A high-efficiency rock breaking rotary-torsional impactor

Abstract

The application provides a high-efficiency rock breaking rotary impact device and relates to the technical field of oil drilling equipment. The high-efficiency rock breaking rotary impact device comprises an impact device shell and a drill bit connecting sleeve. One end of the impact device shell is rotationally connected with the drill bit connecting sleeve. An inner step is arranged inside the end of the impact device shell away from the drill bit connecting sleeve. An outer sleeve shell is fixedly connected to one side of the inner step away from the drill bit connecting sleeve. A tangential hole sleeve is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer sleeve shell. The tangential hole sleeve and the impeller cooperate with the rotating valve plate, the fixed valve plate, the impact sleeve and the hammer to generate a pressure difference on the hammer by using high-pressure drilling fluid, so that the hammer is forced to impact the corresponding impact block to generate a torsional power, which is transmitted to the drill bit through the impact sleeve to generate a periodic torsional vibration. The device does not need to be provided with too many parts, fully utilizes the pressure of the drilling fluid and improves the practicability of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil drilling equipment technology, specifically to a high-efficiency rock-breaking rotary impactor. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, my country's onshore oil and gas exploration and development is trending from east to west and towards deeper and ultra-deep wells. Simultaneously, offshore oil and gas exploration and development is gradually shifting from shallow and tidal flats to deep seas. As oil and gas exploration progresses into deeper strata and deep-sea areas, drilling operations face increasingly complex geological environments and drilling technology challenges, leading to continuously increasing exploration and extraction difficulties. During the drilling of deep and ultra-deep wells, with increasing depth, rock hardness and plasticity increase, abrasiveness intensifies, drillability deteriorates, and stick-slip vibration of the lower drill string becomes severe. This stick-slip vibration not only reduces the mechanical drilling rate but can also cause downhole accidents, seriously affecting oil and gas exploration and development. Torsional impact drilling, also known as torsional impactor drilling, is a new and efficient drilling technology developed to mitigate or even suppress stick-slip vibration of the lower drill string. Torsional impact drilling refers to a drilling technology that adds a torsional impact drilling tool above the PDC drill bit to provide periodic, low-amplitude, high-frequency torsional impacts to the drill bit, building upon conventional drilling. The periodic high-frequency impact generated by the impactor on the drill bit can significantly reduce or eliminate stick-slip vibration of the PDC drill bit. While increasing the mechanical drilling speed, it can also protect the drill bit, extend its life, reduce the number of trips in and out of the hole, and effectively reduce drilling costs.

[0003] Existing rotary impactors have a complex structure with numerous connections and moving parts, creating vulnerable and weak points that significantly reduce the lifespan of conventional hydraulic impactors. Furthermore, the presence of springs and other buffer energy storage devices, as well as intermediate structures like impact hammers, also reduces the impact energy of the impactor, affecting its impact efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-efficiency rock-breaking rotary impactor. It solves the problem that existing rotary impactors have complex structures with numerous connections and moving parts, creating vulnerable and weak points that significantly reduce the lifespan of conventional hydraulic impactors. Furthermore, the presence of springs and other buffer energy storage devices, as well as intermediate structures such as impact hammers, also reduces the impact energy of the impactor, affecting its impact efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency rock-breaking rotary impactor, comprising an impactor housing and a drill bit connecting sleeve. The drill bit connecting sleeve is rotatably connected to the inner side of one end of the impactor housing. An inner step is provided inside the end of the impactor housing away from the drill bit connecting sleeve. An outer shell is fixedly connected to the side of the inner step away from the drill bit connecting sleeve. A tangential hole sleeve is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer shell. An impeller is rotatably connected to the center of the inner shell. A rotating shaft tube is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the impeller away from the outer shell. A rotating valve plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft tube near the inner step. A fixed valve plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the impactor housing near the rotating valve plate. Fluid passage holes are provided on both sides of the rotating valve plate. Four flow holes are equidistantly provided on the circumference of the fixed valve plate corresponding to the fluid passage holes.

[0006] An impact sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of the drill bit connecting sleeve near the inner step. A hammer is rotatably connected to the center of the end of the impact sleeve near the fixed valve plate. Four liquid outlet holes are opened at the end of the impact sleeve away from the fixed valve plate. Liquid baffles are fixedly connected to both sides of the inside of the impact sleeve. Impact blocks are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the impact sleeve at positions corresponding to the four liquid outlet holes. A pressure relief valve is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft tube away from the impeller. A liquid blocker is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft tube near the pressure relief valve. A pressure relief hole is opened inside the rotating shaft tube.

[0007] Preferably, the hammer includes a connecting collar, a fan-shaped hammer head, and a ceramic layer. Both sides of the connecting collar are fixedly connected to the fan-shaped hammer head, and the outer sides of the two fan-shaped hammer heads are fixedly connected with ceramic layers.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid blocking device includes a fixed sleeve and two fan-shaped liquid blocking plates, and the positions of the two fan-shaped liquid blocking plates correspond to the positions of the two liquid passage holes respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating shaft tube passes through the impact sleeve and is rotatably connected to the impact sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the impact sleeve has limit grooves on both outer edges of the end near the drill bit connecting sleeve, and a limit block is provided in the inner shell of the impactor through an axial groove at the position corresponding to the two limit grooves.

[0011] Preferably, a pressure relief port is provided at one end of the rotating shaft tube near the impeller.

[0012] Preferably, the tangential flow sleeve has multiple tangential flow holes in its tube wall.

[0013] Preferably, both of the liquid separator plates have a groove on the inner side of the end near the fixed valve plate that corresponds to the connecting collar.

[0014] Working principle: In use, the impeller 5 is driven by high-pressure drilling fluid through the tangential casing 16, causing the rotating valve plate 7 to rotate continuously. When the fluid passage 12 corresponds to the flow passage 13, the high-pressure drilling fluid flows into the diagonal fan-shaped spaces on both sides of the hammer 9. At the same time, the plug 11 blocks the two corresponding outlet holes 14 to form a high-pressure chamber. Meanwhile, the drilling fluid in the other two diagonal fan-shaped spaces flows out through the outlet holes 14 to form a low-pressure chamber, which generates a pressure difference on the hammer, forcing the hammer 9 to strike the corresponding impact block 18 and generate torsional force. This force is transmitted to the drill bit through the impact sleeve 10. When the fluid passage 12 rotates to the position corresponding to the other two flow passages 13, the original high-pressure chamber is depressurized and the low-pressure chamber is pressurized, causing the hammer 9 to rotate in the opposite direction and strike the corresponding impact block 18, causing the drill bit to twist in the opposite direction, thereby forming a periodic torsional vibration.

[0015] This invention provides a high-efficiency rock-breaking rotary impactor with the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The present invention is equipped with a tangential hole sleeve and an impeller, which, together with a rotating valve plate, a fixed valve plate, an impact sleeve and a hammer, can utilize the pressure difference of the high-pressure drilling fluid to force the hammer to strike the corresponding impact block and generate torsional force, which is transmitted to the drill bit through the impact sleeve to produce periodic torsional vibration. It does not require too many parts, makes full use of the pressure of the drilling fluid, and improves the practicality of the device.

[0017] 2. The hammer of the present invention has a ceramic layer on the outer side of the fan-shaped hammer head, which can greatly improve the wear resistance of the outer side of the hammer, reduce the wear of parts, and enhance the practicality of the device.

[0018] 3. The rotating shaft tube of the present invention is provided with a pressure relief hole inside. In conjunction with the pressure relief valve, pressure can be relieved when the liquid passage is blocked, preventing excessive pressure from damaging the equipment and enhancing the practicality of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hammer of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid plugging device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the impact sleeve of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the impact sleeve of the present invention.

[0025] Icons: 1. Impactor housing; 2. Drill bit connecting sleeve; 3. Inner step; 4. Outer shell; 5. Impeller; 6. Rotating shaft tube; 7. Rotating valve plate; 8. Fixed valve plate; 9. Hammer; 10. Impact sleeve; 11. Liquid blocker; 12. Liquid passage hole; 13. Flow hole; 14. Liquid outlet hole; 15. Pressure relief valve; 16. Tangential hole sleeve; 17. Pressure relief hole; 18. Impact block; 19. Liquid separator plate; 20. Limiting block; 21. Limiting groove; 901. Connecting collar; 902. Fan-shaped hammer head; 903. Ceramic layer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0028] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a high-efficiency rock-breaking rotary impactor, including an impactor housing 1 and a drill bit connecting sleeve 2. The drill bit connecting sleeve 2 is rotatably connected to the inner side of one end of the impactor housing 1 to prevent large-amplitude rotation of the drill bit connecting sleeve 2. An inner step 3 is provided inside the end of the impactor housing 1 away from the drill bit connecting sleeve 2. An outer shell 4 is fixedly connected to the side of the inner step 3 away from the drill bit connecting sleeve 2. A tangential hole sleeve 16 is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer shell 4. The wall of the tangential hole sleeve 16 has multiple tangential flow holes. An impeller 5 is rotatably connected at the center of the inner part of the impeller 5. A rotating shaft tube 6 is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the end of the impeller 5 away from the outer casing 4. A rotating valve plate 7 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft tube 6 near the inner step 3. The rotating valve plate 7 can generate continuous rotation power through high-pressure drilling fluid. A fixed valve plate 8 is fixedly connected to the inner part of the impactor housing 1 near the rotating valve plate 7. Fluid passage holes 12 are opened on both sides of the rotating valve plate 7. Four flow holes 13 are equidistantly opened on the circumference of the fixed valve plate 8 corresponding to the fluid passage holes 12.

[0035] An impact sleeve 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the drill bit connecting sleeve 2 near the inner step 3. The rotating shaft tube 6 passes through the impact sleeve 10 and is rotatably connected to the impact sleeve 10. Limiting grooves 21 are provided on both outer edges of the impact sleeve 10 near the drill bit connecting sleeve 2. Limiting blocks 20 are provided in the inner shell 1 of the impactor via axial grooves at positions corresponding to the two limiting grooves 21. A hammer 9 is rotatably connected to the center of the end of the impact sleeve 10 near the fixed valve plate 8. The hammer 9 includes a connecting collar 901 and a fan-shaped hammer head 902. The ceramic layer 903 and the connecting collar 901 are fixedly connected to the fan-shaped hammers 902 on both sides. The outer sides of the two fan-shaped hammers 902 are fixedly connected with the ceramic layer 903, which can greatly improve the wear resistance of the hammer outer side and reduce the wear of parts. The impact sleeve 10 has four liquid outlet holes 14 at the end away from the fixed valve plate 8. The inner sides of the impact sleeve 10 are fixedly connected with liquid diaphragm plates 19. The inner side of the two liquid diaphragm plates 19 near the fixed valve plate 8 has a groove corresponding to the connecting collar 901. Impact blocks 18 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the impact sleeve 10 at positions corresponding to the four liquid outlet holes 14. A pressure relief valve 15 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft tube 6 away from the impeller 5. A pressure relief hole 17 is opened inside the rotating shaft tube 6, and a pressure relief port is opened at the end of the rotating shaft tube 6 near the impeller 5. Pressure relief can be performed when the liquid passage hole 12 is blocked to prevent excessive pressure from damaging the equipment. A liquid blocker 11 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft tube 6 near the pressure relief valve 15. The liquid blocker 11 includes a fixed sleeve and two fan-shaped liquid blockers. The two fan-shaped fluid-blocking plates are positioned corresponding to the positions of the two fluid passage holes 12. The tangential hole sleeve 16 and impeller 5 of this invention, together with the rotating valve plate 7, the fixed valve plate 8, the impact sleeve 10 and the hammer 9, can use the high-pressure drilling fluid to generate a pressure difference on the hammer 9, forcing the hammer 9 to strike the corresponding impact block 18 to generate torsional force, which is transmitted to the drill bit through the impact sleeve 10 to generate periodic torsional vibration. It does not require too many parts, makes full use of the pressure of the drilling fluid, and improves the practicality of the device.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency rock-breaking rotary impactor, comprising an impactor housing (1) and a drill bit connecting sleeve (2), characterized in that: A drill bit connecting sleeve (2) is rotatably connected to the inner side of one end of the impactor housing (1). An inner step (3) is provided inside the end of the impactor housing (1) away from the drill bit connecting sleeve (2). An outer shell (4) is fixedly connected to the side of the inner step (3) away from the drill bit connecting sleeve (2). A tangential hole sleeve (16) is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer shell (4). An impeller (5) is rotatably connected to the center of the inner shell (4). A rotating shaft tube (6) is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the impeller (5) away from the outer shell (4). A rotating valve plate (7) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft tube (6) near the inner step (3). A fixed valve plate (8) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the impactor housing (1) near the rotating valve plate (7). Liquid passage holes (12) are provided on both sides of the rotating valve plate (7). Four flow holes (13) are equidistantly provided on the circumference of the fixed valve plate (8) corresponding to the liquid passage holes (12). The drill bit connecting sleeve (2) is fixedly connected to an impact sleeve (10) at one end near the inner step (3). The impact sleeve (10) is rotatably connected to a hammer (9) at the center of one end near the fixed valve plate (8). The impact sleeve (10) is provided with four liquid outlet holes (14) at one end away from the fixed valve plate (8). Liquid baffles (19) are fixedly connected to both sides of the inside of the impact sleeve (10). Impact blocks (18) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the impact sleeve (10) at positions corresponding to the four liquid outlet holes (14). The rotating shaft tube (6) is fixedly connected to a pressure relief valve (15) at one end away from the impeller (5). The rotating shaft tube (6) is fixedly connected to a liquid blocker (11) at one end near the pressure relief valve (15). The rotating shaft tube (6) is provided with a pressure relief hole (17) inside. The hammer (9) includes a connecting collar (901), a fan-shaped hammer head (902) and a ceramic layer (903). Both sides of the connecting collar (901) are fixedly connected to the fan-shaped hammer head (902), and the outer sides of the two fan-shaped hammer heads (902) are fixedly connected to the ceramic layer (903). The liquid blocking device (11) includes a fixed sleeve and two fan-shaped liquid blocking plates, and the positions of the two fan-shaped liquid blocking plates correspond to the positions of the two liquid passage holes (12); The rotating shaft tube (6) has a pressure relief port at one end near the impeller (5); The tangential flow sleeve (16) has multiple tangential flow holes on its wall.

2. The high-efficiency rock-breaking rotary impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft tube (6) passes through the impact sleeve (10) and is rotatably connected to the impact sleeve (10).

3. The high-efficiency rock-breaking rotary impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact sleeve (10) has limit grooves (21) on both outer edges near the drill bit connecting sleeve (2), and limit blocks (20) are provided in the inner part of the impactor shell (1) at the positions corresponding to the two limit grooves (21) through axial grooves.

4. The high-efficiency rock-breaking rotary impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both of the liquid separators (19) have grooves on the inner side of the end near the fixed valve plate (8) that correspond to the connecting collar (901).

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