Transmission line steel pipe towers and their design methods

Abstract

This invention discloses a steel pipe tower for power transmission lines and its design method. The tower includes two main poles, a steel crossarm, guy wires, and fork beams. The two main poles are vertically arranged and parallel to each other. The steel crossarms are fixed to the upper ends of the two main poles. Guy wires are installed at the connection between the steel crossarms and the two main poles. At least one set of fork beams is installed on the two main poles below the steel crossarms. The design method includes the following steps: acquiring all points and pole information in a GIM model; performing initial pole selection, identifying three types of poles; refining pole selection step by step based on the initial selection results; displaying the identified poles in a graphical and tabular format; and calculating the steel pipe poles based on the pole model information. The design method of this invention has a high degree of automation and strong model recognition accuracy; the use of visual graphical and tabular design allows users to easily fine-tune the poles; and comprehensive consideration based on model layout restoration can reduce the cost of steel pipe pole design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a steel pipe tower for power transmission lines and its design method, belonging to the field of power transmission line technology. Background Technology

[0002] Long-distance power grid transmission requires the erection of poles and towers to support power lines and cables; therefore, pole and tower design is an important part of power transmission line construction.

[0003] GIM, short for Grid Information Model, is a technical standard developed by the State Grid Corporation of China to meet the needs of 3D design for power transmission and transformation projects. The standard format for 3D design models of power transmission and transformation projects is "*.GIM". For details, please refer to "qgdw11809—2018 Interactive Specification for 3D Design Models of Power Transmission and Transformation Projects".

[0004] The actual member model information required for steel pipe tower design includes: main pole; crossarm; grounding wire support; tie rod; guy wire; crossbeam; and diagonal tie rod / crossbeam. Reconstructing the actual member information from a simple geometric model is an extremely complex task. Using traditional manual methods is time-consuming and inefficient, requiring hand-drawn member coordinate diagrams, visual identification of member types, and manual calculation of member positions and relationships, which is prone to errors. Especially for complex models, manual reconstruction significantly increases the workload and cannot guarantee optimal design model reconstruction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a steel pipe tower for power transmission lines and its design method, which not only ensures the optimality of the steel pipe tower model reconstruction but also reduces the design cost of the steel pipe tower.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a steel pipe tower for a power transmission line, comprising two main poles, a steel crossarm, guy wires, and fork beams. The two main poles are arranged vertically and parallel to each other. The steel crossarm is fixed to the upper end of the two main poles. Guy wires are provided at the connection between the steel crossarm and the two main poles. At least one set of fork beams is provided on the two main poles below the steel crossarm.

[0008] As one possible implementation of this embodiment, each set of fork beams includes two intersecting fork beams.

[0009] As one possible implementation of this embodiment, the steel crossarm is provided with three wire hanging points.

[0010] As one possible implementation of this embodiment, there are at least four guy wires, with at least two guy wires installed on each main rod.

[0011] Secondly, an embodiment of the present invention provides a design method for steel pipe towers of transmission lines, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Obtain information on all points and members in the GIM model;

[0013] A preliminary selection of poles was conducted, resulting in three categories of poles; these three categories of poles include main poles or guy wires, fork beams, tie rods or diagonal tie rods, and crossbeams or crossbeams.

[0014] Based on the initial selection results, the selection of poles will be carried out step by step;

[0015] The identified rods are displayed in a combination of graphics and tables.

[0016] Calculations for steel pipe poles are performed based on the pole model information.

[0017] As one possible implementation of this embodiment, the initial selection of members identifies three types of members, including:

[0018] Compare the heights of the two ends of the member. If the two heights are the same, it means that the member is horizontal. The horizontal member is initially selected as a crossbeam or a horizontal beam.

[0019] Compare the coordinates of the two ends of the pole. If the x and y coordinates are the same but the z coordinate is different, it means that it is vertical. Calculate the length of the current pole. If it is less than 1000mm, select it as a ground wire support. Otherwise, select it as a main pole or guy wire.

[0020] Using spatial trigonometric relationships, calculate the angle α between the member and the ground. If it is greater than 70 degrees, the initial selection is either the main member or the guy wire.

[0021] Obtain the z-coordinates of the two ends of the member. If there is a point with a z-coordinate of 0, it means that the current member has a ground point. The initial selection is ① main member or guy wire.

[0022] The remaining members are initially selected as ② tie rods, fork beams, or diagonal tie rods.

[0023] As one possible implementation of this embodiment, the formula for calculating the angle α between the rod and the ground is:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, h is the elevation difference between the two endpoints, h = |z1 - z2|.

[0026] L is the distance between the two endpoints.

[0027] (x1,y1,z1) and (x2,y2,z2) are the coordinates of the endpoints of the rod.

[0028] As one possible implementation of this embodiment, the step-by-step selection of rods based on the initial selection results includes:

[0029] Process the main poles or guy wires from the initial selection results:

[0030] 1) Calculate the angle between the pole and the ground, and select the pole that is vertical to the ground as the main pole.

[0031] 2) By comparing with other members in a loop, the member with the coordinates of the highest point is selected as the main member.

[0032] 3) Circulating members, including selected main members with coordinates of points below ground level.

[0033] 4) Compare with other members in a loop to find if there are symmetrical members. Select the member with the largest angle as the main member.

[0034] 5) The remaining selection is for drawing lines;

[0035] Process the tie rods, fork beams, or diagonal tie rods selected in the preliminary selection:

[0036] 1) Iteratively calculate the relationship between these members and the main member. If there is only one intersection point, then it is selected as a tie member. The method for calculating the intersection point of the two line segments in space is as follows: Assume the coordinates of the two ends of member 1 are A(X1,Y1,Z1) and B(X2,Y2,Z2), the coordinates of the two ends of member 2 are C(X3,Y3,Z3) and D(X4,Y4,Z4), and the coordinates of the intersection point are O(X5,Y5,Z5).

[0037] (X5,Y5,Z5)=(X1,Y1,Z1)+K1(X2-X1,Y2-Y1,Z2-Z1),

[0038] (X5,Y5,Z5)=(X3,Y3,Z3)+K2(X4-X3,Y4-Y3,Z4-Z3),

[0039] X5=X1+K1(X2-X1)=X3+K2(X4-X3) (1)

[0040] Y5=Y1+K1(Y2-Y1)=Y3+K2(Y4-Y3) (2)

[0041] Z5=Z1+K1(Z2-Z1)=Z3+K2(Z4-Z3) (3)

[0042] Where K1 is the ratio of the distance from endpoint A of member 1 to intersection point O to the length of member 1, and K2 is the ratio of the distance from endpoint C of member 2 to intersection point O to the length of member 2.

[0043] Solving equations (1), (2), and (3) simultaneously, we can determine whether the lines in space intersect and the coordinates of that intersection point.

[0044] 2) If there are two intersection points and symmetrical members, a forked beam is preferred.

[0045] 3) If there are two intersection points and no symmetrical members, it is selected as a tie rod;

[0046] Treatment of crossarms or beams in the preliminary selection:

[0047] 1) Iteratively calculate the relationship between these members and the main member. If there is only one intersection point, select it as a crossarm.

[0048] 2) If there are two intersection points, and these two intersection points are equal to the endpoints of the member itself, and there are no other members connecting with it, then it is selected as a beam.

[0049] 3) The remaining selections are for horizontal supports.

[0050] As one possible implementation of this embodiment, member docking means that the first and last coordinates of two members are the same and they are on the same straight line in space. The process of determining whether members are docked is as follows: Assuming that the first and last coordinates of members 1 and 2 are the same, the coordinates of the two ends of member 1 are A(X1,Y1,Z1) and B(X2,Y2,Z2), and the coordinates of the two ends of member 2 are B(X2,Y2,Z2) and C(X3,Y3,Z3). In the calculation, it is only necessary to determine that the distance AB of the spatial members + the distance BC = the distance AC. If the equation is true, it means that there are docking members; otherwise, there are no docking members.

[0051] As one possible implementation of this embodiment, the step of displaying the identified rods in a graphical and tabular format includes:

[0052] 1) The table displays the coordinates of the left and right endpoints of the members and the member type;

[0053] 2) The virtual ground is drawn in a grid in the graphic, and all the identified poles are drawn using different colors;

[0054] 3) When a user selects a member in the table, the member will be drawn in bright red in the graphic;

[0055] 4) Allows manual changes to the bar type.

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention can have the following beneficial effects:

[0057] The steel pipe tower for transmission lines designed in this invention ensures that the optimal design model can be reproduced even under complex model conditions.

[0058] The design method for steel pipe towers of transmission lines of the present invention has a high degree of automation and strong model recognition accuracy; it adopts a visual graphic + table design, which allows users to easily make fine adjustments to the towers; and by comprehensively considering the layout restoration according to the model, the design cost of steel pipe towers can be reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a steel pipe tower for a power transmission line according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0060] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a design method for steel pipe towers for power transmission lines according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a GIM file organization structure according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0062] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a Mod file according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0063] Figure 5 This is an exemplary embodiment illustrating a diagram for identifying member information in a GIM geometric model;

[0064] Figure 6 This is an example diagram illustrating spatial coordinate calculation according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0065] Figure 1 In the middle, 1. Main pole one; 2. Main pole two; 3. Steel crossarm; 4. Guy wire one; 5. Guy wire two; 6. Guy wire three; 7. Guy wire four; 8. Fork beam one; 9. Fork beam two; 10. Conductor hanging point one; 11. Conductor hanging point two; 12. Conductor hanging point three. Detailed Implementation

[0066] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0067] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the invention, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. This repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components, processing techniques, and processes are omitted in this invention to avoid unnecessarily limiting the invention.

[0068] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a steel pipe tower for a power transmission line, including two main poles, main pole 1 and main pole 2, a steel crossarm 3, guy wires, and fork beams. The main pole 1 and main pole 2 are arranged vertically and parallel to each other. The steel crossarm 3 is fixed to the upper end of the two main poles. Guy wires are provided at the connection between the steel crossarm 3 and the two main poles. At least one set of fork beams is provided on the two main poles below the steel crossarm.

[0069] As one possible implementation of this embodiment, there are at least four guy wires: guy wire 1 4, guy wire 2 5, guy wire 3 6 and guy wire 4 7, with at least two guy wires on each main rod.

[0070] As one possible implementation of this embodiment, each set of fork beams includes two intersecting fork beams, fork beam 1 8 and fork beam 2 9.

[0071] As one possible implementation of this embodiment, the steel crossarm is provided with three conductor hanging points: conductor hanging point one 10, conductor hanging point two 11 and conductor hanging point three 12.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a design method for steel pipe towers of transmission lines, which includes the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: Obtain information on all points and members in the GIM model.

[0074] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the standard format file stores data including: geometric model elements (*.mod), combined model (*.phm), physical model (*.dev), logical model (*.sch), engineering model (*.cbm), and attribute information (*.fam). The standard format file is stored according to a four-directory structure, see... Figure 4 The files use GUIDs as unique identifiers. All files are uniformly encoded in UTF-8. Standard format files establish relationships between different levels through references. After decompressing the GIM file, you can find the geometric model *.Mod file, which is divided into a single-line geometric model and a lofting model. The member information in the *.Mod file is presented in the form of coordinate points, such as the point description: P (point), 1 (point number), 750.000 (X coordinate), 0.000 (Y coordinate), 15481.238 (Z coordinate); the member description: R (member), 3 (point number 1), 23 (point number 2). This invention only processes single-line geometric models.

[0075] Step 2: Initial selection of members, resulting in 3 types of members.

[0076] The three types of poles include main poles or guy wires, fork beams, tie rods or diagonal tie rods, and crossbeams or crossbeams;

[0077] 2.1 Compare the heights of the two ends of the member. If the heights of the two ends are the same, it means that the member is horizontal. The horizontal member is initially selected as a crossbeam or a horizontal beam.

[0078] 2.2 Compare the coordinates of the two ends of the pole. If the x and y coordinates are the same but the z coordinate is different, it means that it is vertical. Calculate the length of the current pole. If it is less than 1000mm, select it as a ground wire support. Otherwise, initially select it as a main pole or guy wire.

[0079] 2.3 Using spatial trigonometric relationships, calculate the angle α between the member and the ground. If it is greater than 70 degrees, initially select ① the main member or the guy wire; the formula for calculating the angle α between the member and the ground is:

[0080]

[0081] In the formula, h is the elevation difference between the two endpoints, h = |z1 - z2|.

[0082] L is the distance between the two endpoints.

[0083] (x1,y1,z1) and (x2,y2,z2) are the coordinates of the endpoints of the rod;

[0084] 2.4 Obtain the z-coordinates of the two ends of the member. If there is a point with a z-coordinate of 0, it means that the current member has a ground point. The initial selection is ① main member or guy wire.

[0085] 2.5 The remaining members are initially selected as ② tie rods, fork beams or diagonal tie rods.

[0086] Step 3: Based on the initial selection results, refine the selection of rods step by step.

[0087] 3.1 Process the main poles or guy wires from the initial selection:

[0088] 1) Calculate the angle between the pole and the ground, and select the pole that is vertical to the ground as the main pole.

[0089] 2) By comparing with other members in a loop, the member with the coordinates of the highest point is selected as the main member.

[0090] 3) Circulating members, including selected main members with coordinates of points below ground level.

[0091] 4) Compare with other members in a loop to find if there are symmetrical members. Select the member with the largest angle as the main member.

[0092] 5) The remaining selection is for drawing lines;

[0093] 3.2 Processing the tie rods, fork beams, or diagonal tie rods selected in the preliminary selection:

[0094] 1) Iteratively calculate the relationship between these members and the main rod. If there is only one intersection point, then select it as a tie rod, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the method for calculating the intersection point of line segments 2 in space is as follows: Assume the coordinates of the two ends of member 1 are A(X1,Y1,Z1) and B(X2,Y2,Z2), the coordinates of the two ends of member 2 are C(X3,Y3,Z3) and D(X4,Y4,Z4), and the coordinates of the intersection point are O(X5,Y5,Z5).

[0095] (X5,Y5,Z5)=(X1,Y1,Z1)+K1(X2-X1,Y2-Y1,Z2-Z1),

[0096] (X5,Y5,Z5)=(X3,Y3,Z3)+K2(X4-X3,Y4-Y3,Z4-Z3),

[0097] X5=X1+K1(X2-X1)=X3+K2(X4-X3) (1)

[0098] Y5=Y1+K1(Y2-Y1)=Y3+K2(Y4-Y3) (2)

[0099] Z5=Z1+K1(Z2-Z1)=Z3+K2(Z4-Z3) (3)

[0100] Where K1 is the ratio of the distance from endpoint A of member 1 to intersection point O to the length of member 1, and K2 is the ratio of the distance from endpoint C of member 2 to intersection point O to the length of member 2.

[0101] Solving equations (1), (2), and (3) simultaneously, we can determine whether the lines in space intersect and the coordinates of that intersection point.

[0102] 2) If there are two intersection points and symmetrical members, a forked beam is preferred.

[0103] 3) If there are two intersection points and no symmetrical members, it is selected as a tie rod;

[0104] 3.3 Processing of crossarms or beams from the preliminary selection:

[0105] 1) Iteratively calculate the relationship between these members and the main member. If there is only one intersection point, select it as a crossarm.

[0106] 2) If there are two intersection points, and these two intersection points are equal to the endpoints of the members themselves, and there are no other members connecting with them, then it is selected as a beam. Member connection means that the coordinates of the beginning and end of the two members are the same and they are on the same straight line in space. The process of determining whether members are connected is as follows: Assuming that the coordinates of the beginning and end of members 1 and 2 are the same, the coordinates of the two endpoints of member 1 are A(X1,Y1,Z1) and B(X2,Y2,Z2), and the coordinates of the two endpoints of member 2 are B(X2,Y2,Z2) and C(X3,Y3,Z3). When calculating, it is only necessary to determine that the distance AB between the members in space + the distance BC between the members = the distance AC. If the equation holds, then there are connecting members; otherwise, there are no connecting members.

[0107] 3) The remaining selections are for horizontal supports.

[0108] Step 4: Display the identified rods in a graphical and tabular format, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown.

[0109] 1) The table displays the coordinates of the left and right endpoints of the members and the member type;

[0110] 2) The virtual ground is drawn in a grid in the graphic, and all the identified poles are drawn using different colors;

[0111] 3) When a user selects a member in the table, the member will be drawn in bright red in the graphic;

[0112] 4) Allows manual changes to the bar type.

[0113] Step 5: Calculate the steel pipe pole based on the pole model information.

[0114] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for steel pipe towers of transmission lines, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain information on all points and members in the GIM model; A preliminary selection of poles was conducted, resulting in three categories of poles; these three categories of poles include main poles or guy wires, fork beams, tie rods or diagonal tie rods, and crossbeams or crossbeams. Based on the initial selection results, the selection of poles will be carried out step by step; The identified rods are displayed in a combination of graphics and tables. Calculations for steel pipe poles are performed based on the pole model information; The step-by-step selection of rods based on the initial selection results includes: Process the main poles or guy wires from the initial selection results: 1) Calculate the angle between the pole and the ground, and select the pole that is vertical to the ground as the main pole. 2) By comparing with other members in a loop, the member with the highest point coordinates is selected as the main member. 3) Circulating members, including selected main members with coordinates of points below ground level. 4) Compare with other members in a loop to find if there are symmetrical members. Select the member with the largest angle as the main member. 5) The remaining selection is for drawing lines; Process the tie rods, fork beams, or diagonal tie rods selected in the preliminary selection: 1) Iteratively calculate the relationship between these members and the main member. If there is only one intersection point, then it is selected as a tie member. The method for calculating the intersection point of the two line segments in space is as follows: Assume that the coordinates of the two ends of member 1 are A(X1,Y1,Z1) and B(X2,Y2,Z2), the coordinates of the two ends of member 2 are C(X3,Y3,Z3) and D(X4,Y4,Z4), and the coordinates of the intersection point are O(X5,Y5,Z5). (X5,Y5,Z5)=(X1,Y1,Z1)+K1(X2-X1,Y2-Y1,Z2-Z1), (X5,Y5,Z5)=(X3,Y3,Z3)+K2(X4-X3,Y4-Y3,Z4-Z3), X5=X1+K1(X2-X1)=X3+K2(X4-X3)(1) Y5=Y1+K1(Y2-Y1)=Y3+K2(Y4-Y3)(2) Z5=Z1+K1(Z2-Z1)=Z3+K2(Z4-Z3)(3) Where K1 is the ratio of the distance from endpoint A of member 1 to intersection point O to the length of member 1, and K2 is the ratio of the distance from endpoint C of member 2 to intersection point O to the length of member 2. Solving equations (1), (2), and (3) simultaneously, we can determine whether the lines in space intersect and the coordinates of that intersection point. 2) If there are two intersection points and symmetrical members, a forked beam is preferred. 3) If there are two intersection points and no symmetrical members, it is selected as a tie rod; Treatment of crossarms or beams in the preliminary selection: 1) Iteratively calculate the relationship between these members and the main member. If there is only one intersection point, select it as a crossarm. 2) If there are two intersection points, and these two intersection points are equal to the endpoints of the member itself, and there are no other members connecting with it, then it is selected as a beam. 3) The remaining selections are for horizontal supports.

2. The design method for steel pipe towers of transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial selection of members resulted in three categories of members, including: Compare the heights of the two ends of the member. If the two heights are the same, it means that the member is horizontal. The horizontal member is initially selected as a crossbeam or a horizontal beam. Compare the coordinates of the two ends of the pole. If the x and y coordinates are the same but the z coordinate is different, it means that it is vertical. Calculate the length of the current pole. If it is less than 1000mm, select it as a ground wire support. Otherwise, select it as a main pole or guy wire. Using spatial trigonometric relationships, calculate the angle α between the member and the ground. If it is greater than 70 degrees, the initial selection is either the main member or the guy wire. Obtain the z-coordinates of the two ends of the member. If there is a point with a z-coordinate of 0, it means that the current member has a ground point. The initial selection is ① main member or guy wire. The remaining members are initially selected as ② tie rods, fork beams, or diagonal tie rods.

3. The design method for steel pipe towers of transmission lines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the angle α between the rod and the ground is: ， In the formula, h is the elevation difference between the two endpoints, h = |z1 - z2|. L is the distance between the two endpoints. , (x1,y1,z1) and (x2,y2,z2) are the coordinates of the endpoints of the rod.

4. The design method for steel pipe towers of transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, A member connection is defined as two members having the same coordinates at their beginning and end, and lying on the same straight line in space. The process of determining whether members are connected is as follows: Assuming that members 1 and 2 have the same coordinates at their beginning and end, and the coordinates of the two endpoints of member 1 are A(X1,Y1,Z1) and B(X2,Y2,Z2), and the coordinates of the two endpoints of member 2 are B(X2,Y2,Z2) and C(X3,Y3,Z3), the calculation only needs to determine whether the distance AB between the two members in space equals the distance AC. If the equation holds, then there are connected members; otherwise, there are no connected members.

5. The design method for steel pipe towers of transmission lines according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The identified rods are displayed in a graphical and tabular format, including: 1) The table displays the coordinates of the left and right endpoints of the members and the member type; 2) The virtual ground is drawn in a grid in the graphic, and all the identified poles are drawn using different colors; 3) When a user selects a member in the table, the member will be drawn in bright red in the graphic; 4) Allows manual changes to the bar type.

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