vent and a second air vent on its first side wall. The first air vent and the second air vent are spaced apart in the vertical direction. Along the vertical direction, the first air vent is located above the second air vent. The first air vent is an air inlet, and the second air vent is an air outlet. A first air duct assembly is disposed outside the cabinet and on the first side wall of the cabinet. The projection of the first air duct assembly on the first side wall covers the first air outlet and the second air outlet. A first circulation space is formed between the first air duct assembly and the first side wall. The first circulation space is connected to the external environment and is connected to the internal space of the cabinet through the first air outlet and the second air outlet. The second air duct assembly is disposed inside the cabinet and forms a second circulation space. The second circulation space is connected to the first air vent. The second air duct assembly is provided with a ventilation opening. The second circulation space is connected to the internal space of the cabinet through the ventilation opening. A cooling fan is provided at the ventilation opening. The air outlet of the cooling fan faces downward along the vertical direction.

2. The power distribution cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first air duct assembly includes a substrate and a protrusion; The substrate has a first side facing the first sidewall; The protrusion is disposed on the first side of the substrate, the protrusion extends from the first air vent to the second air vent, and there are at least two protrusions, which are spaced apart.

3. The power distribution cabinet as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The protrusion abuts against the first sidewall.

4. The power distribution cabinet as described in claim 2, characterized in that, There is a gap between the protrusion and the first sidewall.

5. The power distribution cabinet as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The protrusion is columnar or arched; Alternatively, the protrusion may be plate-shaped, and the plate-shaped protrusion may be perpendicular to the substrate.

6. The power distribution cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first air vent and the second air vent are both elongated strips, and the second air vent is arranged parallel to the first air vent. The first air vent extends horizontally on the first side wall of the cabinet.

7. The power distribution cabinet as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The second air duct assembly includes a first plate and a second plate that are connected to each other. The first plate and the second plate form the second circulation space with the inner wall of the cabinet. The vent is disposed on the first plate.

8. The power distribution cabinet as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first panel is horizontally positioned, and its first side is connected to the first side wall of the cabinet. The second panel is connected to the second side of the first panel facing the first side.

9. The power distribution cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heat-conducting plate, which is disposed on the first sidewall and located between the first sidewall and the first air duct assembly.

10. The power distribution cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a DC busbar and an auxiliary circuit board electrically connected to the DC busbar; A temperature sensor is installed inside the cabinet to detect the temperature inside the cabinet. The auxiliary circuit board is equipped with a DC / DC power supply circuit and a control circuit. The DC / DC power supply circuit is used to isolate and transform the output voltage of the DC bus before outputting it. The control circuit is electrically connected to the DC / DC power supply circuit, the temperature sensor, and the cooling fan, and is used to receive the detection signal from the temperature sensor and control the speed of the cooling fan according to the detection signal.

11. An energy storage DC power distribution system, characterized in that, Includes energy storage converters, DC energy storage devices, and distribution cabinets as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; The energy storage converter is used to convert electrical energy into AC and DC power, and the DC energy storage device is used to store or release DC electrical energy. The distribution cabinet is connected between the energy storage converter and the DC energy storage device for current distribution.

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