A precise control method for three-dimensional space motion trajectory

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for precisely controlling a three-dimensional motion trajectory. The method comprises the following steps: installing a cathode base on the X-axis of an electrolytic machine tool, and ensuring that a gap between the devices is smaller than a predetermined value; calibrating the cathode base for horizontality, and ensuring that a run-out value of the cathode base meets a preset run-out value; installing a standard tool setting block on a spindle mounting position, and ensuring that a vertical run-out value of the standard tool setting block meets a requirement; obtaining variations of a replaced cathode piece in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions; and compensating the original X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis running trajectories according to the variations in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, respectively, to obtain compensated three-dimensional space running trajectory parameters. The method solves the problem of electrolytic machining out-of-tolerance caused by a change in the motion trajectory of the tool cathode due to a change in the spatial position, thereby improving the consistency and uniformity of electrolytic machining of an open blade disk having an integral structure of an aero-engine, and thereby improving the electrolytic machining quality of the open blade disk having an integral structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical machining of blade disks, and in particular to a method for accurately controlling a three-dimensional space motion trajectory. Background Art

[0002] During the electrochemical machining of the integral structure open blade disk, if the cathode piece component in the tool cathode is damaged or warped and deformed, making it impossible to use it normally, a new cathode piece component needs to be replaced. The cathode piece component is not only required to be quickly replaced, but also requires a certain degree of repeatable positioning. Its position accuracy and contour accuracy directly determine the product quality.

[0003] Due to a certain positioning error between the new cathode plate component and the original cathode plate component after replacement, the movement trajectory of the cathode plate in three-dimensional space has changed, and the gap between the cathode and anode has changed, which in turn causes a significant change in the electrochemical corrosion rhythm. Contact short circuits are very likely to occur, resulting in processing results that do not meet expectations and have large deviations. This damages the cathode plate and overcuts the blades of the overall structure open disk, making the overall structure open disk irreparable and directly affecting the delivery of the overall structure open disk. In addition, as the equipment ages, the rotating axis and linear axis of the electrolysis equipment may experience a decrease in accuracy, which will also cause the spatial position of the cathode to change. However, the specific time when the accuracy reduction will occur and the degree of accuracy reduction cannot be reasonably predicted, posing a huge quality and safety risk.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need to establish a method that can accurately control the three-dimensional motion trajectory of the cathode component in order to achieve the purpose of detecting, preventing and determining whether the actual motion trajectory meets the theoretical motion trajectory, thereby ensuring the stability of the processing process and the optimization of product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for accurately controlling the three-dimensional spatial motion trajectory, which overcomes the problem of low machining accuracy caused by the spatial motion trajectory deviating from the preset trajectory due to the change in the spatial position of the cathode sheet during the existing electrolytic machining process.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for accurately controlling a three-dimensional space motion trajectory comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Install the cathode base onto the X-axis of the electrolysis machine tool, and make the assembly gap smaller than a predetermined value;

[0009] Step 2: Calibrate the cathode base to ensure that the runout values ​​of the cathode base reference surface in the X-axis and Y-axis directions meet the requirements.

[0010] Step 3: Install the standard tool setting block on the spindle installation position and make the vertical runout value of the standard tool setting block meet the requirements;

[0011] Step 4: Install the cathode piece onto the tool cathode, and obtain the changes in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions of the replaced cathode piece;

[0012] Step 5: Compensate the original X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis running trajectories respectively according to the changes in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis to obtain the compensated three-dimensional space running trajectory parameters.

[0013] Preferably, in step 1, a feeler gauge is used to detect the assembly gap value between the HSK chuck and the X-axis mounting surface. When the assembly gap value is greater than a predetermined value, the cathode base is reinstalled until the assembly gap value is less than the predetermined value.

[0014] Preferably, in step 2, a micrometer is used in combination with a leveling method using a dial gauge to detect the runout values ​​of the cathode base in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0015] Preferably, the standard tool setting block in step 3 is provided with three base surfaces, which are the side walls and the bottom surface of the standard tool setting block.

[0016] Preferably, in step 3, a micrometer is used in combination with a dial gauge vertical leveling method to complete the runout value detection of the three reference surfaces respectively.

[0017] Preferably, in step 4, the tool cathode is connected to the X1 axis of the machine tool via an HSK chuck.

[0018] Preferably, in step 4, the changes of the replaced cathode sheet in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions are obtained according to the standard tool setting block and cathode sheet.

[0019] Preferably, the method for obtaining the variation of the cathode sheet in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis in step 4 is as follows:

[0020] S4.1. Rotate the C-axis of the electrolytic machine tool to make it vertical;

[0021] S4.2. Adjust the X, Y, and Z axes of the electrolytic machine tool so that the three reference surfaces of the standard tool setting block maintain a predetermined distance H from the positioning pins on the cathode plate;

[0022] S4.3. Obtain the actual coordinates X1, Y1, and Z1 of the X, Y, and Z axes;

[0023] S4.4. Determine the latest X, Y, and Z coordinates of the replaced cathode based on the actual coordinates and distance H;

[0024] S4.5. Compare the latest X, Y, and Z axis coordinates with the designed X, Y, and Z axis coordinates to obtain the change Δ of the X, Y, and Z axes respectively.

[0025] Preferably, the method for determining the latest X, Y, and Z axis coordinates in step S4.4 is as follows:

[0026] The latest X-axis coordinate = (X1+HX+3+25) mm;

[0027] The latest Y-axis coordinate = (Y1+HY+3+20.79) mm;

[0028] The latest Z-axis coordinate = (Z1 + HZ) mm.

[0029] Preferably, the motion trajectory compensation method in step 5 is as follows:

[0030] The original trajectory parameters of the X, Y, and Z axes are added to the changes of the corresponding axes to obtain the compensated three-dimensional space trajectory parameters.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] The present invention provides a method for precisely controlling a three-dimensional motion trajectory. First, by adding an assembly clearance detection method between the tool cathode HSK chuck mounting surface and the equipment X-axis positioning mounting surface, the horizontal clearance change is ensured to be within the process tolerance after the cathode is installed. Second, by designing standard tool setting blocks with multiple reference surfaces, the coordinate changes of the cathode plate in three-dimensional space are detected and compared to ensure that the coordinate changes of the cathode plate in the horizontal X direction, the front-back Y direction, and the upper-lower Z direction are within the process tolerance after partial or complete replacement of the cathode plate. Then, by vertically leveling the tool setting reference surface, the actual runout value is measured using a meter, and the runout value change is required to be within the process tolerance to ensure that the equipment's rotating C-axis is at 90° at this time. If necessary, the C-axis angle can be corrected and compensated. In addition, a cathode plate spatial position verification device is used to determine the spatial position relationship between the tool setting pin and the cathode plate hole, reducing position changes caused by reduced machining or assembly accuracy and ensuring uniformity of the residual distribution after electrolytic machining. Finally, through a three-dimensional electrolytic motion trajectory comparison test, the rationality of the optimization scheme is tested and verified, demonstrating the effectiveness of the present invention in the electrolytic machining process of blade 1. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an open blade disk with an integral structure according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cathode structure of the tool of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cathode structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the standard tool setting block structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft structure of the electrolytic machine tool of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the tool cathode base of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1, blade; 4, cathode; 5, HSK chuck; 7, mounting position; 8, first reference plane; 9, second reference plane; 10, third reference plane; 11, base reference plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are intended to explain rather than limit the present invention.

[0041] See Figure 1-6 , a method for accurately controlling a three-dimensional space motion trajectory, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Install the cathode base onto the X-axis of the electrolysis machine, and make the assembly gap smaller than a predetermined value.

[0043] Specifically, the cathode base is assembled with the X-axis of the electrolytic machine through the HSK chuck 5, and the assembly is repeated twice. Then, a feeler gauge is used to detect the assembly clearance between the HSK chuck and the X-axis mounting surface. The assembly clearance is required to be less than or equal to 0.01 mm to ensure that the change of the tool cathode in the X-axis direction of the electrolytic machine is controllable and can provide stable current input for electrolytic machining.

[0044] Step 2: Calibrate the cathode base for horizontality so that the runout values ​​of the base reference surface 11 of the cathode base in the X-axis and Y-axis directions meet the preset runout values.

[0045] Specifically, a micrometer is used in combination with a dial gauge leveling method to complete the runout detection of the base reference surface in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, requiring the runout value to be less than or equal to 0.01mm.

[0046] Step 3: Install the standard tool setting block on the spindle mounting position 7, and make the vertical runout value of the standard tool setting block meet the requirements.

[0047] Specifically, install the standard tool setting block on the installation position 7 of the main shaft of the equipment, use a micrometer and combine it with the vertical leveling method to complete the detection of the runout values ​​of the first reference plane 8, the second reference plane 9, and the third reference plane 10 respectively, and the runout value is required to be less than or equal to 0.005mm.

[0048] Step 4: Install the cathode piece onto the tool cathode, and connect the tool cathode to the X1 axis of the machine tool through the HSK chuck 5.

[0049] Step 5: Obtain the change ΔX of the cathode plate in the X-axis direction after replacement. The operation method is as follows:

[0050] S5.1. Manually rotate the C-axis of the electrolytic machine tool to 90°;

[0051] S5.2. Manually adjust the X, Y, and Z axes of the electrolytic machine tool so that the second reference surface 9 of the standard tool setting block maintains a predetermined distance HX from the outer surface of the positioning pin on the cathode piece;

[0052] S5.3. The actual coordinate X1 of the X-axis can be obtained from the operation panel;

[0053] S5.4. Determine the latest X-axis coordinate of the cathode after replacement based on the actual coordinate X1 and distance HX. The determination method is as follows:

[0054] The latest X-axis coordinate = (X1+HX+3+25) mm;

[0055] S5.5. Compare and calculate the latest X-axis coordinate with the X-axis coordinate in the design mode to obtain the X-axis change ΔX.

[0056] Step 6: Obtain the change ΔY of the cathode plate in the Y-axis direction after replacement. The operation method is as follows:

[0057] S6.1. Manually rotate the C-axis of the electrolytic machine tool to 90°;

[0058] S6.2. Manually adjust the X, Y, and Z axes of the electrolytic machine tool so that the first reference surface 8 of the standard tool setting block maintains a small predetermined distance HY from the outer surface of the positioning pin on the cathode piece;

[0059] S6.3. The actual coordinate Y1 of the Y axis can be obtained from the operation panel;

[0060] S6.4. Determine the latest Y-axis coordinate of the cathode after replacement based on the actual coordinate Y1 and the distance HY. The determination method is as follows:

[0061] The latest Y-axis coordinate = (Y1+HY+3+20.79) mm;

[0062] S6.5. Compare and calculate the latest Y-axis coordinate with the Y-axis coordinate in the design mode to obtain the Y-axis change ΔY.

[0063] Step 7: Obtain the change ΔZ of the cathode plate in the Z-axis direction after replacement. The operation method is as follows:

[0064] S7.1. Manually rotate the C-axis of the electrolytic machine tool to 90°;

[0065] S7.2. Manually adjust the X, Y, and Z axes to maintain a small predetermined distance HZ between the third reference plane 10 of the standard tool setting block and the upper end surface of the positioning pin on the cathode plate;

[0066] S7.3. The actual coordinate Z1 of the Z axis can be obtained from the operation panel;

[0067] S7.4. Determine the latest Z-axis coordinate of the cathode after replacement based on the actual coordinate Z1 and the distance HZ. The determination method is as follows:

[0068] Latest Z-axis coordinate = (Z1 + HZ) mm;

[0069] S7.5. Compare and calculate the latest Y-axis coordinate with the Z-axis coordinate in the design mode to obtain the Z-axis change ΔZ.

[0070] Step 8: Compensate the original X, Y, and Z axis running trajectories according to the changes in the X, Y, and Z axes to obtain the updated three-dimensional space running trajectory parameters.

[0071] Specifically, the original trajectory parameters of the X, Y, and Z axes are added to ΔX, ΔY, and ΔZ respectively to obtain new trajectory parameters.

[0072] Step 9: Test machining. Input X+ΔX, Y+ΔY, and Z+ΔZ into the initial machining position to complete the machining verification.

[0073] The present invention provides a precise control method for a three-dimensional spatial motion trajectory, ensuring that the spatial position change before and after the cathode plate is replaced is within the range allowed by the process, preventing the cathode plate from contacting the integral structure open blade disk and causing short-circuit burns, thereby achieving efficient and stable electrolytic machining of the integral blade disk, ensuring that the blade electrolytic machining accuracy and processing quality meet the process design requirements, and overcoming the shortcomings of existing electrolytic machining processes in which the spatial motion trajectory deviates from the preset trajectory due to the spatial position change of the cathode plate, resulting in discontinuous machining and low machining accuracy. The present invention solves the problem of having no effective means to detect machining trajectory changes caused by changes in the tool cathode position in three-dimensional space, or by reduced precision of the equipment motion axis or after equipment maintenance during the electrolytic machining of the integral structure open blade disk, thereby achieving precise control of the machining motion trajectory, ensuring the continuity of the electrolytic machining of the integral structure open blade disk, and improving machining efficiency and quality.

[0074] The above content is only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for accurately controlling a three-dimensional space motion trajectory, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Install the tool cathode base onto the X-axis of the electrolysis machine tool, and make the assembly gap smaller than a predetermined value; Step 2: Calibrate the levelness of the tool cathode base so that the runout values ​​of the base reference surface of the tool cathode base in the X-axis and Y-axis directions meet the requirements; Step 3: Install the standard tool setting block on the spindle installation position and make the vertical runout value of the standard tool setting block meet the requirements; The standard tool setting block is provided with three reference surfaces, namely the side walls and bottom surface of the standard tool setting block; the runout value of the three reference surfaces is respectively completed by using a micrometer combined with a dial vertical leveling method; Step 4: Install the cathode piece onto the tool cathode, and obtain the changes in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions of the replaced cathode piece; According to the standard tool setting block and cathode piece, the change amount of the replaced cathode piece in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions is obtained as follows: S4.

1. Rotate the C-axis of the electrolytic machine tool to make it vertical; S4.

2. Adjust the X, Y, and Z axes of the electrolytic machine tool so that the three reference surfaces of the standard tool setting block maintain a predetermined distance H from the positioning pins on the cathode plate; S4.

3. Obtain the actual coordinates X1, Y1, and Z1 of the X, Y, and Z axes; S4.

4. Determine the latest X, Y, and Z coordinates of the replaced cathode based on the actual coordinates and distance H; The latest X, Y, and Z axis coordinates are determined as follows: The latest X-axis coordinate = (X1+HX+3+25) mm; The latest Y-axis coordinate = (Y1 + HY + 3 + 20.79) mm; Latest Z-axis coordinate = (Z1 + HZ) mm; S4.

5. Compare the latest X, Y, and Z axis coordinates with the designed X, Y, and Z axis coordinates to obtain the change Δ of the X, Y, and Z axes respectively; Step 5: Compensate the original X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis running trajectories respectively according to the changes in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis to obtain the compensated three-dimensional space running trajectory parameters.

2. The method for accurately controlling a three-dimensional motion trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, a feeler gauge is used to detect the assembly gap value between the HSK chuck and the X-axis mounting surface. When the assembly gap value is greater than a predetermined value, the tool cathode base is reinstalled until the assembly gap value is less than the predetermined value.

3. The method for accurately controlling a three-dimensional motion trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, a micrometer is used in combination with a dial gauge to level the tool to detect the runout values ​​of the tool cathode base in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

4. The method for accurately controlling a three-dimensional motion trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the tool cathode is connected to the X1 axis of the machine tool through the HSK chuck.

5. The method for accurately controlling a three-dimensional motion trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation method for the motion trajectory described in step 5 is as follows: The original trajectory parameters of the X, Y, and Z axes are added to the changes of the corresponding axes to obtain the compensated three-dimensional space trajectory parameters.

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