Method for processing inner diameter circumferential oil groove of aviation bearing retainer

Abstract

The application relates to a machining method for an inner diameter circumferential oil groove of an aviation bearing retainer, and belongs to the technical field of bearing machining, in particular to a machining method for an inner diameter circumferential oil groove of an aviation bearing retainer. The application aims to solve the problems of the existing machining method for the inner diameter circumferential oil groove of the aviation bearing retainer, such as high frequency of clamping, difficult and complex manual adjustment, poor product quality consistency, high waste rate and low efficiency. The method comprises the following steps: step one, positioning and clamping; step two, rotating the B shaft to complete single oil groove machining; step three, rotating the C shaft to complete circumferential multiple oil groove machining; and step four, moving the positioning device to a specified position after machining. The application is used for machining the inner diameter circumferential oil groove of the aviation bearing retainer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bearing processing technology, specifically relating to a method for processing the circumferential oil groove in the inner diameter of an aerospace bearing cage. Background Technology

[0002] The oil grooves inside the aerospace bearing cage are located on the inner surface of the crossbeam in the middle of the cage's circular hole. They are used for oil storage and lubrication. Machining the inner diameter oil grooves is quite difficult and involves many steps. Research has shown that the existing process for machining the inner diameter oil grooves of bearing cages is generally as follows: Machining is performed using a CA6140 lathe. The oil grooves are machined by planing, and each hole's oil groove requires five planing cuts. A single product requires nearly a hundred manual planing cuts to complete the machining. The tool shape is an arc R-shape, which needs to be manually ground. Furthermore, each oil groove machining requires repositioning and tool setting, which easily leads to low R-shape pass rate, unqualified oil groove depth, and clamping damage.

[0003] This method has drawbacks such as requiring multiple clamping operations, making manual adjustments difficult and complex, resulting in poor product quality consistency, high scrap rate, and low efficiency, and therefore needs to be optimized and improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of existing machining methods for the circumferential oil grooves on the inner diameter of aerospace bearing cages, such as numerous clamping operations, difficult and complex manual adjustments, poor product quality consistency, high scrap rate, and low efficiency. Therefore, this invention provides a machining method for the circumferential oil grooves on the inner diameter of aerospace bearing cages.

[0005] The method for machining the circumferential oil groove on the inner diameter of an aerospace bearing cage according to the present invention is specifically carried out according to the following steps:

[0006] 1. Place the reference surface of the bearing cage to be processed on the locating ring of the locating fixture. Rotate the locating slot of the locating fixture to a horizontal position. After installing the locating bar on the spindle of the five-axis CNC machining center, adjust the B-axis deflection angle of the equipment to a horizontal position. Move the Z-axis to half the width of the bearing cage to be processed, and move the Y-axis to the position where the radius of the bearing cage pocket minus the radius of the locating bar is smaller. Pass through the locating slot of the locating fixture and contact the side wall of the bearing cage pocket for circumferential positioning. Then clamp the bearing cage to be processed using a three-jaw chuck.

[0007] 2. Using an automatic tool changer, replace the ball end mill with a ball end mill. With the spindle rotating clockwise, deflect the B-axis of the five-axis machining center by an angle 'a' to perform oil groove machining. The specific process is as follows: The tool rapidly moves to the workpiece's inner diameter dimension d and depth Z1 position, and cuts to the inner diameter dimension d1 and depth Z2 position; the tool returns to the inner diameter dimension d and depth Z1 position, and cuts to the inner diameter dimension d1 + 0.3mm and depth Z2 position; the tool returns to the inner diameter dimension d and depth Z1 position again; based on the previous machining, the cutting is repeated each time the inner diameter dimension + 0.3mm is reached to the required oil groove depth, and the tool returns to the safe height of the cage center position to complete the machining of a single inner diameter oil groove.

[0008] 3. Return the card holder to the initial position, deflect the C-axis of the equipment by angle b, repeat the oil groove processing in step 2, and then repeat the rotation of the C-axis to complete the processing of the 20 circumferentially divided oil grooves in sequence.

[0009] 4. Using the automatic tool changer, replace the D10 positioning bar with a zero rotation speed and move it to the designated positioning position: rotate the B-axis of the equipment to the horizontal, move the Z-axis to half the width of the workpiece, and move the Y-axis to the radius of the cage pocket minus the radius of the positioning bar, thus completing the machining of the circumferential oil groove on the inner diameter of the aerospace bearing cage.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0011] 1. This invention utilizes a CNC five-axis machining center to complete the machining of multiple circumferential oil grooves on the inner diameter of the bearing cage in a single setup, greatly improving the degree of automation, machining accuracy, and machining efficiency.

[0012] 2. This invention reduces reliance on personnel skill levels, improves product quality consistency, shortens adjustment time, and increases efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the processing of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ball end mill;

[0015] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the positioning fixture;

[0016] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view;

[0017] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning fixture;

[0018] Figure 6 A simplified diagram of the processing path;

[0019] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece structure; where 5 indicates the location of the oil groove. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Specific Implementation Method 1: This implementation method for machining the circumferential oil groove on the inner diameter of an aerospace bearing cage specifically involves the following steps:

[0021] 1. Place the reference surface of the bearing cage to be processed on the locating ring of the locating fixture. Rotate the locating slot of the locating fixture to a horizontal position. After installing the locating bar on the spindle of the five-axis CNC machining center, adjust the B-axis deflection angle of the equipment to a horizontal position. Move the Z-axis to half the width of the bearing cage to be processed, and move the Y-axis to the position where the radius of the bearing cage pocket minus the radius of the locating bar is smaller. Pass through the locating slot of the locating fixture and contact the side wall of the bearing cage pocket for circumferential positioning. Then clamp the bearing cage to be processed using a three-jaw chuck.

[0022] 2. Using an automatic tool changer, replace the ball end mill with a ball end mill. With the spindle rotating clockwise, deflect the B-axis of the five-axis machining center by an angle 'a' to perform oil groove machining. The specific process is as follows: The tool rapidly moves to the workpiece's inner diameter dimension d and depth Z1 position, and cuts to the inner diameter dimension d1 and depth Z2 position; the tool returns to the inner diameter dimension d and depth Z1 position, and cuts to the inner diameter dimension d1 + 0.3mm and depth Z2 position; the tool returns to the inner diameter dimension d and depth Z1 position again; based on the previous machining, the cutting is repeated each time the inner diameter dimension + 0.3mm is reached to the required oil groove depth, and the tool returns to the safe height of the cage center position to complete the machining of a single inner diameter oil groove.

[0023] 3. Return the card holder to the initial position, deflect the C-axis of the equipment by angle b, repeat the oil groove processing in step 2, and then repeat the rotation of the C-axis to complete the processing of the 20 circumferentially divided oil grooves in sequence.

[0024] 4. Using the automatic tool changer, replace the D10 positioning bar with a zero rotation speed and move it to the designated positioning position: rotate the B-axis of the equipment to the horizontal, move the Z-axis to half the width of the workpiece, and move the Y-axis to the radius of the cage pocket minus the radius of the positioning bar, thus completing the machining of the circumferential oil groove on the inner diameter of the aerospace bearing cage.

[0025] Specific Implementation Method Two: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that: the positioning fixture is annular, and the outer circumference of the positioning fixture is the outer diameter positioning ring 1 of the equipment end; an end face positioning ring 3 is machined on the inner diameter of one side of the positioning fixture, and an elastic opening 2 is opened on the end face positioning ring 3. A positioning slot 4 is opened on the positioning fixture opposite to the elastic opening 2; the inner side of the end face positioning ring 3 is used for workpiece end positioning, and the outer side of the end face positioning ring 3 is used for equipment end positioning. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0026] Specific Implementation Method Three: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that the radius of the positioning rod mentioned in step one is 5mm. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0027] Specific Implementation Method Four: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that the ball end mill used in step two has a diameter of D1.7. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0028] Specific Implementation Method Five: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that the spindle rotation speed in step two is 5000 revolutions per minute. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0029] Specific Implementation Method Six: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that: in step two, the axis of the tool holder is set as axis B, the axis of the rotary table is set as axis C, the inner diameter d1 represents the axial tool starting point, the depth Z2 represents the axial tool retraction point, the inner diameter d represents the radial tool starting point, and the depth Z1 represents the radial tool retraction point. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0030] Specific Implementation Method Seven: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that the cutting speed in step two is 50 mm per minute. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are verified using the following embodiments:

[0032] Example 1: A method for machining a circumferential oil groove on the inner diameter of an aerospace bearing cage is specifically carried out according to the following steps:

[0033] 1. Place the reference surface of the bearing cage to be processed on the locating ring of the locating fixture. Rotate the locating slot of the locating fixture to a horizontal position. After installing the locating bar using the spindle of the five-axis CNC machining center, adjust the B-axis deflection angle of the equipment to a horizontal position. Move the Z-axis to half the width of the bearing cage to be processed, and move the Y-axis to the position where the radius of the bearing cage pocket minus the radius of the locating bar (5mm). Pass through the locating slot of the locating fixture and contact the side wall of the bearing cage pocket for circumferential positioning. Then clamp the bearing cage to be processed using a three-jaw chuck.

[0034] 2. Using an automatic tool changer, replace the ball end mill with one D1.7mm diameter end mill. Rotate the spindle clockwise at 5000 rpm. Deflect the B-axis of the five-axis machining center by angle α to perform oil groove machining. The specific process is as follows: The tool rapidly moves to the workpiece's inner diameter dimension d and depth Z1 position, cutting to the inner diameter dimension d1 and depth Z2 position; the tool returns to the inner diameter dimension d and depth Z1 position, cutting to the inner diameter dimension d1 + 0.3mm and depth Z2 position; the tool returns to the inner diameter dimension d and depth Z1 position again; based on the previous machining, repeat the cutting process with each inner diameter dimension + 0.3mm until the required oil groove depth is reached, then return to the safe height of the cage center position to complete the machining of a single inner diameter oil groove; the cutting speed is 50mm per minute.

[0035] 3. Return the card holder to the initial position, deflect the C-axis of the equipment by angle b, repeat the oil groove processing in step 2, and then repeat the rotation of the C-axis to complete the processing of the 20 circumferentially divided oil grooves in sequence.

[0036] 4. Using the automatic tool changer, replace the D10 positioning bar with a zero rotation speed and move it to the designated positioning position: rotate the B-axis of the equipment to the horizontal, move the Z-axis to half the width of the workpiece, and move the Y-axis to the radius of the cage pocket minus the radius of the positioning bar, thus completing the machining of the circumferential oil groove on the inner diameter of the aerospace bearing cage.

[0037] The bearing cage processed using this embodiment exhibits high consistency in the R-shape and depth of the circumferential oil grooves, resulting in stable processing quality and a nearly 40% increase in processing efficiency. It also avoids dynamic imbalance caused by inconsistent R-shape and depth. A batch of products was selected for processing, and the data comparison before and after processing is shown in the table below.

[0038]

Claims

1. A method for machining a circumferential oil groove on the inner diameter of an aerospace bearing cage, characterized in that... The processing method of the inner diameter circumferential oil groove of the aviation bearing retainer is specifically performed according to the following steps: I. The reference surface of the bearing retainer to be processed is placed on the clamping seat positioning ring of the positioning tool, the positioning air slot of the positioning tool is rotated to the horizontal position, the positioning rod is installed on the main shaft of the five-axis numerical control machining center, the B-axis deflection angle of the equipment is adjusted to the horizontal position, the Z-coordinate axis is moved to the half position of the width of the bearing retainer to be processed, the Y-coordinate axis is moved to the position of the radius of the bearing retainer to be processed minus the radius of the positioning rod, the positioning air slot of the positioning tool is penetrated, and the circumferential positioning is performed on the side wall of the bearing retainer to be processed, and then the bearing retainer to be processed is clamped through the three-jaw chuck; II. The ball head milling cutter is replaced through the automatic tool changer, the main shaft is positively rotated, the B-axis deflection angle a of the five-axis machining center equipment is adjusted, the oil groove is processed, and the specific process is as follows: the cutter is quickly moved to the inner diameter size d and the depth Z1 position, the cutting is performed to the inner diameter size d1 and the depth Z2 position, the cutter is returned to the inner diameter size d and the depth Z1 position, the cutting is performed to the inner diameter size d1+0.3 mm and the depth Z2 position, the cutter is returned to the inner diameter size d and the depth Z1 position again, the cutting is repeatedly performed to the required oil groove depth on the basis of the previous processing, the safety height of the retainer center position is returned, and the processing of a single inner diameter oil groove is completed; III. The clamping seat is returned to the initial position, the C-axis deflection angle b of the equipment is adjusted, the oil groove processing in step II is repeated, and then the C-axis is rotated to sequentially complete the processing of the circumferential 20 equal division oil grooves; IV. The D10 positioning rod is replaced through the automatic tool changer, the rotating speed is zero, and the specified positioning position is moved: the B-axis deflection angle of the equipment is adjusted to the horizontal position, the Z-coordinate axis is moved to the half position of the width of the workpiece, and the Y-coordinate axis is moved to the radius of the retainer hole minus the radius of the positioning rod, and the processing of the inner diameter circumferential oil groove of the aviation bearing retainer is completed.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein The positioning tool is annular, the outer circumference of the positioning tool is an equipment end outer diameter positioning ring (1), one side inner diameter of the positioning tool is processed with an end surface positioning ring (3), the end surface positioning ring (3) is provided with an elastic opening (2), the relative position of the elastic opening (2) is provided with a positioning air slot (4) of the positioning tool, the inner side of the end surface positioning ring (3) is used for workpiece end positioning, and the outer side of the end surface positioning ring (3) is used for equipment end positioning.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein The radius of the positioning rod in step I is 5 mm.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein The size of the ball head milling cutter in step II is a diameter D1.

7.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein The rotating speed of the main shaft in step II is 5000 revolutions per minute.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein The axis line of the cutter seat in step II is the B-axis, the axis line of the rotary table is the C-axis, the inner diameter size d1 represents the axial cutting point, the depth Z2 represents the axial retreat point, the inner diameter size d represents the radial cutting point, and the depth Z1 represents the radial retreat point.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein The cutting speed in step II is 50 mm per minute.

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