A high-pressure visual combustion vessel and system

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-pressure visual combustion vessel and system, the specific scheme of which is as follows: A high-pressure visual combustion vessel includes a burner shell, the inner layer of which is a combustion chamber, and multiple observation windows are provided on the outer surface of the burner shell. At least one observation window is connected to a diffuser chamber, and the remaining observation windows are used to connect to a pressure stabilizing chamber to balance the pressure. An observation window is also provided on one side of the diffuser chamber, and an opening for connecting other observation windows is provided on the other side. Multiple diffuser chambers are provided and are sequentially stacked to form a multi-stage diffuser chamber. The stacking of diffuser chambers achieves the superposition of rated pressures, so that the rated pressure in the combustion chamber increases linearly. Experimenters can select the number of chambers to install and remove according to the experimental rated pressure, which can increase the pressure resistance limit in the combustion chamber and facilitate the measurement of higher pressures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-pressure combustion research technology, and in particular to a high-pressure visualization combustion vessel and system. Background Technology

[0002] The basic structure of a visual burner consists of a single-layer metal container with 1-4 viewing windows, along with a measurement and control system, ignition system, imaging system, and related high-pressure gas source and pipelines. However, the operating pressure of current gas turbines and other equipment is increasing, making it increasingly difficult for existing combustion containers to meet the actual high-pressure requirements in experimental research.

[0003] The inventors discovered that existing burners, when used in experimental research, are limited by the pressure resistance of materials and the structure of the container. Visual burners, using single-chamber containers, largely have their pressure resistance limits determined by the pressure resistance limit of the viewing window, resulting in low limits. Most containers withstand pressures below 10 MPa, making higher pressure tests impossible, or the pressure vessels are thick-walled, heavy, and expensive. Furthermore, different pressure-resistant containers are required depending on the fuel, combustion method, and measurement parameters, making it difficult to modify existing test benches and time-consuming to build the system. In addition, the pressure in the combustion container is manually controlled, making it impossible to guarantee a stable pressure state during combustion container testing and achieve stable pressurization and depressurization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-pressure visual combustion container and system. Experimenters can select the number of components to install or remove based on the rated experimental pressure, thereby increasing the pressure resistance limit within the combustion chamber and facilitating the measurement of higher pressures.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, a high-pressure visual combustion vessel includes a burner shell, an inner layer of which is a combustion chamber, and multiple observation windows are provided on the outer surface of the burner shell. At least one observation window is connected to a diffuser chamber, and the remaining observation windows are used to connect to a pressure stabilizing chamber to balance the pressure. An observation window is also provided on one side of the diffuser chamber, and an opening is provided on the other side for connecting to other observation windows. Multiple diffuser chambers are provided and are sequentially stacked to form a multi-stage diffuser chamber. The stacking of diffuser chambers achieves the superposition of rated pressure, so that the rated pressure in the combustion chamber increases linearly.

[0007] As a further implementation, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are installed inside the combustion chamber.

[0008] As a further implementation, the burner housing has an air inlet and an exhaust port that connect to the combustion chamber on its side. The air inlet is located near the bottom of the burner housing and is used to connect to an air inlet pipe equipped with an air inlet valve. A one-way valve is installed on the air inlet pipe. The exhaust port is located near the top of the burner housing.

[0009] As a further implementation, the diffuser chamber is connected to the diffuser chamber of the same stage on the adjacent burner shell through an airflow channel to achieve pressure uniformity in the diffuser chamber of the same stage.

[0010] As a further implementation, an air inlet and an exhaust outlet are provided on the diffuser chamber. The air inlet and exhaust outlet are used to connect to the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe, respectively. An air inlet valve is provided on the air inlet pipe and an exhaust valve is provided on the exhaust pipe. A pressure sensor is provided in each stage of the diffuser chamber.

[0011] As a further implementation, the pressure stabilizing chamber has an opening on one side, and the opening side of the pressure stabilizing chamber is aligned with the observation window on the burner opening.

[0012] As a further implementation, the pressure stabilizing chamber has a side opening for connecting to an external air source, and a pressure sensor is installed inside the pressure stabilizing chamber.

[0013] As a further implementation, when there are more than two pressure-stabilizing cavities, they are connected to the same-level pressure-stabilizing cavities through an airflow channel.

[0014] As a further implementation, two adjacent diffuser chambers are connected by an airflow channel, and a gasket is used to seal the connection between the diffuser chambers.

[0015] In a second aspect, a high-pressure visual combustion system includes a high-pressure visual combustion container as described above, the high-pressure visual combustion container being connected to a control system, the control system being used to control the pressurization and depressurization of the high-pressure visual combustion container, and the control system being connected to a pressure sensor, an intake valve, and an exhaust valve.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The present invention provides multiple diffuser chambers that are sequentially stacked and connected to form a multi-stage diffuser chamber, so as to achieve a linear increase in the rated pressure in the combustion chamber. The diffuser chambers are detachable, and the experimenters can select the number of chambers to install or remove according to the experimental rated pressure, which can increase the pressure resistance limit in the combustion chamber and facilitate the measurement of higher pressures.

[0018] 2. The detachable diffuser cavity of this invention saves the cost of building a new system. As for the reserved observation window, the experimenter can determine the number of reserved windows according to the number of external measurement and control instruments (such as high-speed cameras) required for the experiment. The reserved viewing window can be used as the beam channel of the sheet light source rectifier for further research.

[0019] 3. This invention controls the pressure inside the combustion chamber through a control system, and uses an intelligent control system to adjust the container pressure to achieve pressure stabilization, pressure boosting, and pressure relief. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-pressure visual combustion container according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is an isometric view of a high-pressure visual combustion vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion container with a three-layer diffuser chamber in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The diagram exaggerates the spacing or dimensions between parts to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only.

[0025] Among them: 1. Diffuser chamber, 1-1. Primary diffuser chamber, 1-2. Secondary diffuser chamber, 1-3. Tertiary diffuser chamber, 2. Burner shell, 3. Top cover, 4. Observation window, 5. Shell base, 6. Pressure stabilizing chamber, 7. Airflow channel. Detailed Implementation

[0026] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figures 1-3 As shown, a high-pressure visualization combustion vessel includes a burner shell 2, with a combustion chamber inside the burner shell 2. Multiple observation windows 4 are provided on the outer side of the burner shell 2, which has a square cross-section. Therefore, the maximum number of observation windows 4 is four, with only one observation window 4 on each side. The four observation windows 4 are located at the center of the four sides of the burner shell 2.

[0029] At least one observation window 4 is connected to a diffuser chamber 1 on its outer side. The remaining observation windows 4 are used to connect to a pressure stabilizing chamber to balance the pressure. An observation window 4 is also provided on one side of the diffuser chamber 1, and an opening for docking with the observation windows is provided on the other side. Multiple diffuser chambers 1 can be provided, depending on the specific pressure test requirements of the combustion vessel. Multiple diffuser chambers 1 are sequentially stacked and connected to form a multi-stage diffuser chamber, thereby achieving a linear increase in the rated pressure within the combustion chamber.

[0030] A housing base 5 is provided at the bottom of the burner housing 2. A circular groove is provided on the housing base 5 for fixed connection with the support. The burner is placed inside the combustion chamber and fixed on the support.

[0031] Two through holes are provided on the casing chassis 5 for connecting the external fuel port and air inlet of the burner inside the combustion chamber. Fuel and air are introduced into the burner through the two through holes.

[0032] Temperature and pressure sensors are installed inside the combustion chamber to detect temperature and pressure data within the combustion chamber, respectively.

[0033] An air inlet and an exhaust outlet, connecting to the combustion chamber, are provided on the side of the burner housing 2. The air inlet is located near the bottom of the burner housing and is used to connect to an air inlet pipe equipped with an air inlet valve via a threaded connection. The air inlet pipe is equipped with a one-way valve, a rotary valve, and a pressure reducing valve. The air inlet pipe can be connected to an external high-pressure air source. The exhaust outlet is located near the top of the burner housing and is used to connect to an exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe is also equipped with a corresponding valve. The air inlet and exhaust pipes are used to inject air into the combustion chamber for pressurization and depressurization.

[0034] The outer layer of the combustion chamber consists of a diffuser chamber 1 and a pressure stabilizing chamber 6. The observation window 4 on the side of the burner housing 2 is used to connect the diffuser chamber 1 and the pressure stabilizing chamber 6. The diffuser chamber 1 is used to form a multi-stage diffuser chamber by setting multiple stages and stacking them, so that the rated pressure in the combustion chamber increases linearly, which is convenient for conducting higher pressure tests. The pressure stabilizing chamber 6 is used to keep the pressure on the observation window on the side of the pressure stabilizing chamber within the pressure resistance limit based on the above-mentioned multi-stage diffuser chamber 1.

[0035] Understandably, one side of the diffuser chamber 1 is also provided with an observation window 4, and the other side is provided with an opening for docking with the observation window 4. When adjacent diffuser chambers 1 are stacked in multiple stages, the opening docks with the observation window 4. Threaded holes are provided around the opening and the observation window 4. Adjacent diffuser chambers 1 are connected by bolts and gaskets are provided to ensure sealing. The observation window 4 on the diffuser chamber 1 is the same size as the observation window 4 on the burner housing 2.

[0036] The junction between adjacent diffuser chambers is made of an alloy, such as... Figure 3As shown, a three-stage diffuser chamber is set up. The leftmost diffuser chamber is the first-stage diffuser chamber. From left to right, the first-stage diffuser chamber 1-1, the second-stage diffuser chamber 1-2, the third-stage diffuser chamber 1-3, the burner shell (containing the combustion chamber inside), and the pressure stabilizing chamber 6 are connected in sequence.

[0037] Understandably, the unused observation window 4 can be connected to an external pressure stabilizing chamber 6. The pressure stabilizing chamber 6 is an alloy cylinder with a single-sided opening. The opening side is connected to the observation window 4, and the side has a pressure sensor and an air inlet. The air inlet is connected to an external air supply source.

[0038] Figure 3 Four observation windows 4 are provided. To ensure constant pressure and save on diffuser chambers 1, the observation windows 4 on both the front and rear sides of the burner housing 2 are also connected to the pressure stabilizing chamber 6. Therefore, for tests requiring three-stage diffusion and only one observation channel, three diffuser chambers 1 and three pressure stabilizing chambers 6 are required. Alternatively, three diffuser chambers 1 can be provided in the observation windows on both the front and rear sides of the burner housing 2, resulting in a total of nine diffuser chambers 1 and one pressure stabilizing chamber 6. Or, all four observation windows 4 on the burner housing 2 can be connected to three diffuser chambers 1.

[0039] Taking a pressure resistance limit of 10 MPa for the observation window as an example, Figure 3 The configuration allows the three diffuser chambers 1 to increase the pressure in the combustion chamber by 30 MPa, thus achieving a pressure condition of 40 MPa inside the combustion chamber.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, to achieve the 20MPa pressure condition inside the combustion chamber, at least one of the four observation windows is connected to the diffuser chamber on the outside by bolts, while the others are connected to the pressure stabilizing chamber.

[0041] The diffuser chamber 1 is equipped with an air inlet and an air outlet, which are used to connect to the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, respectively. An air inlet valve is installed on the air inlet pipe and an air outlet valve is installed on the air outlet pipe. A pressure sensor is installed in each stage of the diffuser chamber 1.

[0042] Furthermore, the diffuser chamber 1 is connected to the same-stage diffuser chamber 1 on the adjacent burner housing 2 through the airflow channel 7. That is, the diffuser chamber 1 has a welded pipe extending in the circumferential direction as the airflow channel 7. The welded pipe can be connected to the adjacent diffuser chamber by bolts, leaving only one inlet and exhaust port. The inlet and exhaust ports on other diffuser chambers 1 can be sealed with caps to ensure uniform pressure. A pressure sensor is installed inside the diffuser chamber 1. The inlet and exhaust ports are connected to the inlet pipe and exhaust pipe, and the pipe is equipped with a two-way valve.

[0043] It is understandable that the diffuser chamber 1 can also be connected to the pressure stabilizing chamber 6 through the airflow channel 7. The pressure stabilizing chamber 6 is open on one side, and the open side of the pressure stabilizing chamber 6 is connected to the observation window on the burner opening. The other sides of the pressure stabilizing chamber 6 are closed to ensure a balanced and sufficiently high-pressure environment. The side opening of the pressure stabilizing chamber 6 is used to connect to an external gas source. A pressure sensor is also installed inside the pressure stabilizing chamber 6.

[0044] When multiple diffuser chambers are required, diffuser chamber 1 is connected to the same-stage diffuser chamber 1 on the adjacent burner housing 2 through airflow channel 7 to achieve pressure uniformity of the same-stage diffuser chambers.

[0045] In this embodiment, there can be multiple diffuser chambers 1, all of which are detachable. The rated pressure of the combustion chamber increases linearly with the stacking of diffuser chambers 1. All diffuser chambers 1 are of the same type. The combustion chamber metal material is a high-pressure resistant, alkali-resistant nickel-containing alloy, suitable for the combustion of alkaline gases such as ammonia.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the top of the burner housing 2 is the housing cover 3, and the observation window 4 is made of transparent material. Considering the premixed combustion throughout the combustion chamber, two air inlets are provided on the side wall of the burner housing 2. One inlet can supply fuel gas and the other oxidizer, or pressurized gas can be supplied through one inlet. The external air inlet pipe is equipped with a pressurization valve. The exhaust port is located on the top layer of the burner housing 2, and the external exhaust pipe is equipped with a pressure reducing valve. The structural schematic diagram of the visualized high-pressure burner provided in the embodiment is shown below. Figure 2 .

[0047] The same-stage diffuser chamber 1 refers to the diffuser chamber 1 that is connected to each other by bolts through an arc-shaped airflow channel. Therefore, there are four diffuser chambers of the same stage ( Figure 2 For three diffuser chambers with equal pressure, only one diffuser chamber with a pressure detection hole and inlet / outlet ports needs to be reserved. In another preferred example, only two observation windows 4 can be provided on the side of the burner housing 2. If only two observation windows 4 are opened and located in opposite positions, a metal pipe with bosses at both ends needs to be connected between the two diffuser chambers 1. The end connecting pipe of the diffuser chamber 1 can be connected to an external cap by bolts to complete the closed air passage.

[0048] In this embodiment, the burner housing is preferably provided with four observation windows 4. One of the observation windows 4 is connected to a multi-stage diffuser chamber, which also increases the pressure environment. The remaining observation windows 4 are connected to a pressure stabilizing chamber to balance the pressure.

[0049] In this embodiment, the detachable diffuser chamber 1 allows experimenters to select the number of chambers to install or remove based on the rated experimental pressure, thereby adjusting the pressure in a timely manner, increasing the pressure resistance limit within the combustion chamber, and facilitating measurements at higher pressures. The detachable diffuser chamber 1 also saves on system construction costs (for low-pressure combustion, only the inner combustion chamber needs to be retained; removing the outer diffuser chamber saves on pressurization costs).

[0050] Observation window 4 is optional. For the four reserved observation windows 4, the experimenter can select the number of reserved windows according to the number of external measurement and control instruments (such as high-speed cameras) required for the experiment. This embodiment provides multiple observation windows and allows selection of the number of windows to be used. The reserved viewing windows can be used as beam channels for the sheet light source rectifier for further research.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A high-pressure visual combustion system is characterized by comprising a high-pressure visual combustion container as described in Embodiment 1, wherein the high-pressure visual combustion container is connected to a control system, the control system being used to control the pressurization and depressurization of the high-pressure visual combustion container, and the control system being connected to a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, an intake valve, an exhaust valve, and various other valves. It also includes an ignition system and an imaging system connected to the high-pressure visual combustion container.

[0053] Table 1

[0054]

[0055] During use, attention should be paid to the pressurization and depressurization methods of the combustion vessel. A control system should be adopted to achieve pressure stabilization, step-by-step pressurization and step-by-step depressurization, so as to provide a stable experimental pressure while ensuring that the pressure difference on the observation window is within the material's safe range.

[0056] by Figure 3 For example, Figure 3 This is a combustion vessel with three diffuser chambers connected together, consisting of three stages. The right side has a pressure stabilizing chamber. We will use this structure as an example to explain the pressurization and depressurization methods.

[0057] When pressurizing and depressurizing, the control system can control valves such as the intake valve and exhaust valve, and adopt multiple intake schemes. For example, nitrogen can be introduced into five chambers at the same time: the first-stage diffuser chamber 1-1, the second-stage diffuser chamber 1-2, the third-stage diffuser chamber 1-3, the burner, and the pressure stabilizing chamber 6. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the pressure reading of each chamber at all times.

[0058] If the rated pressure of a single combustion chamber is 10 MPa, then the pressure difference between it and the external diffuser chamber, pressure stabilizing chamber, and diffuser chamber must not exceed 10 MPa. During pressurization, air can be injected into each chamber simultaneously. The pressure of the outermost first-stage diffuser chamber 1-1 (including its peer diffusers) should be controlled below 10 MPa. When it approaches 10 MPa, the intake valve should be closed in time. At this time, the pressure of all chambers is around 10 MPa.

[0059] Similarly, the intake valves of the secondary diffuser chamber 1-2 are closed before reaching 20 MPa, while the other chambers still receiving air are at around 20 MPa. When the pressure reaches 30 MPa, the intake valves of the tertiary diffuser chamber 1-3 and the pressure stabilizing chamber 6 need to be closed. The intake valves are closed again before the pressure in the combustion chamber reaches 40 MPa, at which point the experiment can begin.

[0060] The example system pressurization process is shown in Table 1 above. In actual operation, the air intake scheme can be set according to the needs, but it is necessary to ensure that the pressure difference on the observation window is within the safe range of the material. When the pressure difference exceeds the set limit, the system will automatically stop the air intake.

[0061] The depressurization sequence is reversed. First, the pressure inside the combustion chamber in the burner housing 2 is reduced to a difference of (pside - pburn) < 10 MPa between the pressure inside the combustion chamber and the pressure difference between the combustion chamber and the two side chambers (three-stage diffuser chambers 1-3, combustion chamber, and pressure stabilizing chamber 6). Then, the pressure inside the combustion chamber and the two side chambers (three-stage diffuser chambers 1-3, combustion chamber, and pressure stabilizing chamber 6) is further depressurized to a pressure difference of < 10 MPa between the combustion chamber and the pressure difference ...

[0062] The pressure control system ensures that the pressure difference between adjacent chambers remains fixed at the rated pressure difference. For example, if the rated pressure difference is 10 MPa, the pressure difference can be set to 10 MPa. When the pressure control accuracy is ±0.1 MPa, pressure fluctuations exceeding 10 MPa will prevent further pressure changes. ± At 0.1 MPa, the valve will open and close, causing the pressure difference to return to 10 MPa.

[0063] Understandably, the system sets a safety pressure difference limit for the observation window. When the system detects that the pressure difference between the two sides of the observation window exceeds the limit during the pressurization process, the safety mode is activated and the air intake is stopped.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high pressure visualized combustion vessel characterized by, The combustion chamber is provided with a plurality of observation windows on the outer side of the combustion chamber shell, at least one observation window is connected with an expansion chamber outside, and the remaining observation windows are used to connect pressure stabilizing chambers to balance the pressure; the expansion chamber is also provided with an observation window on one side and an opening for connecting other observation windows on the other side, a plurality of expansion chambers are provided and connected in sequence to form a multi-stage expansion chamber, and the expansion chambers are stacked to realize the superposition of rated pressure, so that the rated pressure in the combustion chamber increases linearly; wherein, the expansion chamber is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are used to connect the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is provided with an air inlet valve, the air outlet pipeline is provided with an air outlet valve, and a pressure sensor is arranged in each stage of the expansion chamber; the pressurization and pressure relief of the combustion container is realized by a control system, which realizes pressure stabilization, step-by-step pressurization and step-by-step pressure relief, provides stable experimental pressure, and ensures that the pressure difference of the observation window is within the safe range of the material.

2. A high pressure visualisation combustion vessel according to claim 1, wherein, The combustion chamber is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

3. A high pressure visualisation combustion vessel according to claim 1, wherein, The combustion chamber shell is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet connected with the combustion chamber, the air inlet is arranged near the bottom of the combustion chamber shell and used to connect the air inlet pipeline provided with an air inlet valve, and the air outlet is arranged near the top of the combustion chamber shell.

4. A high pressure visualisation combustion vessel according to claim 1, wherein, The expansion chamber and the same stage expansion chamber on the adjacent side of the combustion chamber shell are connected through an air flow channel to realize the pressure unification of the same stage expansion chambers.

5. A high pressure visualisation combustion vessel according to claim 1, wherein, The pressure stabilizing chamber is provided with an opening on one side, and the opening side of the pressure stabilizing chamber is connected with the observation window on the opening of the combustion chamber.

6. A high pressure visualisation combustion vessel according to claim 5, wherein, The pressure stabilizing chamber is provided with an opening on one side, and the opening side of the pressure stabilizing chamber is connected with the observation window on the opening of the combustion chamber.

7. A high pressure visualisation combustion vessel according to claim 5, wherein, The pressure stabilizing chamber is provided with an opening on one side, and the opening side of the pressure stabilizing chamber is connected with the observation window on the opening of the combustion chamber.

8. A high pressure visualisation combustion vessel according to claim 1, wherein, The pressure stabilizing chamber is provided with an opening on one side, and the opening side of the pressure stabilizing chamber is connected with the observation window on the opening of the combustion chamber.

9. A high pressure visualized combustion system characterized by, The pressure stabilizing chamber is provided with an opening on one side, and the opening side of the pressure stabilizing chamber is connected with the observation window on the opening of the combustion chamber. The pressure stabilizing chamber is provided with an opening on one side, and the opening side of the pressure stabilizing chamber is connected with the observation window on the opening of the combustion chamber.

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