Filtration system and coal gasification unit

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of dust-laden gas purification, specifically to a filtration system and a coal gasification device. The filtration system includes a filter and a control device. The filter housing (10) has a gas inlet (11), a gas outlet (12), and a solid particle outlet (13). Multiple filter devices (20) are arranged in parallel inside the housing (10). A valve (30) corresponding to each filter device (20) is provided between each filter device (20) and the gas inlet (11). The control device is configured to control at least one valve (30) to open and the remaining valves (30) to close, so that dust-laden gas entering from the gas inlet (11) flows into the corresponding filter device (20) only through the opened valve (30). This filtration system enables continuous dust-laden gas filtration and filter device regeneration, and has the advantage of simple operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust-laden gas purification, specifically to a filtration system. Furthermore, it relates to a coal gasification apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Filtration-type dust collection at both ambient and low temperatures is widely used in various industrial processes. In industries such as chemical, energy, and building materials, cyclone dust collectors or baghouse dust collectors are typically used for gas-solid two-phase separation. The dust collection mechanism of a cyclone dust collector involves rotating the dust-laden airflow, using centrifugal force to separate dust particles from the airflow and collect them on the collector wall, then allowing gravity to cause the dust particles to fall into the ash hopper. A baghouse dust collector is a dry dust collection device suitable for collecting fine, dry, non-fibrous dust. The filter bags are made of woven filter cloth or non-woven felt, utilizing the filtration effect of the fibrous fabric to filter the dust-laden gas. When the dust-laden gas enters the baghouse dust collector, larger, heavier dust particles settle due to gravity and fall into the ash hopper, while the gas containing finer dust particles is purified by trapping the dust as it passes through the filter media. However, cyclone dust collectors have low dust removal efficiency, and baghouse dust collectors are limited by the technology and materials themselves and can only be used below 260°C.

[0003] Furthermore, high-temperature dust removal technologies developed and applied in countries such as the United States and Germany utilize high-pressure backflushing gas to intermittently backflush and clean the filter elements, regenerating the entire filtration system. When one or a group of filter elements is backflushed by high-pressure gas, the remaining elements (groups) remain in a filtering state. Then, the backflushed element (group) participates in the filtration operation, and the next element group is backflushed, and so on, with each element group being backflushed and regenerated in one cycle. In this filtration system, in addition to high-temperature resistant filter elements, a dedicated high-pressure gas source unit, multiple sets of backflushing valve combinations, and a logic control system are required. The backflushing valves have high requirements, needing rapid opening / closing characteristics, with switching actions completed within 50–200 milliseconds. The valves are costly and require significant maintenance, impacting system reliability and availability. The backflushing gas source needs to be higher than the process pressure; some processes require backflushing gas pressure twice the process pressure, increasing the complexity of the gas source system and power consumption. The complexity of backflushing facilities limits the large-scale application of medium- and high-temperature dust removal systems. Organizing and managing the backflushing operation of hundreds, thousands, or even tens of thousands of filter elements (sets) presents practical difficulties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem of complex regeneration operation of existing dust removal devices and to provide a filtration system that has the advantage of continuous filtration regeneration.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a filtration system comprising a filter and a control device. The filter housing has a gas inlet, a gas outlet, and a solid particle outlet, and multiple filtration devices are arranged in parallel inside the housing. A valve corresponding to each filtration device is provided between the filtration device and the gas inlet. The control device is configured to control at least one of the valves to open and the rest of the valves to close, so that dust-laden gas entering from the gas inlet flows into the corresponding filtration device only through the opened valve.

[0006] Optionally, each of the filter devices corresponds to one of the valves and each includes a plurality of filter elements arranged in parallel, the filter elements being provided with a porous filter layer.

[0007] Optionally, when all valves are fully open, the apparent air velocity on the inner wall of the filter element is 0.5 m / s to 3.0 m / s, and / or the pore size of the porous filter layer is 1 micrometer to 12 micrometers.

[0008] Optionally, the filtration system is provided with an upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet, and both ends of the filtration device are respectively sealed to the inner wall of the housing through the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet. The gas outlet is located in the part of the housing between the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet.

[0009] Optionally, a connection structure is provided between the filter device and the valve, with one end of the connection structure being sealed to the outlet of the valve and the other end being sealed to the upper surface of the upper tube sheet.

[0010] Optionally, the valve is a flow regulating valve.

[0011] Optionally, the gas inlet is equipped with a control valve capable of adjusting the flow rate of dust-containing gas flowing into the housing.

[0012] Optionally, the gas inlet is connected via a pipeline to an air compressor for inputting the dust-laden gas into the housing, and the air compressor is configured to regulate the flow rate of the dust-laden gas.

[0013] A second aspect of the present invention provides a filtration system comprising a filter and a control device. The filter includes a plurality of parallelly arranged filter elements and a main pipe for conveying dust-laden gas. The main pipe is connected to the filter elements via branch pipes, and valves are provided on the branch pipes. The filter elements include a plurality of filter elements with porous filter layers. The dust-laden gas can enter the filter elements within the filter elements through the valves and be separated into solid particles and clean gas by the filter elements. The clean gas is discharged through the porous filter layers, and the solid particles are discharged from the solid particle outlet of the filter elements. The control device is configured to control at least one of the valves to open and the remaining valves to close, such that the dust-laden gas conveyed by the main pipe flows into the corresponding filter element only through the opened valve.

[0014] A third aspect of the present invention provides a coal gasification apparatus, wherein the coal gasification production line includes the filtration system described above.

[0015] The filtration system of this invention, when filtering dust-laden gas, allows all valves to be opened via a control device, enabling the dust-laden gas to pass through all the filtration devices. When the filtration system needs to regenerate the filtration devices after a period of operation, several valves can be closed and at least one valve opened via the control device, allowing the dust-laden gas to flow into the corresponding filtration device through the opened valve. The large flow rate and high velocity of the dust-laden gas remove solid particles adhering to the inner wall of the filtration device, thus regenerating the filtration device. This filtration system enables continuous dust-laden gas filtration and filtration device regeneration, and has the advantage of simple operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the filtration system in this invention;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point I in the middle.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0019] 10-Shell; 11-Gas inlet; 12-Gas outlet; 13-Solid particle outlet; 20-Filter device; 21-Filter element; 30-Valve; 40-Upper tube sheet; 50-Lower tube sheet; 60-Connection structure. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the reference appendix. Figure 1 The directions shown. "Inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer parts relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, one aspect of the present invention provides a filtration system, which includes a filter and a control device. The housing 10 of the filter has a gas inlet 11, a gas outlet 12, and a solid particle outlet 13. Multiple filter devices 20 are arranged in parallel inside the housing 10. A valve 30 corresponding to a filter device 20 is provided between the filter device 20 and the gas inlet 11. The control device is configured to control at least one of the valves 30 to open and the rest of the valves 30 to close, so that the dust-laden gas entering from the gas inlet 11 flows into the corresponding filter device 20 only through the opened valve 30.

[0023] The number of valves 30 is equal to the number of filter devices 20, and when a valve 30 is opened, dust-laden gas can enter the filter device 20 uniquely located below that valve 30. Specifically, refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 When filtering dust-laden gas, this filtration system allows all valves 30 to be opened via a control device. The dust-laden gas enters the housing 10 through the gas inlet 11 and then flows through the opened valves 30 into the filter device 20, thus filtering the gas. It is understood that the flow rate of the dust-laden gas within the filter device 20 does not change significantly during filtration. Furthermore, valves 30 can be flow regulating valves.

[0024] When the filtration system has been operating for a period of time and the filter device 20 needs to be regenerated, several valves 30 can be closed and at least one valve 30 can be opened by the control device. At this time, the flow rate of dust-laden gas in the filter device 20 corresponding to the opened valve 30 increases, and the gas velocity accelerates. Through the gas turbulence, the solid particles attached to the inner wall of the filter device 20 are washed away. The attached solid particles are carried downward by the dust-laden gas flow and exit from the bottom of the filter device 20. Most of them are discharged through the solid particle outlet 13, and a small portion enters the filter device 20 whose valve 30 is not opened through the porous filter layer described below. This filtration system can realize continuous dust-laden gas filtration and filter device regeneration, and has the advantage of simple operation.

[0025] Furthermore, during the regeneration operation of the filter device 20, the control device can also control the closing time of the valves 30. In one embodiment, during the regeneration operation, the control device controls several valves 30 to close rapidly, and at least one valve 30 to open, for a period of 2 seconds, before controlling the closed valves 30 to open again. The number of valves 30 that are opened can be one or more, as long as it ensures that the flow rate of the dust-laden gas passing through the filter device 20 corresponding to the opened valve 30 is sufficient to remove the solid particles adhering to the inner wall surface of the filter device 20.

[0026] Furthermore, each of the filter devices 20 corresponds to one of the valves 30 and each includes a plurality of filter elements 21 arranged in parallel, each filter element 21 having a porous filter layer. Specifically, the filter device 20 can filter dust-laden gas into solid particles and clean gas through the porous filter layer. During the dust-laden gas filtration process, some solid particles are physically blocked by the porous filter layer and adhere to the inner surface of the filter element 21, while other solid particles are discharged from the bottom of the filter element 21. Clean gas is discharged from the porous filter layer of the filter element 21 due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element 21.

[0027] In one embodiment, when the valve 30 is fully open, the apparent air velocity on the inner wall of the filter element 21 is 0.5 m / s to 3.0 m / s, and the pore size of the porous filter layer is 1 micrometer to 12 micrometers.

[0028] In addition, refer to Figure 1 The filtration system includes an upper tube sheet 40 and a lower tube sheet 50. Both ends of the filter device 20 are sealed to the inner wall of the housing 10 via the upper tube sheet 40 and the lower tube sheet 50, respectively. The gas outlet 12 is located in the portion of the housing 10 between the upper tube sheet 40 and the lower tube sheet 50. It is understood that, to ensure the filtration effect of the dust-laden gas, the filter device 20 is also sealed to both the upper tube sheet 40 and the lower tube sheet 50.

[0029] Furthermore, a connecting structure 60 is provided between the filter device 20 and the valve 30. One end of the connecting structure 60 is sealed to the outlet of the valve 30, and the other end is sealed to the upper surface of the upper tube sheet 40. It can be understood that the connecting structure 60 is located between the filter device 20 and the corresponding valve 30.

[0030] In one embodiment, the gas inlet 11 is equipped with a control valve capable of adjusting the flow rate of dust-laden gas flowing into the housing 10. In this embodiment, the control valve serves as a backup solution in case the valve 30 fails. By adjusting the opening of the control valve, the flow rate of dust-laden gas entering the filter device 20 is changed, thereby achieving regeneration of the filter device 20 or filtration of the dust-laden gas. It is understood that in this embodiment, the filtration system may also exclude the valve 30.

[0031] In one embodiment, the gas inlet 11 is connected via a pipeline to an air compressor for inputting the dust-laden gas into the housing 10, and the air compressor is configured to regulate the flow rate of the dust-laden gas. In this embodiment, the air compressor is a variable frequency air compressor, which can serve as a backup solution in case the valve 30 fails. By adjusting the motor speed of the air compressor, the flow rate of the dust-laden gas entering the filter device 20 is changed, thereby achieving regeneration of the filter device 20 or filtration of the dust-laden gas. It is understood that in this embodiment, the filtration system may also exclude the valve 30.

[0032] A second aspect of the present invention provides a filtration system comprising a filter and a control device. The filter includes a plurality of parallelly arranged filter elements 20 and a main pipe for conveying dust-laden gas. The main pipe is connected to the filter elements 20 via branch pipes, and valves 30 are provided on the branch pipes. Each filter element 20 includes a plurality of filter elements 21 with porous filter layers. The dust-laden gas can enter the filter elements 21 within the filter element 20 through the valves 30 and be separated into solid particles and clean gas by the filter elements 21. The clean gas is discharged through the porous filter layers, and the solid particles are discharged from the solid particle outlet of the filter element 20. The control device is configured to control at least one valve 30 to open and the remaining valves 30 to close, so that the dust-laden gas conveyed by the main pipe flows into the corresponding filter element 20 only through the opened valve 30. The main pipe is connected to the air inlet of the filter element 20 via branch pipes, and the solid particle outlet is located at the other end of the filter element 20 opposite to the air inlet. Understandably, in this embodiment, the main pipe and the branch pipe are sealed to the air inlet of the filter device 20, allowing dust-laden gas to enter the filter device 20 through the main pipe and the branch pipe. This filtration system also enables continuous filtration of dust-laden gas and regeneration of the filter device, and has the advantage of simple operation.

[0033] A third aspect of the present invention provides a coal gasification apparatus, which includes the aforementioned filtration system. Specifically, the coal gasification apparatus may include a gas storage chamber and an air compressor. One end of the gas storage chamber is connected to a dust-laden gas source, and the other end is connected to the air compressor via a pipeline. The air compressor is connected via a pipeline to the gas inlet 11 of the filtration system or the main pipe. The gas storage chamber is used to store the dust-laden gas to be filtered, and the air compressor is used to deliver the dust-laden gas. This coal gasification apparatus has the same advantages over the prior art as the aforementioned filtration system, and will not be repeated here.

[0034] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including combinations of various specific technical features in any suitable manner. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A filtration system, characterized by, The filter system comprises a filter and a control device, the filter has a shell (10) with a gas inlet (11), a gas outlet (12) and a solid particle outlet (13), and a plurality of filter devices (20) are arranged in parallel inside the shell (10), a valve (30) corresponding to the filter device (20) is arranged between the filter device (20) and the gas inlet (11), and the control device is arranged to control at least one valve (30) to be opened and the remaining valves (30) to be closed, so that the dust-containing gas entering from the gas inlet (11) only flows into the corresponding filter device (20) through the opened valve (30), Wherein, an upper tube plate (40) and a lower tube plate (50) are arranged in the filter system, both ends of the filter device (20) are sealingly connected to the inner wall of the shell (10) through the upper tube plate (40) and the lower tube plate (50), the gas outlet (12) is arranged on the part of the shell (10) between the upper tube plate (40) and the lower tube plate (50), and a connecting structure (60) is arranged between the filter device (20) and the valve (30), one end of the connecting structure (60) is sealingly connected to the outlet of the valve (30), and the other end is sealingly connected to the upper surface of the upper tube plate (40).

2. The filtration system of claim 1, wherein, Each filter device (20) corresponds to one valve (30) and comprises a plurality of filter elements (21) arranged in parallel, and a porous filter layer is arranged on the filter element (21).

3. The filtration system of claim 2, wherein, When all the valves (30) are opened, the apparent gas velocity of the inner wall of the filter element (21) is 0.5-3.0 m / s, and / or the pore size of the porous filter layer is 1-12 microns.

4. The filtration system of claim 1, wherein, The valve (30) is a flow regulating valve.

5. The filtration system of claim 1, wherein, A control valve is arranged on the gas inlet (11) to adjust the flow of dust-containing gas flowing into the shell (10).

6. The filtration system of claim 1, wherein, The gas inlet (11) is connected to an air compressor for inputting the dust-containing gas into the shell (10) through a pipeline, and the air compressor is arranged to adjust the flow of the dust-containing gas.

7. A filtration system characterized by, The filter system comprises a filter and a control device, the filter comprises a plurality of parallel arranged filter devices (20) and a main pipe for conveying dust-containing gas, the main pipe is communicated with the filter devices (20) through branch pipes, and valves (30) are arranged on the branch pipes, the filter devices (20) comprise a plurality of filter elements (21) with porous filter layers, the dust-containing gas can enter the filter elements (21) in the filter devices (20) through the valves (30) and be separated into solid particles and clean gas by the filter elements (21), the clean gas is discharged through the porous filter layers, and the solid particles are discharged from solid particle outlets of the filter devices (20), the control device is arranged to be capable of controlling at least one valve (30) to be opened and the remaining valves (30) to be closed, so that the dust-containing gas conveyed by the main pipe only flows into the corresponding filter devices (20) through the opened valves (30).

8. A coal gasification apparatus characterized by comprising: The coal gasification device comprises the filter system according to any one of claims 1-7.

Images