An assembly type formwork construction method combining plastic formwork and disc buckle support

Abstract

A kind of assembly type formwork construction method combining plastic formwork and disc buckle support, its specific steps are as follows: S1, determine engineering drawing, design the minimum independent unit of formwork support using BIM software and calculate the materials required for formwork;S2, according to the construction drawing obtained in step S1, the production or leasing of plastic formwork and disc buckle formwork is carried out according to formwork materials;S3, transport the plastic formwork and disc buckle formwork that passes acceptance to site, carry out field lofting installation support frame base;S4, assemble disc buckle formwork and plastic formwork into minimum independent unit on site;S5, hoist the minimum independent unit in step S4 according to construction drawing, and carry out acceptance whether it meets construction requirements, it meets step S6 if it meets, otherwise continue step S5;S6, reinforce the formwork that is assembled, set wall connecting piece layer by layer, and set corresponding safety facilities;S7, the formwork system of finished product is accepted, and after passing, enter next process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of construction site technology, specifically relating to a prefabricated formwork construction method that combines plastic templates and disc-locking brackets. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly stringent requirements for construction quality, safety, and environmental protection, modular ribbed plastic formwork technology has been included in the 10 New Technologies in the Construction Industry (2017 Edition) and has been widely applied in the construction sector, fully leveraging its characteristics and advantages. The combined application of plastic formwork and modular scaffolding in formwork construction further utilizes the advantages of both being standardized products with high reusability. However, the combined application of new technologies inevitably leads to new problems. Concrete engineering features diverse shapes and the varied geometric dimensions of beams, slabs, and columns. Standard plastic formwork components cannot meet the variability of building structures, resulting in high costs for separately manufacturing non-standard plastic formwork components and long cycles for transporting finished products to and from the construction site, causing construction difficulties.

[0003] Meanwhile, traditional construction methods for formwork engineering rely on skilled workers for on-site work, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, inefficient, and heavily affected by outdoor weather. Construction engineering is a labor-intensive industry, and its common pain points are as follows:

[0004] 1. Formwork engineering is a technical trade, and there is a shortage of skilled workers. China's aging population and childlessness have led to a continuous increase in the wages of skilled workers.

[0005] 2. Formwork engineering is a type of high-altitude work in construction engineering, which is highly dangerous.

[0006] 3. During the construction of formwork projects, the construction procedures require that the assembly line operation cannot be carried out to a certain extent, resulting in idle workers and increasing the construction period.

[0007] 4. Traditional construction methods use wooden formwork, which has a low turnover rate. After three uses, the wooden formwork needs to be replaced with a new one, resulting in serious waste and not in line with the current trend of green and low-carbon construction.

[0008] 5. In terms of machinery, traditional construction methods, apart from using forklifts to transport materials during unloading, mainly rely on manual labor for material handling during the erection process, resulting in slow efficiency and low automation. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated formwork construction method that combines plastic formwork and disc buckle brackets to achieve rapid erection of formwork, while realizing the reuse rate of formwork and the replacement of manual labor with construction machinery to reduce labor costs, thereby achieving the goal of saving labor, worry and money in formwork engineering.

[0010] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0011] A prefabricated formwork construction method that combines plastic templates and disc-lock scaffolding, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0012] S1. Determine the engineering drawings, use BIM software to design the smallest independent unit of the formwork support, and calculate the materials required for the formwork.

[0013] S2, based on the construction drawings and matching materials obtained in step S1, produce or rent plastic templates and disc buckle formwork.

[0014] S3. Transport the accepted plastic templates and disc-buckle formwork to the site and carry out on-site layout and installation of the support frame base;

[0015] S4, on-site assembly of disc buckle formwork and plastic templates into the smallest independent unit;

[0016] S5. The smallest independent unit in step S4 is hoisted according to the construction drawings and inspected to see if it meets the construction requirements. If it does, proceed to step S6; otherwise, continue to step S5.

[0017] S6. Reinforce the assembled formwork frame, install wall ties layer by layer, and set up corresponding safety facilities.

[0018] S7. Inspect the completed formwork system. If it passes the inspection, proceed to the next step.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific steps of step S1 are as follows:

[0020] S11. Based on the design and construction structural drawings, use the formwork engineering BIM design software system to calculate and draw the corresponding formwork system erection drawings and the corresponding plastic formwork system formwork construction drawings.

[0021] S12, at the same time, provides the corresponding formwork engineering construction plan and related calculation sheets, reasonably divides the formwork frame into several smallest complete units, that is, the smallest independent units, and carefully calculates the material usage of each unit module.

[0022] Furthermore, the BIM software modeling in step S1 includes a combined disc-lock formwork system model, a 3D assembled formwork system model, and a combined plastic template system model.

[0023] Furthermore, the construction drawings obtained in step S1 include the following: support plan, diagonal brace plan, column cladding plan, scissor brace plan, monitoring point plan, concrete pouring sequence diagram, support section, support node details, beam bottom crossbar plan, main keel plan, beam bottom formwork plan, beam side plan, beam side elevation, internal corner adjustment block plan, adjustment block details, bottom formwork adjustment block plan, template node details, hoisting sequence diagram, and independent support unit 3D assembly diagram.

[0024] Furthermore, the arrangement steps of the uprights of the disc-lock formwork system model in step S1 are as follows:

[0025] (1) Arrange the uprights at the bottom of the beam. Based on the size of the beam, import the calculation into the BIM software to calculate the minimum beam upright spacing that meets the requirements, and then arrange them longitudinally and transversely.

[0026] (2) Arrange the uprights around the column. Based on the approximately 400mm range around the column and in conjunction with the uprights of the beam, arrange the uprights around the column.

[0027] (3) Arrange the uprights of the slab, and arrange them in accordance with the calculation requirements. At the same time, adjust them with the uprights of the beam to find the optimal spacing.

[0028] Furthermore, the plastic template mentioned in step S2 includes standard template components and template adjustment blocks. The standard template components are standard plastic templates, and the template adjustment blocks are modular accessories that are adjusted according to the structure of the building. The template adjustment blocks are formed by fixing the square timber frame and the adjustable plastic templates. The template adjustment blocks are set at the intersection of beams, slabs and columns to connect the standard plastic templates.

[0029] Furthermore, the support frame base in step S3 needs to be leveled using a spirit level during installation.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S4, the plastic template is reinforced with high-strength bolts, and the disc-buckle formwork is reinforced with pins.

[0031] Furthermore, the safety measures in step S6 include installing scissor braces, horizontal safety nets, and guardrails.

[0032] Compared with existing technologies, the significant advantages of this invention include: it not only meets the actual needs of engineering projects and optimizes the construction methods of traditional formwork scaffolding, solving the problem of mismatch between plastic formwork and disc-lock scaffolding, but also realizes the replacement of manual labor with machinery to improve efficiency, advance the construction period, save timber, and protect the environment; it reduces the occurrence of safety accidents caused by personnel working at heights and at heights; and it accelerates the construction progress. Calculated based on a floor height of 4 meters, it can save approximately RMB 64,000 per 1,000 square meters of formwork scaffolding. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the template adjustment block of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should recognize that the present invention covers all alternatives, improvements, and equivalents that may be included within the scope of the claims.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] See Figure 1 This embodiment provides a prefabricated formwork construction method that combines plastic templates and disc-lock brackets. The specific steps are as follows:

[0040] S1. Determine the engineering drawings, use BIM software to design the smallest independent unit of the formwork support, and calculate the materials required for the formwork.

[0041] The specific steps are as follows:

[0042] S11. Based on the design and construction structural drawings, use the formwork engineering BIM design software system to calculate and draw the corresponding formwork system erection drawings and the corresponding plastic formwork system formwork construction drawings.

[0043] S12, at the same time, provides the corresponding formwork engineering construction plan and related calculation sheets, reasonably divides the formwork frame into several smallest complete units by layering and block, and carefully calculates the material usage of each unit module.

[0044] The BIM software modeling includes a combined disc-lock formwork system model, a 3D assembled formwork system model, and a combined plastic formwork system model. The resulting construction drawings include: scaffold plan, diagonal brace plan, column cladding plan, scissor brace plan, monitoring point plan, concrete pouring sequence diagram, scaffold section, scaffold detail, beam bottom crossbar plan, main joist plan, beam bottom formwork plan, beam side plan, beam side elevation, internal corner adjustment block plan, adjustment block detail, bottom formwork adjustment block plan, formwork detail, hoisting sequence diagram, and 3D assembly diagram of individual independent scaffold units.

[0045] For example, the steps for arranging the uprights of a disc-lock formwork support are as follows:

[0046] (1) Arrange the uprights at the bottom of the beam. Based on the size of the beam, import the calculation into the BIM software to calculate the minimum beam upright spacing that meets the requirements, and then arrange them longitudinally and transversely.

[0047] (2) Arrange the uprights around the column. Based on the approximately 400mm range around the column and in conjunction with the uprights of the beam, arrange the uprights around the column.

[0048] (3) Arrange the uprights of the slab, and arrange them in accordance with the calculation requirements. At the same time, adjust them with the uprights of the beam to find the optimal spacing.

[0049] The arrangement of components such as horizontal bars, diagonal braces, column wraps, and scissor braces in the disc-lock formwork can all refer to the arrangement of the uprights.

[0050] S2, based on the construction drawings and matching materials obtained in step S1, produce or rent plastic templates and disc buckle formwork.

[0051] The plastic template includes standard template components and template adjustment blocks. The standard template components are standard plastic templates, and the template adjustment blocks are modular accessories that are adjusted according to the structure of the building. The template adjustment blocks are formed by fixing the square timber frame 1 and the adjustable plastic template 2. The template adjustment blocks are set at the intersection of beams, slabs and columns to connect the standard plastic templates.

[0052] Modular adjustment blocks are modular accessories that can be adjusted according to the structure of a building. Because the main body of the formwork is plastic, modules must be made of plastic to ensure the compatibility of the materials and facilitate a smooth demolding process. The structure of the adjustment block is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the construction method is as follows: a plastic template is used as the surface layer, and a 40*50 square timber frame is used for fixing, secured with self-tapping screws. Specific parts may have different dimensions, which are adjusted to match the main building structure. The modular adjustment blocks are made using the same high-strength bolts used for template reinforcement, and the bolt size is the same as the fastener bolts of the support frame, both being 22, ensuring material compatibility. Alternatively, square iron can be used as the frame.

[0053] S3. Transport the accepted plastic templates and disc-buckle formwork to the site, and lay out and install the support frame base on site. The support frame base needs to be leveled with a spirit level during installation.

[0054] S4 involves assembling the disc-lock formwork and plastic formwork on-site into the smallest independent unit. The plastic formwork is reinforced with high-strength bolts, and the disc-lock formwork is reinforced with pins. The plastic formwork is laid on the disc-lock formwork, and the pieces are assembled and reinforced with high-strength bolts. The smallest independent unit is formed by assembling the disc-lock formwork and plastic formwork.

[0055] S5. The smallest independent unit in step S4 is hoisted according to the construction drawings and inspected to see if it meets the construction requirements. If it does, proceed to step S6; otherwise, continue to step S5.

[0056] S6. Reinforce the assembled formwork frame, install wall ties layer by layer, and set up corresponding safety facilities, including scissor bracing, horizontal safety nets, and guardrails.

[0057] S7. Inspect the completed formwork system. If it passes the inspection, proceed to the next step, which may be either rebar tying or concrete pouring.

[0058] The specific arrangements of the on-site base and the interlocking construction of the uprights in this invention are as follows:

[0059] 1) Erection of the support base layer: The support base layer is first erected on the construction site. Based on the site layout, all bases are consistent with the plan in terms of size.

[0060] 2) The main support structure is erected by assembling the individual support units in a carpentry shed at the construction site.

[0061] 3) The scaffolding and formwork assembly layer is hoisted. After the individual scaffolding units are transported to the site, they are hoisted one by one according to the drawings. A small crane is used in conjunction with the scaffolding to hoist the units one by one. The smallest independent unit can be assembled using a snap-fit ​​installation method in both the longitudinal and transverse directions.

[0062] 4) Complete the subsequent assembly of the formwork support frame. After the frame is hoisted, assemble the remaining support components.

[0063] The formwork support frame of the present invention is reusable, and the method for mechanized dismantling of the formwork support frame is as follows:

[0064] 1. During the dismantling of formwork supports, mechanized dismantling methods should be adopted. After materials are dismantled from high places, they should not be thrown down from high places. Instead, a brick lifting machine should be used to raise the material bucket, and construction workers should place the material bucket inside before lowering it down.

[0065] 2. Large-scale projects often have post-pouring strips. The supports at the post-pouring strips are always maintained. We use a double-lift winch and a double-rope circulation method to set up material hooks at the post-pouring strip location. Workers are arranged to hang the dismantled materials on the wire ropes, and workers on both sides work together to suspend and sort them.

[0066] This invention creates BIM models of a combined plastic formwork system and a socket-type disc-lock scaffolding system. Through software-automated arrangement and overall optimization of the formwork support structure, it calculates and optimizes the position of the bottom supports of the disc-lock formwork, the spacing of the longitudinal and transverse uprights, the arrangement of diagonal braces and scissor braces, and the overall arrangement of the combined plastic formwork. This invention proposes the concept of formwork adjustment blocks, re-organizing the construction process of formwork engineering for building concrete structures; it develops a visualized handover process for support installation, enabling the formwork adjustment blocks to be processed and formed on a production line in the formwork factory, with formwork materials for different sections packaged, transported, and erected independently at the construction site's carpentry shed. The concrete engineering sections in the project are first confirmed by the project's technical manager based on drawing review and design handover. After confirmation by the technical manager, the order is sent to the BIM software for calculation. The software calculates the material requirements for the formwork components of each part of the project's concrete engineering, automatically generating all materials according to the design requirements in terms of size, specifications, and model. The exported plans and calculation sheets were sent back to the project's technical manager for confirmation. After the construction plan was confirmed, the formwork adjustment blocks were manufactured at the local formwork matching center; the formwork standard blocks were produced in the relevant factories and, after passing the acceptance inspection, were transported to the construction site for assembly.

[0067] This invention not only meets the actual needs of engineering projects and optimizes the construction method of traditional formwork, solving the problem of mismatch between plastic formwork and disc buckle supports, but also realizes the replacement of manual labor with machinery to improve efficiency, advance the construction period, save timber, and protect the environment; reduces the occurrence of safety accidents caused by personnel working at heights and at heights; and speeds up the construction progress. Calculated based on a floor height of 4 meters, the cost of erecting formwork for every 1000 square meters can be reduced by approximately 64,000 yuan.

[0068] Compared to previous projects with the same building area, the cost savings from using this invention are calculated as follows:

[0069] 1. Reduce on-site material costs: Plastic formwork can be used 30 times, compared to 5 times for ordinary wooden formwork, greatly increasing the number of construction operations and reducing material costs. The cost of plastic formwork is 150 yuan / ㎡, while the cost of ordinary wooden formwork plus square bars is 120 yuan / ㎡. In terms of turnover rate, if plastic formwork is used 20 times and wooden formwork is used 4 times, the final cost is 7.5 yuan / ㎡, while the cost of wooden formwork is 30 yuan / ㎡. Based on 1000㎡, the cost savings are 1000 × 22.5 = 22500 yuan.

[0070] 2. Reduce labor costs: All materials and components on site are connected with fixed-size bolts, and individual scaffolds are hoisted, saving the work of pulling and carrying by hand and greatly improving construction efficiency.

[0071] On a typical construction site, setting up formwork for a 1000㎡ cubic meter structure requires 8 skilled workers and 6 general laborers, totaling 14 people. The formwork setup takes 3 days.

[0072] After adopting this invention, because only the template for the adjustment block needs to be installed, the number of people required for on-site template installation has been reduced to one skilled technician and two ordinary workers. The template installation time is two days.

[0073] Skilled workers are paid 500 yuan per person per day, resulting in a labor cost saving of (7×3+1)×500=11000 yuan. General workers are paid 300 yuan per person per day, resulting in a labor cost saving of (4×3+1)×300=3900 yuan. Subtotal labor cost: 14900 yuan.

[0074] Erecting a 4-meter-high formwork scaffold for 1000㎡ installation saves labor costs.

[0075] The original method required 13 scaffolders and two days of work. The new method requires 15 carpenters and two days of work.

[0076] The current method requires 4 assemblers, 4 hoisters, and 2 installers, with a two-day construction period.

[0077] Based on a cost of 500 yuan per person per day for special jobs, the labor cost savings would be 36 × 500 = 18,000 yuan.

[0078] During the demolding process, the original method required 8 general workers and 4 days to collect the 1000㎡ of support materials that had been removed. The current method requires 4 general workers and 4 days to complete the task.

[0079] Labor costs saved: 16 × 300 = 4800 yuan;

[0080] 3. Reduced management personnel costs. Using the old method, erecting a 1000㎡ formwork scaffold normally takes 4 days, while the new method only takes two days on-site. Assuming 4 management personnel at 500 yuan / day, the savings are 2 × 4 × 500 = 4000 yuan.

[0081] 4. The total savings in labor, material, and management costs for every 1000㎡ of formwork erected is approximately: 18000 + 22500 + 14900 + 4000 + 4800 = 64200 yuan.

[0082] This invention meets the requirements of green building, has significant social benefits, and has good value for promotion and application.

Claims

1. A construction method for combining plastic formwork and disc buckle formwork support frame, comprising the following specific steps: S1, determining engineering drawings, using BIM software to design the smallest independent unit of disc buckle formwork support frame and calculate the materials required for formwork matching; the specific steps are as follows: S11, according to the design construction structure diagram, using the formwork engineering BIM design software system to calculate and draw the corresponding formwork support frame system erection diagram and the corresponding plastic formwork system formwork construction diagram; S12, at the same time, provide the corresponding formwork engineering construction scheme and related calculation book, reasonably divide the disc buckle formwork support frame into several smallest complete units, and carefully calculate the material usage of each unit module; wherein the BIM software modeling includes combined disc buckle formwork support frame system model, 3D assembled formwork support frame system model, and combined plastic formwork system model; S2, according to the construction drawing and formwork matching materials obtained in step S1, produce or rent plastic formwork and disc buckle formwork support frame; wherein the plastic formwork includes formwork standard parts and formwork adjusting blocks, the formwork standard parts are standard plastic formwork, and the formwork adjusting blocks are module accessories adjusted according to the structure of the building; the formwork adjusting block is formed by a square timber framework and an adjusting plastic formwork, and the formwork adjusting block is arranged at the position where the beam, slab and column meet to connect the standard plastic formwork; S3, transporting the plastic formwork and disc buckle formwork support frame that have passed acceptance to the site, and installing the support frame base on site; S4, assembling the disc buckle formwork support frame and plastic formwork into the smallest independent unit on site; S5, hoisting the smallest independent unit in step S4 according to the construction drawing, and checking whether it meets the construction requirements, if yes, entering step S6, if not, continuing step S5; S6, reinforcing the assembled disc buckle formwork support frame, layer by layer setting wall connecting parts, and setting corresponding safety facilities; S7, checking the completed formwork support frame system, and entering the next process after passing the acceptance.

2. The construction method of claim 1, wherein: The construction drawing obtained in step S1 includes support plane view, inclined support plane layout, column wrapping plane layout, shear support plane layout, monitoring point plane layout, concrete pouring sequence schematic diagram, support section view, support node detail view, beam bottom crossbar plane layout, main keel plane layout, beam bottom mold plane layout, beam side plane layout, beam side elevation view, inside corner adjusting block plane layout, adjusting block detail view, bottom mold adjusting block plane layout, formwork node detail view, hoisting sequence diagram, and independent support monomer 3D assembly schematic diagram.

3. The construction method of claim 1, wherein: The vertical rod arrangement steps of the disc buckle formwork support frame in the combined disc buckle formwork support frame system model in step S1 are as follows: (1) arranging the vertical rods of the beam bottom, according to the size of the beam, importing the BIM software to calculate, calculating the vertical rod spacing of the smallest beam that meets the requirements, and then arranging longitudinally and transversely; (2) arranging the vertical rods around the column, according to the 400mm range around the column, combining the vertical rods of the beam, and arranging the vertical rods around the column; (3) arranging the vertical rods of the slab, under the condition of meeting the requirements, arranging the vertical rods of the slab, and adjusting the vertical rods of the beam to find the best spacing.

4. The construction method of claim 1, wherein the plastic formwork and the ringlock formwork support frame are combined. The support frame base needs to be leveled by the level during installation in step S3.

5. The construction method of claim 1, wherein: The reinforcement of the plastic template in step S4 adopts high-strength bolt reinforcement, and the reinforcement of the disc buckle formwork support adopts pin piece reinforcement.

6. The construction method of claim 1, wherein: The safety measures in step S6 include setting scissors support, horizontal safety net and protective rail.

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