Membrane electrode testing methods and apparatus

Abstract

This invention discloses a membrane electrode testing method and apparatus. The method involves cycling the membrane electrode multiple times, with each cycle including an anolyte voltage cycle durability test and a reverse polarity resistance test, thereby achieving durability testing of the anolyte catalyst layer. The anolyte voltage cycle durability test primarily addresses the impact of vehicle start-stop processes on the membrane electrode; therefore, this method considers the anolyte catalyst degradation caused by start-stop cycles. The reverse polarity resistance test corresponds to hydrogen starvation conditions. In other words, this method and apparatus simultaneously consider both anolyte reverse polarity and anolyte catalyst degradation caused by start-stop cycles, enabling rapid testing of the membrane electrode's lifespan and durability based on the start-stop and reverse polarity processes occurring on the anode side, thus improving test accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell membrane electrode technology, and in particular to a membrane electrode testing method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is the region where the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell occurs. It is the core component of the entire fuel cell system, and its output performance and durability determine the performance and lifespan of the fuel cell.

[0003] Currently, methods to accelerate membrane electrode lifetime mainly target cathode catalysts and proton exchange membranes, while there are very few accelerated lifetime testing methods for anode catalyst degradation caused by anode reverse polarity and start-up / shutdown.

[0004] Some accelerated lifetime testing methods for anolyte catalyst degradation only focus on the effect of anolyte reversal on the membrane electrode, ignoring the damage to the membrane electrode caused by catalyst degradation during start-up and shutdown, resulting in inaccurate membrane electrode durability testing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a membrane electrode testing method and apparatus to rapidly test the lifespan or durability of the membrane electrode based on the start-up, shutdown, and anode reversal processes occurring on the anode side, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a membrane electrode testing method, comprising: a durability test of the anodic catalyst layer of the membrane electrode, specifically including:

[0007] The membrane electrode is cycled for multiple cycles until the set termination conditions are met. Each cycle includes an anode voltage cycle endurance test and a reverse polarity test.

[0008] Optionally, the membrane electrode can be tested for multiple cycles until a set termination condition is met, including:

[0009] The membrane electrode underwent anodic voltage cycle durability testing, specifically including:

[0010] Nitrogen gas is introduced into the anode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode assembly, and hydrogen gas is introduced into the cathode side. Under preset pressure, preset temperature and preset anode and cathode humidity conditions, and with the fuel cell load in voltage mode, a voltage within a preset voltage range with a preset voltage scan rate is applied between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell. When the number of voltage scans reaches the preset number of scans, one anode voltage cycle endurance test is completed.

[0011] The reverse polarity resistance test of the membrane electrode includes:

[0012] Hydrogen gas is introduced into the anode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode assembly, and air or oxygen gas is introduced into the cathode side. The preset pressure, preset temperature and preset anode and cathode humidity are kept constant. The load of the fuel cell is switched to current mode, and the current density is increased to the preset current density at a preset current density change rate. After maintaining the preset current density for a first preset time, the hydrogen gas introduced into the anode side of the fuel cell is switched to nitrogen gas. This process is continued for a second preset time to complete one reverse polarity test.

[0013] Determine whether the test on the membrane electrode has met the set termination conditions. If yes, end the test on the membrane electrode; otherwise, return to the step of performing the anodic voltage cycle durability test on the membrane electrode.

[0014] Optionally, after performing anodic voltage cycle durability testing on the membrane electrode and before performing reverse polarity resistance testing on the membrane electrode, the following steps are also included:

[0015] The voltage load of the fuel cell is reduced to 0, while the preset pressure, preset temperature, and preset anode and cathode humidity are kept constant. The hydrogen gas introduced to the cathode side is switched to nitrogen gas, and the fuel cell is purged for a third preset time.

[0016] Optionally, after performing the reverse polarity test on the membrane electrode and before determining whether the test on the membrane electrode has met the set termination conditions, the following steps are also included:

[0017] Reduce the current load of the fuel cell to 0, keep the preset pressure, preset temperature and preset anode and cathode humidity unchanged, switch the gas introduced to the cathode side to nitrogen, and purge the fuel cell for a fourth preset time.

[0018] Optional settings include a preset pressure greater than or equal to atmospheric pressure, a preset temperature greater than or equal to 75 degrees Celsius, a preset anode and cathode humidity of 100%, and a preset voltage range of 0.05V-1V.

[0019] Optionally, the preset current density corresponding to the reverse polarity test is not exactly the same for different test cycles.

[0020] Optionally, the membrane electrode can be tested for multiple cycles until a set termination condition is met, including:

[0021] After testing the membrane electrode with a set number of cycles, intermediate performance analysis of the membrane electrode is performed.

[0022] Continue testing the membrane electrode until the set termination conditions are met.

[0023] Optionally, before testing the membrane electrode cyclically for multiple cycles, the following may also be included:

[0024] Obtain the first initial current-voltage polarization curve on the anode side and the second initial current-voltage polarization curve on the cathode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode.

[0025] After testing the membrane electrode for a set number of cycles, intermediate performance analysis of the membrane electrode is performed, including:

[0026] After testing the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for a set number of cycles, the first intermediate current-voltage polarization curve on the anode side and the second intermediate current-voltage polarization curve on the cathode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the MEA are obtained.

[0027] An anodic polarization intermediate performance analysis was performed based on the first initial current-voltage polarization curve and the first intermediate current-voltage polarization curve.

[0028] The intermediate performance of cathode polarization was analyzed based on the second initial current-voltage polarization curve and the second intermediate current-voltage polarization curve.

[0029] Optionally, after performing multiple cycles of testing on the membrane electrode until the set termination condition is met, the following steps are also included:

[0030] Obtain the first final current-voltage polarization curve on the anode side and the second final current-voltage polarization curve on the cathode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode.

[0031] The final performance analysis of anodic polarization is performed based on the first initial current-voltage polarization curve and the first final current-voltage polarization curve.

[0032] The final performance analysis of cathode polarization was performed based on the second initial current-voltage polarization curve and the second final current-voltage polarization curve.

[0033] Optionally, before performing a test on the membrane electrode with a set number of cycles, the following may also be included:

[0034] Obtain the initial electrochemical active area of ​​the anode and the initial electrochemical active area of ​​the cathode of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode assembly;

[0035] After cycling the membrane electrode for a set number of cycles, intermediate performance analysis of the membrane electrode is performed, which also includes:

[0036] After testing the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for a set number of cycles, the intermediate electrochemical active area of ​​the anode and the initial electrochemical active area of ​​the cathode of the fuel cell corresponding to the MEA were obtained.

[0037] Intermediate electrochemical analysis was performed based on the initial and intermediate electrochemical active areas of the anode, as well as the initial and intermediate electrochemical active areas of the cathode.

[0038] Optionally, after cycling the membrane electrode for multiple cycles until the set termination condition is met, the following steps are also included:

[0039] Obtain the final electrochemical active area of ​​the anode and the final electrochemical active area of ​​the cathode of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode assembly;

[0040] Final electrochemical analysis was performed based on the initial and final electrochemical active areas of the anode, as well as the initial and final electrochemical active areas of the cathode.

[0041] Optionally, the termination conditions may include the number of cycles of the membrane electrode test reaching a preset number of cycles, or the voltage difference between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode being less than a set voltage.

[0042] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a membrane electrode testing device, characterized in that it comprises:

[0043] The testing module is used to cycle the membrane electrode multiple times until the set termination conditions are met. Each cycle test includes an anode voltage cycle endurance test and a reverse polarity resistance test.

[0044] The membrane electrode testing method and apparatus of this invention perform multiple cycles of testing on the membrane electrode. Each cycle includes an anolyte voltage cycle durability test and a reverse polarity resistance test, thereby achieving durability testing of the anolyte catalyst layer of the membrane electrode. The anolyte voltage cycle durability test primarily addresses the impact of vehicle start-stop processes on the membrane electrode; therefore, the membrane electrode testing method of this embodiment considers the anolyte catalyst degradation caused by start-stop operations. The reverse polarity resistance test corresponds to hydrogen starvation conditions. In other words, the membrane electrode testing method and apparatus of this embodiment simultaneously consider both anolyte reverse polarity and anolyte catalyst degradation caused by start-stop operations, thus enabling rapid testing of the membrane electrode's lifespan and durability based on the start-stop and anolyte reverse polarity processes occurring on the anode side, improving test accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of another membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of another membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of another membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of another membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0052] This invention provides a method for testing membrane electrodes. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, see reference. Figure 1 The membrane electrode testing method includes durability testing of the anodic catalyst layer of the membrane electrode, wherein the durability testing of the anodic catalyst layer of the membrane electrode includes anodic voltage cycle durability testing and reverse polarity resistance testing. Specifically, the membrane electrode testing method includes:

[0053] Step 110: Perform multiple cycles of testing on the membrane electrode until the set termination conditions are met. Each cycle of testing includes one anode voltage cycle endurance test and one reverse polarity resistance test.

[0054] During operation, the anode typically undergoes three processes: start-up / shutdown, normal operation, and hydrogen starvation. Start-up / shutdown and hydrogen starvation can severely damage the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). When a fuel cell starts, hydrogen is introduced into the anode channel, which contains a large amount of air. After the battery stops operating, air diffuses into the anode, which contains residual hydrogen. During these two processes, a hydrogen-oxygen interface forms. Studies have shown that the hydrogen-oxygen interface formed at the anode accelerates carbon corrosion of the cathode catalyst layer. Similarly, hydrogen starvation can occur in different operating modes of fuel cell vehicles, such as start-up, shutdown, and load cycling. Furthermore, hydrogen supply system malfunctions, flooding of the anode flow channel, and the introduction of foreign impurities can also lead to hydrogen shortages. When hydrogen starvation occurs, the anode cannot provide enough electrons and protons, resulting in an increase in voltage, which triggers water electrolysis and carbon oxidation reactions, easily causing anode reverse polarity.

[0055] In this embodiment, the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is tested for multiple cycles. Each cycle includes an anolyte voltage cycle durability test and a reverse polarity resistance test, thereby achieving durability testing of the MEA anolyte catalyst layer. The anolyte voltage cycle durability test primarily addresses the impact of vehicle start-stop processes on the MEA; therefore, the MEA testing method in this embodiment considers the anolyte catalyst degradation caused by start-stop operations. The reverse polarity resistance test corresponds to hydrogen starvation conditions. In other words, the MEA testing method in this embodiment considers both anolyte reverse polarity and anolyte catalyst degradation caused by start-stop operations, enabling rapid testing of the MEA's lifespan and durability based on the start-stop and anolyte reverse polarity processes occurring on the anode side, thus improving test accuracy.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of another membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, see reference. Figure 2 Optionally, the membrane electrode testing method includes:

[0057] Step 210: Perform an anodic voltage cycle durability test on the membrane electrode.

[0058] Specifically, step 210 includes: introducing nitrogen gas into the anode side and hydrogen gas into the cathode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode; under preset pressure, preset temperature and preset anode and cathode humidity conditions, and with the fuel cell load in voltage mode, applying a voltage within a preset voltage range that varies at a preset voltage scan rate between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell; and ending one anode voltage cycle durability test when the number of voltage scans reaches the preset number of scans.

[0059] Specifically, the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) can first be fabricated into a single fuel cell. Then, nitrogen gas is introduced to the anode side and hydrogen gas to the cathode side. Under preset pressure, temperature, and anode / cathode humidity conditions, and with the fuel cell load in voltage mode, a voltage within a preset range is applied between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell at a preset voltage scan rate. Optionally, the preset voltage range is 0.05V-1V. The voltage applied between the anode and cathode can be increased from 0.05V to 1V at the preset voltage scan rate, and then decreased from 1V back to 0.05V at the same preset voltage scan rate. This cycle can be considered one voltage scan. When the preset number of voltage scans is reached, one anode voltage cycle endurance test is completed. For example, the voltage scan rate can be greater than or equal to 100mV / s, but other values ​​can be set according to actual conditions. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations. The preset number of scans can be set according to actual test conditions.

[0060] In this step, the process of performing an anode voltage cycle durability test on the membrane electrode can cover the entire operation of the fuel cell, including the start-up and shutdown process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the anode voltage cycle durability test focuses on the impact of start-up and shutdown on the anode catalyst layer, making the test of the membrane electrode more comprehensive.

[0061] Optionally, the preset pressure is greater than or equal to atmospheric pressure, the preset temperature is greater than or equal to 75°C, and the preset anode and cathode humidity is 100%. The preset anode and cathode humidity includes the preset cathode humidity and the preset anode humidity. A preset anode and cathode humidity of 100% means that the preset cathode humidity is 100% and the preset anode humidity is 100%.

[0062] Step 220: Perform a reverse polarity test on the membrane electrode.

[0063] Specifically, step 220 includes: introducing hydrogen gas into the anode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode assembly, and introducing air or oxygen gas into the cathode side, while keeping the preset pressure, preset temperature, and preset anode and cathode humidity constant; switching the load of the fuel cell to current mode; increasing the current density to the preset current density at a preset current density change rate; and after maintaining the preset current density for a first preset time, switching the hydrogen gas introduced into the anode side of the fuel cell to nitrogen gas, and continuing for a second preset time to complete one anti-reverse polarity test.

[0064] Specifically, hydrogen gas is introduced into the anode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), and air or oxygen is introduced into the cathode side. Preset pressure, temperature, and anode / cathode humidity are maintained constant. The fuel cell load is switched to current mode, and the current density is increased to a preset current density at a preset rate of change (the preset current density rate and magnitude are related to the test bench and can be set according to actual conditions; the specific magnitude is not specifically limited in this embodiment). This preset current density is maintained for a first preset time, allowing the fuel cell to enter normal operating condition. Then, the hydrogen gas introduced into the anode side of the fuel cell is switched to nitrogen gas and maintained for a second preset time, creating a hydrogen-starved environment to test the anode's resistance to reverse polarity. Optionally, the first preset time is 300 seconds, and the second preset time is 10 minutes.

[0065] Step 230: Determine whether the test on the membrane electrode has met the set termination conditions.

[0066] Optionally, the termination condition may include the number of cycles of the membrane electrode cyclic test reaching a preset number of cycles, or the termination condition may include the voltage difference between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode being less than a set voltage.

[0067] Specifically, if the voltage difference between the anode and cathode is less than a set voltage, it indicates that anode reversal has occurred. For example, the set voltage could be -2V. However, since achieving a voltage difference between the anode and cathode below the set voltage may require many cycles of testing on the membrane electrode, resulting in a long testing time, when testing time is limited, the test time can be effectively controlled by setting the end condition to the preset number of cycles for testing the membrane electrode. For example, when testing different membrane electrodes simultaneously, comparing their performance after testing them for the preset number of cycles can reveal membrane electrodes with relatively good durability and those with relatively poor durability.

[0068] If so, proceed to step 240: end the test of the membrane electrode.

[0069] If not, return to the step of performing an anodic voltage cycle endurance test on the membrane electrode, i.e., return to step 210.

[0070] In this embodiment, the pressure and temperature conditions for the anode voltage cycle durability test and the reverse polarity resistance test are the same, which helps to shorten the test time and improve the test efficiency. In other optional embodiments of the present invention, the pressure and temperature conditions for the anode voltage cycle durability test and the reverse polarity resistance test may be different, and the present invention does not make specific limitations here.

[0071] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, see reference. Figure 3 The membrane electrode testing method includes:

[0072] Step 310: Nitrogen gas is introduced into the anode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode assembly, and hydrogen gas is introduced into the cathode side. Under preset pressure, preset temperature, and preset anode and cathode humidity conditions, and with the fuel cell load in voltage mode, a voltage within a preset voltage range with a preset voltage scan rate is applied between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell. When the number of voltage scans reaches the preset number of scans, one anode voltage cycle endurance test is completed. This step 310 is the same as step 210 in the above embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0073] Step 320: Reduce the voltage load of the fuel cell to 0, keep the preset pressure, preset temperature and preset anode and cathode humidity unchanged, switch the hydrogen gas introduced to the cathode side to nitrogen gas, and purge the fuel cell for a third preset time.

[0074] Specifically, a nitrogen purging step is added between the anodic voltage cycle endurance test and the reverse polarity test. In step 310, the gas introduced to the anode side is nitrogen and the gas introduced to the cathode side is hydrogen. In this step 320, the gas introduced to the anode side is not changed, but the hydrogen introduced to the cathode is switched to nitrogen. That is, nitrogen purging is performed on both the anode and cathode sides for a third preset time, thereby gradually reducing the voltage load to 0, avoiding the sudden stop of the test bench for testing the membrane electrode, and ensuring the normal progress of the test.

[0075] Step 330: Introduce hydrogen gas into the anode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode assembly, and introduce air or oxygen gas into the cathode side. Keep the preset pressure, preset temperature, and preset anode and cathode humidity constant. Switch the load of the fuel cell to current mode, and increase the current density to the preset current density at a preset current density change rate. After maintaining the preset current density for a first preset time, switch the hydrogen gas introduced into the anode side of the fuel cell to nitrogen gas, and continue for a second preset time to complete one reverse polarity test. This step 330 is the same as step 220 in the above embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0076] Step 340: Reduce the current load of the fuel cell to 0, keep the preset pressure, preset temperature and preset anode and cathode humidity unchanged, switch the gas introduced to the cathode side to nitrogen, and purge the fuel cell for the fourth preset time.

[0077] When the reverse polarity test is completed in step 330, the gas introduced into the anode side of the fuel cell single electrode is nitrogen, and the gas introduced into the cathode side is air or oxygen. In this step 340, the gas introduced into the anode side is not changed, but the gas introduced into the cathode side is switched to nitrogen, and nitrogen purging is performed on both the anode side and the cathode side for a fourth preset time, thereby gradually reducing the current load to 0, avoiding the sudden stop of the test bench for testing the membrane electrode, and ensuring the normal progress of the test.

[0078] Step 350: Determine whether the test on the membrane electrode has met the set termination conditions.

[0079] If so, proceed to step 360: Stop testing the membrane electrode.

[0080] If not, return to the step of performing an anodic voltage cycle durability test on the membrane electrode, i.e., return to step 310.

[0081] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the preset current density corresponding to the reverse polarity test under different test cycles is not exactly the same.

[0082] For example, the preset current density for the first test cycle is 0.2 A / cm². 2 The preset current density for the second test cycle was 0.5 A / cm². 2The preset current density for the third test cycle was 0.2 A / cm². 2 In other optional embodiments of the present invention, the preset current density for the reverse polarity test at each number of test cycles can be set according to the actual test conditions.

[0083] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of another membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, see reference. Figure 4 Optionally, the membrane electrode testing method includes:

[0084] Step 410: Perform a test on the membrane electrode cyclically for a set number of cycles.

[0085] In one instance, the test with a set number of revolutions did not reach the set termination condition. Each revolution in the test included one anode voltage cycle endurance test and one reverse polarity resistance test.

[0086] Step 420: Perform intermediate performance analysis on the membrane electrode.

[0087] Specifically, intermediate performance analyses of membrane electrodes can include electrochemical analysis, anodic polarization performance analysis, and cathodic polarization performance analysis.

[0088] Step 430: Continue testing the membrane electrode until the set termination conditions are met.

[0089] In another optional embodiment of the present invention, after the membrane electrode test is completed, a final performance analysis of the membrane electrode can be performed.

[0090] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of another membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, see reference. Figure 5 Optionally, the membrane electrode testing method includes:

[0091] Step 510: Obtain the first initial current-voltage polarization curve on the anode side and the second initial current-voltage polarization curve on the cathode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode.

[0092] Step 520: Perform a test on the membrane electrode cyclically for a set number of cycles.

[0093] Step 530: After performing a set number of cycles of testing on the membrane electrode assembly, obtain the first intermediate current-voltage polarization curve on the anode side and the second intermediate current-voltage polarization curve on the cathode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode assembly.

[0094] Step 540: Perform intermediate anodic polarization performance analysis based on the first initial current-voltage polarization curve and the first intermediate current-voltage polarization curve.

[0095] Specifically, the intermediate polarization performance of the anode can be evaluated based on the ratio of the negative of the difference between the first polarization voltage corresponding to a certain first set current Ia in the first initial current-voltage polarization curve and the second polarization voltage corresponding to the same first set current Ia in the first intermediate current-voltage polarization curve and the first polarization voltage.

[0096] Step 550: Analyze the intermediate performance of cathode polarization based on the second initial current-voltage polarization curve and the second intermediate current-voltage polarization curve.

[0097] Specifically, the intermediate polarization performance of the cathode can be evaluated by the ratio of the negative of the difference between the third polarization voltage corresponding to a certain second set current Ib in the second initial current-voltage polarization curve and the fourth polarization voltage corresponding to the same second set current Ib in the second intermediate current-voltage polarization curve and the third polarization voltage.

[0098] Step 560: Continue testing the membrane electrode until the set termination conditions are met.

[0099] Step 570: Obtain the first final current-voltage polarization curve on the anode side and the second final current-voltage polarization curve on the cathode side of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode.

[0100] Step 580: Perform final performance analysis of anodic polarization based on the first initial current-voltage polarization curve and the first final current-voltage polarization curve.

[0101] Specifically, the ultimate polarization performance of the anode can be evaluated based on the first polarization voltage corresponding to a certain first set current Ia in the first initial current-voltage polarization curve, and the ratio of the negative of the difference between the fifth polarization voltage corresponding to the same first set current Ia in the first final current-voltage polarization curve and the first polarization voltage.

[0102] Step 590: Perform final performance analysis of cathode polarization based on the second initial current-voltage polarization curve and the second final current-voltage polarization curve.

[0103] Specifically, the ultimate polarization performance of the cathode can be evaluated based on the ratio of the negative of the difference between the third polarization voltage corresponding to a certain second set current Ib in the second initial current-voltage polarization curve and the sixth polarization voltage corresponding to the same second set current Ib in the second final current-voltage polarization curve and the third polarization voltage.

[0104] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of another membrane electrode testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, see reference. Figure 6 Optionally, the membrane electrode testing method includes:

[0105] Step 610: Obtain the initial electrochemical active area of ​​the anode and the initial electrochemical active area of ​​the cathode of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode.

[0106] Step 620: Perform a test on the membrane electrode cyclically for a set number of cycles.

[0107] Step 630: After testing the membrane electrode circulates for a set number of cycles, obtain the intermediate electrochemical active area of ​​the anode and the intermediate electrochemical active area of ​​the cathode of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode.

[0108] Step 640: Perform intermediate electrochemical analysis based on the initial electrochemical active area of ​​the anode and the intermediate electrochemical active area of ​​the anode, as well as the initial electrochemical active area of ​​the cathode and the intermediate electrochemical active area of ​​the cathode.

[0109] Specifically, the decay rate of the intermediate electrochemical active area of ​​the anode catalyst after a set number of cycles of the membrane electrode can be calculated using the following formula:

[0110]

[0111] Where, m 中间 S represents the rate of decay of the intermediate electrochemical active area of ​​the anode catalyst. 初始 S represents the initial electrochemical active area of ​​the anode in a single fuel cell. 中间 This represents the intermediate electrochemical active area of ​​the anode in a single fuel cell, and then intermediate electrochemical analysis is performed based on the decay rate of the electrochemical active area.

[0112] The calculation method for the decay rate of the intermediate electrochemical active area of ​​the cathode catalyst is similar to that for the decay rate of the intermediate electrochemical active area of ​​the anode catalyst, and will not be repeated here.

[0113] Step 650: Continue testing the membrane electrode until the set termination conditions are met.

[0114] Step 660: Obtain the final electrochemical active area of ​​the anode and the final electrochemical active area of ​​the cathode of the fuel cell corresponding to the membrane electrode.

[0115] Step 670: Perform final electrochemical analysis based on the initial and final electrochemical active areas of the anode, as well as the initial and final electrochemical active areas of the cathode.

[0116] Specifically, the electrochemical active area decay rate of the anode catalyst after cycling the membrane electrode until the set termination conditions are reached can be calculated using the following formula:

[0117]

[0118] Where, m最终 S represents the final electrochemical active area decay rate of the anode catalyst. 初始 S represents the initial electrochemical active area of ​​the anode in a single fuel cell. 最终 This represents the final electrochemical active area of ​​the anode in a single fuel cell, and then the final electrochemical analysis is performed based on the decay rate of the electrochemical active area.

[0119] The calculation method for the final electrochemical active area decay rate of the cathode catalyst is similar to that for the anode catalyst, and will not be repeated here.

[0120] This embodiment also provides a membrane electrode testing device, which includes a testing module for performing multiple cycles of testing on the membrane electrode until a set termination condition is reached. Each cycle of testing includes an anodic voltage cycle endurance test and a reverse polarity resistance test.

[0121] The testing apparatus of this embodiment is used to perform the membrane electrode testing method of any of the above embodiments of the present invention, and accordingly, it has the beneficial effects of the membrane electrode testing method of any of the above embodiments of the present invention, which will not be repeated here.

[0122] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A membrane electrode testing method characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: carrying out a plurality of cycles of tests on the membrane electrode until a set end condition is reached, wherein each cycle of test comprises an anode voltage cycle endurance test and an anti-reversal test; carrying out a plurality of cycles of tests on the membrane electrode until a set end condition is reached, comprising: carrying out an anode voltage cycle endurance test on the membrane electrode, specifically comprising: introducing nitrogen gas to the anode side and hydrogen gas to the cathode side of a fuel cell single cell corresponding to the membrane electrode, under the conditions of a preset pressure, a preset temperature and preset anode and cathode humidity, applying a voltage with a preset voltage scan rate change in a preset voltage range between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell single cell in a voltage mode, and ending the anode voltage cycle endurance test when the voltage scan cycle reaches a preset scan cycle number; carrying out an anti-reversal test on the membrane electrode, specifically comprising: introducing hydrogen gas to the anode side and air or oxygen to the cathode side of a fuel cell single cell corresponding to the membrane electrode, keeping the preset pressure, the preset temperature and the preset anode and cathode humidity unchanged, switching the fuel cell single cell load to a current mode, increasing the current density to a preset current density with a preset current density change rate, keeping the preset current density for a first preset time, switching the hydrogen gas introduced to the anode side of the fuel cell single cell to nitrogen gas, and completing the anti-reversal test for a second preset time; determining whether the test on the membrane electrode reaches a set end condition, and if yes, ending the test on the membrane electrode; if no, returning to the step of carrying out an anode voltage cycle endurance test on the membrane electrode.

2. The membrane electrode testing method according to claim 1, characterized by, After the anode voltage cycle endurance test on the membrane electrode and before the anti-reversal test on the membrane electrode, the method further comprises: decreasing the voltage load of the fuel cell single cell to 0, keeping the preset pressure, the preset temperature and the preset anode and cathode humidity unchanged, switching the hydrogen gas introduced to the cathode side to nitrogen gas, keeping the gas introduced to the anode side unchanged, and purging the fuel cell single cell for a third preset time.

3. The membrane electrode test method according to claim 1, characterized by, After the anti-reversal test on the membrane electrode and before determining whether the test on the membrane electrode reaches a set end condition, the method further comprises: decreasing the current load of the fuel cell single cell to 0, keeping the preset pressure, the preset temperature and the preset anode and cathode humidity unchanged, switching the gas introduced to the cathode side to nitrogen gas, keeping the gas introduced to the anode side unchanged, and purging the fuel cell single cell for a fourth preset time.

4. The membrane electrode test method according to claim 1, characterized by, The preset pressure is greater than or equal to atmospheric pressure, the preset temperature is greater than or equal to 75 degrees, the preset anode and cathode humidity is 100%, and the preset voltage range is 0.05V-1V.

5. The membrane electrode test method according to claim 1, characterized by, The preset current density corresponding to the anti-reversal test is not completely the same under different test cycles.

6. The membrane electrode test method according to claim 1, wherein carrying out a plurality of cycles of tests on the membrane electrode until a set end condition is reached, comprising: After the membrane electrode is cycled for the set number of tests, intermediate performance analysis is performed on the membrane electrode; The testing of the membrane electrode continues until the set end condition is reached.

7. The membrane electrode test method according to claim 6, characterized by, Before the membrane electrode is cycled for a plurality of numbers of tests, further comprising: Obtaining a first initial current-voltage polarization curve of an anode side and a second initial current-voltage polarization curve of a cathode side of a fuel cell single cell corresponding to the membrane electrode; After the membrane electrode is cycled for the set number of tests, intermediate performance analysis is performed on the membrane electrode, comprising: After the membrane electrode is cycled for the set number of tests, obtaining a first intermediate current-voltage polarization curve of an anode side and a second intermediate current-voltage polarization curve of a cathode side of a fuel cell single cell corresponding to the membrane electrode; Performing anode polarization intermediate performance analysis according to the first initial current-voltage polarization curve and the first intermediate current-voltage polarization curve; Performing cathode polarization intermediate performance analysis according to the second initial current-voltage polarization curve and the second intermediate current-voltage polarization curve.

8. The membrane electrode test method according to claim 7, characterized by, After the membrane electrode is cycled for a plurality of numbers of tests until the set end condition is reached, further comprising: Obtaining a first final current-voltage polarization curve of an anode side and a second final current-voltage polarization curve of a cathode side of a fuel cell single cell corresponding to the membrane electrode; Performing anode polarization final performance analysis according to the first initial current-voltage polarization curve and the first final current-voltage polarization curve; Performing cathode polarization final performance analysis according to the second initial current-voltage polarization curve and the second final current-voltage polarization curve.

9. The membrane electrode test method according to claim 6, characterized by, Before the membrane electrode is cycled for the set number of tests, further comprising: Obtaining an anode initial electrochemical active area and a cathode initial electrochemical active area of a fuel cell single cell corresponding to the membrane electrode; After the membrane electrode is cycled for the set number of tests, intermediate performance analysis is performed on the membrane electrode, further comprising: After the membrane electrode is cycled for the set number of tests, obtaining an anode intermediate electrochemical active area and a cathode intermediate electrochemical active area of a fuel cell single cell corresponding to the membrane electrode; Performing intermediate electrochemical analysis according to the anode initial electrochemical active area and the anode intermediate electrochemical active area, and the cathode initial electrochemical active area and the cathode intermediate electrochemical active area.

10. The membrane electrode test method according to claim 9, characterized by, After the membrane electrode is cycled for a plurality of numbers of tests until the set end condition is reached, further comprising: Obtaining an anode final electrochemical active area and a cathode final electrochemical active area of a fuel cell single cell corresponding to the membrane electrode; Performing final electrochemical analysis according to the anode initial electrochemical active area and the anode final electrochemical active area, and the cathode initial electrochemical active area and the cathode final electrochemical active area.

11. The membrane electrode test method according to claim 1, characterized by, The set end condition includes that the number of tests of the membrane electrode reaches a preset number of cycles, or the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell single cell corresponding to the membrane electrode is less than a set voltage.

12. A membrane electrode test device, characterized by Comprising: a test module for testing the membrane electrode cycle for a plurality of laps until a set end condition is reached, wherein each lap of testing comprises an anode voltage cycle endurance test and an anti-reversal test; testing the membrane electrode cycle for a plurality of laps until a set end condition is reached, comprising: an anode voltage cycle endurance test of the membrane electrode, specifically comprising: applying nitrogen to the anode side and hydrogen to the cathode side of a fuel cell single cell corresponding to the membrane electrode, under a preset pressure, a preset temperature, and preset anode and cathode humidity, applying a voltage between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell single cell at a preset voltage range with a preset voltage scan rate variation under a voltage load mode of the fuel cell single cell, ending the anode voltage cycle endurance test when the voltage scan laps reach a preset scan lap number; an anti-reversal test of the membrane electrode, specifically comprising: applying hydrogen to the anode side and air or oxygen to the cathode side of a fuel cell single cell corresponding to the membrane electrode, keeping the preset pressure, the preset temperature, and the preset anode and cathode humidity unchanged, switching the fuel cell single cell load to a current mode, increasing the current density to a preset current density at a preset current density variation rate, keeping the preset current density for a first preset time, switching the hydrogen applied to the anode side of the fuel cell single cell to nitrogen, and continuing for a second preset time to complete the anti-reversal test; determining whether the testing of the membrane electrode reaches a set end condition, if yes, ending the testing of the membrane electrode; if no, returning to the step of performing the anode voltage cycle endurance test of the membrane electrode.

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