A chestnut thorn shelling vehicle and chestnut thorn shelling method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a chestnut thorn shelling vehicle and a chestnut thorn shelling method. In the picking device of the present invention, a rotating shaft 1 and a fixed frame form a rotating pair, and in the conveying device, a rotating shaft 2 and a conveying frame form a rotating pair. A cylindrical roller is fixed on the rotating shaft 2, and a plurality of screen plates 1 arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction are fixed on the arc surface of the cylindrical roller. The rotating shaft 1 and the rotating shaft 2 are both driven by a transmission mechanism; in the conveying device, a spiral blade is fixed on the conveying shaft, and the conveying shaft and the conveying frame form a rotating pair and are connected to the transmission mechanism; in the shelling device, a shelling bin is fixed and connected to the conveying frame through a conduit, and a shelling roller is placed in the shelling bin and fixed to the rotating shaft 3. The present invention realizes the picking and conveying of chestnuts or chestnut fruits through a picking device, a conveying device and a conveying device, replaces manual picking and conveying, reduces labor intensity, realizes the separation of chestnuts and chestnut thorn shells through a shelling device, and realizes the separation of chestnuts and chestnut thorn shells through a separation device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a chestnut thorn-removing shell vehicle and a chestnut thorn-removing shell method. Background Art

[0002] Chestnut is one of the earliest fruit trees cultivated in my country, with a very wide planting area. Its fruit contains a large amount of starch, sugar, protein, fat and multiple vitamins and minerals, and has good nutritional value. At present, the collection of chestnuts usually adopts the chestnut picking method, that is, waiting until the chestnuts are ripe and fall to the ground before picking them up. The chestnuts collected by this method are highly mature, plump, high-quality, and durable in storage and transportation. At present, chestnut picking is mainly done by manual picking, which has high labor intensity. Part of the shelling of chestnuts is done manually, and the other part is shelled by shelling equipment. However, the manual shelling method has the disadvantages of high labor intensity and low efficiency, and the existing shelling equipment has a large structure and cannot be moved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a chestnut thorn-removing shelling vehicle and a chestnut thorn-removing shelling method.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The invention discloses a chestnut thorn-removing shelling vehicle, which comprises a picking device, a fixing frame, a transmission mechanism, a conveying device, a delivery device, a shelling device, a separating device, a collecting box and a mobile trolley.

[0006] The picking device comprises a rotating shaft 1, a disc and a baffle. The vertically arranged rotating shaft 1 forms a rotating pair with a fixed frame and is driven by a transmission mechanism arranged in the fixed frame; a horizontally arranged disc is fixed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 1 outside the fixed frame, and a plurality of rubber strips arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction are fixed on the arc surface of the disc; the baffle is vertically fixed to the bottom end of the fixed frame.

[0007] The conveying device includes a conveying frame, a rotating shaft 2, a cylindrical roller, a circular ring, a connecting rod, a cam plate, a screen piece 1, a screen piece 2 and a fixed rod. The conveying frame is fixed to the front end of the body of the mobile trolley, and the fixed frame is fixed to the front end of the conveying frame. A sweeping inlet is provided at the front end of the conveying frame below the fixed frame, and the sweeping inlet is located between the rotating shaft 1 and the baffle; the horizontally arranged rotating shaft 2 forms a rotating pair with the conveying frame and is driven by a transmission mechanism; a cylindrical roller is fixed at a position on the rotating shaft 2 located inside the conveying frame; a plurality of screen pieces 1 arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction are fixed on the circular arc surface of the cylindrical roller, and the screen piece 1 is composed of a plurality of screen rods 1 arranged equidistantly along the axial direction; cam plates are fixed at both ends of the cylindrical roller, and the cam plates are integrally formed and equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction. The conveyor frame is composed of a plurality of cams arranged at intervals; circular rings are fixed at the positions at both ends of the cylindrical roller on the two inner side walls of the conveyor frame, and each circular ring is located outside the cam plate on the same side; the connecting rod is provided with two vertically arranged ones, each connecting rod and a circular hole one opened on a circular ring form a sliding pair, and the lower end of each connecting rod and a cam plate form a cam pair; the central axis of the fixed rod is parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical roller, and a sieve plate 2 is fixed on the fixed rod. The sieve plate 2 is composed of a plurality of sieve rods 2 arranged equidistantly along the axial direction, and the ends of the two sieve rods 2 located on the outside of the sieve plate 2 away from the fixed rod are hinged to the upper ends of the two connecting rods. Among them, each sieve rod 1 in the sieve plate 1 is staggered with each sieve rod 2 in the sieve plate 2, the number of cams on the cam plate is equal to the number of sieve plates 1, and each sieve plate 1 is located in the middle of two cams adjacent to each other circumferentially on the cam plate.

[0008] The conveying device includes a conveying frame, a conveying shaft and a spiral blade. The spiral blade is fixed on the inclined conveying shaft; the conveying shaft and the conveying frame form a rotating pair, are connected to the transmission mechanism, and are driven by a driving motor; the conveying frame is fixed to the transport frame, the vehicle body and the fixed frame, and an input port is opened at a position near the lower end of the conveying shaft on the conveying frame, a fixed rod and a position at the lower end of the input port on the conveying frame form a rotating pair, and an output port is opened at a position near the upper end of the conveying shaft at the bottom of the conveying frame, and a guide tube is fixed at the output port.

[0009] The shelling device comprises a shelling bin, a cylindrical sleeve, a shelling roller, a rotating shaft 3, a shift fork, a driving motor 2, a spline shaft and an outer sleeve. The upper end of the shelling bin is fixedly connected with the guide tube, and an opening is provided at the lower end; the vertically arranged cylindrical sleeve is arranged at the center of the opening, and is fixed to the lower end of the shelling bin through a plurality of connecting rods arranged equidistantly along the circumference; the shelling roller is placed in the shelling bin and is fixed to the rotating shaft 3; the upper end of the rotating shaft 3 forms a cylindrical pair with the cylindrical sleeve, and the lower end forms a sliding pair with the spline shaft placed in the outer sleeve through the spline groove provided, and the spline shaft is driven by the driving motor 2; the outer sleeve is fixed to the housing of the driving motor 2; the shift fork is horizontally fixed in the outer sleeve, and forms a spiral pair with the bidirectional spiral groove provided on the arc surface of the rotating shaft 3.

[0010] The separation device includes an umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate, a cylinder 1 and a cylinder 2. The cylinder 1 is vertically fixed on the vehicle body; the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate is located directly below the shelling bin, and the upper end is fixed to the cylindrical sleeve, and the lower end is fixed to the cylinder 1. The inner position of the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate is provided with a plurality of trapezoidal grooves arranged equidistantly along the latitude, and the outer position of the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate is provided with a plurality of hole groups arranged equidistantly along the meridian, and the hole group is composed of a plurality of circular holes equidistantly distributed along the latitude; the cylinder 2 is arranged in the cylinder 1, and the upper end is connected to the trapezoidal grooves and holes on the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate. The first cylinder is fixed at the boundary of the group, and the lower end is fixed to the vehicle body; an inclined annular plate is provided between the first cylinder and the second cylinder, the inner and outer edges of the annular plate are respectively fixed to the second cylinder and the first cylinder, and a discharge port is provided on the first cylinder at the lowest position of the annular plate, and an inclined V-shaped guide groove is provided outside the first cylinder, the inner edge of the V-shaped guide groove is fixed to the outer wall of the first cylinder, and the outlet of the V-shaped guide groove is staggered with the discharge port along the circumferential direction; a shell outlet is provided on the vehicle body at the inner position of the second cylinder. The collection box is placed on the vehicle body and is located at the discharge port.

[0011] Preferably, the mobile vehicle comprises a vehicle body and wheels, the wheels are hinged at the four corners of the vehicle body, and the wheels are driven by hub motors.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a worm, a cylindrical gear 1, a transmission shaft, a cylindrical gear 2, a worm wheel, a bevel gear 1, a bevel gear 2 and an end gear. The worm and the transmission shaft are arranged horizontally and parallel, and both form a rotating pair with the fixed frame. The worm wheel is fixed on the rotating shaft 1 and meshes with the worm groove on the worm. The cylindrical gear 1 is fixed to one end of the worm. The end gear is fixed to the transmission shaft. The cylindrical gear 2 is fixed to the transmission shaft and meshes with both the cylindrical gear 1 and the end gear. The bevel gear 1 is fixed to the other end of the worm. The bevel gear 2 is fixed on the rotating shaft 2 and meshes with the bevel gear 1.

[0013] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided on the outer edge of the cam plate, and an integrally formed ball head is provided on the lower end of the connecting rod.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the conveying frame away from the conveying device is set as a screen plate three, and the screen plate three is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped screen rods three arranged equidistantly along the axial direction, and the screen rods three in the screen plate three are staggered with the screen rods one in the screen plate one.

[0015] Preferably, the housing of the driving motor 1 is fixed to the conveying frame via a fixing plate, and the output shaft of the driving motor 1 is fixed to the conveying shaft.

[0016] Preferably, an inclined guide plate is fixed on the conveying frame at the lower end of the sweeping inlet.

[0017] More preferably, a pressure sensor is provided on the guide plate.

[0018] Preferably, a truncated cone-shaped protective cylinder is fixed to the lower end of the cylindrical sleeve, and the truncated cone-shaped protective cylinder is located inside the second cylinder, and the second driving motor is fixed to the bottom of the truncated cone-shaped protective cylinder.

[0019] The present invention discloses a method for removing thorns from chestnuts by a chestnut removing thorns vehicle, which is specifically as follows:

[0020] The controller controls the moving trolley to move toward the direction where the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells are on the ground, and at the same time, the controller controls the driving motor 1 and the driving motor 2 to start working; the driving motor 1 drives the conveying shaft to rotate, and the conveying shaft drives the rotating shaft 1 and the rotating shaft 2 to rotate through the transmission mechanism; the rotating shaft 1 drives the disc and each rubber strip to rotate, and as the moving trolley moves, the rotating rubber strip sweeps the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells on the ground into the conveying rack through the sweeping inlet, the rotating shaft 2 drives each screen piece 1 to rotate through the cylindrical roller, and a screen piece 1 on the cylindrical roller drives the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells located at the sweeping inlet in the conveying rack. The chestnuts rotate upward, and when the screen piece 1 is in a vertical state, the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells are transported to the screen piece 2. As the cylindrical roller rotates, the cylindrical roller drives the screen piece 1 to rotate downward. At the same time, the cylindrical roller pushes the corresponding connecting rod to move upward through the push section of a cam on the two cam plates, and then drives the screen piece 2 to rotate upward around the central axis of the fixed rod. The sieve rods 1 in the screen piece 1 and the sieve rods 2 in the screen piece 2 move relative to each other. At the same time, the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells on the screen piece 2 roll down to the conveying frame through the input port, and the conveying shaft drives the spiral blades to rotate, and the spiral blades drive the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells. The conveyor shaft moves upward along the central axis of the conveyor shaft to the output port, and chestnuts with or without thorny shells fall into the shelling bin through the output port and the guide tube; when each connecting rod contacts the return section of the corresponding cam, it drives the screen plate 2 to rotate downward to its original position; the driving motor 2 drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate through the spline shaft, thereby driving the shelling roller to rotate, and at the same time, the shift fork slides relative to the spiral groove on the rotating rotating shaft 3, thereby causing the rotating shaft 3 to reciprocate up and down along the spline shaft, driving the shelling roller to reciprocate up and down; when the shelling roller rotates and reciprocates up and down, the chestnuts without thorny shells fall onto the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate through the gap between the shelling roller and the shelling bin, while the chestnuts with thorny shells The prickly shelled chestnuts are gradually conveyed downward in the gap between the shelling roller and the shelling bin. Due to the relative movement between the shelling roller and the shelling bin, the chestnuts with prickly shells are squeezed and rubbed by the shelling roller and the shelling bin, causing the prickly shells to break. The chestnuts with prickly shells that have fallen off fall downward onto the umbrella-shaped screening plate, among which the smaller chestnut prickly shells pass through the trapezoidal grooves and the shell outlet and fall to the ground, the chestnuts without prickly shells roll along the umbrella-shaped screening plate, and fall onto the annular plate through each hole group, and then roll to the discharge port through the annular plate and fall into the collection box, the larger chestnut prickly shells roll along the umbrella-shaped screening plate onto the V-shaped guide groove, and roll to the ground through the V-shaped guide groove.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The present invention realizes the picking and conveying of chestnuts with or without thorny shells by means of a picking device, a conveying device and a conveying device, replacing manual picking and conveying, and realizes the separation of chestnuts from chestnut thorny shells by means of a shelling device, and realizes the separation of chestnuts from chestnut thorny shells by means of a separating device. Specifically, in the present invention, the transmission mechanism drives the first and second rotating shafts to rotate, the first rotating shaft drives the disc and the rubber strips to rotate, and the chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells are swept into the sweeping inlet, thereby realizing the picking of chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells, and at the same time, the second rotating shaft drives the first screen and the cam plates to rotate through the cylindrical roller, and each screen plate drives the chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells to be transported to the second screen plate, and each cam plate pushes the second screen plate to rotate upward through the corresponding connecting rod, so that the chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells roll into the conveying rack, and the conveying shaft drives the chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells to move upward through the spiral blades, and the chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells fall into the shelling bin through the guide tube, thereby realizing The transportation of chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells replaces manual picking and transportation, reduces labor intensity and improves work efficiency; in the present invention, the driving motor 2 drives the shelling roller to rotate through the outer sleeve, the spline shaft and the rotating shaft 3, and the rotating shaft 3 drives the shelling roller to move up and down reciprocatingly through the fork and the spiral groove on the rotating shaft 3, and the relative movement of the shelling roller and the shelling bin squeezes and rubs the chestnuts with thorny shells, so that the chestnut thorny shells are broken, and the chestnuts are separated from the chestnut thorny shells, thereby realizing the function of chestnut thorny shell removal; after the thorny shell removal is completed, the chestnut thorny shells and the chestnuts without thorny shells fall onto the umbrella-shaped screening plate, and the chestnuts with thorny shells and the chestnuts without thorny shells are separated by the trapezoidal grooves and hole groups on the umbrella-shaped screening plate.

[0023] 2. In the present invention, the driving motor 1 drives the conveying shaft to rotate, and the conveying shaft drives the rotating shaft 1 and the rotating shaft 2 to rotate through the transmission mechanism. The picking device, the transporting device and the conveying device use a single power source, which reduces energy consumption.

[0024] 3. The present invention can be transferred to various places by a mobile trolley, is easy to move, and has a simple structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A top view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the pickup device, the fixing frame and the transmission mechanism in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the pickup device, the fixing frame and the transmission mechanism in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveying device in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The structural diagram of part A in the figure;

[0031] Figure 7 The internal structure of the conveying device in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The structural diagram of part B;

[0033] Fig. 9 The internal structure of the conveying device in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the conveying device in the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shelling device in the present invention;

[0036] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shelling roller, the rotating shaft and the shift fork in the present invention;

[0037] Fig.13 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of part C;

[0038] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shift fork, the second drive motor, the spline shaft and the outer sleeve in the present invention;

[0039] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separation device and the shelling device in the present invention;

[0040] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separation device, the shelling device and the vehicle body in the present invention;

[0041] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separation device in the present invention;

[0042] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separation device, the collection box and the vehicle body in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a chestnut thorn-removing shelling vehicle of the present invention comprises a picking device 1, a fixing frame 2, a transmission mechanism, a conveying device 3, a conveying device 4, a shelling device 6, a separating device 7, a collecting box 8 and a mobile vehicle.

[0045] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the picking device 1 includes a rotating shaft 21, a disc and a baffle 22. The vertically arranged rotating shaft 21 forms a rotating pair with the fixed frame 2 and is driven by a transmission mechanism arranged in the fixed frame 2; a horizontally arranged disc is fixed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 21 outside the fixed frame 2, and a plurality of rubber strips 17 arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction are fixed on the arc surface of the disc; the baffle 22 is vertically fixed to the bottom end of the fixed frame 2, and is used to assist the rubber strips 17 in sweeping the chestnuts into the sweeping inlet of the conveying device 3.

[0046] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the conveying device 3 includes a conveying frame 23, a second rotating shaft 26, a cylindrical roller 28, a ring 29, a connecting rod 30, a cam plate 31, a first screen piece, a second screen piece 32 and a fixing rod. The conveying frame 23 is fixed to the front end of the body 9 of the mobile trolley, the fixed frame 2 is fixed to the front end of the conveying frame 23, and a sweeping inlet is opened at a position below the fixed frame 2 on the conveying frame 23, and the sweeping inlet is located between the rotating shaft 21 and the baffle 22; the horizontally arranged rotating shaft 26 and the conveying frame 23 form a rotating pair and are driven by a transmission mechanism; a cylindrical roller 28 is fixed to the rotating shaft 26 at a position inside the conveying frame 23; a plurality of sieve plates 1 arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction are fixed to the arc surface of the cylindrical roller 28, and the sieve plates 1 are composed of a plurality of sieve rods 1 arranged equidistantly along the axial direction; cam plates 31 are fixed to both ends of the cylindrical roller 28, and the cam plates 31 are composed of a plurality of cams formed in one piece and arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction; rings 29 are fixed to the two inner side walls of the conveying frame 23 at the positions at both ends of the cylindrical roller 28, And each circular ring 29 is located outside the cam plate on the same side; there are two connecting rods 30 arranged vertically, each connecting rod 30 and a circular hole one opened on the circular ring 29 form a sliding pair, and the lower end of each connecting rod 30 and a cam plate 31 form a cam pair; the central axis of the fixed rod is parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical tube, and a screen plate 2 32 is fixed on the fixed rod. The screen plate 2 32 is composed of a plurality of screen rods 2 arranged equidistantly along the axial direction, and the ends of the two screen rods 2 located on the outside of the screen plate 2 32 away from the fixed rod are hinged to the upper ends of the two connecting rods 30; wherein, each screen rod 1 in the screen plate 1 is staggered with each screen rod 2 in the screen plate 2 32 to prevent the screen plate 2 32 from interfering with each screen plate 1, the number of cams on the cam plate 31 is equal to the number of screen plates 1, and each screen plate 1 is located in the middle position of two cams adjacent to each other circumferentially on the cam plate.

[0047] like Fig.10As shown, the conveying device 4 includes a conveying frame 33, a conveying shaft 24 and a spiral blade 37. The spiral blade 37 is fixed to the inclined conveying shaft 24; the conveying shaft 24 and the conveying frame 33 form a rotation pair, are connected to the transmission mechanism, and are driven by a driving motor 5; the conveying frame 33 is fixed to the transport frame 23, the vehicle body 9 and the fixed frame 2, and an input port is opened at a position near the lower end of the conveying shaft 24 on the conveying frame 33, a fixed rod and a position at the lower end of the input port on the conveying frame 33 form a rotation pair, and an output port is opened at a position near the upper end of the conveying shaft 24 at the bottom of the conveying frame 33, and a guide tube is fixed at the output port.

[0048] like Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the shelling device 6 includes a shelling bin 39, a cylindrical sleeve, a shelling roller 40, a rotating shaft 3 41, a shift fork 42, a driving motor 2 43, a spline shaft 44 and an outer sleeve. The upper end of the shelling bin 39 is fixedly connected to the conduit, and an opening is opened at the lower end; the vertically arranged cylindrical sleeve is arranged at the center of the opening, and is fixed to the lower end of the shelling bin 39 through a plurality of connecting rods arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction; the shelling roller 40 is placed in the shelling bin 39 and fixed to the rotating shaft 3 41; the upper end of the rotating shaft 3 41 forms a cylindrical pair with the cylindrical sleeve, and the lower end forms a sliding pair with the spline shaft 44 placed in the outer sleeve through the spline groove opened, and the spline shaft 44 is driven by the driving motor 2 43; the outer sleeve is fixed to the housing of the driving motor 2 43; the shift fork 42 is horizontally fixed in the outer sleeve, and forms a spiral pair with the bidirectional spiral groove (formed by the cross arrangement of two spiral grooves with opposite rotation directions) opened on the arc surface of the rotating shaft 3 41.

[0049] like Fig.15 , Fig.16 and Fig.17 As shown, the separation device 7 includes an umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate, a cylinder 1 and a cylinder 2. The umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate is located directly below the shelling bin 39, and the upper end is fixed to the cylindrical sleeve, the lower end is fixed to the cylinder 1, and the cylinder 1 is fixed to the vehicle body 9; a plurality of trapezoidal grooves arranged equidistantly along the latitude are provided at the inner position of the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate, and a plurality of hole groups arranged equidistantly along the meridian are provided at the outer position of the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate, and the hole group is composed of a plurality of circular holes 2 evenly distributed along the latitude; the cylinder 2 is arranged in the cylinder 1, and the upper end is fixed to the separation of the trapezoidal grooves and the hole group on the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate. The first cylinder is fixed at the boundary, and the lower end is fixed to the vehicle body 9; an inclined annular plate is provided between the first cylinder and the second cylinder, and the inner and outer edges of the annular plate are respectively fixed to the second cylinder and the first cylinder, and a discharge port is provided on the first cylinder at the lowest position of the annular plate, and an inclined V-shaped guide groove is provided outside the first cylinder, and the inner edge of the V-shaped guide groove is fixed to the outer wall of the first cylinder, and the outlet of the V-shaped guide groove is staggered with the discharge port along the circumferential direction; a shell outlet is provided on the vehicle body at the inner position of the second cylinder. Fig.18As shown, the collecting box 8 is placed on the vehicle body 9 and is located at the discharge port, and is used to collect chestnuts that have been dehulled.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, the mobile vehicle includes a vehicle body 9 and wheels 10. The wheels 10 are hinged at the four corners of the vehicle body, and the wheels 10 are driven by hub motors.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the transmission mechanism includes a worm 11, a cylindrical gear 12, a transmission shaft 13, a cylindrical gear 2 15, a worm wheel 20, a bevel gear 1 25, a bevel gear 27 and an end gear 36. The worm and the transmission shaft 13 are arranged horizontally and parallel, and both form a rotating pair with the fixed frame 2. The worm wheel 20 is fixed on the rotating shaft 1 21 and meshes with the worm groove 19 on the worm 11. The cylindrical gear 12 is fixed to one end of the worm 11. The end gear 36 is fixed to the transmission shaft 24. The cylindrical gear 2 15 is fixed to the transmission shaft 13 and meshes with the cylindrical gear 12 and the end gear 36. The bevel gear 1 25 is fixed to the other end of the worm 11. The bevel gear 27 is fixed on the rotating shaft 26 and meshes with the bevel gear 1 25.

[0052] More preferably, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the fixed frame 2 includes a front plate, a bottom plate 14, a partition plate 16, a side plate 18, a top plate 34 and a side plate 2 35. The top plate 34 and the bottom plate 14 are spaced apart from each other and are arranged horizontally. The rear parts of the top plate 34 and the bottom plate 14 are fixed to the conveying rack 23, and the front parts are fixed to the vertically arranged front plate. One end of the top plate 34 and the bottom plate 14 are fixed to the side plate 18, and the other end is fixed to the side plate 2 35. The two ends of the front plate are respectively fixed to the front parts of the side plate 18 and the side plate 2 35, and the rear parts of the side plate 18 and the side plate 2 35 are respectively fixed to the conveying rack 23 and the conveying rack 33; the rotating shaft 1 21 and the bottom plate 14 form a rotating pair, the worm 11 and the side plate 2 35 form a rotating pair, the two ends of the transmission shaft 13 form a rotating pair with the side plate 2 35 and the partition plate 16, and the partition plate 16 is fixed to the conveying rack 23; the sweeping inlet is located below the bottom plate 14.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, a slide groove is provided on the outer edge of the cam plate 31, and an integrally formed ball head is provided at the lower end of the connecting rod 30 to reduce friction with the slide groove.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, one end of the conveying frame 33 away from the conveying device 3 is set as a screen plate three, and the screen plate three is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped screen rods three arranged equidistantly along the axial direction, and each screen rod three in the screen plate three is staggered with each screen rod one in the screen plate one to prevent the screen plate three from interfering with each screen plate one.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the housing of the driving motor 5 is fixed to the conveying frame 33 via a fixing plate 38 , and the output shaft of the driving motor 5 is fixed to the conveying shaft 24 .

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, an inclined guide plate is fixed on the conveying frame 23 at the lower end of the sweeping inlet.

[0057] More preferably, a pressure sensor is provided on the guide plate, which is used to detect the weight of chestnuts with thorny shells or a small part of chestnuts without thorny shells (the thorny shells fall off naturally or due to external force) on the guide plate, and the controller controls the speed of the drive motor 5 according to the detected weight.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, a truncated cone-shaped protective cylinder is fixed at the lower end of the cylindrical sleeve, and the truncated cone-shaped protective cylinder is located inside cylinder two, and is used to protect rotating shaft three 41, shift fork 42, drive motor two 43, spline shaft 44 and outer sleeve, and prevent tiny chestnut thorn shells from entering the outer sleeve; drive motor two is fixed to the bottom of the truncated cone-shaped protective cylinder.

[0059] The driving motor 1 5 , the driving motor 2 43 and each hub motor are all controlled by a controller, and the signal output end of the pressure sensor is connected to the controller.

[0060] The present invention discloses a method for removing thorns from chestnuts by a chestnut removing thorns vehicle, which is specifically as follows:

[0061] The controller controls the moving trolley to move in the direction where there are chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells on the ground, and at the same time, the controller controls the driving motor 1 5 and the driving motor 2 43 to start working. The driving motor 1 5 drives the conveying shaft 24 to rotate, and the conveying shaft 24 drives the rotating shaft 1 21 and the rotating shaft 2 26 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 2; the rotating shaft 1 21 drives the disc and each rubber strip to rotate, and as the moving trolley moves, the rotating rubber strips sweep the chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells on the ground through the sweeping inlet into the conveying rack, and the rotating shaft 2 26 drives each screen piece 1 to rotate through the cylindrical roller 28, and a screen piece 1 on the cylindrical roller 28 drives the chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells located at the sweeping inlet in the conveying rack to rotate upward, and when the screen piece 1 is vertical, the chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells located at the sweeping inlet in the conveying rack are swept upward. In the straight state, chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells are transported to the second screen 32. As the cylindrical roller 28 rotates, the cylindrical roller 28 drives the first screen to rotate downward. At the same time, the cylindrical roller 28 pushes the corresponding connecting rod 30 upward through the push section of a cam on the two cam plates 31, thereby driving the second screen 32 to rotate upward around the central axis of the fixed rod. Each screen rod 1 in the first screen moves relative to each screen rod 2 in the second screen 32. At the same time, the chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells on the second screen 32 roll down to the conveying rack 33 through the input port. The conveying shaft 24 drives the spiral blade 37 to rotate, and the spiral blade 37 drives the chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells to move upward along the central axis of the conveying shaft 24 to the output port. The chestnuts with thorny shells or chestnuts without thorny shells fall into the shelling bin 39 through the output port and the guide tube. When each connecting rod 30 contacts the return section of the corresponding cam, it drives the second screen to rotate downward to the original position. The driving motor 2 43 drives the rotating shaft 3 41 to rotate through the spline shaft 44, thereby driving the shelling roller 40 to rotate. At the same time, the fork 42 slides relative to the bidirectional spiral groove on the rotating rotating shaft 3 41, thereby causing the rotating shaft 3 41 to reciprocate up and down along the spline shaft 44, driving the shelling roller 40 to reciprocate up and down. When the shelling roller 40 rotates and reciprocates up and down, chestnuts without thorny shells fall onto the umbrella-shaped screening plate through the gap between the shelling roller and the shelling bin, while chestnuts with thorny shells are gradually transported downward in the gap between the shelling roller 40 and the shelling bin 39. Due to the relative movement between the shelling roller 40 and the shelling bin 39, the chestnuts with thorny shells are squeezed and rubbed by the shelling roller 40 and the shelling bin 39, causing the thorny shells to break, and the chestnuts with thorny shells that have fallen off fall downward onto the umbrella-shaped screening plate with the thorny shells, among which the smaller chestnut thorny shells pass through the trapezoidal grooves and the shell outlet and fall to the ground, the chestnuts without thorny shells roll along the umbrella-shaped screening plate and fall onto the annular plate through each hole group, and then roll to the discharge port through the annular plate and fall into the collection box, and the larger chestnut thorny shells roll along the umbrella-shaped screening plate to the V-shaped guide groove and roll to the ground through the V-shaped guide groove.

Claims

1. A chestnut shelling vehicle, comprising a fixed frame, a transmission mechanism, a conveying device, a delivery device, a shelling device and a collection box, characterized in that: It also includes a picking device, a separating device and a moving trolley; the picking device includes a rotating shaft 1, a disc and a baffle; the vertically arranged rotating shaft 1 and the fixed frame form a rotating pair and are driven by a transmission mechanism arranged in the fixed frame; a horizontally arranged disc is fixed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 1 outside the fixed frame, and a plurality of rubber strips arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction are fixed on the arc surface of the disc; the baffle is vertically fixed to the bottom end of the fixed frame; The conveying device comprises a conveying frame, a rotating shaft 2, a cylindrical roller, a circular ring, a connecting rod, a cam plate, a screen piece 1, a screen piece 2 and a fixed rod; the conveying frame is fixed to the front end of the body of the mobile trolley, the fixed frame is fixed to the front end of the conveying frame, and a sweeping inlet is provided at a position below the fixed frame at the front end of the conveying frame, and the sweeping inlet is located between the rotating shaft 1 and the baffle; the horizontally arranged rotating shaft 2 forms a rotating pair with the conveying frame and is driven by a transmission mechanism; a cylindrical roller is fixed at a position on the rotating shaft 2 located inside the conveying frame; a plurality of screen pieces 1 arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction are fixed on the circular arc surface of the cylindrical roller, and the screen piece 1 is composed of a plurality of screen rods 1 arranged equidistantly along the axial direction; cam plates are fixed to both ends of the cylindrical roller, and the cam plates are composed of a plurality of cams that are integrally formed and equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction; the conveying Circular rings are fixed on the two inner side walls of the frame at the positions at both ends of the cylindrical roller, and each circular ring is located outside the cam plate on the same side; the connecting rods are provided with two vertically arranged ones, each connecting rod and a circular hole one opened on the circular ring form a sliding pair, and the lower end of each connecting rod and a cam plate form a cam pair; the central axis of the fixed rod is parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical roller, and a screen plate two is fixed on the fixed rod, and the screen plate two is composed of a plurality of screen rods two arranged equidistantly along the axial direction, and the ends of the two screen rods two located on the outside of the screen plate two, which are away from the fixed rod, are hinged to the upper ends of the two connecting rods; wherein, each screen rod one in the screen plate one is staggered with each screen rod two in the screen plate two, the number of cams on the cam plate is equal to the number of screen plate one, and each screen plate one is located in the middle of two cams adjacent to each other circumferentially on the cam plate; The conveying device comprises a conveying frame, a conveying shaft and a spiral blade; the spiral blade is fixed on the inclined conveying shaft; the conveying shaft and the conveying frame form a rotating pair, are connected to the transmission mechanism, and are driven by a driving motor; the conveying frame is fixed to the transport frame, the vehicle body and the fixed frame, and an input port is provided at a position near the lower end of the conveying shaft on the conveying frame, a fixed rod and a position at the lower end of the input port on the conveying frame form a rotating pair, an output port is provided at a position near the upper end of the conveying shaft at the bottom of the conveying frame, and a guide tube is fixed at the output port; The shelling device comprises a shelling bin, a cylindrical sleeve, a shelling roller, a rotating shaft three, a shift fork, a driving motor two, a spline shaft and an outer sleeve; the upper end of the shelling bin is fixedly connected to the conduit, and an opening is opened at the lower end; the vertically arranged cylindrical sleeve is arranged at the center of the opening, and is fixed to the lower end of the shelling bin through a plurality of connecting rods arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction; the shelling roller is placed in the shelling bin and fixed to the rotating shaft three; the upper end of the rotating shaft three forms a cylindrical pair with the cylindrical sleeve, and the lower end forms a sliding pair with the spline shaft placed in the outer sleeve through the spline groove provided, and the spline shaft is driven by the driving motor two; the outer sleeve is fixed to the housing of the driving motor two; the shift fork is horizontally fixed in the outer sleeve, and forms a spiral pair with the bidirectional spiral groove provided on the arc surface of the rotating shaft three; The separation device comprises an umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate, a cylinder 1 and a cylinder 2; the cylinder 1 is vertically fixed on the vehicle body; the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate is located directly below the shelling bin, and the upper end is fixed to the cylindrical sleeve, and the lower end is fixed to the cylinder 1; a plurality of trapezoidal grooves arranged equidistantly along the latitude are provided at the inner position of the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate, and a plurality of hole groups arranged equidistantly along the meridian are provided at the outer position of the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate, and the hole group is composed of a plurality of circular holes 2 evenly distributed along the latitude; the cylinder 2 is arranged in the cylinder 1, and the upper end is fixed to the trapezoidal grooves on the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate; The boundary between the groove and the hole group is fixed, and the lower end is fixed to the vehicle body; an inclined annular plate is provided between cylinder one and cylinder two, the inner and outer edges of the annular plate are fixed to cylinder two and cylinder one respectively, and a discharge port is provided on cylinder one at the lowest position of the annular plate, an inclined V-shaped guide groove is provided outside cylinder one, the inner edge of the V-shaped guide groove is fixed to the outer wall of cylinder one, and the outlet of the V-shaped guide groove is staggered with the discharge port along the circumferential direction; a shell discharge port is provided on the vehicle body at an inner position of cylinder two; a collecting box is placed on the vehicle body and is located at the discharge port.

2. A chestnut thorn-removing shelling vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile vehicle comprises a vehicle body and wheels. The wheels are hinged at the four corners of the vehicle body and driven by wheel hub motors.

3. A chestnut thorn-removing shelling vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a worm, a cylindrical gear 1, a transmission shaft, a cylindrical gear 2, a worm wheel, a bevel gear 1, a bevel gear 2 and an end gear. The worm and the transmission shaft are arranged horizontally and parallel, and both form a rotating pair with a fixed frame. The worm wheel is fixed on the rotating shaft 1 and meshes with the worm groove on the worm. The cylindrical gear 1 is fixed to one end of the worm. The end gear is fixed to the transmission shaft. The cylindrical gear 2 is fixed to the transmission shaft and meshes with both the cylindrical gear 1 and the end gear. The bevel gear 1 is fixed to the other end of the worm. The bevel gear 2 is fixed on the rotating shaft 2 and meshes with the bevel gear 1.

4. A chestnut thorn-removing shelling vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding groove is provided on the outer edge of the cam plate, and an integrally formed ball head is provided on the lower end of the connecting rod.

5. The chestnut thorn-removing shelling vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying frame is provided with a sieve plate three at one end away from the conveying device. The sieve plate three is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped sieve rods three arranged equidistantly along the axial direction, and the sieve rods three in the sieve plate three are staggered with the sieve rods one in the sieve plate one.

6. The chestnut thorn-removing shelling vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing of the driving motor 1 is fixed to the conveying frame through a fixing plate, and the output shaft of the driving motor 1 is fixed to the conveying shaft.

7. The chestnut thorn-removing shelling vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined guide plate is fixed on the conveying frame at the lower end of the sweeping inlet.

8. The chestnut thorn-removing shelling vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is arranged on the guide plate.

9. The chestnut thorn-removing shelling vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A truncated cone-shaped protective cylinder is fixed at the lower end of the cylindrical sleeve, and the truncated cone-shaped protective cylinder is located inside the second cylinder, and the second driving motor is fixed at the bottom of the truncated cone-shaped protective cylinder.

10. A method for removing thorns from chestnuts by a chestnut removing thorns vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The details are as follows: The controller controls the moving trolley to move toward the direction where the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells are on the ground, and at the same time, the controller controls the driving motor 1 and the driving motor 2 to start working; the driving motor 1 drives the conveying shaft to rotate, and the conveying shaft drives the rotating shaft 1 and the rotating shaft 2 to rotate through the transmission mechanism; the rotating shaft 1 drives the disc and each rubber strip to rotate, and as the moving trolley moves, the rotating rubber strip sweeps the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells on the ground into the conveying rack through the sweeping inlet, the rotating shaft 2 drives each screen piece 1 to rotate through the cylindrical roller, and a screen piece 1 on the cylindrical roller drives the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells located at the sweeping inlet in the conveying rack. The chestnuts rotate upward, and when the screen piece 1 is in a vertical state, the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells are transported to the screen piece 2. As the cylindrical roller rotates, the cylindrical roller drives the screen piece 1 to rotate downward. At the same time, the cylindrical roller pushes the corresponding connecting rod to move upward through the push section of a cam on the two cam plates, and then drives the screen piece 2 to rotate upward around the central axis of the fixed rod. The sieve rods 1 in the screen piece 1 and the sieve rods 2 in the screen piece 2 move relative to each other. At the same time, the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells on the screen piece 2 roll down to the conveying frame through the input port, and the conveying shaft drives the spiral blades to rotate, and the spiral blades drive the chestnuts with thorny shells or the chestnuts without thorny shells. The conveyor shaft moves upward along the central axis of the conveyor shaft to the output port, and chestnuts with or without thorny shells fall into the shelling bin through the output port and the guide tube; when each connecting rod contacts the return section of the corresponding cam, it drives the screen plate 2 to rotate downward to its original position; the driving motor 2 drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate through the spline shaft, thereby driving the shelling roller to rotate, and at the same time, the shift fork slides relative to the spiral groove on the rotating rotating shaft 3, thereby causing the rotating shaft 3 to reciprocate up and down along the spline shaft, driving the shelling roller to reciprocate up and down; when the shelling roller rotates and reciprocates up and down, the chestnuts without thorny shells fall onto the umbrella-shaped sub-screen plate through the gap between the shelling roller and the shelling bin, while the chestnuts with thorny shells The prickly shelled chestnuts are gradually conveyed downward in the gap between the shelling roller and the shelling bin. Due to the relative movement between the shelling roller and the shelling bin, the chestnuts with prickly shells are squeezed and rubbed by the shelling roller and the shelling bin, causing the prickly shells to break. The chestnuts with prickly shells that have fallen off fall downward onto the umbrella-shaped screening plate, among which the smaller chestnut prickly shells pass through the trapezoidal grooves and the shell outlet and fall to the ground, the chestnuts without prickly shells roll along the umbrella-shaped screening plate, and fall onto the annular plate through each hole group, and then roll to the discharge port through the annular plate and fall into the collection box, the larger chestnut prickly shells roll along the umbrella-shaped screening plate onto the V-shaped guide groove, and roll to the ground through the V-shaped guide groove.

Images