A six-degree-of-freedom two-probe gear measuring device following the abbe principle

Abstract

The application discloses a six-degree-of-freedom double-probe gear measuring device following the Abbe principle, and belongs to the fields of precise testing technology and instrument and gear non-contact measurement. The measuring device comprises a rack unit, a Y-axis moving unit, a Z-axis moving unit, a double-probe measuring unit and a C-axis rotating and fixing unit. The key components are measured in parallel in a symmetrical distribution form, the left and right tooth surfaces of the gear are synchronously measured, the rotation of the double probe can realize the purpose of adjusting the probe angle which needs to be moved on the guide multiple times in traditional measurement, the Z-axis moving unit is installed on the two sides of the Y-axis moving unit and is used for adjusting the position of the double probe in the tooth width direction, and the grating ruler is coaxially installed on the horizontal extension line of the center of the nut seat of the Y-axis and Z-axis moving units, so that the problems of low measuring efficiency, easy introduction of geometric error and incomplete acquisition of tooth surface data information of the existing gear measuring device are solved, and the influence of the Abbe error on the measuring device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a six-degree-of-freedom dual-probe gear measuring device that follows Abbe's principle, belonging to the fields of precision testing technology and instruments, and non-contact gear measurement. Background Technology

[0002] Abbe's principle is a fundamental principle for precision measurement: accurate results are only obtained when the measured axis coincides with or extends from the axis of the standard measurement. Otherwise, Abbe error will occur, affecting the accuracy of the measuring device. Gears, as critical transmission components in the mechanical field, rely heavily on gear tooth surface information measurement to ensure gear quality. Currently, both contact and non-contact measuring devices for acquiring tooth surface information increasingly emphasize adherence to Abbe's principle. With the improvement in gear measurement efficiency in recent years, corresponding measuring devices must pay greater attention to the manufacturing and installation errors of device components and their design principles. While contact tooth surface information measuring devices offer good versatility, they suffer from low measurement efficiency and are unsuitable for large-scale measurements. Non-contact gear measuring devices, which can rapidly improve measurement efficiency, are gradually becoming the focus of application.

[0003] Currently, non-contact gear measuring devices based on laser displacement sensors are mainly divided into two types according to the number of sensors and component structure in the device: (1) Gear measuring devices based on a single laser displacement sensor. Patents CN112378345A and CN105823435A both use a single laser displacement sensor to measure gears. Each measurement can only obtain data information of one side of the tooth surface, and the measurement efficiency is not high. Among them, patent CN105823435A has five degrees of freedom. It installs a single laser displacement sensor on a three-coordinate translation device. After completing the measurement of one side of the tooth surface, it is necessary to readjust the position of the laser displacement sensor along the X-axis to obtain the tooth surface information of the other side. During the adjustment process, it is easy to introduce the geometric error of the moving guide rail itself, thereby affecting and reducing the measurement accuracy of the device; (2) Gear measuring devices integrating multiple laser probes. Patent CN107388971A has three degrees of freedom. It uses a dual-head laser distance measuring head to measure the tooth surface, but the position of the probe is restricted to the Z-axis direction and cannot move, so it cannot obtain all the tooth surface data information in the tooth width direction. In summary, non-contact gear measuring devices still have problems such as not being able to acquire data information from both sides of the tooth surface simultaneously, being affected by the geometric error of the guide rail itself during multiple movements, and being unable to acquire complete tooth surface data information in the tooth width direction. It is also worth noting that all current inventions based on laser displacement sensors have not considered the impact of Abbe error.

[0004] To overcome the above problems, this invention discloses a six-degree-of-freedom dual-probe gear measuring device following Abbe's principle. It comprehensively considers and upgrades the shortcomings of the aforementioned two non-contact gear measuring devices. Innovatively, it connects the two probe components in parallel to both sides of the Y-axis moving guide rail via two Z-axis moving guide rails. Unlike previous designs and patents, it converts X-axis movement into dual-probe rotation, achieving the same result as previously requiring X-axis movement, thus reducing the introduction of guide rail geometric errors. Secondly, the grating scale is coaxially mounted on the horizontal extension line of the center of the Y-axis and Z-axis moving unit nut seats, ensuring adherence to the first principle of precision measurement: Abbe's principle. Finally, the designed measuring device can acquire data information of both left and right tooth surfaces in a single measurement, and can also acquire complete tooth surface data information by adjusting the positions of the two probes on the Z-axis moving guide rail, demonstrating broad application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problems of low measurement efficiency, easy introduction of geometric errors, susceptibility to Abbe error, and incomplete acquisition of tooth surface data in existing non-contact gear measuring devices. It provides a six-degree-of-freedom dual-probe gear measuring device that follows the Abbe principle, which can efficiently acquire gear tooth surface information while ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0006] This invention addresses the problems of existing gear measuring devices by making fundamental innovations. The basic ideas are: 1. Connecting two probes in parallel to the Y-axis moving unit minimizes the influence of guide rail geometric errors introduced by the moving measurement; 2. Following Abbe's principle, the grating scale is coaxially mounted on the horizontal extension line of the center of the nut seat of the Y-axis and Z-axis moving units, minimizing the influence of Abbe error and forming a fully closed-loop high-precision measurement; 3. By adjusting the position of the two probes in the tooth width direction through the movement of the Z-axis guide rail, synchronous measurement of all information of the left and right tooth surfaces can be achieved.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives and principles, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A six-degree-of-freedom dual-probe gear measuring device following Abbe's principle consists of five units: frame unit 1, Y-axis movement unit 2, Z-axis movement unit 3, dual-probe measuring unit 4, and C-axis rotation and fixing unit 5. The entire device includes 1 degree of freedom of movement along the Y-axis, 1 degree of freedom of movement along the left side of the Z-axis, 1 degree of freedom of movement along the right side of the Z-axis, 1 degree of rotation of rotation around the left servo motor spindle, 1 degree of rotation of rotation around the right servo motor spindle, and 1 degree of rotation of rotation around the C-axis, for a total of 6 degrees of freedom.

[0009] The frame unit 1 includes a T-shaped support frame 1.1, a Y-axis base 1.2, a support column 1.3, a marble tabletop 1.4, a left sliding rail 1.5, and a right sliding rail 1.6;

[0010] The support column 1.3 provides fixed support for the marble countertop 1.4. The upper end of the marble countertop 1.4 is bolted to a T-shaped support frame 1.1. The T-shaped support frame 1.1 is used to install the Y-axis base 1.2. The left sliding rail 1.5 and the right sliding rail 1.6 are bolted to both sides of the Y-axis base 1.2, which can bear part of the load of the Z-axis moving unit 3 along the Z-axis downward, ensuring that the Z-axis moving unit 3 moves stably along the Y-axis.

[0011] The Y-axis moving unit 2 includes a Y-axis servo motor 2.1, a Y-axis nut seat 2.2, a portal frame 2.3, a Y-axis power transmission rod 2.4, a Y-axis grating reading head 2.5, a Y-axis scale grating 2.6, a Y-axis grating base 2.7, and a Y-axis grating reading head connecting plate 2.8;

[0012] The Y-axis servo motor 2.1 provides driving force, thereby driving the Y-axis nut seat 2.2 to move along the Y-axis direction. A portal frame 2.3 is bolted to the upper end of the Y-axis nut seat 2.2. The critical moving position of the Y-axis nut seat 2.2 is precisely adjusted in a closed loop by the Y-axis scale grating 2.6. Unlike the traditional installation method, the Y-axis scale grating 2.6 is coaxially mounted on the horizontal extension line of the center of the Y-axis nut seat 2.2 via the Y-axis grating base 2.7. This design structure follows the Abbe principle, which can reduce the influence of Abbe error on the measuring device. The real-time precise position of the Y-axis nut seat 2.2 is determined by connecting the Y-axis grating reading head connecting plate 2.8 to the four Y-axis power transmission rods 2.4, and then reading the position value of the Y-axis scale grating 2.6 by the Y-axis grating reading head 2.5 mounted on the Y-axis grating reading head connecting plate 2.8.

[0013] The Z-axis moving unit 3 includes a Z-axis left moving module and a Z-axis right moving module. The two modules work on the same principle and are installed on the left and right sides of the portal frame 2.3 respectively by bolts in a symmetrical structural form.

[0014] The Z-axis left-side movement module includes a Z-axis left-side servo motor 3.1, a Z-axis left-side connecting frame 3.2, a Z-axis left-side nut seat 3.3, a Z-axis left-side lead screw guide rail 3.4, a Z-axis left-side power transmission rod 3.5, a Z-axis left-side grating reading head connecting plate 3.6, a Z-axis left-side grating reading head 3.7, a Z-axis left-side scale grating 3.8, and a Z-axis left-side grating base 3.9;

[0015] One side of the Z-axis left connecting bracket 3.2 is bolted to the Z-axis left lead screw guide 3.4, and the other side is bolted to the U-shaped connecting bracket 2.3, allowing the Z-axis left moving module to be installed on the left side of the Y-axis moving unit 2. The Z-axis left servo motor 3.1 provides driving force, thereby driving the Z-axis left nut seat 3.3 to move along the Z-axis direction. The crucial Z-axis left nut seat 3.3's moving position is precisely adjusted in a closed loop using the Z-axis left scale grating 3.8. Unlike traditional installation methods, the Z-axis left scale grating... The scale grating 3.8 is coaxially mounted on the horizontal extension line of the center of the left nut seat 3.3 of the Z-axis via the left grating base 3.9 of the Z-axis. This design structure follows the Abbe principle and can reduce the influence of Abbe error on the measuring device. The real-time accurate position of the left nut seat 3.3 of the Z-axis is determined by connecting the left grating reading head connecting plate 3.6 of the Z-axis through four left power transmission rods 3.5 of the Z-axis, and then by reading the position value of the left scale grating 3.8 of the Z-axis through the left grating reading head 3.7 of the Z-axis mounted on the left grating reading head connecting plate 3.6.

[0016] The Z-axis right-side moving module includes a Z-axis right-side servo motor 3.10, a Z-axis right-side connecting frame 3.11, a Z-axis right-side nut seat 3.12, a Z-axis right-side lead screw guide rail 3.13, a Z-axis right-side power transmission rod 3.14, a Z-axis right-side grating reading head connecting plate 3.15, a Z-axis right-side grating reading head 3.16, a Z-axis right-side scale grating 3.17, and a Z-axis right-side grating base 3.18;

[0017] One side of the Z-axis right-side connecting bracket 3.11 is bolted to the Z-axis right-side lead screw guide 3.13, and the other side is bolted to the U-shaped connecting bracket 2.3, allowing the Z-axis right-side moving module to be installed on the right side of the Y-axis moving unit 2. The Z-axis right-side servo motor 3.10 provides driving force, thereby driving the Z-axis right-side nut seat 3.12 to move along the Z-axis direction. The crucial Z-axis right-side nut seat 3.12's moving position is precisely adjusted in a closed-loop manner using the Z-axis right-side scale grating 3.17. Unlike traditional installation methods, the Z-axis right-side scale... The grating 3.17 is coaxially mounted on the horizontal extension of the center of the Z-axis right nut seat 3.12 via the Z-axis right grating base 3.18. This design follows the Abbe principle and can reduce the influence of Abbe error on the measuring device. The real-time accurate position of the Z-axis right nut seat 3.12 is determined by connecting the Z-axis right grating reading head connecting plate 3.15 to the four Z-axis right power transmission rods 3.14, and then by reading the position value of the Z-axis right scale grating 3.17 by the Z-axis right grating reading head 3.16 mounted on the Z-axis right grating reading head connecting plate 3.15.

[0018] Both the left and right Z-axis moving modules use a scale grating closed-loop method to accurately adjust the position of the Z-axis nut seat in the Z-axis direction. The dual probe measuring unit 4 is installed on the Z-axis nut seat, which can realize tooth surface measurement at different positions in the tooth width direction, thereby obtaining complete tooth surface data information.

[0019] The dual-probe measurement unit 4 includes a left measurement module and a right measurement module;

[0020] The left-side measurement module includes a left-side servo motor 4.1, an L-shaped left-side motor mount 4.2, a left-side connector 4.3, a left-side top connecting bracket 4.4, a left-side heat sink 4.5, and a left-side probe 4.6;

[0021] The upper end of the L-shaped left motor mount 4.2 is used to fix the left servo motor 4.1. The side end of the L-shaped left motor mount 4.2 is used to fix the left measurement module to the left nut seat 3.3 of the Z-axis by bolts. The left servo motor 4.1 provides driving force in the form of pulses, and drives the left top connecting bracket 4.4 to rotate around the main shaft of the left servo motor 4.1 by an angle θ through the left connector 4.3. The left top connecting bracket 4.4 and the left heat sink 4.5 are combined to fix the left probe 4.6, thus completing the adjustment of the measurement angle of the left probe 4.6 by the left servo motor 4.1.

[0022] The right-side measurement module includes a right-side servo motor 4.7, an L-shaped right-side motor mount 4.8, a right-side connector 4.9, a right-side top connecting bracket 4.10, a right-side heat sink 4.11, and a right-side probe 4.12;

[0023] The upper end of the L-shaped right motor mount 4.8 is used to fix the right servo motor 4.7. The side end of the L-shaped right motor mount 4.8 is used to fix the right measurement module to the right nut seat 3.11 of the Z-axis by bolts. The right servo motor 4.7 provides driving force in the form of pulses, and drives the right top connecting bracket 4.10 to rotate around the main shaft of the right servo motor 4.7 by an angle θ through the right connector 4.9. The right top connecting bracket 4.10 and the right heat sink 4.11 are combined to fix the right probe 4.12, thus completing the adjustment of the measurement angle of the right probe 4.12 by the right servo motor 4.7.

[0024] Both the left and right measurement modules use servo motors to adjust the measurement angle of the probe, thus eliminating the need for multiple guide rail movements to adjust the probe angle in traditional measurements and reducing the introduction of guide rail geometric errors. The left heat sink 4.5 and the right heat sink 4.11 passively dissipate heat from the left probe 4.6 and the right probe 4.12 during measurement, respectively.

[0025] The C-axis rotation and fixing unit 5 includes the gear to be tested 5.1, a rotary table 5.2, and a three-jaw chuck 5.3;

[0026] The rotary table 5.2 provides the rotational power for the C-axis and is mounted at the geometric center of the upper surface of the marble tabletop 1.4. The three-jaw chuck 5.3 is fixed to the rotary table 5.2 with bolts and their central axes coincide. The three-jaw chuck 5.3 constrains the five degrees of freedom of the gear 5.1 under test and then clamps it, so that the gear 5.1 under test and the rotary table 5.2 rotate on the same central axis. During the measurement process, the circumferential dynamic rotation of the gear 5.1 under test cooperates with the statically stable dual-probe measurement unit 4 to finally realize the quasi-dynamic acquisition of all tooth data information on the left and right tooth surfaces of the gear.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] 1. In this invention, left and right probes are symmetrically distributed and connected in parallel to the left and right sides of the Y-axis moving unit to simultaneously measure the left and right tooth surfaces of the gear, thereby improving measurement efficiency;

[0029] 2. In this invention, the grating scale is coaxially mounted on the horizontal extension line of the center of the Y-axis and Z-axis moving unit nut seat, which can reduce the influence of Abbe error on the measuring device and improve the accuracy of measurement.

[0030] 3. The present invention uses the rotation of dual probes to achieve the purpose of adjusting the probe angle that requires multiple guide rail movements in traditional measurement, thereby reducing the introduction of geometric errors in the moving guide rail and improving measurement accuracy;

[0031] 4. By adjusting the positions of the left and right probes in the Z-axis direction, this invention can obtain complete tooth surface data information on both sides of the gear.

[0032] 5. The device of this invention has six degrees of freedom and can be applied to the measurement of various types of gears. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 Overall drawing of a six-degree-of-freedom dual-probe gear measuring device following Abbe's principle

[0034] Figure 2 Left view of rack unit

[0035] Figure 3 Y-axis moving unit component diagram

[0036] Figure 4 Z-axis moving unit component diagram

[0037] Figure 5 Dual-probe measurement unit component diagram

[0038] Figure 6 C-axis rotation and fixing unit component diagram

[0039] Figure 7 Implementation Flowchart

[0040] The labels in the diagram are as follows: 1-Frame unit, 2-Y-axis moving unit, 3-Z-axis moving unit, 4-Dual probe measuring unit, 5-C-axis rotation and fixing unit, 1.1-T-type support frame, 1.2-Y-axis base, 1.3-Support column, 1.4-Marble tabletop, 1.5-Left sliding rail, 1.6-Right sliding rail, 2.1-Y-axis servo motor, 2.2-Y-axis nut seat, 2.3-Gate-shaped connecting frame, 2.4-Y-axis power transmission rod, 2.5-Y-axis grating reading head, 2.6-Y-axis scale grating, 2.7-Y-axis grating base, 2.8-Y-axis grating reading head connecting plate. 3.1 Left Z-axis servo motor, 3.2 Left Z-axis connecting bracket, 3.3 Left Z-axis nut seat, 3.4 Left Z-axis lead screw guide, 3.5 Left Z-axis power transmission rod, 3.6 Left Z-axis grating reading head connecting plate, 3.7 Left Z-axis grating reading head, 3.8 Left Z-axis scale grating, 3.9 Left Z-axis grating base, 3.10 Right Z-axis servo motor, 3.11 Right Z-axis connecting bracket, 3.12 Right Z-axis nut seat, 3.13 Right Z-axis lead screw guide, 3.14 Right Z-axis power transmission rod, 3.15 Right Z-axis grating reading head connecting plate, 3.16 Right Z-axis grating reading head, 3.17 Right Z-axis scale grating, 3.18 Right Z-axis grating base, 4.1 Left servo motor, 4.2 4.3-Left side motor mount (L-shaped), 4.4-Left side connector, 4.5-Left side heat sink, 4.6-Left probe, 4.7-Right side servo motor, 4.8-L-shaped right side motor mount, 4.9-Right side connector, 4.10-Right side top connector, 4.11-Right side heat sink, 4.12-Right probe, 5.1-Gear under test, 5.2-Turntable, 5.3-Three-jaw chuck. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Example: A spur gear with a module of 3mm, 47 teeth, a pressure angle of 20°, and a tooth width of 50mm was measured using the device of the present invention;

[0043] Step 1: Reset the axis system. Reset the Y-axis and Z-axis moving units of the device according to the grating.

[0044] As attached Figure 1-7 As shown, a six-degree-of-freedom dual-probe gear measuring device following Abbe's principle consists of five units: frame unit 1, Y-axis moving unit 2, Z-axis moving unit 3, dual-probe measuring unit 4, and C-axis rotation and fixing unit 5.

[0045] The support column 1.3 provides fixed support for the marble countertop 1.4. A T-shaped support frame 1.1 is installed on the upper end of the marble countertop 1.4 by bolts. The T-shaped support frame 1.1 is used to install the Y-axis base 1.2. The left sliding rail 1.5 and the right sliding rail 1.6 are respectively installed on both sides of the Y-axis base 1.2 by bolts. It can bear part of the load of the Z-axis moving unit 3 along the Z-axis downward, ensuring that the Z-axis moving unit 3 moves stably along the Y-axis.

[0046] The Y-axis servo motor 2.1 provides driving force, which in turn drives the Y-axis nut seat 2.2 to move along the Y-axis direction. A U-shaped connecting bracket 2.3 is bolted to the upper end of the Y-axis nut seat 2.2. The critical moving position of the Y-axis nut seat 2.2 is precisely adjusted in a closed loop by the Y-axis scale grating 2.6. Unlike the traditional installation method, the Y-axis scale grating 2.6 is coaxially mounted on the horizontal extension line of the center of the Y-axis nut seat 2.2 via the Y-axis grating base 2.7. The real-time precise position of the Y-axis nut seat 2.2 is determined by connecting the Y-axis grating reading head connecting plate 2.8 to the four Y-axis power transmission rods 2.4, and then reading the position value of the Y-axis scale grating 2.6 by the Y-axis grating reading head 2.5 mounted on the Y-axis grating reading head connecting plate 2.8.

[0047] Specifically, the Y-axis movement unit axis system reset is achieved by the forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor 2.1 driving the Y-axis grating reading head 2.5 back to the zero point of the Y-axis scale grating 2.6, thus realizing the reset of the Y-axis direction;

[0048] One side of the Z-axis left connecting bracket 3.2 is bolted to the Z-axis left lead screw guide 3.4, and the other side is bolted to the portal frame 2.3, allowing the Z-axis left moving module to be installed on the left side of the Y-axis moving unit 2. The Z-axis left servo motor 3.1 provides driving force, thereby driving the Z-axis left nut seat 3.3 to move along the Z-axis direction. The critical Z-axis left nut seat 3.3's moving position is precisely adjusted in a closed loop by the Z-axis left scale grating 3.8. Unlike the traditional installation method, the Z-axis left scale grating 3.8 is coaxially mounted on the horizontal extension line of the center of the Z-axis left nut seat 3.3 via the Z-axis left grating base 3.9. The real-time precise position of the Z-axis left nut seat 3.3 is determined by connecting the four Z-axis left power transmission rods 3.5 to the Z-axis left grating reading head connecting plate 3.6, and then reading the position value of the Z-axis left scale grating 3.8 by the Z-axis left grating reading head 3.7 mounted on the Z-axis left grating reading head connecting plate 3.6.

[0049] Specifically, the Z-axis movement unit is reset by rotating the left-side servo motor 3.1 of the Z-axis in both forward and reverse directions to drive the left-side grating reading head 3.7 of the Z-axis back to the zero point of the left-side scale grating 3.8 of the Z-axis. Then, the Z-axis left-side nut seat 3.3 is adjusted in the Z-axis direction. Similarly, the position of the right-side nut seat 3.12 of the Z-axis is adjusted to achieve the reset of the Z-axis direction.

[0050] The upper end of the L-shaped left motor mount 4.2 is used to fix the left servo motor 4.1. The side end of the L-shaped left motor mount 4.2 is used to fix the left measurement module to the left nut seat 3.3 of the Z-axis by bolts. The left servo motor 4.1 provides driving force in the form of pulses, and drives the left top connecting bracket 4.4 to rotate around the main shaft of the left servo motor 4.1 by an angle θ through the left connector 4.3. The left top connecting bracket 4.4 and the left heat sink 4.5 are combined to fix the left probe 4.6, thus completing the adjustment of the measurement angle of the left probe 4.6 by the left servo motor 4.1.

[0051] Specifically, the measurement angle reset of the dual-probe measurement unit is achieved by using a servo motor 4.1 to control the rotation amount with pulse excitation, which in turn drives the left probe 4.6 to rotate, making the beam emitted by the left probe 4.6 parallel to the Y-axis. At this time, the measurement angle θ is equal to 0°. Similarly, the beam emitted by the right probe 4.12 is adjusted to be parallel to the Y-axis, thus completing the reset of the dual-probe measurement angle.

[0052] While the Y-axis and Z-axis moving units are reset according to the grating, they record the absolute angle parameters of the C-axis rotation and fixing units at that moment.

[0053] Step 2: Fix the gear to be tested;

[0054] The C-axis rotation and fixing unit 5 includes a gear under test 5.1, a rotary table 5.2, and a three-jaw chuck 5.3. The rotary table 5.2 provides the rotational power for the C-axis and is mounted at the geometric center of the upper surface of the marble tabletop 1.4. The three-jaw chuck 5.3 is fixed to the rotary table 5.2 with bolts and their central axes coincide. The three-jaw chuck 5.3 constrains the five degrees of freedom of the gear under test 5.1 and then clamps it, ultimately causing the gear under test 5.1 and the rotary table 5.2 to rotate on the same central axis.

[0055] Step 3: Adjust the position and angle of the dual probes to meet the measurement requirements of the gear to be measured;

[0056] The Y-axis servo motor 2.1 provides driving force, thereby driving the nut seat 2.2 to move along the Y-axis direction. The portal frame 2.3 is installed on the upper end of the nut seat 2.2 by bolts, and the dual probe measuring unit 4 is connected in parallel to both sides of the portal frame 2.3 in a symmetrical distribution.

[0057] Specifically, based on the known parameters of the gear 5.1 to be tested, the position of the dual-probe measuring unit 4 in the Y-axis direction is precisely adjusted so that the distance between the left probe 4.6 and the right probe 4.12 and the tooth surface of the gear 5.1 to be tested is kept within the range of 40mm to 80mm, which satisfies the field of view of the left and right probes.

[0058] The upper end of the L-shaped left motor mount 4.2 is used to fix the left servo motor 4.1. The side end of the L-shaped left motor mount 4.2 is used to fix the left measurement module to the left nut seat 3.3 of the Z-axis by bolts. The left servo motor 4.1 provides driving force in the form of pulses. It drives the left top connecting bracket 4.4 to rotate around the main shaft of the left servo motor 4.1 by an angle θ through the left connector 4.3. The left top connecting bracket 4.4 and the left heat sink 4.5 are combined to fix the left probe 4.6. The left servo motor 4.1 makes the laser beam emitted by the left probe 4.6 have an angle of less than 60° with the normal plane of the gear 5.1 under test.

[0059] Specifically, the angle of the left probe 4.6 is adjusted in the same way as the angle of the right probe 4.12. After the left probe 4.6 and the right probe 4.12 reach the theoretically optimal measurement angle, the rotary table 5.2 drives the gear 5.1 to be measured to rotate 360 ​​degrees, and acquires data information of different tooth surfaces in sequence. The data information of the left and right tooth surfaces is collected to determine whether the optimal measurement angle has been reached. After the optimal measurement angle of the left probe 4.6 and the right probe 4.12 is determined, the emitted light beam is perpendicularly irradiated on the left and right tooth surfaces to be measured, thus completing the positioning of the left probe 4.6 and the right probe 4.12.

[0060] Step 4: Begin quasi-dynamic measurement;

[0061] Keeping the positions of the left probe 4.6 and the right probe 4.12 unchanged after positioning, the tooth surfaces on both sides of the gear 5.1 to be tested are measured synchronously. The gear 5.1 to be tested is rotated 360° by the rotary table 5.2 and then stopped. This will obtain the data information from the tooth tip to the tooth root on both sides of the left and right tooth surfaces of the gear 5.1 at the same tooth width.

[0062] Step 5: Scan layer by layer along the Z-axis;

[0063] Keep the measurement distance and measurement angle between the left and right probes and the gear 5.1 under test unchanged. Adjust the positions of the left probe 4.6 and the right probe 4.12 in the Z-axis direction through the Z-axis moving unit 3, and perform quasi-dynamic measurement of the gear circumference in different positions according to step four.

[0064] Specifically, the tooth width of the gear 5.1 under test is 50mm. According to the beam width emitted by the probe, the tooth surface under test in the Z-axis direction is scanned layer by layer to obtain the complete tooth surface data information of the left and right sides of the gear at different tooth widths.

[0065] Step 6: Data Processing;

[0066] The measured tooth surface data information obtained by the left probe 4.6 and the right probe 4.12 are unified into the global coordinate system based on the coordinate transformation principle to obtain the three-dimensional coordinate data of the gear 5.1 to be tested;

[0067] Step 7: Measurement complete, store gear 3D coordinate data, and print parameter report.

[0068] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A six-degree-of-freedom dual-probe gear measuring device following Abbe's principle, characterized in that, It consists of five units: a frame unit (1), a Y-axis moving unit (2), a Z-axis moving unit (3), a dual-probe measuring unit (4), and a C-axis rotation and fixing unit (5). The C-axis rotation and fixing unit (5) and the Y-axis moving unit (2) are located at the geometric center of the upper plane of the frame unit (1). The C-axis rotation and fixing unit (5) has one degree of freedom of rotation around the C-axis, which is the first degree of freedom of the entire measuring device. The Y-axis moving unit (2) has Z-axis moving units (3) installed on both sides of the portal frame (2.3), which can drive the Z-axis moving units (3) to move along the Y-axis, which is the second degree of freedom of the entire measuring device. The Z-axis moving unit (3) consists of two independent Z-axis left-side moving modules and Z-axis right-side moving modules. The two measuring units (4) are composed of a left measuring module and a right measuring module, which are respectively installed on the Z-axis moving unit (3) by bolts. They can rotate around the main shaft of the left and right servo motors, respectively, and belong to the fifth and sixth degrees of freedom of the entire measuring device. In the Y-axis moving unit (2) and the Z-axis moving unit (3), the nut seat can move along the Y-axis and Z-axis, and a set of scale gratings are set in the Y-axis and Z-axis extension directions according to Abbe's principle. Each set of scale gratings corresponds to a grating reading head. The grating reading head is installed on the grating reading head connecting plate, and the grating reading head connecting plate is connected to the nut seat through four power transmission rods.

2. The six-degree-of-freedom dual-probe gear measuring device following Abbe's principle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis servo motor (2.1) provides driving force, which in turn drives the Y-axis nut seat (2.2) to move along the Y-axis direction. A portal frame (2.3) is bolted to the upper end of the Y-axis nut seat (2.2). The critical moving position of the Y-axis nut seat (2.2) is precisely adjusted in a closed loop by the Y-axis scale grating (2.6). Unlike the traditional installation method, the Y-axis scale grating (2.6) is installed coaxially through the Y-axis grating base (2.7) and parallel to the Y-axis direction. The real-time precise position of the Y-axis nut seat (2.2) is transmitted to the Y-axis grating reading head connecting plate (2.8) through four Y-axis power transmission rods (2.4), and the position value of the Y-axis scale grating (2.6) is determined by the Y-axis grating reading head (2.5) installed on the Y-axis grating reading head connecting plate (2.8).

3. The six-degree-of-freedom dual-probe gear measuring device following Abbe's principle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The Z-axis moving unit (3) consists of two independent Z-axis left-side moving modules and Z-axis right-side moving modules. One side of the Z-axis left-side connecting bracket (3.2) in the Z-axis left-side moving module is bolted to the Z-axis left-side lead screw guide rail (3.4), and the other side is bolted to the U-shaped connecting bracket (2.3), allowing the Z-axis left-side moving module to be installed on the left side of the Y-axis moving unit (2). The Z-axis left-side servo motor (3.1) provides driving force, thereby driving the Z-axis left-side nut seat (3.3) to move along the Z-axis direction. The key Z-axis left-side nut seat (3.3) movement position is determined by… The left-side scale grating (3.8) of the Z-axis is adjusted in a closed-loop manner. Unlike the traditional installation method, the left-side scale grating (3.8) of the Z-axis is installed coaxially through the left-side grating base (3.9) of the Z-axis and is parallel to the Z-axis direction. The real-time precise position of the left-side nut seat (3.3) of the Z-axis is transmitted to the left-side grating reading head connecting plate (3.6) of the Z-axis through four left-side power transmission rods (3.5), and the position value of the left-side scale grating (3.8) of the Z-axis is determined by the left-side grating reading head (3.7) of the Z-axis installed on the left-side grating reading head connecting plate (3.6). One side of the Z-axis right-side connecting bracket (3.11) in the Z-axis right-side moving module is bolted to the Z-axis right-side lead screw guide rail (3.13), and the other side is bolted to the U-shaped connecting bracket (2.3), so that the Z-axis right-side moving module is installed on the right side of the Y-axis moving unit (2). The Z-axis right-side servo motor (3.10) provides driving force, thereby driving the Z-axis right-side nut seat (3.12) to move along the Z-axis direction. The critical Z-axis right-side nut seat (3.12) moving position is precisely adjusted in a closed loop by the Z-axis right-side scale grating (3.17). Similar to the installation of the left-side scale grating (3.8) on the Z-axis, the right-side scale grating (3.17) on the Z-axis is installed coaxially via the right-side grating base (3.18) and parallel to the Z-axis direction. The real-time precise position of the right-side nut seat (3.12) on the Z-axis is transmitted to the right-side grating reading head connecting plate (3.15) via four right-side power transmission rods (3.14) on the Z-axis, and the position value of the right-side scale grating (3.17) is determined by the right-side grating reading head (3.16) on the right-side grating reading head connecting plate (3.15).

4. The six-degree-of-freedom dual-probe gear measuring device following Abbe's principle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-probe measurement unit (4) consists of an independent left measurement module and a right measurement module. The left measurement module and the right measurement module can respectively realize rotational motion around the main shaft of the left servo motor (4.1) and around the main shaft of the right servo motor (4.7). The upper end of the L-shaped left motor seat (4.2) in the left measurement module is used to fix the left servo motor (4.1). The side end of the L-shaped left motor seat (4.2) is fixed to the left nut seat (3.3) on the left Z-axis by bolts. The left servo motor (4.1) provides driving force in the form of pulses, and drives the left top connecting frame (4.4) to rotate around the main shaft of the left servo motor (4.1) through the left connector (4.3). The left heat sink (4.5) and the left top connecting frame (4.4) are installed together to fix the left probe (4.6). The upper end of the L-shaped right motor mount (4.8) in the right measurement module is used to fix the right servo motor (4.7). The side end of the L-shaped right motor mount (4.8) is used to fix the right measurement module to the right nut seat (3.11) of the Z-axis by bolts. The right servo motor (4.7) provides driving force in the form of pulses, and drives the right top connecting frame (4.10) to rotate around the main shaft of the right servo motor (4.7) through the right connector (4.9). The right top connecting frame (4.10) and the right heat sink (4.11) are combined to fix the right probe (4.12).

5. A six-degree-of-freedom dual-probe gear measuring device following Abbe's principle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary table (5.2) in the C-axis rotation and fixing unit (5) provides the rotational power for the C-axis. It is installed at the geometric center of the upper plane of the marble tabletop (1.4). The three-jaw chuck (5.3) is fixed to the rotary table (5.2) by bolts and their central axes coincide. The three-jaw chuck (5.3) constrains the five degrees of freedom of the gear under test (5.1) and then clamps it, so that the gear under test (5.1) and the rotary table (5.2) rotate coaxially.

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