A hydrological monitor

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of hydrological monitors, the hydrological monitor includes outer pontoon structure, inner pontoon structure and damping plate, outer pontoon structure includes outer pontoon column body, polytetrafluoroethylene film, foam ball, inner pontoon structure includes inner pontoon column body, interdigital electrode assembly, baffle;Polytetrafluoroethylene film is fixed in outer pontoon column body inner surface, foam ball is connected with outer pontoon column body, interdigital electrode assembly is fixed to the outer surface of inner pontoon column body, damping plate is installed to the bottom surface of inner pontoon column body, the baffle is arranged in the outer bottom top surface of inner pontoon column body, wave fluctuation makes outer pontoon structure float up and down, polytetrafluoroethylene film and interdigital electrode contact friction generate electric charge, electric signal is stored in energy storage element and is transmitted to monitoring center by wireless mode.This hydrological monitor can be distributed arrangement layout on horizontal plane, utilizes frequency domain parameter to monitor hydrological information in real time, has wide application prospect in the field of hydrological monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrological monitoring, and in particular to a hydrological monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] Water resources are essential for the survival of living organisms. With the progress of society and science, many water conservancy projects have emerged, such as hydroelectric power generation and reservoirs. However, due to changes in topography, riverbeds, groundwater, and climate, floods frequently occur, causing significant economic losses. Floods have consistently been one of the most economically damaging natural disasters. River hydrological information remains a social and scientific issue because it relates to everyone's safety and the national economy. While floods cannot be controlled by humans, with advancements in society and technology, we can predict floods by monitoring changes in water levels and wave speeds, thereby minimizing losses.

[0003] Currently, the most commonly used monitoring equipment is water level gauges, including water level gauges, radar level gauges, ultrasonic level gauges, and satellite water level measurements. These monitoring technologies require significant financial and material investment to build hydrological stations, and their application is not effective in remote mountainous areas or economically underdeveloped regions. Some monitoring technologies use time-domain monitoring, and the monitoring results are affected by the environment and cannot be dynamically monitored, which is not conducive to monitoring sudden floods. The aforementioned monitoring equipment has not yet achieved distributed sensing monitoring, and the data it can provide is relatively limited. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydrological monitor to solve the technical problems of existing technologies, such as high cost of monitoring river hydrological information, regional limitations, susceptibility to environmental influences during the monitoring process, inability to monitor and provide hydrological information in real time, and relatively limited monitoring data.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a hydrological monitor comprising three parts: an inner float structure (1), an outer float structure (2), and a damping plate (3). The inner float structure is nested within the outer float structure, and the outer float structure and the inner float structure are movable relative to each other. The outer float structure (2) includes an outer float column (2-1), a polytetrafluoroethylene film (2-2), and a foam ball (2-3). The inner float structure (1) includes an inner float column (1-1), an interdigitated electrode assembly (1-b), and a baffle (1-d). The polytetrafluoroethylene film (2-2) is fixed by adhesive. A through hole is made on the inner surface (2-a) of the outer float cylinder, and the foam ball (2-3) is glued to the outer float cylinder (2-1). The damping plate (3) is glued to the bottom surface (1-e) of the inner float cylinder. The diameter of the end face of the damping plate is larger than the diameter of the outer surface of the inner float cylinder. A baffle (1-d) is set on the top surface (1-c) of the inner float cylinder. The interdigital electrode assembly is glued to the outer surface (1-a) of the inner float cylinder. The interdigital electrode assembly (1-b) is connected to the energy storage element (4) by a wire. The energy storage element (4) is wirelessly connected to the monitoring center (5).

[0006] Furthermore, the interdigital electrode assembly includes a left half-interdigital electrode (1-2) and a right half-interdigital electrode (1-3).

[0007] Furthermore, the outer float structure (2) floats up and down under the push of the waves, and the outer float structure (2) and the inner float structure (1) move relative to each other. The polytetrafluoroethylene film (2-2) generates charge by contacting and rubbing with the interdigital electrodes. When the outer float structure (2) passes through a pair of electrodes of the interdigital electrode assembly, it will generate a pulse wave. The two interdigital electrodes of the interdigital electrode assembly are electrostatically induced and coupled to output a regular pulse signal. The number of pulses is recorded as a frequency domain parameter. The electrical signal is stored in the energy storage element (4) and transmitted to the monitoring center (5) wirelessly. In one sampling period, the number of output pulses multiplied by the distance between the interdigital electrode pairs is the height of the wave. The ratio of the height of the wave to the time is equal to the wave speed.

[0008] In this invention, the polytetrafluoroethylene film and the interdigitated electrode assembly generate charge through mutual contact and friction. The outer float structure (2) generates pulse waves when passing through a pair of electrodes of the interdigitated electrode assembly. The two interdigitated electrodes of the interdigitated electrode assembly undergo electrostatic induction and couple to output regular pulse signals. The number of pulses is recorded as a frequency domain parameter. The evaluation of the frequency domain parameter can realize real-time monitoring of river hydrological information, which is more stable and reliable than time domain parameter monitoring. The hydrological detectors are distributed on the water surface and can obtain a large amount of monitoring data. In one sampling period, the number of output electrical signal peaks multiplied by the distance between the interdigitated electrode pairs is the wave height. The ratio of wave height to time is equal to the wave speed. The hydrological monitor involved in this invention can monitor the height and speed of waves. It is not affected by the environment and does not require the construction of hydrological stations, which reduces a lot of financial and material resources. It is easy to implement hydrological information monitoring in remote mountainous areas or economically underdeveloped areas. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic plan view of the overall structure of the hydrological monitoring device of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the hydrological monitoring device of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer float structure of the hydrological monitor of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inner float structure of the hydrological monitor of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 5 This is a planar schematic diagram of the interdigitated electrode assembly of the hydrological monitor of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 6 The diagram shows the current waveform of the alternating current output by the hydrological monitor in this embodiment of the invention.

[0015] The components include: 1. Inner buoy structure; 2. Outer buoy structure; 3. Damping plate; 2-1. Outer buoy column; 2-2. Polytetrafluoroethylene film; 2-3. Foam ball; 1-1. Inner buoy column; 1-b. Interdigitated electrode assembly; 1-d. Baffle; 1-e. Bottom surface of inner buoy column; 1-a. Outer surface of inner buoy column; 1-c. Top surface of inner buoy column; 2-b. Through hole; 1-2. Left half electrode of interdigitated electrode; 1-3. Right half electrode of interdigitated electrode; 4. Energy storage element; 5. Monitoring center. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The hydrological monitor of this embodiment includes an inner float structure (1), an outer float structure (2), and a damping plate (3); the outer float structure (2) is fitted onto the inner float structure (1), and the outer float structure (2) and the inner float structure (1) are movable relative to each other. The outer float structure (2) includes an outer float column (2-1), a polytetrafluoroethylene film (2-2), and foam balls (2-3). The inner float structure (1) includes an inner float column (1-1), an interdigitated electrode assembly (1-b), and a damping plate (3). Plate (1-d), bottom surface (1-e) of inner float cylinder and damping plate (3) are connected to each other by adhesive. Interdigitated electrode assembly (1-b) is glued to outer surface (1-a) of inner float cylinder. Top surface (1-c) of inner float cylinder is connected to baffle (1-d) by adhesive. Baffle (1-d) can prevent outer float structure (2) from separating from inner float structure (1). Top surface of outer float cylinder (2-1) is glued to foam ball (2-3) to form a whole. A through hole (2-b) is provided inside the sphere (2-3). The polytetrafluoroethylene film (2-2) is glued to the inner surface (2-a) of the outer float cylinder. The interdigitated electrode assembly (1-b) and the polytetrafluoroethylene film (2-2) on the inner surface (2-a) of the outer float cylinder form a power generation unit. The conductive material of the interdigitated electrode assembly (1-b) can be made of copper or aluminum, which are positively charged and conductive metals. The interdigitated electrode assembly (1-b) includes the left half electrode (1-2) and the right half electrode (1-3). The left half electrode (1-2) and the right half electrode (1-3) are arranged at equal intervals. The distance between a pair of electrodes is h. The left half electrode (1-2) and the right half electrode (1-3) are connected to the energy storage element (4) by wires. The energy storage element (4) is wirelessly connected to the monitoring center (5). The hydrological monitors can be distributed on the horizontal plane.

[0017] The undulation of the waves propels the foam ball (2-3) up and down, causing relative movement between the outer float structure (2) and the inner float structure. The polytetrafluoroethylene film (2-2) on the inner surface of the outer float cylinder and the interdigitated electrode assembly (1-b) on the inner float cylinder surface come into contact and rub against each other, generating an electric charge. When the outer float structure (2) passes a pair of electrodes, it generates a pulse wave, and the number of pulses (Nn) is recorded. The left half electrode (1-2) and the right half electrode (1-3) of the interdigitated electrode transmit the generated AC signal to the monitoring center (5) through the energy storage element (4). Within one sampling period, the product of the number of pulses (Nn) and the distance (h) between a pair of electrodes is the wave height (distance of the pulse), and the wave speed is the ratio of the wave height (distance of the pulse) to the time (t).

[0018] The hydrological monitor of the present invention can realize real-time monitoring of hydrological information. It adopts a distributed arrangement on the water surface, which can obtain a large amount of monitoring data. The monitoring data is stable and reliable, unaffected by the environment, and does not require the construction of hydrological stations. It can be widely used in the field of hydrological monitoring.

Claims

1. A hydrological monitor, characterized by The application relates to a wave height measuring device, which comprises an inner float structure (1), an outer float structure (2) and a damping plate (3), the inner float structure is nested in the outer float structure, the outer float structure and the inner float structure can relatively move, the outer float structure (2) comprises an outer float column (2-1), a polytetrafluoroethylene film (2-2) and a foam ball (2-3), the inner float structure (1) comprises an inner float column (1-1), a interdigital electrode assembly (1-b) and a baffle (1-d), the polytetrafluoroethylene film (2-2) is fixed on the inner surface (2-a) of the outer float column by adhesion, a through hole is formed in the foam ball, the foam ball (2-3) is adhered to the outer float column (2-1), the damping plate (3) is adhered to the outer bottom surface (1-e) of the inner float column, the end surface diameter of the damping plate is larger than the outer surface diameter of the inner float column, the baffle (1-d) is arranged on the outer top surface (1-c) of the inner float column, the interdigital electrode assembly is fixed on the outer surface (1-a) of the inner float column by adhesion, the interdigital electrode assembly (1-b) is connected with an energy storage element (4) through a wire, and the energy storage element (4) is wirelessly connected with a monitoring center (5). During work, the outer float structure (2) is floated up and down under the pushing of waves, the outer float structure (2) and the inner float structure (1) relatively move, the polytetrafluoroethylene film (2-2) is contacted and rubbed with the interdigital electrode to generate electric charges, the outer float structure (2) passes through a pair of electrodes of the interdigital electrode assembly to generate a pulse wave, electrostatic induction is generated between the two interdigital electrodes of the interdigital electrode assembly, a regular pulse signal is coupled and output, the pulse number is recorded as a frequency domain parameter, the electric signal is stored in the energy storage element (4) and is transmitted to the monitoring center (5) in a wireless mode, in a sampling period, the output pulse number is multiplied by the distance of the interdigital electrode pair to be the height of the wave, and the ratio of the height of the wave to time is equal to the wave velocity.

2. The hydrological monitor of claim 1, wherein The interdigital electrode assembly comprises an interdigital electrode left half electrode (1-2) and an interdigital electrode right half electrode (1-3).

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