Aqueous organic-hydrogen proton battery

Abstract

This disclosure provides an aqueous organic-hydrogen gas electronic battery, including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte, and a separator for separating the positive and negative electrodes; wherein the positive electrode includes a first current collector and a positive electrode active material layer loaded on the first current collector, the positive electrode active material layer containing a quinone compound; the negative electrode includes a second current collector and a catalyst loaded on the second current collector, the catalyst including a first catalyst, a second catalyst, a third catalyst, and a carbon material catalyst; the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of a protic acid; the aqueous organic-hydrogen gas electronic battery also includes a sealed casing for sealing the battery and hydrogen gas filling the battery interior.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of electrochemical energy technology, and in particular relates to an aqueous organic-hydrogen electrochemical battery. Background Technology

[0002] Aqueous proton batteries, due to the unique advantages of hydrogen ions—small radius and light weight—have become one of the most promising battery technologies for large-scale energy storage. Organic compounds, composed of non-metallic elements such as C, H, and O, possess high resource sustainability, biodegradability, structural adjustability, and acid resistance, making organic electrode materials highly promising in the field of aqueous proton batteries. However, in most developed all-organic aqueous proton batteries, the dissolution of the negative electrode material in the electrolyte and its lower redox potential than the hydrogen evolution reaction lead to poor cycle stability, becoming a bottleneck in the development of aqueous organic proton batteries. Therefore, exploring stable, corrosion-resistant, and environmentally friendly negative electrodes is crucial for the development of aqueous organic proton batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides an aqueous organic-hydrogen gas electron battery, which aims to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided in this disclosure is as follows:

[0005] An aqueous organic-hydrogen e-cell battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte, and a separator for separating the positive and negative electrodes.

[0006] The positive electrode includes a first current collector and a positive electrode active material layer loaded on the first current collector, the positive electrode active material layer containing quinone compounds;

[0007] The negative electrode includes a second current collector and a catalyst supported on the second current collector;

[0008] The catalyst includes one or more of the following: a first catalyst, a second catalyst, a third catalyst, and a carbon material catalyst.

[0009] The first catalyst includes one or more of Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru, PtNi, PdNi, IrNi, RuNi, PtCo, PdCo, ​​IrCo, RuCo, PtNiCo, PdNiCo, IrNiCo, and RuNiCo;

[0010] The second catalyst includes one or more of PtO2, PtC, PtOH, IrO2, IrC, IrN, IrS, IrP, RuO2, RuS, RuP, RuC, and RuN;

[0011] The third catalyst includes one or more of NiCoMo, NiMo, Ni, NiN, NiS, NiP, NiPS, MoO2, MoS2, MoP, MoC, MoC2, WO2, WS2, WP, WC, and WC2;

[0012] Carbon material catalysts include one or more of the following: micron-sized carbon particles, micron-sized carbon sheets, micron-sized carbon wires, micron-sized carbon tubes, nano-sized carbon particles, nano-sized carbon sheets, nano-sized carbon wires, and nano-sized carbon tubes.

[0013] The electrolyte is an aqueous solution of a protic acid;

[0014] Among them, the aqueous organic-hydrogen quantum battery also includes a sealed outer casing for the battery and hydrogen gas filling the inside of the battery.

[0015] In one embodiment, the hydrogen pressure inside the battery ranges from 1 to 100 atm.

[0016] In one embodiment, the quinone compound includes one or more of p-benzoquinone, tetrafluorop-benzoquinone, tetrachlorop-benzoquinone, tetrabromop-benzoquinone, tetramethylp-benzoquinone, 2,5-trifluoromethyl-1,4-p-benzoquinone, and 5,7,12,14-tetraaza-6,13-pentabenzoquinone.

[0017] In one embodiment, the protic acid includes one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid, hydrobromic acid, and hydroiodic acid.

[0018] In one embodiment, the concentration of the protic acid is 3–20 mol / L. -1 .

[0019] In one embodiment, the positive electrode active material layer further includes a conductive agent and a binder;

[0020] Conductive agents include one or more of conductive graphite, conductive carbon black, Ketjen black, acetylene black, carbon black, and Cabot black;

[0021] The adhesive includes one or more of the following: tetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, and styrene-butadiene rubber.

[0022] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of quinone compound: conductive agent: binder is 6:3.5-3:0.5-1.

[0023] In one embodiment, the first current collector electrode material includes one or more of stainless steel, titanium, gold, carbon paper, and carbon cloth;

[0024] The second current collector is a gas diffusion layer electrode, which includes a carbon-based diffusion layer electrode.

[0025] In one embodiment, the diaphragm comprises glass fiber filter paper.

[0026] In one embodiment, the aqueous organic-hydrogen quantum battery is suitable for temperatures ranging from -80°C to 25°C.

[0027] Based on the above technical solution, the aqueous organic-hydrogen gas electron battery disclosed herein has one of the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) In the embodiments of this disclosure, the quinone active material loaded on the first current collector stores charge through an ion coordination mechanism, preventing severe volume expansion and thus contributing to the excellent stability and rate performance of the proton battery. Furthermore, a hydrogen proton battery assembled by loading a catalyst with good hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) performance and high tolerance onto a second current collector to form the negative electrode of an aqueous organic proton battery, and combining it with a positive electrode containing quinone compounds, exhibits high rate performance and long lifespan, even in low-temperature environments.

[0029] (2) The aqueous organic-hydrogen e-cell provided in this disclosure has reasonable and stable positive and negative electrode capacities, low manufacturing costs, and can be widely used in the field of large-scale energy storage. It is easy to prepare on a large scale. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the reaction mechanism of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas quantum cell in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 2 The aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas electron cell in this embodiment of the present disclosure operates at 1.0 mV s. -1 Cyclic voltammetry curve at scan rate;

[0032] Figure 3A This is a graph showing the rate charge-discharge test results of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas quantum battery in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 3B This is a graph showing the rate cycling performance test results of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas quantum battery in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 4A For the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas quantum battery in this embodiment of the present disclosure, at 50 A g -1 Figure showing the cycle performance test results at different scaling ratios;

[0035] Figure 4B In this embodiment of the present disclosure, an aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas electron battery operates at 100 A g. -1 Figure showing the cycle performance test results at different scaling ratios;

[0036] Figure 5A The graph shows the cycle performance test results of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas quantum battery in the embodiments of this disclosure at -40°C.

[0037] Figure 5B The figure shows the cycle performance test results of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen quantum battery in the embodiments of this disclosure at -70°C. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0039] The current aqueous all-organic proton batteries using organic materials as positive and negative electrodes suffer from several problems. For example, the organic materials at the negative electrode are easily dissolved, such as anthraquinone compounds. Furthermore, the negative electrode containing organic materials has a lower redox potential than the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), which has become a bottleneck in the development of aqueous organic proton batteries. Additionally, existing proton batteries cannot achieve good electrochemical performance in low-temperature environments.

[0040] In light of this, the inventors discovered during the implementation process that the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) occurring in the hydrogen electrode during electrochemical processes exhibit low overpotentials and excellent cycle stability. This gives hydrogen batteries advantages such as being environmentally friendly, low-cost, long-life, and high-rate, making them suitable for large-scale energy storage applications. Therefore, developing aqueous organic-hydrogen electronic battery systems is a major focus of current energy storage battery research.

[0041] To this end, this disclosure proposes using quinone-containing organic compounds as the positive electrode, while simultaneously loading a catalyst with good hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) performance and high tolerance onto the current collector to form the negative electrode. Through the synergistic use of the quinone active material at the positive electrode, the catalyst at the negative electrode, and the protic acid aqueous solution, the assembled hydrogen gas ion battery exhibits good electrochemical performance, especially in low-temperature environments, where the aqueous organic-hydrogen gas ion battery provided in this disclosure also demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance.

[0042] Specifically, this disclosure provides an aqueous organic-hydrogen electrode battery, including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte, and a separator for separating the positive and negative electrodes; as well as a casing for sealing the battery and filling the battery with hydrogen gas.

[0043] The positive electrode includes a first current collector and a positive electrode active material layer loaded on the first current collector, wherein the positive electrode active material layer contains quinone compounds.

[0044] The negative electrode includes a second current collector and a catalyst supported on the second current collector;

[0045] The electrolyte is an aqueous solution of a protic acid;

[0046] The catalyst includes one or more of the following: a first catalyst, a second catalyst, a third catalyst, and a carbon material catalyst.

[0047] The first catalyst includes one or more of Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru, PtNi, PdNi, IrNi, RuNi, PtCo, PdCo, ​​IrCo, RuCo, PtNiCo, PdNiCo, IrNiCo, and RuNiCo;

[0048] The second catalyst includes one or more of PtO2, PtC, PtOH, IrO2, IrC, IrN, IrS, IrP, RuO2, RuS, RuP, RuC, and RuN;

[0049] The third catalyst includes one or more of NiCoMo, NiMo, Ni, NiN, NiS, NiP, NiPS, MoO2, MoS2, MoP, MoC, MoC2, WO2, WS2, WP, WC, and WC2;

[0050] Carbon material catalysts include one or more of the following: micron-sized carbon particles, micron-sized carbon sheets, micron-sized carbon wires, micron-sized carbon tubes, nano-sized carbon particles, nano-sized carbon sheets, nano-sized carbon wires, and nano-sized carbon tubes.

[0051] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the negative electrode preferentially selects active sites on the catalyst surface at the three-phase interface (i.e., catalyst-H) to undergo reaction. + A catalyst for the HER / HOR catalytic reaction at the H2 three-phase interface, comprising a first catalyst, a second catalyst, a third catalyst, and a carbon material catalyst. In this embodiment, the first catalyst is primarily a noble metal, and the second catalyst is primarily an oxide, nitride, sulfide, or carbide involving a noble metal. Both the first and second catalysts exhibit high catalytic activity but are relatively expensive. The third catalyst has lower catalytic activity compared to the first and second catalysts, and is primarily composed of base metals, base metal oxides, and base metal carbides, but is relatively moderately priced. The catalyst can also be a carbon material catalyst. Carbon material catalysts are inexpensive, but their catalytic activity is lower than that of the first, second, and third catalysts. The selected base metals and carbon materials possess a certain degree of tolerance or acid resistance, or, after treatment, exhibit good acid resistance and tolerance.

[0052] In embodiments of this disclosure, a quinone-based active material is loaded onto the first current collector of the positive electrode, utilizing the ion coordination mechanism of the quinone-based active material to store charge. During discharge, in the aqueous organic-hydrogen electronic battery, H2 is oxidized at the negative electrode, releasing H2. + In the solution, the C=O groups in the quinone compounds at the positive electrode react with the H+ in the electrolyte solution. + Coordination occurs, transforming the electrolyte into a hydroxyl group (-OH). During charging, the H+ in the electrolyte... + H2 is generated by reduction at the negative electrode, while -OH and H in the reduction products at the positive electrode react with each other. + The compound decouples and reverts to a C=O-containing quinone compound. This is because the positive electrode quinone compound reacts with H₂ generated during the charging and discharging process of the proton battery. + Coordination and decoordination reactions are carried out to prevent the quinone active material from undergoing severe volume expansion during oxidation / reduction reactions, thus avoiding any impact on the performance of the proton battery.

[0053] The negative electrode of a proton battery includes a second current collector and a catalyst. The catalyst is selected from noble metals, base metals, or carbon materials with good HER / HOR performance and high tolerance, which helps to achieve H2 and H2 more quickly during charge and discharge. + The transformation results in the production of H2 or H + The generation rate can be matched with the rate of C=O to C-OH interconversion of quinone compounds in the positive electrode. This allows the assembled hydrogen gas electron battery to utilize the storage cation coordination mechanism of the C=O group in the quinone compound as the positive electrode active material, resulting in a high lifespan, high rate performance, and long lifespan. Even batteries assembled in low-temperature environments exhibit high performance and lifespan.

[0054] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the hydrogen pressure inside the battery ranges from 1 to 100 atm.

[0055] According to embodiments of this disclosure, quinone compounds include one or more of p-benzoquinone, tetrafluorop-benzoquinone, tetrachlorop-benzoquinone, tetrabromop-benzoquinone, tetramethylp-benzoquinone, 2,5-trifluoromethyl-1,4-p-benzoquinone, and 5,7,12,14-tetraaza-6,13-pentabenzoquinone. The proton battery system provided in the embodiments of this disclosure is also applicable to other compounds containing quinone structures.

[0056] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the protic acid includes one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid, hydrobromic acid, and hydroiodic acid, wherein the concentration of the protic acid is 3–20 mol / L. -1 If 5 mol L is used -1The electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid. In this embodiment, the acidic electrolyte mainly provides protons for the positive and negative electrode reactions and conducts charges. The high concentration of proton-containing acid aqueous solution provides good low-temperature performance for the battery in low-temperature environments.

[0057] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the positive electrode active material layer further includes a conductive agent and a binder; wherein the conductive agent includes one or more of conductive graphite, conductive carbon black, Ketjen black, acetylene black, carbon black, and Cabot carbon black (Vulcan XC 72); and the binder includes one or more of tetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, and styrene-butadiene rubber.

[0058] In the embodiments of this disclosure, a positive electrode active material layer is formed by mixing a quinone compound, a conductive agent, and a binder in a specific ratio. The mass ratio of quinone compound: conductive agent: binder is 6:3.5-3:0.5-1, preferably 6:3.5:0.5. The positive electrode active material layer obtained within this ratio range exhibits good conductivity and sufficient active material to react with H2 or H2 generated in the system. + Coordination or decoordination reactions occur, resulting in a high capacity for the positive electrode.

[0059] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the first current collector electrode material includes one or more of stainless steel, titanium, gold, carbon paper, and carbon cloth, wherein stainless steel, titanium, and gold can be mesh or sheet-like; the second current collector is a gas diffusion layer electrode, which includes a carbon-based diffusion layer electrode.

[0060] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the diaphragm comprises glass fiber filter paper, but other types of diaphragms may also be used.

[0061] According to embodiments of this disclosure, aqueous organic-hydrogen electronic batteries are suitable for temperatures ranging from -80°C to 25°C, such as 25°C, -40°C, -70°C, -80°C, etc.

[0062] The present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the embodiments provided in this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0063] The following section uses a water-based tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen quantum battery, with tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone as the positive electrode active material, as an example to further illustrate the technical solution and effects of this disclosure.

[0064] Preparation of the positive electrode active material layer:

[0065] Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was diluted with deionized water to a 5% emulsion for later use. Then, commercial tetrachlorobenzoquinone, Ketjen black, and PTFE were mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 6:3 and 5:0.5. The mixture was rolled into a thin sheet and cut into 1 cm diameter pieces. After drying in a vacuum oven at 40°C, the positive electrode active material layer was formed.

[0066] Then, the positive electrode active material layer is tightly bonded to the thin gold sheet (first current collector) to form a positive electrode sheet, or a slurry of tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone, Ketjen black and polytetrafluoroethylene is coated on the thin gold sheet (first current collector) and dried under vacuum to obtain a positive electrode sheet.

[0067] Preparation of negative electrode:

[0068] The Pt / C electrode is made by mixing 20% ​​commercial Pt / C and polyvinylidene fluoride at a mass ratio of 9:1, adding a certain amount of N-methylpyrrolidone to form a slurry, and coating it onto the gas diffusion layer, i.e., the second current collector. After drying it in a vacuum oven at 80°C, it is cut into negative electrode sheets with a diameter of 1 cm.

[0069] Battery assembly:

[0070] Using the above-mentioned positive and negative electrode plates, a certain amount of 5 mol L was added. -1 The aqueous organic-hydrogen electrode uses a glass fiber filter paper diaphragm with H2SO4 aqueous electrolyte and is assembled in the form of a button cell. The outer shell of the aqueous organic-hydrogen electrode is made of classic stainless steel Swagelok flange and ball valve connector. Hydrogen can be filled into the cell and then sealed. The hydrogen pressure range inside the cell is 1 to 100 atm.

[0071] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction mechanism of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen quantum cell in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, the glass fiber filter paper membrane separates the positive and negative electrodes on both sides. During charging / discharging, the C=O groups in the tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone of the positive electrode react with the H+ in the battery system. + At the positive electrode, a coordination or decoupling oxidation / reduction process occurs to achieve a reversible conversion between C-OH and C=O, while at the negative electrode, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) occur.

[0073] The electrochemical test results of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas-electromagnetic battery prepared above are as follows:

[0074] Figure 2 The aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas electron cell in this embodiment of the present disclosure operates at 1.0 mV s. -1 Cyclic voltammetry curves at scan rate, tested at 25℃.

[0075] like Figure 2 As shown, the cyclic voltammetry curve contains a pair of sharp redox peaks at 0.73 / 0.65 V, indicating that the aqueous hydrogen quantum cell reaction has relatively fast kinetics and good reversibility.

[0076] Figure 3A This is a graph showing the rate charge-discharge test results of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas quantum battery in the embodiments of this disclosure; Figure 3B The graph shows the rate cycling performance test results of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas-electromagnetic cell in this embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, the test process was as follows: at 25°C, the rate cycling performance of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas-electromagnetic cell was tested at 2A g. -1 Up to 100A g -1 Electrochemical performance within the current density range.

[0077] like Figure 3A As shown, the battery charge / discharge curves exhibit a clear voltage plateau at different current rates, even at 100 A g. -1 Even at ultra-high current densities, it still exhibits 71.4 A g. -1 High capacity. Furthermore, in charge / discharge rate cycling tests, such as... Figure 3B As shown, when the current density increases from 100 A g -1 Restored to 2A g -1 When the current is low, the capacity can almost recover to the initial capacity, indicating that the battery has good rate performance. Notably, at different current densities, the coulombic efficiency of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen proton battery is close to 100%, demonstrating excellent reversibility and proving that no side reactions exist at the electrodes. This shows that the aqueous organic-hydrogen proton battery provided in this disclosure solves the problem of organic matter dissolution at the negative electrode during the charge and discharge process of all-organic aqueous hydrogen-proton batteries, and the obtained battery has good electrochemical performance.

[0078] Figure 4A For the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas quantum battery in this embodiment of the present disclosure, at 50 A g -1 Figure showing the cycle performance test results at different scaling ratios; Figure 4B In this embodiment of the present disclosure, an aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas electron battery operates at 100 A g. -1 The graph shows the cycle performance test results at different rates. Specifically, the aqueous-hydrogen gas electron battery was tested at 50 A g at 25°C. -1 Or 100A g -1 Cyclic performance at various rates.

[0079] like Figure 4A As shown, at a charge / discharge rate of 50C, the reversible specific capacity of this battery is approximately 132 mAh g. -1After 30,000 charge-discharge cycles, the battery has been fully activated, and its reversible specific capacity can reach up to 155 mAh g. -1 When the battery's charge / discharge rate is 100C, such as Figure 4B As shown, the reversible specific capacity of this battery can reach up to approximately 140 mAh g. -1 After 100,000 long-cycle charge-discharge cycles, the reversible specific capacity still maintains 97 mAh g. -1 This indicates that the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen quantum battery has excellent high-rate cycling performance.

[0080] Figure 5A This figure shows the cycle performance test results of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas quantum battery in the embodiments of this disclosure at -40°C. Figure 5B The figure shows the cycle performance test results of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas-electrolyte in this embodiment at -70°C. Specifically, the cycle stability of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas-electrolyte was tested at low temperatures of -40°C and -70°C.

[0081] In 5A g -1 At high current densities, such as Figure 5A As shown, this battery can provide up to 60.9 mAh g. -1 The reversible specific capacity was maintained, and 92% of the initial capacity was retained after 20,000 cycles. When the temperature was further reduced to -70°C, as... Figure 5B As shown, the battery can achieve a current of 0.5A g. -1 Provides 50mAh g at current density -1 The reversible specific capacity and stable cycling capability of the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen quantum battery demonstrate its great application potential in extreme environments.

[0082] Based on the electrochemical test results shown in Figures 3-5, the aqueous tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone-hydrogen gas electron battery exhibits advantages such as long cycle life, excellent rate performance, and good low-temperature performance.

[0083] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this disclosure. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An aqueous organic-hydrogen proton battery suitable for -80℃ to -40℃, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte, and a separator for separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the positive electrode comprises a first current collector and a positive active material layer loaded on the first current collector, and the positive active material layer comprises a quinone compound; the negative electrode comprises a second current collector and a catalyst loaded on the second current collector; wherein the catalyst comprises one or more of a first catalyst, a second catalyst, a third catalyst, and a carbon material catalyst; the first catalyst comprises one or more of Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru, PtNi, PdNi, IrNi, RuNi, PtCo, PdCo, IrCo, RuCo, PtNiCo, PdNiCo, IrNiCo, RuNiCo; the second catalyst comprises one or more of PtO2, PtC, PtOH, IrO2, IrC, IrN, IrS, IrP, RuO2, RuS, RuP, RuC, RuN; the third catalyst comprises one or more of NiCoMo, NiMo, Ni, NiN, NiS, NiP, NiPS, MoO2, MoS2, MoP, MoC, MoC2, WO2, WS2, WP, WC, WC2; the carbon material catalyst comprises one or more of micron carbon particles, micron carbon sheets, micron carbon wires, micron carbon tubes, nano carbon particles, nano carbon sheets, nano carbon wires, and nano carbon tubes; the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of a protonic acid; the aqueous organic-hydrogen proton battery is a button cell, further comprising a shell for sealing the battery, and hydrogen gas is filled in the battery; wherein the quinone compound comprises one or more of tetrafluoro-p-benzoquinone, tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone, tetrabromo-p-benzoquinone, tetramethyl-p-benzoquinone, 2,5-trifluoromethyl-1,4-p-benzoquinone, 5,7,12,14-tetranitro-6,13-benzoporphyrinquinone; The concentration of the protic acid is 5 to 20 mol L -1 .

2. The aqueous organic-hydrogen nature proton battery of claim 1, wherein, the hydrogen gas filled in the battery has a pressure ranging from 1 atm to 100 atm.

3. The aqueous organic-hydrogen nature proton battery of claim 1, wherein, the protonic acid comprises one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid, hydrobromic acid, and hydroiodic acid.

4. The aqueous organic-hydrogen nature proton battery of claim 1, wherein, the positive active material layer further comprises a conductive agent and a binder; the conductive agent comprises one or more of conductive graphite and conductive carbon black; the binder comprises one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, and styrene butadiene rubber.

5. The aqueous organic-hydrogen nature of claim 4, wherein, The mass ratio of the quinone compound: conductive agent: binder is 6:3.5-3:0.5-1.

6. The aqueous organic-hydrogen nature of claim 1, wherein, The first current collector electrode material comprises one or more of stainless steel, titanium, gold, carbon paper, and carbon cloth; the second current collector is a gas diffusion layer electrode, and the gas diffusion layer electrode comprises a carbon-based diffusion layer electrode.

7. The aqueous organic-hydrogen nature proton battery of claim 1, wherein, The separator comprises glass fiber filter paper.

8. The aqueous organic-hydrogen nature of claim 4, wherein, The conductive carbon black comprises one or more of Ketjen black, acetylene black, and Cabot carbon black.

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