A method for real-time measurement of crushed stone pile material level

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for real-time measurement of the material level in crushed stone piles, achieved using a depth-sensing device comprising a drive mechanism, a depth-sensing rope, and a depth-sensing hammer. The drive mechanism includes a servo motor mounted on a platform of a land-based crushed stone pile driver or a marine crushed stone pile vessel, and a first and second fixed pulley mounted on the top of the pile driving frame via a bracket. The depth-sensing rope has graduations and its tail is wound around a spool driven by the servo motor. The depth-sensing hammer is connected to the head of the depth-sensing rope. The method of this invention includes the following steps: Step 1, vibrating and sinking the pile pipe to the design elevation; Step 2, inserting all the stone material into the pile pipe; Step 3, before pulling up the pile pipe, measuring the initial height of the stone material inside the pile pipe using the depth-sensing device; Step 4, pulling up the pile pipe a certain height and measuring the height of the stone material inside the pile pipe again; Step 5, pulling up the pile pipe again and repeating Step 4 until the pile pipe is pulled up above the top elevation of the crushed stone pile. This invention can dynamically reflect the changes in the material level of the crushed stone pile during construction in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for real-time measurement of the material level in crushed stone piles. Background Technology

[0002] Crushed stone pile foundation is a type of compaction pile foundation and a commonly used method for treating soft soil foundations. It involves mechanically drilling vertical holes in the soft soil using methods such as vibration, impact, or water jetting. These holes are then filled with hard granular materials such as crushed stone, pebbles, or slag and compacted by vibration, forming large-diameter, dense piles composed of gravel and pebbles. This foundation method is economical, simple, and effective.

[0003] The filling coefficient of a crushed stone pile refers to the ratio of the amount of crushed stone material filled per unit pile length to the designed volume. The filling coefficient of a crushed stone pile is generally required to be controlled between 1.0 and 1.3. During the pile formation process, due to the greater soil pressure at the bottom, it is common for material to be difficult to discharge from the bottom, while more material is discharged from the top. In this case, the filling coefficient of the crushed stone pile is unevenly distributed along the pile length. With the increasing application of information technology and intelligent systems in the construction process of crushed stone piles, the requirements for the continuity of pile formation are becoming increasingly stringent. For example, in a land reclamation project, the design requirement for the continuity of the crushed stone pile body is consistent, that is, the filling coefficient from the designed pile bottom to the pile top must be consistent. To control the continuity of the crushed stone pile body, it is necessary to dynamically measure the changes in the height of the pile tube and the height of the material level inside the tube during the pile extraction (material discharge) process in real time. Radar rangefinders are usually used to measure the material level inside the pile tube. However, because the vibratory hammer is constantly in a high-frequency vibration state, it is difficult for radar rangefinders and other related precision equipment to maintain their operational efficiency for a long period under high-frequency vibration conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for real-time measurement of the material level of crushed stone piles. This method can dynamically reflect the changes in the material level of crushed stone piles during construction and can be used to guide the quality control of crushed stone pile construction.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: a method for real-time measurement of the level of crushed stone piles, implemented using a depth sounding device, which includes a drive mechanism, a depth sounding rope, and a depth sounding hammer; the drive mechanism includes a servo motor mounted on a platform of a land-based crushed stone pile driver or a marine crushed stone pile vessel, a first fixed pulley mounted on top of the pile driving frame and directly above the servo motor, and a second fixed pulley mounted on top of the pile driving frame and directly above the pile pipe and in front of the first fixed pulley; the tail of the depth sounding rope is wound around a reel driven by the servo motor, and the depth sounding rope is provided with a scale; the depth sounding hammer is connected to the head of the depth sounding rope;

[0006] The method for real-time measurement of crushed stone pile material level of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Use a land-based stone crushing pile machine or an offshore stone crushing pile vessel to vibrate and sink the pile pipe to the design elevation using a vibratory hammer.

[0008] Step two: Put all the stones into the pile pipe;

[0009] Step 3: Before pulling up the pile pipe, a depth sounding device is used to measure the initial height of the stones inside the pile pipe. During measurement, the depth sounding hammer is first inserted into the pile pipe via a servo motor and a depth sounding rope, so that the bottom surface of the depth sounding hammer rests against the top surface of the stones inside the pile pipe. Then, the value on the depth sounding rope located at the servo motor is read as L1 = a + b + c1 + d1; where: a is the height from the servo motor to the first fixed pulley, directly measured and a fixed value; b is the horizontal distance from the first fixed pulley to the second fixed pulley, directly measured and a fixed value; c1 is the distance from the second fixed pulley to the top surface of the pile pipe. The vertical distance is read from the scale on the pile driving frame and is a variable value; d1 is the distance from the top surface of the pile pipe to the top surface of the stone inside the pile pipe. The initial height of the stone inside the pile pipe is h1 = e - d1, where e is the length of the pile pipe and is a fixed value. The initial height h1 of the stone inside the pile pipe is compared with the feeding height h. If 0 < h1 - h < 2m, it is considered normal. If h1 - h > 2m, it is determined that there is external mud and sand intrusion. If h1 - h < -2m, it is determined that the soil outside the pile pipe is not compacted, causing the pile tip gate to open on its own and stone to overflow.

[0010] Step 4: First, pull the pile pipe up to a certain height, keeping the bottom of the sounding hammer in contact with the top surface of the stone inside the pile pipe. Then, measure the height of the stone inside the pile pipe again, i.e., read the value on the sounding rope located at the servo motor again. L2 = a + b + c2 + d2, where c2 is the vertical distance from the first and second fixed pulleys to the top surface of the pile pipe, read through the scale on the pile driving frame, and is a variable value; d2 is the distance from the top surface of the pile pipe to the top surface of the stone inside the pile pipe, which is a calculated value; c1-c2 is the height of the pile pipe pulled up; d2-d1 is the height of the stone inside the pile pipe that changes. Then, the filling coefficient of the crushed stone pile in the L1 to L2 stage is (d1-d2) / (c1-c2).

[0011] Step 5: Pull the pile pipe up to a certain height again, and repeat Step 4 until the bottom of the pile pipe is pulled up above the top elevation of the crushed stone pile.

[0012] In the above-described method for real-time measurement of crushed stone pile material level, the first and second fixed pulleys in the depth measuring device are mounted on the top of the pile driving frame via a bracket.

[0013] The method for real-time measurement of crushed stone pile material level of the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0014] 1. The required equipment is simple, requiring only a servo motor, a graduated sounding rope, and an iron sounding hammer, which can adapt to harsh working conditions with high-frequency vibration.

[0015] 2. Since the material level of the crushed stone pile is constantly changing during the pipe extraction process, the monitoring and measurement of the material level also need to be carried out in real time. The depth measuring rope used in this invention is pulled by a servo motor, which can have continuous tension, so that the depth measuring rope is always in a taut state. This enables the real-time measurement of the material level inside the pile pipe and can dynamically reflect the changes in the material level height during the construction of the crushed stone pile, which can be used to guide the quality control of crushed stone pile construction. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the depth sounding device used in the method of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a state diagram during step one of the methods of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a state diagram during step two of the method of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a state diagram during step three of the method of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a state diagram during step four of the method of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a force diagram of the sounding hammer in the sounding device used in the method of the present invention on the top surface of the stone. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 The method for real-time measurement of crushed stone pile material level of the present invention employs a depth measuring device; the depth measuring device includes a drive mechanism, a depth measuring rope 2, and a depth measuring hammer; wherein,

[0024] The drive mechanism includes a servo motor 10 mounted on the platform of the land-based stone crushing pile machine or the offshore stone crushing pile vessel 100, a first fixed pulley 11 mounted on the top of the pile driving frame 200 and located directly above the servo motor 10, and a second fixed pulley 12 mounted on the top of the pile driving frame 200 and located directly above the pile pipe 300 and directly in front of the first fixed pulley 11; the first fixed pulley 11 and the second fixed pulley 12 are mounted on the top of the pile driving frame 200 via a bracket 13;

[0025] The tail of the sounding rope 2 is wound around a spool driven by a servo motor 10. The sounding rope 2 has a scale, with the 0 mark located at the head of the sounding rope 2, which is the connection end with the sounding hammer 3.

[0026] The sounding hammer 3 is connected to the head of the sounding rope 2, and the sounding hammer 3 can extend into the pile pipe 300.

[0027] Please see again Figures 2 to 5 The method for real-time measurement of crushed stone pile material level of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Using a land-based stone crushing pile machine or an offshore stone crushing pile vessel, drive the pile pipe 300 to the design elevation using a vibratory hammer 3A (see...). Figure 2 );

[0029] Step 2: Put all of the stone material 5 into the pile pipe 300 (see...) Figure 3 );

[0030] Step 3: Before pulling up the pile pipe 300, a depth measuring device is used to measure the initial height of the stone material 5 inside the pile pipe 300. During measurement, the depth measuring hammer 3 is inserted into the pile pipe 300 through the servo motor 10 and the depth measuring rope 2, so that the bottom surface of the depth measuring hammer 3 contacts the top surface of the stone material 5 inside the pile pipe 300 (but without applying a downward force to the stone material 5). The value read from the depth measuring rope 2 located at the servo motor 10 is L1 = a + b + c1 + d1; where: a is the height from the servo motor 10 to the first fixed pulley 11, which is directly measured and is a fixed value; b is the horizontal distance from the first fixed pulley 11 to the second fixed pulley 12, which is directly measured and is a fixed value; c1 is the vertical distance from the second fixed pulley 12 to the top surface of the pile pipe 300, which is read through the scale on the pile driving frame 200 and is a variable value; d1 is the distance from the top surface of the pile pipe to the top surface of the stone material inside the pile pipe, which is a calculated value (see...). Figure 4 If the initial height of the stone material inside the pile pipe is h1 = e - d1, where e is the length of the pile pipe 300, which is a fixed value; compare the initial height h1 of the stone material inside the pile pipe with the feeding height h. If 0 < h1 - h < 2m, it is considered normal; if h1 - h > 2m, it is determined that there is external mud and sand intrusion; if h1 - h < -2m, it is determined that the soil outside the pile pipe is not compacted, causing the pile tip gate 301 to open on its own and stone material to overflow.

[0031] Step four: First, raise the pile pipe 300 to a certain height, and keep the bottom surface of the sounding hammer 3 in contact with the top surface of the stone material 5 inside the pile pipe 300 (but do not apply a downward force to the stone material 5). Then, measure the height of the stone material inside the pile pipe again, i.e., read the value on the sounding rope 2 located at the servo motor 10 as L2 = a + b + c2 + d2. c2 is the vertical distance from the first and second fixed pulleys to the top surface of the pile pipe, read from the scale on the pile driving frame, and is a variable value; d2 is the distance from the top surface of the pile pipe to the top surface of the stone material inside the pile pipe, a calculated value (see...). Figure 5 c1-c2 is the height of the pile pipe being pulled up; d2-d1 is the height of the change in stone material inside the pile pipe. Then the filling coefficient of the crushed stone pile in the L1 to L2 stage is (d1-d2) / (c1-c2).

[0032] Step 5: Pull the pile pipe up to a certain height again, and repeat Step 4 until the bottom of the pile pipe is pulled up above the top elevation of the crushed stone pile.

[0033] For example, the length of the 300 pile pipe is e = 55m, the height from the servo motor 10 to the first fixed pulley 11 is a = 43m (fixed value), the horizontal distance from the first fixed pulley 11 to the second fixed pulley 12 is b = 5m (fixed value), and the feeding height is h = 48m;

[0034] When performing step three, the initial readings of the depth measuring rope 2 located at the servo motor 10 are L1 = 95.5m and c1 = 40.5m (measured values). The distance d1 = 7m from the top surface of the pile pipe to the top surface of the stone inside the pile pipe is calculated using L1 = a + b + c1 + d1. The height of the stone inside the pile pipe is h1 = e - d1 = 48m. This data h1 is compared and verified with the feeding height h = 48m. If the difference is within 2m, it is considered normal. If (e - d1 - 48) > 2m, it is determined that there is external mud and sand intrusion. If (e - d1 - 48) < -2m, it is determined that the soil outside the pile pipe is not compacted, causing the pile tip gate to open on its own and stone to overflow.

[0035] When performing step four, the pile pipe is pulled up to a certain height, and the values ​​on the sounding rope 2 located at the servo motor 10 are read again: L2 = 97m, c2 = 37m (measured value). The distance d2 = 12m from the top surface of the pile pipe to the top surface of the stone inside the pile pipe is calculated using L2 = a + b + c2 + d2. Therefore, the height of the pile pipe is c1 - c2 = 3.5m, and the height change of the stone inside the pile pipe is d1 - d2 = 5m. Thus, the filling coefficient of the crushed stone pile in the L1 to L2 stage is (d1 - d2) / (c1 - c2) = 1.4.

[0036] In the method for real-time measurement of crushed stone pile material level of the present invention, the sounding hammer used is subjected to its own weight and buoyancy in water.

[0037] When a sounding hammer is in water: A 20kg sounding hammer experiences a weight of 200N and a buoyancy of 0.03N in water. If an upward force of 100N is applied to it, the weight of the sounding hammer will be greater than the buoyancy of 31N and the upward force applied, and the sounding hammer will sink freely.

[0038] When the sounding hammer is on top of the rock: A continuous upward force of 100N is applied to the sounding hammer in the water. The sounding hammer will sink freely until it reaches the supporting surface (top surface of the rock) that can provide a reaction force. At this point, the sounding hammer 3 is subjected to a downward gravity 30, an upward buoyancy 31, a 100N upward force 32, and an upward reaction force 33 from the top surface of the rock, bringing the sounding hammer 3 to a state of static equilibrium (see...). Figure 6The servo motor 10 pulls the sounding rope 2 to apply an upward force of 100N to the sounding hammer 3. This upward force of 100N keeps the sounding rope 2 taut, so that the scale value on the sounding rope 2 can be read accurately at all times.

[0039] The method for real-time measurement of crushed stone pile material level of the present invention is applicable to the measurement of real-time material level inside the pile pipe of crushed stone piles, sand piles, etc., where the hole is drilled first and then the material is fed from the top.

[0040] The above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the invention and should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the position of a gravel pile in real time, using a depth measuring device, the depth measuring device comprising a driving mechanism, a depth measuring rope and a depth measuring weight; the driving mechanism comprising a servo motor mounted on a platform of a land gravel pile machine or a sea gravel pile ship, a first fixed pulley mounted on the top of a pile frame and located directly above the servo motor, and a second fixed pulley mounted on the top of the pile frame and located directly above the pile pipe and directly in front of the first fixed pulley; the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are mounted on the top of the pile frame through a support; the tail of the depth measuring rope is wound around a reel driven by the servo motor, and a scale is provided on the depth measuring rope; the depth measuring weight is connected to the head of the depth measuring rope; characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one, using land rock pile machine or offshore rock pile ship, the pile pipe is vibrated to the design elevation by vibration hammer; Step two, all stone is put into the pile pipe; Step three, before pulling up the pile pipe, the initial height of the stone in the pile pipe is measured by depth measuring device; when measuring, the depth sounding hammer is first extended into the pile pipe through servo motor and depth sounding rope, the bottom surface of the depth sounding hammer is placed on the top surface of the stone in the pile pipe, and then the value on the depth sounding rope at the servo motor is read as L1=a+b+c1+d1; wherein: a is the height from the servo motor to the first fixed pulley, which is directly taken as a fixed value; b is the horizontal distance from the first fixed pulley to the second fixed pulley, which is directly taken as a fixed value; c1 is the vertical distance from the second fixed pulley to the top surface of the pile pipe, which is read through the scale on the pile frame and is a variable value; d1 is the distance from the top surface of the pile pipe to the top surface of the stone in the pile pipe, and then the initial height h1 of the stone in the pile pipe is e-d1, e is the length of the pile pipe, which is a fixed value; the initial height h1 of the stone in the pile pipe is compared with the feeding height h, if 0 Step four, the pile pipe is pulled up to a certain height, the bottom surface of the depth sounding hammer is kept in contact with the top surface of the stone in the pile pipe, and the height of the stone in the pile pipe is measured again, that is, the value on the depth sounding rope at the servo motor is read again as L2=a+b+c2+d2, c2 is the vertical distance from the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley to the top surface of the pile pipe, which is read through the scale on the pile frame and is a variable value; d2 is the distance from the top surface of the pile pipe to the top surface of the stone in the pile pipe, which is a calculated value; c1-c2 is the height of the pile pipe pulled up; d2-d1 is the height of the stone in the pile pipe changed, and then the filling coefficient of the gravel pile in the stage of L1 to L2 is (d1-d2) / (c1-c2); Step five, the pile pipe is pulled up to a certain height again, and step four is repeated until the bottom of the pile pipe is pulled out of the top elevation of the gravel pile.

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