A heat dissipation structure and a high-efficiency energy-saving permanent magnet motor containing the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of motor heat dissipation, and in particular to a heat dissipation structure and a high-efficiency energy-saving permanent magnet motor containing the same, wherein the heat dissipation structure comprises: a shell, the shell is divided into an outer shell and an inner shell, the outer shell is provided with a plurality of vents; an air cooling component, the air cooling component comprises a heat sink and an adjustment mechanism, the heat sink is arranged at the vent, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle of the heat sink; an oil cooling component, the oil cooling component comprises an oil spray nozzle, a circulation mechanism and a docking mechanism, the oil spray nozzle is arranged at the inner shell, the oil spray nozzle is used to spray cooling oil to the stator, the circulation mechanism is used to re-conduct the cooling oil at the bottom of the inner shell to the oil spray nozzle, and the docking mechanism is used to dock the heat sink with the inner shell so as to change the oil circuit for heat dissipation; the whole mechanism adjusts the cooling effect of the air cooling component and the oil cooling component on the motor according to the temperature and speed, so that the release and dissipation of heat of the permanent magnet motor can be balanced, so that the permanent magnet motor can work continuously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of motor heat dissipation, and in particular to a heat dissipation structure and a high-efficiency energy-saving permanent magnet motor containing the heat dissipation structure. Background Art

[0002] With the development of electric vehicles, the research and development of electric motors that match electric vehicles has also become very important. At present, electric vehicles usually use high-efficiency and energy-saving permanent magnet motors as power sources. During the high-speed driving of electric vehicles, permanent magnet motors often generate a lot of heat. If the heat cannot be taken away in time, the insulation layer on the permanent magnet motor winding will burn out, causing a short circuit between turns, and thus completely breaking the motor.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, at present, cooling oil is usually passed through the stator core to cool the stator with higher heat in the motor. This can effectively dissipate heat from the motor at high temperatures and has become the choice of most electric vehicles. However, in cold weather, the cooling oil has high viscosity and poor fluidity after the machine is cooled, resulting in large resistance to stator rotation, which causes poor power performance of electric vehicles at low temperatures. Therefore, it is very important to design a motor heat dissipation structure that can adjust heat dissipation according to temperature and speed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a heat dissipation structure and a high-efficiency energy-saving permanent magnet motor containing the same, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, a heat dissipation structure is provided, comprising:

[0007] A shell, the shell is divided into an outer shell and an inner shell, and the outer shell is provided with a plurality of vents;

[0008] An air cooling component, the air cooling component comprising a heat sink and an adjustment mechanism, the heat sink is arranged at the vent, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle of the heat sink; and

[0009] An oil cooling assembly includes an oil spray nozzle, a circulation mechanism and a docking mechanism. The oil spray nozzle is arranged on the inner shell and is used to spray cooling oil onto the stator. The circulation mechanism is used to re-conduct the cooling oil at the bottom of the inner shell to the oil spray nozzle. The docking mechanism is used to dock the heat sink with the inner shell so that the oil circuit is changed to dissipate heat.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the heat sink is the same as the number of the vents, and the heat sink includes a wind receiving plate and a cooling plate, the wind receiving plate increases the wind force received by the heat sink, and the cooling plate is used to air cool the entire mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes an installation box and a return spring, the installation box is arranged on the outer shell, the cooling plate is connected to the installation box, the return spring is arranged inside the installation box, and the return spring is used to keep the heat sink in a closed state when there is no external force.

[0012] Preferably, a paraffin block is arranged inside the installation box, the return spring is immersed in the paraffin block, and the paraffin block is used to adjust the opening and closing of the heat sink according to the temperature.

[0013] Preferably, the inner shell is provided with an oil storage chamber, the oil storage chamber is arranged at the bottom of the inner shell, the oil storage chamber is used to store cooling oil, and an oil circuit 1 is arranged inside the inner shell, the oil circuit 1 is used to transport cooling oil.

[0014] Preferably, an oil circuit 2 is opened inside the cooling plate, a docking port is correspondingly provided on the inner shell, a limit block is provided on the outer side of the docking port, the cooling plate and the limit block are both connected with a magnetic block, and the docking mechanism operates when the magnetic blocks attract each other.

[0015] Preferably, the docking mechanism includes a telescopic rod, an oil pipeline and a one-way valve, the telescopic rod is arranged at the docking port, the oil pipeline is arranged at the top of the telescopic rod, and the one-way valve is arranged on both sides of the oil circuit two, and the one-way valve is used to ensure the one-way flow of the oil circuit two.

[0016] Preferably, the oil pump is externally connected to the oil storage chamber, the conduit is connected to the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the oil storage chamber, and the conduit arranged at the oil outlet is used to connect the oil pump and the oil circuit one.

[0017] Preferably, a heating rod is provided in the oil storage chamber, and the heating rod is used to heat the cooling oil during cold start.

[0018] On the other hand, a high-efficiency and energy-saving permanent magnet motor is provided, characterized by comprising a heat dissipation structure as described in any one of the above items.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the design of the adjustment mechanism, the heat sink is connected to the outer shell when the outside room temperature is low, so that the temperature dissipation inside the motor is slowed down, effectively ensuring the stable operation of the motor when the outside room temperature is low; at the same time, as the temperature rises, the adjustment mechanism will adjust the heat sink to open, so that air can circulate between the inner and outer shells to cool the motor; since the heat emitted by different parts of the motor is different, the wax in each installation box melts at different speeds, so the opening order of the heat sink is different; when the speed and temperature reach a certain level, the heat sink will be fully opened, at which time the heat sink and the inner shell are connected to each other to further cool the cooling oil through air cooling; the entire mechanism adjusts the cooling effect of the air cooling component and the oil cooling component on the motor according to the temperature and speed, so that the release and dissipation of heat of the permanent magnet motor can be balanced, thereby allowing the permanent magnet motor to work continuously. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the present invention (heat sink folded);

[0021] Figure 2 It is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the present invention (the heat sink is opened but the cooling plate is not connected to the oil circuit, and the inner shell is pulled out);

[0022] Figure 3 It is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the present invention (heat sink is fully opened);

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention from a side view (the heat sink is fully opened);

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged structural diagram of the middle A area (the arrow in the figure indicates the direction of cooling oil flow);

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heat sink structure of the present invention (with the mounting box on one side omitted);

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the installation box of the present invention (the heat sink has been rotated 90 degrees at this time).

[0027] In the figure: 1 outer shell, 2 inner shell, 3 vent, 4 oil storage chamber, 5 oil circuit 1, 6 wind receiving plate, 7 cooling plate, 8 installation box, 9 return spring, 10 oil circuit 2, 11 limit block, 12 magnetic block, 13 fuel injection nozzle, 14 telescopic rod, 15 oil pipeline, 16 one-way valve, 17 oil pump, 18 conduit, 19 heating rod, 701 heat dissipation hole, 702 installation end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 1-7 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0030] A heat dissipation structure, as shown in the attached manual Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0031] The shell is divided into an outer shell 1 and an inner shell 2. The outer shell 1 is sleeved on the outside of the high-efficiency and energy-saving permanent magnet motor when in use. The outer shell 1 is provided with a plurality of vents 3. The vents 3 are used when the heat sink is opened. In this embodiment, the vents 3 are arranged in parallel. For the convenience of display, the number of vents 3 is appropriately reduced in the drawings of the specification. In actual use, different vents 3 can be arranged in parallel or staggered. The number of vents 3, the number of heat sinks and the number of docking ports are the same; the inner shell 2 is the motor shell, and the inner shell 2 contains other motor parts such as a rotating shaft, a stator and a winding. The inner shell 2 is provided with an oil storage chamber 4, which is used to recover the cooling oil sprayed onto the stator of the motor. The oil storage chamber 4 is arranged at the bottom of the inner shell 2, and the oil storage chamber 4 is communicated with the inner cavity of the inner shell 2. Due to gravity and centrifugal force, the cooling oil will be thrown to the inner wall of the inner shell 2 after being attached to the rotating shaft, stator, winding and other components, and finally flow into the oil storage chamber 4. The oil storage chamber 4 is used to store cooling oil. An oil circuit 5 is arranged inside the inner shell 2, and the oil circuit 5 is communicated with each oil nozzle 13 and the oil pipe 15. However, the cooling oil in the oil pipe 15 can enter the cooling plate 7 for cooling only when docking, as shown in the attached manual. Figure 4 As shown, oil circuit 1 5 is used to transport cooling oil.

[0032] The air-cooling assembly includes a heat sink and an adjustment mechanism. The heat sink is used to dissipate heat from the shell and cooling oil according to wind force adjustment. The heat sink is arranged at the vent 3, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle of the heat sink. The number of the heat sink and the vent 3 is the same. The heat sink includes a wind receiving plate 6 and a cooling plate 7. The wind receiving plate 6 increases the wind force received by the heat sink. The angle between the wind receiving plate 6 and the cooling plate 7 is an acute angle. Having a certain angle can better adjust the angle of the heat sink according to the speed. As the speed of the car increases, the wind force received by the wind receiving plate 6 will gradually increase, so that the heat sink rotates around the installation box 8. The cooling plate 7 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes 701. The oil circuit 2 is arranged in the connecting rod between each heat dissipation hole 701; the adjustment mechanism includes a mounting box 8 and a reset spring 9. The mounting box 8 is used to install the heat sink. The mounting box 8 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 1. The cooling plate 7 is rotatably connected to the mounting box 8. The mounting box 8 and the cooling plate 7 are sealed by a sealing ring. The sealing ring is used to make the mounting box 8 and the cooling plate 7 rotate relative to each other, so that the paraffin block will not drip after melting, as shown in the attached manual Figure 7 As shown, the return spring 9 is arranged inside the installation box 8, and the two ends of the return spring 9 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the installation box 8 and the installation end 702 of the cooling plate 7. The return spring 9 is a tension spring. The return spring 9 is used to keep the heat sink in a closed state when there is no external force. An oil circuit 10 is opened inside the cooling plate 7. The oil circuit 10 is used to introduce cooling oil into the cooling block for air cooling to accelerate the cooling rate of the cooling oil. The inner shell 2 is correspondingly provided with a docking interface, and the docking interface is used to dock the telescopic rod 14 with the oil circuit 10. A limit block 11 is provided on the outside of the docking interface. The limit block 11 is used to limit the rotation angle of the heat sink so that it is in the extreme position (that is, the heat sink rotates ninety degrees) and is connected to the magnetic suction block. 12 are docked with each other, the cooling plate 7 and the limit block 11 are both connected with a magnetic block 12. When the heat sink rotates ninety degrees, the magnetic blocks 12 arranged on the cooling plate 7 and the limit block 11 are docked with each other, and the docking mechanism operates when the magnetic blocks 12 attract each other; a paraffin block is arranged inside the installation box 8, and the reset spring 9 is immersed in the paraffin block. The wax is used to adjust the opening and closing of the heat sink according to the temperature. The inner wall of the installation box 8 is coated with a fire-retardant varnish. The wax in the installation box 8 is paraffin, and the melting point of paraffin is 57 to 63 degrees Celsius. Therefore, in a low temperature environment, the paraffin block will not melt, and relative rotation will not occur between the cooling plate 7 and the installation box 8, and the heat sink will not be opened, that is, heat dissipation is only performed through oil cooling under low temperature conditions.

[0033] The oil cooling assembly includes an oil spray nozzle 13, a circulation mechanism and a docking mechanism. The oil spray nozzle 13 is arranged on the inner shell 2. The oil spray nozzle 13 is used to spray the cooling oil in the oil circuit 15 into the inside of the motor. The circulation mechanism is used to re-conduct the cooling oil at the bottom of the inner shell 2 to the oil spray nozzle 13. The docking mechanism is used to dock the heat sink with the inner shell 2 to change the oil circuit and further dissipate the heat of the cooling oil. The docking mechanism includes a telescopic rod 14, an oil pipeline 15 and a one-way valve 16. The telescopic rod 14 is fixedly connected to the docking port, and the cooling oil can circulate inside the telescopic rod 14. When the telescopic rod 14 is retracted, the cooling oil passes through the oil circuit 1 5 directly to the oil nozzle 13 for spraying. When the telescopic rod 14 is extended, the oil delivery port will be connected with the one-way valve 16, and a part of the cooling oil will enter the oil circuit 2 10 through the oil delivery port and reach the oil nozzle 13 after being cooled on the cooling plate 7. The oil delivery pipe 15 is arranged on the top of the telescopic rod 14. The oil delivery pipe 15 is used to connect with the one-way valve 16 to transmit the cooling oil. The oil delivery pipe 15 is provided with a magnetic suction valve. The oil delivery pipe 15 and the one-way valve 16 are connected by magnetic suction. Only after the magnetic suction connection can the oil delivery pipe be changed The one-way valve 16 is opened only when the docking is completed and the pressure reaches the specified pressure. The one-way valve 16 is arranged on both sides of the oil circuit 10. The one-way valve 16 is a one-way pressure control valve. The one-way pressure control valve is used to ensure that the cooling oil flows in one direction, thereby avoiding backflow and confusion in the system. The one-way valve 16 is used to control the opening and closing of the oil circuit 10; the oil pump 17 is externally connected to the oil storage chamber 4, and the oil pump 17 is a gear pump. The oil pump 17 has an oil outlet, one of which is used to supply oil to the oil circuit 5 above the inner shell 2, and the other is used to supply oil to the oil circuit on the lower side. 1-5 oil supply, the oil outlet for supplying oil to the upper oil circuit 1-5 has a greater pressure to ensure that the entire cooling oil circulation process can be completed, the conduit 18 is fixedly connected to the oil pump 17, the conduit 18 is connected to the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the oil storage chamber 4, the conduit 18 arranged at the oil outlet is used to connect the oil pump 17 and the oil circuit 1-5, the conduit 18 is fixedly connected to the oil inlet of the oil circuit 1-5; a heating rod 19 is arranged in the oil storage chamber 4, the heating rod 19 is used to heat the cooling oil during cold start to reduce the problem of difficulty in starting the motor caused by the cooling oil temperature being too low and the viscosity being too high.

[0034] Working principle: when in use, the generator is installed longitudinally on the vehicle body. When the vehicle speed is low and the temperature of the motor is not high, the paraffin block in the installation box 8 has not melted yet, and the heat sink will not rotate at this time. The oil pump 17 will transfer the cooling oil in the oil storage chamber 4 through the oil path 15 to the oil nozzle 13 for oil cooling and heat dissipation inside the motor; when the vehicle speed is low and the temperature of the motor is high, the temperature of the motor will melt the paraffin block in the installation box 8, and the wind receiving plate 6 will drive the heat sink to rotate along the installation box 8 due to the blowing of the wind. At this time, the return spring 9 inside the installation box 8 is stretched by force. Since the wind speed of the wind receiving plate 6 is slow at this time, the rotation angle of the heat sink is small, and the magnetic block 12 arranged on the cooling plate 7 and the limit block 11 cannot dock with each other, but the external wind can enter between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2 through the vent 3 to take away the heat inside the shell. When the vehicle speed is fast and the temperature of the motor is high, due to the high speed of the vehicle, the wind-receiving plate 6 hits the wind at a high speed, the wind-receiving plate 6 is subjected to a large force, and the heat sink will rotate ninety degrees. At this time, the magnetic suction block 12 arranged on the cooling plate 7 and the limit block 11 are connected to each other. After receiving the electrical signal, the telescopic rod 14 drives the oil pipe 15 to extend until the oil pipe 15 is connected to the one-way valve 16. When the pressure reaches the set pressure of the one-way valve 16, the one-way valve 16 will open, and a part of the cooling oil in the oil circuit 1 5 will enter the oil circuit 2 10 through the oil delivery port. The oil circuit 2 10 is arranged inside the cooling plate 7. At this time, the cooling plate 7 is arranged perpendicular to the wind direction, and the wind-receiving area is the largest, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the cooling oil in the oil circuit 2 10. At the same time, the external wind can enter between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2 through the vent 3 to dissipate the hot air between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation structure, characterized in that: include: A housing, wherein the housing is divided into an outer housing and an inner housing, wherein the outer housing is sleeved on the outside of the high-efficiency and energy-saving permanent magnet motor when in use, wherein the outer housing is provided with a plurality of vents, wherein the inner housing is a motor housing, wherein a rotating shaft, a stator and a winding are arranged inside the inner housing, wherein an oil storage cavity is provided in the inner housing, wherein the oil storage cavity is arranged at the bottom of the inner housing, wherein due to gravity or centrifugal force, cooling oil will be thrown to the inner wall of the inner housing after being attached to the rotating shaft, the stator and the winding and finally flow into the oil storage cavity, wherein the oil storage cavity is used to store cooling oil, wherein the oil storage cavity is communicated with the inner cavity of the inner housing, wherein an oil circuit 1 is arranged inside the inner housing, wherein the oil circuit 1 is used to transport cooling oil; An air cooling component, the air cooling component comprising a heat sink and an adjustment mechanism, the heat sink is arranged at the vent, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle of the heat sink; and An oil cooling assembly, the oil cooling assembly comprising an oil spray nozzle, a circulation mechanism and a docking mechanism, the oil spray nozzle being arranged on the inner housing, the oil spray nozzle being used to spray cooling oil to the stator, the circulation mechanism being used to re-conduct the cooling oil at the bottom of the inner housing to the oil spray nozzle, and the docking mechanism being used to dock the heat sink with the inner housing so as to change the oil path for heat dissipation; The number of the heat sink is the same as that of the vents. The heat sink includes a wind receiving plate and a cooling plate. The wind receiving plate increases the wind force received by the heat sink. The cooling plate is used to cool the entire mechanism. The angle between the wind receiving plate and the cooling plate is an acute angle. As the speed of the car increases, the wind force received by the wind receiving plate will gradually increase, causing the heat sink to rotate around the mounting box. The adjusting mechanism comprises a mounting box and a return spring, wherein a paraffin block is arranged inside the mounting box, wherein the return spring is immersed in the paraffin block, wherein the paraffin block is used to adjust the opening and closing of the heat sink according to the temperature, and when the temperature is lower than the melting point of the paraffin block, the paraffin block will not melt, and relative rotation will not occur between the cooling plate and the mounting box, and the heat sink will not open, and heat is dissipated only through oil cooling at this time; the mounting box is arranged on the outer shell, and the cooling plate is connected to the mounting box, and the mounting box and the cooling plate are sealed by a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is used to make the mounting box and the cooling plate rotate relative to each other, and at the same time, the paraffin block will not drip after melting, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the mounting box and the mounting end of the cooling plate, and the return spring is used to keep the heat sink in a closed state when no external force is applied; The cooling plate is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes, and an oil circuit 2 is provided inside the cooling plate, and the oil circuit 2 is arranged between the heat dissipation holes, and the oil circuit 2 is used to introduce cooling oil into the cooling plate for air cooling so as to accelerate the cooling rate of the cooling oil, and the inner shell is correspondingly provided with a docking port, and a limit block is arranged on the outer side of the docking port, and the limit block is used to limit the rotation angle of the heat sink, and the cooling plate and the limit block are both connected with a magnetic block, and when the heat sink rotates ninety degrees, the magnetic blocks arranged on the cooling plate and the limit block are docked with each other, and the docking mechanism operates when the magnetic blocks attract each other; The oil spray nozzle is used to spray the cooling oil in the oil circuit one into the inside of the motor. The docking mechanism includes a telescopic rod, an oil pipe and a one-way valve. The telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the docking port, and the docking port is used to dock the telescopic rod with the oil circuit two. The oil pipe is arranged on the top of the telescopic rod. The oil pipe is used to dock with the one-way valve to transmit cooling oil. The oil pipe is provided with a magnetic valve. The oil pipe and the one-way valve are docked by magnetic attraction. Only after the magnetic attraction docking can the oil pipe become a passage. When the docking is completed and the pressure reaches the opening pressure of the one-way valve, the one-way valve will open. The oil circuit one is connected to each The oil nozzle and the oil delivery pipe are both connected, and the one-way valve is arranged on both sides of the oil circuit 2. The one-way valve is a one-way pressure control valve, which is used to ensure that the cooling oil flows in one direction, thereby avoiding backflow and confusion in the system. The one-way valve is used to ensure the one-way flowability of the oil circuit 2. Cooling oil flows inside the telescopic rod. When the telescopic rod is retracted, the cooling oil passes through the oil circuit to the oil nozzle for spraying. When the telescopic rod is extended, the oil delivery port will be connected with the one-way valve, and a part of the cooling oil will enter the oil circuit 2 through the oil delivery port, and then reach the oil nozzle after being cooled by the cooling plate; The circulation mechanism includes an oil pump and a conduit, the oil pump is externally connected to the oil storage chamber, the oil pump has two oil outlets, one of which is used to supply oil to the oil circuit 1 above the inner shell, and the other is used to supply oil to the oil circuit 1 at the lower side, the oil outlet supplying oil to the upper oil circuit 1 has a higher pressure to ensure that the entire cooling oil circulation process can be completed, the conduit is fixedly connected to the oil pump, the conduit is connected to the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the oil storage chamber, the conduit arranged at the oil outlet is used to connect the oil pump and the oil circuit 1, the conduit is fixedly connected to the oil inlet of the oil circuit 1, and the conduit arranged at the oil outlet is used to connect the oil pump and the oil circuit 1; A heating rod is arranged in the oil storage cavity, and the heating rod is used to heat the cooling oil during cold start.

2. A high-efficiency and energy-saving permanent magnet motor, characterized in that: It comprises a heat dissipation structure as claimed in claim 1.

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