Fruit and vegetable internal quality testing device and testing method

Abstract

This invention relates to a fruit and vegetable internal quality testing device and method, including a testing box. The device and method feature a novel design and high testing accuracy. Multiple light signals at the testing location are collected by an auxiliary spectrometer using a positioning component, ensuring precise and simple acquisition. The spectrometer collects the near-infrared spectrum of the fruit and vegetable and sends it to an industrial control computer. The computer calculates the light energy at the testing location based on the multiple light signals and compensates for the light energy differences, resulting in low detection error and high accuracy. Furthermore, the computer analyzes the near-infrared spectrum against a pre-established decision model to derive the internal quality indicators of the tested fruit and vegetable. This allows for the detection of not only high, medium, or low sugar content but also the presence of moldy cores, providing precise detection and helping users differentiate between different quality fruits and vegetables. The method is efficient, time-saving, and labor-saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of internal quality testing technology for fruits and vegetables, and more specifically, to an internal quality testing device and method for fruits and vegetables. Background Technology

[0002] As living standards continue to improve, consumers are paying more and more attention to the quality of fruits when purchasing them. They not only focus on external qualities such as size, color, and shape, but also pay more and more attention to the taste of internal qualities such as sugar content and acidity.

[0003] Currently, research on the non-destructive detection of intrinsic quality parameters such as sugar content and acidity in fruits using near-infrared spectroscopy has been a hot topic for scholars both domestically and internationally in recent years. Existing fruit quality testing equipment generally utilizes the resonance characteristic of near-infrared light with chemical groups in fruits to obtain information related to internal physiological characteristics such as sugar content, mold, and sugar core through spectral analysis. This allows for large-scale, efficient, multi-level, and multi-grade sorting of fruits based on multiple indicators such as sugar content, acidity, moisture content, weight, color, and size. However, existing fruit quality testing equipment generally lacks a calibration module for calibrating light signals at different states, resulting in insufficient measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for detecting the internal quality of fruits and vegetables, in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device, including a detection box; wherein, the bottom of the detection box is provided with a detection channel for the fruit and vegetables to be tested to pass through; both ends of the detection channel are provided with light-blocking curtains to block external light from entering the detection channel; at least one detection position is provided in the detection channel; multiple fruits and vegetables to be tested pass through the detection position in sequence; the detection box is provided with an optical path module for illuminating the detection position, a spectrometer for collecting the light signal on the detection position, a calibration module for assisting the spectrometer in collecting the light signal, and an industrial control computer electrically connected to the spectrometer; the calibration module includes a calibration component movably set on the detection position; the spectrometer collects light signals in different states according to the movement trajectory of the calibration component; the spectrometer collects the near-infrared spectrum of the fruit and vegetables according to the light signal and sends the near-infrared spectrum to the industrial control computer; the industrial control computer calculates the light energy on the detection position according to multiple light signals, and performs data analysis on the near-infrared spectrum with a pre-established decision model to obtain the internal quality index of the detected fruit and vegetables.

[0006] The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device of the present invention includes a calibration module that further includes a light receiver for collecting light signals to the detection position; the light receiver is connected to the spectrometer via a data cable; a light-blocking component for intercepting light signals is provided between the light receiver and the calibration component; the light-blocking component is fixedly connected to the calibration component; a first optical channel for the light signal to pass through is provided on the light-blocking component; when the optical path module irradiates the calibration component, it diffusely reflects the light signal toward the light receiver, and the first optical channel is located on the path of diffuse reflection of the calibration component; the calibration module further includes a power component for driving the light-blocking component and the calibration component to move simultaneously.

[0007] The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device of the present invention includes a light-shielding component and a calibration component, wherein the calibration module has multiple movement states during the movement of the light-shielding component and the calibration component. One movement state is that the calibration component is located within the detection position, the receiving end of the light receiver corresponds to the first optical channel, and the calibration component diffusely reflects light towards the first optical channel. A second movement state is that part of the calibration component is located within the detection position, and the receiving end of the light receiver intersects with the first optical channel. A third movement state is that the detection position is empty or has fruit and vegetables placed on it, and the receiving end of the light receiver directly collects the light signal reflected from the detection position or the fruit and vegetables.

[0008] The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device of the present invention includes a calibration module further comprising a mounting base and a fixed base disposed above the detection position; the mounting base and the fixed base are fixedly connected by a connecting block; the light-shielding component and the calibration component are movably disposed between the mounting base and the fixed base; the light-shielding component is rotatably connected to the mounting base via a first rotary bearing; the light receiver is fixedly disposed on the mounting base; the fixed base is provided with a power component for driving the light-shielding component and the calibration component to rotate around the light receiver; the power component includes a connecting arm and a drive motor for driving the connecting arm to rotate; one end of the connecting arm is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor, and the other end is rotatably connected to the light-shielding component via a second rotary bearing.

[0009] The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device of the present invention includes a light-shielding component comprising a swing arm and a light-shielding plate fixedly connected to the swing arm; the first light channel is located on the light-shielding plate; a connecting member rotatably connected to the first rotating bearing is fixedly installed on the side of the swing arm facing the mounting base, and a fixing hole for fixing the second rotating bearing is provided on the side facing the mounting base.

[0010] The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device of the present invention includes an optical path module comprising two illumination components symmetrically arranged on both sides of the detection position; both illumination components emit light signals toward the detection position.

[0011] The fruit and vegetable internal quality testing device of the present invention includes a dark chamber located on both sides of the testing channel inside the testing box for placing the light-emitting component; the two dark chambers are respectively connected to the testing channel through a second light channel.

[0012] The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device of the present invention includes a halogen lamp and a lens assembly that guides the light signal of the halogen lamp through the second light channel to illuminate the detection position.

[0013] The fruit and vegetable internal quality testing device of the present invention includes a heat dissipation component in each of the two dark chambers for cooling the halogen lamp and / or the lens assembly.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for detecting the internal quality of fruits and vegetables, using the fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device as described above, wherein the detection method includes the following steps:

[0015] S10: Before testing fruits and vegetables, power on the testing device and start the spectrometer and calibration module. The calibration module assists the spectrometer in collecting the first light signal of diffuse reflection when the light source shines on the calibration piece and the dark noise signal in the detection channel.

[0016] S20: Place the fruits and vegetables on the conveying device and move them to the detection position with the conveying device; the spectrometer collects the second light signal of the light source shining on the fruits and vegetables;

[0017] S30: After the spectrometer collects the near-infrared spectrum of fruits and vegetables based on the first light signal, the dark noise signal and the second light signal, it sends the near-infrared spectrum to the industrial control computer and extracts the effective near-infrared spectral band of the fruits and vegetables.

[0018] S40: The industrial control computer calculates the spectral signal of the light source illuminating the detection position based on the first light signal, the dark noise signal and the second light signal, and corrects the spectral signal; it uses a genetic algorithm to screen out the effective near-infrared spectral frames of fruits and vegetables, and at the same time performs data analysis with the near-infrared spectral frames and the pre-established decision model to obtain the internal quality indicators of the detected fruits and vegetables.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device and its detection method are novel in design and have high detection accuracy. Before detecting the fruit and vegetable to be tested, the spectrometer is first assisted by the cursor positioning module to collect the first light signal of diffuse reflection when the light source shines on the detection position and the dark noise signal in the detection channel. Then, the fruit and vegetable to be tested is moved to the detection position, and the spectrometer directly collects the second light signal of the light source shining on the fruit and vegetable. The spectrometer collects the near-infrared spectrum of the fruit and vegetable based on the first light signal, dark noise signal, and second light signal, and sends the near-infrared spectrum to the industrial control computer. The industrial control computer calculates the light energy at the detection position based on the first light signal, dark noise, and second light signal, and then compensates for the light energy to reduce the difference in light energy. The acquisition and processing method is simple, the detection error is small, and the accuracy is high. Moreover, the industrial control computer performs data analysis on the near-infrared spectrum and the pre-established decision model to obtain the internal quality indicators of the detected fruit and vegetable. It can not only detect whether the sugar content of the fruit and vegetable is high, medium, or low, but also detect whether there is moldy core. The detection is accurate and can help users distinguish between fruits and vegetables of different qualities. It is efficient, time-saving, and labor-saving. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal quality detection device for fruits and vegetables according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cursor positioning module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cursor positioning module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cursor positioning module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 (Movement state of the cursor module 1);

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cursor positioning module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 (Movement state of the cursor module, part two);

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cursor positioning module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 (Cursor positioning module movement status 3);

[0028] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a fruit and vegetable internal quality detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0030] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0031] "Multiple" refers to two or more; moreover, the terms indicating orientation such as "front, back, left, right, upper end, lower end, longitudinal" are all based on the posture and position of the device or equipment described in this solution during normal use.

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, a clear and complete description will be provided below in conjunction with the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device, such as... Figure 1-2As shown, a fruit and vegetable internal quality testing device includes a testing box 100; the bottom of the testing box 100 is provided with a testing channel 101 through which the fruits and vegetables to be tested pass; both ends of the testing channel 101 are provided with light-blocking curtains 102 to block external light from entering the testing channel 101; the two light-blocking curtains effectively block the light at the entrance and exit of the testing channel, reducing the entry of natural light and protecting the testing channel from interference from external light; the testing channel 101 is provided with at least one testing position 103, which is a space illuminated by a light source, and fruits or other items to be tested can be placed in this space; multiple fruits and vegetables to be tested can pass through the testing position 103 sequentially through an external conveyor device, which is a conveyor belt device of the prior art, and will not be described in detail here; the testing box 100 is provided with an optical path module 104 for illuminating the testing position 103, a spectrometer 200 for collecting the light signal on the testing position 103, a cursor positioning module 105 for assisting the spectrometer 200 in collecting the light signal, and an electrical connection module 105 for the spectrometer 200. The connected industrial control computer (not shown in the figure) is a computer. The calibration module 105 includes a calibration element 1052 movably set on the detection position 103. The spectrometer 200 collects light signals in different states along the movement trajectory of the calibration element 1052. The spectrometer 200 collects the near-infrared spectrum of fruits and vegetables based on the light signals and sends the near-infrared spectrum to the industrial control computer (not shown in the figure). The industrial control computer (not shown in the figure) calculates the light energy of the light path module 104 irradiating the detection position 103 based on multiple light signals, and then compensates for the light energy. It also performs data analysis on the near-infrared spectrum and a pre-established decision model to obtain the internal quality indicators of the detected fruits and vegetables. For example, it can detect whether the sugar content of the fruits and vegetables is high, medium, or low, and can also detect whether there is mold or other internal quality issues, thereby helping users distinguish between fruits and vegetables of different qualities. It is worth noting that the decision model can adopt the partial least squares regression model algorithm in the prior art, or other algorithms in the prior art. All of the above are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0034] This fruit and vegetable internal quality testing device and its testing method are novel in design and have high detection accuracy. Before testing the fruit and vegetables to be tested, the spectrometer first collects the first light signal of diffuse reflection when the light source shines on the detection position and the dark noise signal in the detection channel through the cursor positioning module. Then, the fruit and vegetables to be tested are moved to the detection position, and the spectrometer directly collects the second light signal of the light source shining on the fruit and vegetables. The spectrometer collects the near-infrared spectrum of the fruit and vegetables based on the first light signal, dark noise signal, and second light signal, and sends the near-infrared spectrum to the industrial control computer. The industrial control computer calculates the light energy at the detection position based on the first light signal, dark noise, and second light signal, and then compensates for the light energy to reduce the difference in light energy. The acquisition and processing method is simple, the detection error is small, and the accuracy is high. Moreover, the industrial control computer analyzes the near-infrared spectrum with the pre-established decision model to obtain the internal quality indicators of the tested fruit and vegetables. It can not only detect whether the sugar content of the fruit and vegetables is high, medium, or low, but also detect whether there is moldy core. The detection is accurate and can help users distinguish fruits and vegetables of different qualities. It is efficient, time-saving, and labor-saving.

[0035] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the calibration module 105 includes a receiver 1051 for acquiring light signals to the detection position 103; the receiver 1051 is connected to the spectrometer 200 via a data cable (not shown); a light-blocking component 1053 is provided between the receiver 1051 and the calibration component 1052 to intercept light signals; the light-blocking component 1053 is fixedly connected to the calibration component 1052; a first optical channel 1054 for the light signal to pass through is provided on the light-blocking component 1053; when the optical path module 104 illuminates the calibration component 1052, it diffusely reflects the light signal toward the receiver 1051, and the first optical channel 1054 is located on the path of diffuse reflection from the calibration component 1052; the calibration module 105 also includes a power component 1055 for moving the light-blocking component 1053 and the calibration component 1052 simultaneously; this facilitates the acquisition of light signals at the detection position.

[0036] Preferably, during the movement of the light-shielding component 1053 and the calibration component 1052, the calibration module 105 has multiple movement states, and the spectrometer 200 collects light signals in different states along the movement trajectory of the calibration component 1052, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the first movement state of the calibration module is as follows: the calibration element 1052 is located in the detection position 103, the receiving end of the receiver 1051 corresponds to the first optical channel 1054, the calibration element 1052 diffusely reflects light towards the first optical channel 1054, and the light source emits light signals towards the optical channel after being diffusely reflected by the calibration element. At this time, the receiver can assist the spectrometer in collecting the first light signal passing through the optical channel, that is, the reference light signal.

[0037] like Figure 6As shown, the second movement state of the calibration module is as follows: part of the calibration component 1052 moves into the detection position 103, and the receiving end of the receiver 1051 intersects with the first optical channel 1054; the light signal in the detection position is intercepted by the light shielding component, and the receiver assists the spectrometer to collect the dark noise light signal on the light shielding component.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, the third movement state of the calibration module is as follows: the calibration component and the light-shielding component move out of the detection position, the detection position 103 is empty or has fruits and vegetables placed on it, and the receiving end of the light receiver 1051 directly collects the second light signal reflected by the detection position 103 or the fruits and vegetables, that is, the detection light signal; the light signal in multiple states is collected by the assisted spectrometer 200 through the calibration module, which is convenient for collection. Subsequently, by comparing the collected second light signal with the first light signal and the dark noise light signal respectively, the change of light source energy can be calculated, and then the light energy can be compensated to reduce the difference in light energy.

[0039] Preferably, the calibration module 105 further includes a mounting base 1056 and a fixing base 1057 disposed above the detection position 103; the mounting base 1056 and the fixing base 1057 are fixedly connected by a connecting block 1058; the light-shielding component 1053 and the calibration component 1052 are movably disposed between the mounting base 1056 and the fixing base 1057; the light-shielding component 1053 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 1056 through a first rotary bearing 1059; the light receiver 1051 is fixedly disposed on the mounting base 1056; the fixing base 1057 is provided with a power component 1055 for driving the light-shielding component 1053 and the calibration component 1052 to rotate around the light receiver 1051; the power component 1055 includes a connecting arm 1055-1 and a drive arm 1055-1. A rotating drive motor 1055-2 is included; one end of the connecting arm 1055-1 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 1055-2, and the other end is rotatably connected to the light-shielding component 1053 through the second rotating bearing 1055-3; during adjustment, the drive motor drives the connecting arm to rotate, thereby driving the light-shielding component to rotate around the first rotating bearing as the axis, resulting in good transmission performance and stable structure; furthermore, in order to enable the power component to drive the light-shielding plate to rotate more quickly and effortlessly, the central axis of the first rotating bearing and the central axis of the second rotating bearing are located on the same straight line; it is worth noting that the power component can also adopt other structures in the prior art that drive the light-shielding component and calibration component to rotate around the light receiver, all of which fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0040] Preferably, the light-shielding assembly 1053 includes a swing arm 1053-1 and a light-shielding plate 1053-2 fixedly connected to the swing arm 1053-1; the first light channel 1054 is located on the light-shielding plate 1053-2; a connector 1053-3 rotatably connected to the first rotating bearing 1059 is fixedly installed on the side of the swing arm 1053-1 facing the mounting base 1056, and a fixing hole 1053-4 for fixing the second rotating bearing 1055-3 is provided on the side facing the fixing base 1057; furthermore, the rotation angle of the swing arm is increased so that the light receiver can collect more light signals from the detection position, and an inwardly extending clearance groove 1053-5 for the insertion of the connecting block is provided on one side of the swing arm 1053-1. Preferably, the swing arm has a fan-shaped structure.

[0041] Preferably, the optical path module 104 includes two illumination components symmetrically arranged on both sides of the detection position 103; both illumination components simultaneously emit light signals toward the detection position 103, using visible / near-infrared light to directly contact the fruit peel, making it easier for the spectrometer to collect the spectrum scattered from the inside of the fruit; by emitting light signals to the detection position simultaneously through the illumination components on both sides, not only is the light energy at the detection position higher and the signal-to-noise ratio greater, but stray light at the detection position is also greatly reduced, enabling the spectrometer to collect the effective signal at the detection position more quickly and accurately.

[0042] Preferably, the detection box 100 has two dark chambers 106 located on both sides of the detection channel 101 for placing the light irradiation components; the two dark chambers 106 are respectively connected to the detection channel 101 through the second light channel 107; the two second light channels are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the detection position to avoid interference with the test results.

[0043] Preferably, the illumination component includes a halogen lamp 1041 and a lens assembly 1042 that guides the light signal of the halogen lamp 1041 through the second light channel 107 to illuminate the detection position 103. It is worth noting that this lens assembly is prior art and multiple lens combinations can be used to refract the light from the halogen lamp toward the detection position.

[0044] Because the energy of the light source is easily affected by high temperature and fluctuates, in order to make the energy of the light source emitted by the halogen lamp more stable, heat dissipation components 108 are provided in both dark chambers 106. Multiple heat dissipation components can be provided, which can cool the halogen lamp 1041 or the lens assembly 1042, or simultaneously cool the halogen lamp 1041 and the lens assembly 1042. All of the above are within the scope of protection of this invention. The heat dissipation component is a cooling fan. The heat dissipation component can not only greatly reduce the fluctuation of the light source, but also extend the service life of the halogen lamp, with good effect.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] A method for detecting the internal quality of fruits and vegetables, using the fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device as described in Example 1, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the detection method includes the following steps:

[0047] S10: Before testing fruits and vegetables, power on the testing device and start the spectrometer 200 and the calibration module 105. The calibration module 105 assists the spectrometer 200 in collecting the first light signal diffusely reflected when the light source shines on the calibration piece and in collecting the dark noise signal in the detection channel.

[0048] S20: Place the fruits and vegetables on the conveyor and move them to the detection position 103 with the conveyor; the spectrometer collects the second light signal of the light source shining on the fruits and vegetables;

[0049] S30: After the spectrometer 200 collects the near-infrared spectrum of fruits and vegetables based on the first light signal, dark noise signal and second light signal, it sends the near-infrared spectrum to the industrial control computer and extracts the effective near-infrared spectral band of the fruits and vegetables.

[0050] S40: The industrial control computer calculates the spectral signal of the light source illuminating the detection position based on the first light signal, the dark noise signal and the second light signal, and corrects the spectral signal; it uses a genetic algorithm to screen out the effective near-infrared spectral frames of fruits and vegetables, and at the same time performs data analysis with the near-infrared spectral frames and the pre-established decision model to obtain the internal quality indicators of the tested fruits and vegetables.

[0051] This method for detecting the internal quality of fruits and vegetables is novel in design, highly accurate, simple in data collection and processing, and has small detection errors. Furthermore, the industrial control computer analyzes the near-infrared spectrum with a pre-established decision model to obtain the internal quality indicators of the tested fruits and vegetables. It can not only detect whether the sugar content of the fruits and vegetables is high, medium, or low, but also detect whether there is moldy core. The detection is accurate and can help users distinguish between fruits and vegetables of different qualities. It is efficient, time-saving, and labor-saving.

[0052] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fruit and vegetable internal quality testing device, comprising a testing box; characterized in that, The bottom of the testing box is provided with a testing channel for the fruits and vegetables to be tested to pass through; both ends of the testing channel are provided with light-blocking curtains to block external light from entering the testing channel; at least one testing position is provided in the testing channel; multiple fruits and vegetables to be tested pass through the testing position in sequence; the testing box is provided with an optical path module for illuminating the testing position, a spectrometer for collecting the light signal at the testing position, a calibration module to assist the spectrometer in collecting the light signal, and an industrial control computer electrically connected to the spectrometer; the calibration module includes a calibration component movably set on the testing position; the spectrometer collects light signals in different states according to the movement trajectory of the calibration component; the spectrometer collects the near-infrared spectrum of the fruits and vegetables according to the light signal and sends the near-infrared spectrum to the industrial control computer; the industrial control computer calculates the light energy at the testing position based on multiple light signals, and performs data analysis on the near-infrared spectrum with a pre-established decision model to obtain the internal quality indicators of the tested fruits and vegetables. The calibration module further includes a receiver for acquiring light signals to the detection position; the receiver is connected to the spectrometer via a data cable; a light-blocking component for intercepting light signals is provided between the receiver and the calibration component; the light-blocking component is fixedly connected to the calibration component; a first optical channel for the light signal to pass through is provided on the light-blocking component; when the optical path module illuminates the calibration component, it diffusely reflects the light signal towards the receiver, and the first optical channel is located on the path of diffuse reflection from the calibration component; the calibration module further includes a power component for driving the light-blocking component and the calibration component to move simultaneously. During the movement of the light-shielding component and the calibration component, the calibration module has multiple movement states. One movement state is where the calibration component is located within the detection position, the receiver of the light receiver corresponds to the first optical channel, and the calibration component diffusely reflects light towards the first optical channel. A second movement state is where part of the calibration component is located within the detection position, and the receiver of the light receiver intersects with the first optical channel. A third movement state is where the detection position is empty or has fruits and vegetables placed on it, and the receiver of the light receiver directly collects the light signal reflected from the detection position or the fruits and vegetables. The calibration module further includes a mounting base and a fixed base disposed above the detection position; the mounting base and the fixed base are fixedly connected by a connecting block; the light-shielding component and the calibration component are movably disposed between the mounting base and the fixed base; the light-shielding component is rotatably connected to the mounting base through a first rotary bearing; the light receiver is fixedly disposed on the mounting base; the fixed base is provided with a power component that drives the light-shielding component and the calibration component to rotate around the light receiver; the power component includes a connecting arm and a drive motor that drives the connecting arm to rotate; one end of the connecting arm is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor, and the other end is rotatably connected to the light-shielding component through a second rotary bearing.

2. The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-shielding assembly includes a swing arm and a light-shielding plate fixedly connected to the swing arm; the first light channel is located on the light-shielding plate; a connector rotatably connected to the first rotating bearing is fixedly installed on the side of the swing arm facing the mounting base, and a fixing hole for fixing the second rotating bearing is provided on the side facing the mounting base.

3. The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical path module includes two illumination components symmetrically arranged on both sides of the detection position; both illumination components emit light signals toward the detection position.

4. The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detection box contains dark chambers on both sides of the detection channel for placing the light-emitting components; the two dark chambers are connected to the detection channel through a second light channel.

5. The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The illumination assembly includes a halogen lamp and a lens assembly that guides the light signal from the halogen lamp through the second light channel to illuminate the detection position.

6. The fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both of the aforementioned dark chambers are equipped with heat dissipation components to cool down the halogen lamp and / or the lens assembly.

7. A method for detecting the internal quality of fruits and vegetables, using the fruit and vegetable internal quality detection device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The detection method includes the following steps: S10: Before testing fruits and vegetables, power on the testing device and start the spectrometer and calibration module. The calibration module assists the spectrometer in collecting the first light signal of diffuse reflection when the light source shines on the calibration piece and the dark noise signal in the detection channel. S20: Place the fruits and vegetables on the conveying device and move them to the detection position with the conveying device; the spectrometer collects the second light signal of the light source shining on the fruits and vegetables; S30: After the spectrometer collects the near-infrared spectrum of fruits and vegetables based on the first light signal, the dark noise signal and the second light signal, it sends the near-infrared spectrum to the industrial control computer and extracts the effective near-infrared spectral band of the fruits and vegetables. S40: The industrial control computer calculates the spectral signal of the light source illuminating the detection position based on the first light signal, the dark noise signal and the second light signal, and corrects the spectral signal; it uses a genetic algorithm to screen out the effective near-infrared spectral frames of fruits and vegetables, and at the same time performs data analysis with the near-infrared spectral frames and the pre-established decision model to obtain the internal quality indicators of the detected fruits and vegetables.

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