A production process of punch-shear folding blade

Abstract

The application discloses a production process of a punching, shearing and folding blade and a forming equipment using the blade, designs a punching, shearing and folding blade which can be processed into a predetermined sheet metal part through one-time punching, shearing and folding, and a forming equipment, and simultaneously proposes a process for manufacturing the blade, forms an anti-cracking and wear-resistant alloy layer on the surface of a blank through laser cladding of pre-alloyed powder material after shot blasting of the blank, prevents the blade from being broken and being easy to wear, and ensures the service life of the punching, shearing and folding blade and the precision of a formed plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of alloy cutting tool production and forming equipment technology, specifically to a production process for punching, shearing, and folding blades and forming equipment for using blades produced by this process. Background Technology

[0002] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, there is a sheet metal part with two sets of fins arranged in an alternating pattern. In the past, traditional production technology required first making staggered cuts on the sheet metal while ensuring that the cut ends remained connected to the sheet metal body (without cutting it off). Then, the next step was to stamp and stretch the cut fins to the designed length. Finally, the two sets of fins were bent to form the shape. The entire processing procedure was long and required three positioning processes. The accuracy of each positioning could not avoid positioning deviations, resulting in high processing errors of the fins and poor product consistency. Therefore, there is a need for a cutting tool that can complete the one-time forming process of this type of sheet metal part.

[0003] At the same time, the inventors also discovered through practice that existing (punching, shearing, and bending) blades are prone to severe wear at certain specific locations of the fins during processing (such as...). Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the shear blade is prone to chipping at the cut, so a new type of cutting tool material is needed that can be used for a long time to form sheet metal parts by punching, shearing and bending in one piece. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Therefore, it proposes a manufacturing process for punching, shearing, and bending blades and a forming device for blades produced by this process. It also designs a device and forming equipment capable of forming predetermined sheet metal parts in a single punching, shearing, and bending process. Furthermore, it proposes a manufacturing process for the blades, which involves shot blasting the blank to dislocations and then laser cladding pre-alloyed powder material to form a crack-resistant and wear-resistant alloy layer on the blank surface. This prevents the blades from chipping and easily wearing out, ensuring the service life of the punching, shearing, and bending blades and the precision of the formed sheet metal.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A manufacturing process for a punching and shearing blade, the punching and shearing blade comprising: a blade body, on which two symmetrically arranged cutting edges are provided, and a forming area is formed between the tops of the two cutting edges;

[0007] The production steps for punching and shearing blades are as follows:

[0008] 1) Rough milling: Select high carbon and high chromium cold work die steel, and mill the forming area to be machined by the cutting tool. The forming area is milled to be 1-2 mm smaller than the final size of the forming area.

[0009] 2) Shot blasting and impurity removal: Quartz sand is selected as the shot and wet blasting is used for 40 minutes. After shot blasting, the surface changes from the initial bright color to the matte color, and the surface has obvious shot marks without obvious roughness. The surface oxide film and stains are cleaned.

[0010] 3) Laser cladding: Prepare pre-alloyed powder for cladding. The chemical composition and mass percentage of the pre-alloyed powder are as follows: 20-22% Cr, 12-14% Mo, 4.0-6.9% Fe, 1.0-1.5% Si, 0.35-0.48% C, 0.8-2% V, 2-4% Nb, 0.8-4% Ti, 0.8-1.4% B, 1.8-3.6% B4C, with the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities. Among these, 0.65≤(B4C+B) / (Fe+Ti)+B / (Cr+Ti)≤0.81, 0.35≤(B4C+C) / (Ti+V+Nb)≤0.62, and the particle size is 80-170 μm.

[0011] 4) Grinding: Precision grinding of the cutting tool's forming area to the final required size;

[0012] 5) Post-inspection: Perform dye penetrant testing and ultrasonic testing on the precision-ground blades to ensure that the blades are free of defects such as cracks and pores.

[0013] Shot blasting increases the number of vacancies and dislocations in the material's internal microstructure, causing lattice distortion of surrounding iron atoms and forming numerous small dislocation loops. The expansion of these loops and the reaction with dislocations generate a large number of dislocations, which facilitates the adsorption and diffusion of boron atoms, enhancing the boronizing effect and increasing surface hardness. Laser cladding is then used to clad wear-resistant and crack-resistant pre-alloyed materials containing B, Cr, Mo, Nb, and Ti onto the dislocation- and lattice-distorted cutting tools. Due to the severe dislocations and lattice distortions on the cutting tools, the boronizing effect is enhanced. The infiltrated boron reacts with Fe and Cr within the billet to form FeB, Fe2B, and CrB reinforcing phases. The enhanced dislocation effect within the shot-blasted surface of the billet creates an anchoring structure between the boron-clad alloy layer and the billet, improving the interlayer bonding and preventing delamination caused by cladding. This also eliminates delamination caused by material differences. Furthermore, the introduction of Cr and Mo elements enhances the wear resistance of the alloy layer. By rationally introducing V, Nb, and Ti under the condition of 0.35≤(B4C+C) / (Ti+V+Nb)≤0.62, Ti can also form insoluble carbide particles with Fe and C, which accumulate at the grain boundaries of steel, preventing grain coarsening. Ti can also dissolve into the γ and α phases to form solid solutions, resulting in a strengthening effect on the steel. This optimizes V precipitation and refines ferrite grains, fully utilizing the effects of grain refinement strengthening and precipitation strengthening, significantly improving the strength and toughness of the steel. Nb can form interstitial phases such as NbC or NbN in steel. During recrystallization, NbC and NbN significantly increase the recrystallization time due to their pinning of dislocations and inhibition of subgrain boundary migration, resulting in a more uniform distribution of subsequent TiB2 whiskers and improved crack resistance of TiB2 whiskers within the alloy layer. The elements Ti, Fe, and Cr are introduced in a ratio of 0.65 ≤ (B₄C + B) / (Fe + Ti) + B / (Cr + Ti) ≤ 0.81, allowing them to form crystalline phases with B. The density of TiB₂ whiskers (4.5) is significantly lower than that of liquid iron-based metals (7.32), Fe₂B (7.30), and FeB (7.15). During crystallization, TiB₂ whiskers float to the surface, creating a gradient distribution in the depth direction of the cladding layer. This gradient distribution of TiB₂ whiskers enhances the crack resistance of the alloy layer and reduces the probability of chipping and cracking in the cutting tool. The introduction of these elements effectively improves the plasticity, strength, crack resistance, and wear resistance of the alloy material.

[0014] Based on the above embodiments, the following improvements are made: the cutting edge includes cutting edge one, cutting edge two, and cutting edge three, with cutting edge two and cutting edge three located on both sides of cutting edge one, respectively;

[0015] Cutting edge one is a cutting edge with a horizontal structure, an arched structure, or a concave structure; cutting edge two and cutting edge three are both cutting edge with an inclined structure, an arched structure, or a concave structure.

[0016] The cutting angles two and three are symmetrically distributed in the longitudinal vertical plane;

[0017] The forming area is a protruding structure and includes forming surface one, forming surface two and forming surface three. Forming surface one is located between forming surface two and forming surface three, and forming surface one has an inward structure on the side closer to forming surface two. The bottom of the blade body has mounting slots on both sides, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the blade body.

[0018] Based on the above embodiments, the following improvements are made: the chemical composition and mass percentage of the pre-alloyed powder are as follows: 20-22% Cr, 12-14% Mo, 4.0-6.9% Fe, 1.0-1.5% Si, 0.35-0.48% C, 0.8-2% V, 2-4% Nb, 0.8-4% Ti, 0.8-1.4% B, 1.8-3.6% B4C, with the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities.

[0019] 0.70≤(B4C+B) / (Fe+Ti)+B / (Cr+Ti)≤0.79, 0.41≤(B4C+C) / (Ti+V+Nb)≤0.59.

[0020] Based on the above embodiments, the following improvements are made: the pre-alloyed powder can be replaced by 70-75% A alloy powder and 25-30% B alloy powder, wherein the chemical composition and mass percentage of the A alloy powder are as follows: 30-35% Ti, 0.05% > C, 8.0% > Al, 4.50% ≥ Si, with the balance being Fe, and the B alloy powder is B4C powder.

[0021] Based on the above embodiments, the following improvements are made: the cladding process parameters are: rectangular spot size 2×(3~5)mm, laser power 2.8kW, scanning speed 4~8mm / s, powder feeding rate 60~80g / min, and overlap rate 35%~50%.

[0022] A molding device includes a frame, on which a fixed module and a movable module are mounted. Each fixed module and movable module is equipped with a corresponding blade assembly and a limiting plate. The blade assembly includes several sets of equally spaced blades fixedly mounted on the fixed module or movable module. The blades are manufactured using the process described above. The projection of the blade assemblies on the fixed module and movable module onto the horizontal plane is a socket arrangement. Each limiting plate is provided with a clearance hole corresponding to the position of the blade assembly. Each limiting plate is respectively mounted on the fixed module and movable module via a flexible component.

[0023] Based on the above embodiments, the following improvements are made: the blade assembly further includes a clamping plate for fixing the blade to the fixed module or the movable module. The clamping plate is fixed to the fixed module or the movable module by bolts, and a limit area is provided on the clamping plate.

[0024] Based on the above embodiments, the following improvements are made: the flexible component includes a bolt that freely penetrates the limiting plate and a flexible rubber pad installed inside the limiting area, with both ends of the flexible rubber pad abutting against the limiting plate and the fixed module or the movable module, respectively.

[0025] Based on the above embodiments, the following improvements are made: a guide post is installed on the fixed module, a guide sleeve adapted to the guide post is installed on the movable module, and the power source of the movable module is provided by a hydraulic cylinder. The movable module moves up and down relative to the frame under the action of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This application's solution uses two cutting edges to cut the sheet metal, then punches and folds a pair of fins in the forming area, greatly improving production efficiency. Only one positioning step is needed to complete the process, avoiding the processing errors associated with traditional three-step processing. Simultaneously, a combination of flexible components and limiting plates is used to limit the position during punching, shearing, and folding of the fins, preventing deviation and ensuring processing accuracy. Furthermore, the blades work together to form two sets of fins arranged in a crisscross pattern, resulting in high processing quality and excellent performance. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the blade of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of the blade of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a front view of the overall structure of the molding equipment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point AA;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the area at FF;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at EE;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping plate of the forming equipment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the flexible components and the limiting plate of the molding equipment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the target sheet metal part;

[0037] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of the middle fin.

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 10. Blade body; 11. Cutting edge angle; 111. Cutting edge angle one; 112. Cutting edge angle two; 113. Cutting edge angle three; 12. Forming area one; 121. Forming surface one; 122. Forming surface two; 123. Forming surface three; 124. Inward structure; 13. Mounting slot; 14. Through hole; 15. Clamping plate; 16. Flexible rubber pad; 17. Bolt;

[0040] 20. Fixed module; 21. Guide column;

[0041] 30. Activity module; 31. Guide sleeve;

[0042] 40. Limit plate. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0044] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0045] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 2As shown, a punching and folding blade includes a blade body 10. The blade body 10 has two symmetrically arranged cutting edges 11, with a forming area 12 surrounding the tops of the two cutting edges 11. Each cutting edge 11 includes a first cutting edge 111, a second cutting edge 112, and a third cutting edge 113, located on either side of the first cutting edge 111. The first cutting edge 111 is a horizontal, arched, or concave cutting edge, preferably horizontal. The second cutting edge 112 and the third cutting edge 113 are both inclined, arched, or concave cutting edges, preferably inclined. The second cutting edge 112 and the third cutting edge 113 are symmetrically distributed in a longitudinal vertical plane. The forming area 12 is a protruding structure and includes forming surface 121, forming surface 122, and forming surface 123. Forming surface 121 is located between forming surface 122 and forming surface 123, and an inward structure 124 is provided on the side of forming surface 121 closest to forming surface 122. The two sides of the fin are stamped and bent by forming surface 122 and forming surface 123, and the middle part of the fin is stamped and bent by forming surface 121 in the middle. The bottom of the blade body 10 is provided with mounting slots 13 on both sides, and a through hole 14 is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the blade body 10. The mounting slots 13 at the bottom of the blade body 10 are used to install clamping plates 15. The clamping plates restrict the forward and backward deflection of the blade body 10. The inserting rods inside the through hole 14 separate adjacent blade bodies 10 with partitions, and the blade bodies 10 in the same group are assembled into a group.

[0046] The production steps for punching and shearing blades are as follows:

[0047] 1) Rough milling: Select high carbon and high chromium cold work die steel, and mill the forming area to be machined by the cutting tool. The forming area is milled to be 1-2 mm smaller than the final size of the forming area.

[0048] 2) Shot blasting and impurity removal: Quartz sand is selected as the shot and wet blasting is used for 40 minutes. After shot blasting, the surface changes from the initial bright color to the matte color, and the surface has obvious shot marks without obvious roughness. The surface oxide film and stains are cleaned.

[0049] 3) Laser cladding: Prepare pre-alloyed powder for cladding. The chemical composition and mass percentage of the pre-alloyed powder are as follows: 28% Cr, 14% Mo, 6.9% Fe, 1.5% Si, 0.48% C, 2% V, 4% Nb, 4% Ti, 1.4% B, 3.6% B4C, with the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities, satisfying the following:

[0050] 0.65≤(B4C+B) / (Fe+Ti)+B / (Cr+Ti)≤0.81, 0.35≤(B4C+C) / (Ti+V+Nb)≤0.62, particle size is 80~170μm;

[0051] The cladding process parameters are as follows: rectangular spot size 2×(3~5)mm, laser power 2.8kW, scanning speed 4~8mm / s, powder feeding rate 60~80g / min, and overlap rate 35%~50%.

[0052] 4) Grinding: Precision grinding of the cutting tool's forming area to the final required size;

[0053] 5) Post-inspection: Perform dye penetrant testing and ultrasonic testing on the precision-ground blades to ensure that the blades are free of defects such as cracks and pores.

[0054] Shot blasting increases the number of vacancies and dislocations in the material's internal microstructure, causing lattice distortion of surrounding iron atoms and forming numerous small dislocation loops. The expansion of these loops and the reaction with dislocations generate a large number of dislocations, which facilitates the adsorption and diffusion of boron atoms, enhancing the boronizing effect and increasing surface hardness. Laser cladding is then used to clad wear-resistant and crack-resistant pre-alloyed materials containing B, Cr, Mo, Nb, and Ti onto the dislocation- and lattice-distorted cutting tools. Due to the severe dislocations and lattice distortions on the cutting tools, the boronizing effect is enhanced. The infiltrated boron and Fe and Cr within the billet form FeB, Fe2B, and CrB reinforcing phases. The enhanced dislocation effect within the shot-blasted surface of the billet creates an anchoring structure between the alloy layer and the billet after boronizing, increasing the anchoring force and improving the interlayer bonding between the alloy layer and the billet. This prevents delamination and peeling caused by cladding and eliminates delamination due to material differences. Simultaneously, the introduction of Cr and Mo elements enhances the wear resistance of the alloy layer. By rationally introducing V, Nb, and Ti under the condition of 0.35≤(B4C+C) / (Ti+V+Nb)≤0.62, Ti can also form insoluble carbide particles with Fe and C, which accumulate at the grain boundaries of steel, preventing grain coarsening. Ti can also dissolve into the γ and α phases to form solid solutions, resulting in a strengthening effect on the steel. This optimizes V precipitation and refines ferrite grains, fully utilizing the effects of grain refinement strengthening and precipitation strengthening, significantly improving the strength and toughness of the steel. Nb can form interstitial phases such as NbC or NbN in steel. During recrystallization, NbC and NbN significantly increase the recrystallization time due to their pinning of dislocations and inhibition of subgrain boundary migration, resulting in a more uniform distribution of subsequent TiB2 whiskers and improved crack resistance of TiB2 whiskers within the alloy layer. The elements Ti, Fe, and Cr are introduced in a manner that allows them to form crystalline phases with B, with a ratio of 0.65 ≤ (B₄C + B) / (Fe + Ti) + B / (Cr + Ti) ≤ 0.81. The density of TiB₂ whiskers (4.5) is significantly lower than that of liquid iron-based metals (7.32), Fe₂B (7.30), and FeB (7.15). During crystallization, TiB₂ whiskers float to the surface, creating a gradient distribution in the depth direction of the cladding layer. This gradient distribution of TiB₂ whiskers enhances the crack resistance of the alloy layer and reduces the probability of chipping and cracking in the cutting tool. The resulting composite structure consists of a eutectic structure composed of TiB₂ whiskers, Fe₂B, and FeB martensite and austenite. The introduction of these elements effectively improves the plasticity, hardness, crack resistance, and wear resistance of the alloy material.

[0055] Example 2: The production steps of the punching and shearing blade are as follows:

[0056] 1) Rough milling: Select high carbon and high chromium cold work die steel, and mill the forming area to be machined by the cutting tool. The forming area is milled to be 1-2 mm smaller than the final size of the forming area.

[0057] 2) Shot blasting and impurity removal: Quartz sand is selected as the shot and wet blasting is used for 40 minutes. After shot blasting, the surface changes from the initial bright color to the matte color, and the surface has obvious shot marks without obvious roughness. The surface oxide film and stains are cleaned.

[0058] 3) Laser cladding: Prepare pre-alloyed powder for cladding. The chemical composition and mass percentage of the pre-alloyed powder are as follows: 22% Cr, 12% Mo, 4.0% Fe, 1.0% Si, 0.35% C, 0.8% V, 2% Nb, 0.8% Ti, 0.8% B, 1.8% B4C, with the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities.

[0059] 0.65≤(B4C+B) / (Fe+Ti)+B / (Cr+Ti)≤0.81, 0.35≤(B4C+C) / (Ti+V+Nb)≤0.62, particle size is 80~170μm;

[0060] 4) Grinding: Precision grinding of the cutting tool's forming area to the final required size;

[0061] 5) Post-inspection: Perform dye penetrant testing and ultrasonic testing on the precision-ground blades to ensure that the blades are free of defects such as cracks and pores.

[0062] Example 3: The production steps of the punching and shearing blade are as follows:

[0063] 1) Rough milling: Select high carbon and high chromium cold work die steel, and mill the forming area to be machined by the cutting tool. The forming area is milled to be 1-2 mm smaller than the final size of the forming area.

[0064] 2) Shot blasting and impurity removal: Quartz sand is selected as the shot and wet blasting is used for 40 minutes. After shot blasting, the surface changes from the initial bright color to the matte color, and the surface has obvious shot marks without obvious roughness. The surface oxide film and stains are cleaned.

[0065] 3) Laser cladding: Prepare pre-alloyed powder for cladding. The chemical composition and mass percentage of the pre-alloyed powder are as follows: 22% Cr, 13% Mo, 5.1% Fe, 1.1% Si, 0.48% C, 1.8% V, 2.8% Nb, 1.1% Ti, 1.4% B, 1.8% B4C, with the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities.

[0066] 0.65≤(B4C+B) / (Fe+Ti)+B / (Cr+Ti)≤0.81, 0.35≤(B4C+C) / (Ti+V+Nb)≤0.62, particle size is 80~170μm;

[0067] 4) Grinding: Precision grinding of the cutting tool's forming area to the final required size;

[0068] 5) Post-inspection: Perform dye penetrant testing and ultrasonic testing on the precision-ground blades to ensure that the blades are free of defects such as cracks and pores.

[0069] Example 4: The production steps of the punching and shearing blade are as follows:

[0070] 1) Rough milling: Select high carbon and high chromium cold work die steel, and mill the forming area to be machined by the cutting tool. The forming area is milled to be 1-2 mm smaller than the final size of the forming area.

[0071] 2) Shot blasting and impurity removal: Quartz sand is selected as the shot and wet blasting is used for 40 minutes. After shot blasting, the surface changes from the initial bright color to the matte color, and the surface has obvious shot marks without obvious roughness. The surface oxide film and stains are cleaned.

[0072] 3) Laser cladding: Prepare pre-alloyed powder for cladding. The pre-alloyed powder can be replaced by 75% A alloy powder and 30% B alloy powder. The chemical composition and mass percentage of the A alloy powder are as follows: 33% Ti, 0.12% C, 9.0% Al, 4.50% Si, with the balance being Fe, and a particle size of 150 μm. The B alloy powder is B4C powder with a particle size of 50 μm.

[0073] 4) Grinding: Precision grinding of the cutting tool's forming area to the final required size;

[0074] 5) Post-inspection: Perform dye penetrant testing and ultrasonic testing on the precision-ground blades to ensure that the blades are free of defects such as cracks and pores.

[0075] Wear resistance: The blades obtained in each embodiment and the comparative material were taken with the same mass and shape, punched and sheared at the same rate, and the same number of plates of the same material and thickness were taken. After washing the surface with overflow, vacuum freeze-drying was performed and the plates were weighed. The wear rate was recorded as (original weight - current weight) / original weight.

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] Comparative Example 1: The production steps for punching and shearing blades are as follows:

[0079] 1) Rough milling: Select high carbon and high chromium cold work die steel, and mill the forming area to be machined by the cutting tool. The forming area is milled to be 1-2 mm smaller than the final size of the forming area.

[0080] 2) Cleaning: Remove surface oxide film and stains;

[0081] 3) Laser cladding: Prepare pre-alloyed powder for cladding. The chemical composition and mass percentage of the pre-alloyed powder are as follows: 20% Cr, 12% Mo, 4.0% Fe, 1.0% Si, 0.35% C, 0.8% V, 2% Nb, 0.8% Ti, 0.8% B, 1.8% B4C, with the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities.

[0082] 0.65≤(B4C+B) / (Fe+Ti)+B / (Cr+Ti)≤0.81, 0.35≤(B4C+C) / (Ti+V+Nb)≤0.62, particle size is 80~170μm;

[0083] 4) Grinding: Precision grinding of the cutting tool's forming area to the final required size;

[0084] 5) Post-inspection: Perform dye penetrant testing and ultrasonic testing on the precision-ground blades to ensure that the blades are free of defects such as cracks and pores.

[0085] Comparative Example 2: The production steps of the punching and shearing blade are as follows:

[0086] 1) Rough milling: Select high carbon and high chromium cold work die steel, and mill the forming area to be machined by the cutting tool. The forming area is milled to be 1-2 mm smaller than the final size of the forming area.

[0087] 2) Shot blasting and impurity removal: Quartz sand is selected as the shot and wet blasting is used for 40 minutes. After shot blasting, the surface changes from the initial bright color to the matte color, and the surface has obvious shot marks without obvious roughness. The surface oxide film and stains are cleaned.

[0088] 3) Laser cladding: Prepare pre-alloyed powder for cladding, 20% Cr, 12% Mo, 4.0% Fe, 1.0% Si, 0.35% C, 0.8% B, with the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities;

[0089] 4) Grinding: Precision grinding of the cutting tool's forming area to the final required size;

[0090] 5) Post-inspection: Perform dye penetrant testing and ultrasonic testing on the precision-ground blades to ensure that the blades are free of defects such as cracks and pores.

[0091] Comparative Example 3: The production steps of the punching and shearing blade are as follows:

[0092] 1) Rough milling: Select high carbon and high chromium cold work die steel, and mill the forming area to be machined by the cutting tool. The forming area is milled to be 1-2 mm smaller than the final size of the forming area.

[0093] 2) Cleaning: Remove surface oxide film and stains;

[0094] 3) Laser cladding: Prepare pre-alloyed powder for cladding. The chemical composition and mass percentage of the pre-alloyed powder are as follows: 12% Mo, 4.0% Fe, 1.0% Si, 0.35% C, 0.8% V, 2% Nb, with the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities.

[0095] 4) Grinding: Precision grinding of the cutting tool's forming area to the final required size;

[0096] 5) Post-inspection: Perform dye penetrant testing and ultrasonic testing on the precision-ground blades to ensure that the blades are free of defects such as cracks and pores.

[0097] Comparative Example 4: The production steps of the punching and shearing blade are as follows:

[0098] 1) Rough milling: Select high carbon and high chromium cold work die steel, and mill the forming area to be machined by the cutting tool. The forming area is milled to be 1-2 mm smaller than the final size of the forming area.

[0099] 2) Shot blasting and impurity removal: Quartz sand is selected as the shot and wet blasting is used for 40 minutes. After shot blasting, the surface changes from the initial bright color to the matte color, and the surface has obvious shot marks without obvious roughness. The surface oxide film and stains are cleaned.

[0100] 3) Laser cladding: Prepare pre-alloyed powder for cladding. The pre-alloyed powder is B4C powder with a particle size of 50μm;

[0101] 4) Grinding: Precision grinding of the cutting tool's forming area to the final required size;

[0102] 5) Post-inspection: Perform dye penetrant testing and ultrasonic testing on the precision-ground blades to ensure that the blades are free of defects such as cracks and pores.

[0103] The table below presents the performance analysis results of laser cladding temperature, wear rate, hardness, and corrosion rate of the alloy cutting tools used in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.

[0104] category Temperature (°C) Wear rate / % Hardness / HV0.3 Corrosion rate / % Example 1 1730 0.06 1158 0.05 Example 2 1740 0.06 1151 0.05 Example 3 1760 0.07 1156 0.04 Example 4 2250 0.17 936 0.14 Comparative Example 1 1760 0.29 687 0.33 Comparative Example 2 1773 0.18 942 0.17 Comparative Example 3 1778 0.32 761 0.33 Comparative Example 4 2450 0.29 876 0.31

[0105] Example 5, a molding device, such as Figures 3 to 9As shown, the system includes a frame, on which a fixed module 20 and a movable module 30 are mounted. Each fixed module 20 and movable module 30 is equipped with a corresponding blade assembly and a limiting plate 40. The blade assembly comprises several groups of equally spaced blades fixedly mounted on the fixed module 20 or movable module 30. The blades are as described in claim 6. The projection of the blade assemblies on the fixed module 20 and movable module 30 onto the horizontal plane is a socket-type arrangement. Each limiting plate 40 is provided with clearance holes corresponding to the positions of the blade assemblies. The clearance holes facilitate the punching, shearing, and bending of sheet metal parts by the upper and lower blade assemblies. Each limiting plate 40 is mounted on the fixed module 20 and movable module 30 respectively via flexible components. During punching, shearing, and bending, the limiting plate 40 can clamp the sheet metal from both above and below, preventing sheet metal displacement and ensuring forming quality.

[0106] The blade assembly also includes a clamping plate 15 for fixing the blades to the fixed module 20 or the movable module 30. The clamping plate 15 is fixed to the fixed module 20 or the movable module 30 by bolts, and a limiting area 18 is provided on the clamping plate 15. The clamping plate 15 can also be used to limit the top or bottom of the flexible component when installing the blades.

[0107] The flexible component includes bolts 17 that freely pass through the limiting plate 40 and flexible rubber pads 16 installed inside the limiting area 18. The two ends of the flexible rubber pads 16 abut against the limiting plate 40 and the fixed module 20 or the movable module 30, respectively. The limiting plate 40 and the corresponding module are connected by bolts 17, and the limiting plate 40 and the module are flexibly installed together by the flexible rubber pads 16.

[0108] The fixed module 20 is equipped with a guide column 21, and the movable module 30 is equipped with a guide sleeve 31 that is compatible with the guide column 21. The power source of the movable module 30 is provided by a hydraulic cylinder, and the movable module 30 moves up and down relative to the frame under the action of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0109] When processing the sheet metal, after positioning the sheet metal, the moving module 30 is moved down by the hydraulic cylinder. The two limiting plates 40 will first contact and press the sheet metal tightly and gradually compress and deform the flexible rubber pad 16. Then, the blade group punches, shears and folds the sheet metal through the clearance hole to form it in one piece. The forming area 12 forms two sets of fins arranged in a cross pattern.

[0110] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The substitutions may be replacements of some structures, devices, or method steps, or they may be complete technical solutions. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for the production of punch-shear folding blades, characterized in that, The punch shear folding blade comprises a blade body, and two symmetrical blade angles are arranged on the blade body, and a shaped area one is arranged between the top of the two blade angles; The production steps of the punch shear folding blade are as follows: 1) Rough milling: high-carbon high-chromium cold work die steel is selected, and the shaped area one to be machined of the blade is milled, and the shaped area one is milled to be less than the final size of the shaped area one by 1-2 mm; 2) Shot blasting and impurity removal: quartz sand is selected as the projectile, and wet spraying is adopted for 40 min, the surface of the blade after shot blasting is changed from the original bright color to the matt color, and the surface is obviously marked with the blasting marks, and the surface oxidation film and stains are cleaned; 3) Laser cladding: pre-alloyed powder is configured for cladding, the chemical composition and mass percentage of the pre-alloyed powder are as follows: 20-22% Cr, 12-14% Mo, 4.0-6.9% Fe, 1.0-1.5% Si, 0.35-0.48% C, 0.8-2% V, 2-4% Nb, 0.8-4% Ti, 0.8-1.4% B, 1.8-3.6% B4C, and the balance is Ni and inevitable impurities, wherein 0.65≤(B4C+B) / (Fe+Ti)+B / (Cr+Ti)≤0.81, 0.35≤(B4C+C) / (Ti+V+Nb)≤0.62, and the particle size is 80-170 μm; 4) Grinding: the shaped area one of the blade is ground to the final required size; 5) Post-detection: the colored detection and ultrasonic detection are carried out on the blade after grinding to ensure that the blade is free of cracks and pores.

2. A process for producing a punch-shear folding blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade angle comprises a blade angle one, a blade angle two and a blade angle three, and the blade angle two and the blade angle three are respectively located on the two sides of the blade angle one; The blade angle one is a blade angle with a horizontal structure, an arch structure or a concave structure, and the blade angle two and the blade angle three are blade angles with an inclined structure, an arch structure or a concave structure; The blade angle two and the blade angle three are symmetrically distributed in the vertical longitudinal plane; The shaped area one is a protruding structure and comprises a shaped surface one, a shaped surface two and a shaped surface three, the shaped surface one is located between the shaped surface two and the shaped surface three, and an inward structure is arranged on the side of the shaped surface one close to the shaped surface two; the bottom of the blade body is provided with mounting notches on both sides, and a through hole is arranged at the middle of the bottom end of the blade body.

3. A process for producing a punch-shear folding blade according to claim 1, wherein The chemical composition and mass percentage of the pre-alloyed powder are as follows: 20-22% Cr, 12-14% Mo, 4.0-6.9% Fe, 1.0-1.5% Si, 0.35-0.48% C, 0.8-2% V, 2-4% Nb, 0.8-4% Ti, 0.8-1.4% B, 1.8-3.6% B4C, and the balance is Ni and inevitable impurities, wherein: 0.70≤(B4C+B) / (Fe+Ti)+B / (Cr+Ti)≤0.79, 0.41≤(B4C+C) / (Ti+V+Nb)≤0.

59.

4. The process for producing a punch-shear folding blade according to claim 1, wherein The pre-alloyed powder can be replaced by 70-75% A alloy powder and 25-30% B alloy powder, wherein the chemical composition and mass percentage of the A alloy powder are as follows: 30-35% Ti, 0.05% C, 8.0% Al, 4.50% Si, and the balance is Fe, and the B alloy powder is B4C powder.

5. A process for the production of punched and sheared folding blades according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The cladding process parameters are: rectangular spot size 2x(3-5)mm, laser power 2.8kW, scanning speed 4-8mm / s, powder feeding rate 60-80g / min, and overlap rate 35%-50%.

6. A molding apparatus characterized by comprising: The machine frame is provided with a fixed module and a movable module, and each of the fixed module and the movable module is provided with a corresponding blade group and a limiting plate.

7. A forming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein The blade group further comprises a clamping plate for fixing the blades on the fixed module or the movable module, and the clamping plate is fixed on the fixed module or the movable module through bolts.

8. A forming apparatus according to claim 7, wherein The flexible assembly comprises bolts freely penetrating through the limiting plate and flexible rubber pads installed inside the limiting area, and the two ends of the flexible rubber pads abut against the limiting plate and the fixed module or the movable module respectively.

9. A forming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein The fixed module is provided with a guide column, the movable module is provided with a guide sleeve matched with the guide column, and the power source of the movable module is provided by an oil cylinder.

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