A buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronic control fuel injection system

Abstract

The object of the present invention is to provide a buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system, which is composed of an injector, a high - pressure fuel inlet pipeline, a high - pressure fuel common - rail pipe, a high - pressure fuel input pump, a fuel tank, etc. The high - pressure fuel common - rail pipe, the high - pressure fuel input pump, and the fuel tank are successively connected by pipelines. A filter is provided between the high - pressure fuel input pump and the fuel tank. One end of the high - pressure fuel common - rail pipe is equipped with a pressure sensor, and the high - pressure fuel common - rail pipe plays the role of accumulating pressure and reducing pressure fluctuations during injection. In addition to being connected to the high - pressure fuel common - rail pipe, the injector is also connected to a high - pressure fuel output pipeline. The high - pressure fuel output pipeline is connected to the fuel tank. The present invention can achieve three - mode fuel injection by the on - off cooperation of three solenoid valves. The supercharging piston part is designed with a quick - exhaust valve and a buffer chamber, and the needle valve body part is designed with a buffer chamber, thereby extending the service life of the system while ensuring better working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fuel injection system, specifically a buffer fast-discharge multi-mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system, belonging to the field of engine fuel injection systems. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the key to power upgrade and transformation is to meet the latest emission regulations. The fuel injection system is the heart of an engine, and its development determines to a certain extent whether the whole machine can meet the requirements of "low emissions" and "economy". In the past, engines all adopted mechanical fuel injection systems, which could not achieve digital control of fuel injection and were difficult to meet the current strict emission regulations and economy requirements, and thus electronic control injection technology is needed to ensure. The high-pressure common rail fuel system is also a prerequisite for the engine to achieve intelligence and digitization, but it is also difficult for single fuel injection or single-mode injection to meet the requirements for emissions and economy.

[0003] Due to the requirements of different fuels for injection modes, the injector's ability to complete multiple-mode injections can not only replace different fuels but also enable better atomization and combustion of the fuel. To achieve better atomization and combustion, generally, a supercharger is used to pressurize the fuel. However, the supercharging piston returns slowly, the high-pressure fuel has high requirements for the structural strength of the injector, the fuel injection pressure release time increases, and the system response speed is slow. Moreover, rapid return will cause a new problem that the supercharging piston impacts the injector body, resulting in wear and shortening the service life of the injector. Similarly, the needle valve also faces this problem when it returns, leading to a single fuel injection law, difficult flexible control of the injection rate, and affecting the control accuracy of fuel injection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a buffer fast-discharge multi-mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system, which can not only achieve the injection of different types of fuels but also realize three-mode fuel injection. While having a simple structure, the fuel injection pressure release time is reduced, the system response speed is increased, and the component wear caused by return impact is reduced.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0006] A buffer fast-discharge multi-mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system includes an injector, a high-pressure fuel inlet pipeline, a high-pressure fuel common rail pipe, a high-pressure fuel input pump, and a fuel tank; the high-pressure fuel common rail pipe, the high-pressure fuel input pump, and the fuel tank are successively connected by pipelines. A filter is provided between the high-pressure fuel input pump and the fuel tank. One end of the high-pressure fuel common rail pipe is equipped with a pressure sensor, and there is an outlet on the high-pressure fuel common rail pipe. The outlet is communicated with the injector, and the injector is also communicated with one end of a high-pressure fuel output pipeline, and the other end of the high-pressure fuel output pipeline is communicated with the fuel tank.

[0007] Preferably, the injector is one or more than one, and each injector communicates with a corresponding outlet. The injector includes a quick exhaust solenoid control valve assembly, an injector lower body, a needle valve assembly, an injector lower body sleeve, a needle valve solenoid control valve assembly, an injector intermediate body, a supercharger assembly, a quick exhaust valve assembly, an injector upper body sleeve, a pressure relief solenoid control valve assembly, and an injector upper body;

[0008] The pressure relief solenoid control valve assembly and the quick exhaust solenoid control valve assembly are installed in the injector upper body. The quick exhaust valve assembly and the quick exhaust solenoid control valve assembly are connected through a flow channel. The supercharger assembly is installed above the injector intermediate body and is connected to the quick exhaust valve assembly through a flow channel. The needle valve solenoid control valve assembly is installed below the injector intermediate body. The injector upper body sleeve presses the injector upper body structure. The needle valve solenoid control valve assembly is connected to the injector lower body. The injector lower body is internally provided with a needle valve assembly; a fuel recovery main flow channel and a fuel recovery sub-flow channel for recovering the fuel of the quick exhaust solenoid control valve assembly and the pressure relief solenoid control valve assembly are opened above the injector upper body; a fuel recovery flow channel for recovering the fuel of the supercharger assembly is opened in the injector intermediate body. The injector lower body sleeve is connected to the injector intermediate body; a fuel main flow channel is opened above the injector upper body.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure relief solenoid control valve assembly includes a pressure relief solenoid control valve coil, a pressure relief solenoid valve spring, a pressure relief spool armature, and a pressure relief solenoid control valve iron core;

[0010] The pressure relief solenoid control valve iron core is fixed in the injector upper body. The pressure relief solenoid control valve coil is arranged in the pressure relief solenoid control valve iron core. A pressure relief solenoid valve spring is fixedly installed at the central position of the pressure relief solenoid control valve iron core. One end of the pressure relief quick exhaust solenoid valve spring presses the pressure relief spool armature tightly. A pressure relief side cavity is formed between the end of the pressure relief spool armature and the injector upper body. A side circular ring groove is opened on the valve stem of the pressure relief spool armature, and the side circular ring groove is connected to the fuel flow channel. Side discharge holes are opened on both sides of the pressure relief spool armature. A side recovery left flow channel connected to the fuel recovery main flow channel in the injector is arranged at the center of the right end face of the pressure relief solenoid control valve assembly. A side right recovery flow channel communicated with the pressure relief side cavity is arranged at the left end face of the pressure relief side cavity. A discharge flow cavity is arranged inside the pressure relief solenoid control valve assembly, and the discharge flow cavity is located between the pressure relief spool armature and the pressure relief solenoid valve spring.

[0011] Preferably, the quick exhaust solenoid control valve assembly includes a quick exhaust solenoid control valve coil, a quick exhaust solenoid control valve iron core, a quick exhaust spool armature, and a quick exhaust solenoid valve spring; the quick exhaust solenoid control valve iron core is fixed in the upper body of the injector, two quick exhaust solenoid control valve coils are inside the quick exhaust solenoid control valve iron core, a quick exhaust solenoid valve spring is fixedly installed at the central position of the quick exhaust solenoid control valve iron core, one end of the quick exhaust solenoid valve spring tightly presses the quick exhaust spool armature, a positive pressure relief groove is formed between the end of the quick exhaust spool armature and the upper body of the injector, a positive circular groove is provided on the valve stem of the quick exhaust spool armature, and the positive circular groove is communicated with the quick exhaust port flow channel of the quick exhaust valve; a right recovery flow channel is arranged on the right end face of the positive pressure relief groove below the quick exhaust solenoid control valve assembly, the left side of the right recovery flow channel is communicated with the positive pressure relief groove, and the upper side is communicated with the quick exhaust port flow channel of the quick exhaust valve; a positive recovery left flow channel is arranged at the center of the upper end face of the quick exhaust solenoid control valve assembly, and the positive recovery left flow channel is connected with the main fuel recovery flow channel in the injector; a discharge hole is provided on the large head part above the quick exhaust spool armature, the discharge hole is a through hole and is symmetrically distributed at four positions on the circular surface.

[0012] Preferably, the quick exhaust valve assembly includes a quick exhaust valve body, a spool fuel right chamber, a spool quick exhaust flow channel, a quick exhaust valve right chamber, a supercharger fuel flow channel, a quick exhaust valve left chamber, a quick exhaust valve spool, a spool fuel left chamber, a quick exhaust valve inlet flow channel, a fuel left inlet hole, a fuel right inlet hole, and a quick exhaust valve spool return spring;

[0013] The quick exhaust valve body is fixed in the upper body of the injector,

[0014] The spool fuel right chamber is located at the center of the cylinder on the right side of the quick exhaust valve spool and is a cylindrical chamber,

[0015] The spool quick exhaust flow channel is located at the center of the right end face of the quick exhaust valve assembly and is communicated with the quick exhaust port flow channel of the quick exhaust valve,

[0016] The quick exhaust valve right chamber is located inside the quick exhaust valve assembly and is communicated with the supercharger fuel flow channel,

[0017] The supercharger fuel flow channel is located at the center of the lower cylindrical surface of the quick exhaust valve assembly on the right side and is communicated with the quick exhaust valve right chamber,

[0018] The quick exhaust valve left chamber is located inside the quick exhaust valve assembly,

[0019] The quick exhaust valve spool is in clearance fit with the quick exhaust valve body and is installed in the quick exhaust valve body,

[0020] The spool fuel left chamber is located at the center of the cylinder on the left side of the quick exhaust valve spool and is a cylindrical chamber,

[0021] The quick exhaust valve inlet flow channel is located at the center of the left end face of the quick exhaust valve assembly and is communicated with the main fuel flow channel,

[0022] The left fuel inlet hole is located at the rightmost of the left cylinder of the quick exhaust valve spool, with two rectangular holes opened, which are symmetrically distributed, each occupying 45 degrees of the whole circle.

[0023] The right fuel inlet hole is located at the leftmost of the right cylinder of the quick exhaust valve spool, with two rectangular holes opened, which are symmetrically distributed, each occupying 45 degrees of the whole circle.

[0024] The return spring of the quick exhaust valve spool passes through the right end of the quick exhaust valve spool and is installed in the quick exhaust valve body.

[0025] Preferably, the supercharger assembly includes a supercharging piston and a supercharging piston spring;

[0026] The supercharging piston is installed in the injector intermediate body. One end of the supercharging piston spring contacts the injector intermediate body, and the other end contacts the supercharging piston. After assembly, the supercharging piston spring is in a pre-tightened state. A low-pressure chamber and a supercharging chamber are formed between the supercharging piston and the injector intermediate body. There is a ring groove formed by a protrusion on the outer circle of the large end of the supercharging piston. An upper buffer upper ring chamber is formed between the ring groove and the injector intermediate body. The inner wall of the ring groove in contact with the large end face of the supercharging piston is provided with two piston fan-shaped grooves for discharging fuel. A leakage chamber is provided between the supercharger and the injector intermediate body. A leakage fuel discharge port is provided at the center of the right cylindrical surface of the leakage chamber, and the leakage fuel discharge port is communicated with the leakage chamber. A check valve is provided on the left side of the center of the left cylindrical surface of the low-pressure chamber. The left side of the check valve is communicated with the fuel main flow channel, and the right side is communicated with the low-pressure chamber. A supercharger fuel flow channel is provided at the center of the upper end face of the supercharging chamber, and the upper side of the supercharger fuel flow channel is communicated with the supercharger fuel flow channel, and the lower side is communicated with the supercharging chamber.

[0027] Preferably, the needle valve solenoid control valve includes a needle valve solenoid control valve spring, a needle valve solenoid control valve coil, a needle valve solenoid control valve iron core, a needle valve solenoid control valve armature and a ball valve;

[0028] The needle valve solenoid control valve iron core is fixed in the injector intermediate body. The needle valve solenoid control valve coil is in the needle valve solenoid control valve iron core. The needle valve solenoid control valve spring is fixedly installed at the center position of the needle valve solenoid control valve iron core. One end of the needle valve solenoid control valve spring presses tightly against the needle valve solenoid control valve armature. The end of the needle valve solenoid control valve armature is connected to the ball valve and forms a pressure relief lower chamber with the injector lower body; a recovery flow channel is provided at the center of the upper end face of the needle valve solenoid control valve assembly; a throttle flow channel is provided in the injector lower body, which is in contact with the ball valve above and communicated with a throttle hole below; the throttle hole is located in the injector lower body, communicated with the throttle flow channel above and the needle valve fuel input port below; the pressure relief lower flow channel is located in the injector lower body, communicated with the inside of the needle valve solenoid control valve assembly above and the pressure relief lower chamber below; there are discharge holes on the large head part above the needle valve solenoid control valve armature, which are through holes and symmetrically distributed at four positions on the circular surface; a fuel lower flow channel is provided between the injector intermediate body and the injector lower body, which is communicated with the low-pressure chamber above.

[0029] Preferably, the needle valve assembly includes a needle valve return spring, a needle valve body, and a needle valve sleeve;

[0030] The needle valve sleeve is fixed in the lower body of the injector. The lower end of the needle valve sleeve is connected to the needle valve return spring. The needle valve return spring takes the boss on the needle valve body as the spring seat and is in a pre-tightened state. A high-pressure fuel chamber is formed between the needle valve body and the lower body of the injector. There is a pressure chamber between the needle valve body, the needle valve sleeve, and the lower body of the injector. An annular groove is formed by a protrusion on the outer circle of the upper end of the needle valve body. A buffer lower ring chamber is formed between the annular groove and the lower body of the injector. Two body sector grooves for discharging fuel are provided on the inner wall of the annular groove in contact with the upper end face of the needle valve body. A high-pressure fuel input flow channel is provided in the lower body of the injector. The upper part of the high-pressure fuel input flow channel is connected to the fuel downstream flow channel, and the lower part is connected to the high-pressure fuel chamber. A pressure chamber input hole is provided in the needle valve sleeve, which is connected to the pressure chamber on the left and the high-pressure fuel chamber on the right. A spray hole is provided below the lower body of the injector, which is an inclined through hole, and the two holes are symmetrically distributed and communicate with the high-pressure fuel chamber when the needle valve is opened and closed. The high-pressure fuel input flow channel is located in the lower body of the injector, and is connected to the fuel downstream flow channel at the upper part and the high-pressure fuel chamber at the lower part.

[0031] Preferably, a convex annular groove is designed on the large end structure of the supercharging piston, and a buffer chamber is provided in the upper body of the injector to cooperate with this groove. While slowly discharging the fuel by squeezing the fuel, it buffers the returning supercharging piston and reduces the impact between the supercharging piston and the upper body of the injector.

[0032] Preferably, a convex annular groove is designed on the upper end structure of the needle valve body, and a buffer chamber is provided in the lower body of the injector to cooperate with this groove. While slowly discharging the fuel by squeezing the fuel, it buffers the returning needle valve body and reduces the impact between the needle valve body and the lower body of the injector.

[0033] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] A quick exhaust valve is designed above the injector supercharger assembly, which is beneficial to the rapid return of the supercharging piston. Considering that the return of the supercharging piston and the needle valve will impact the upper body and the lower body of the injector, thus affecting the service life of the injector, a buffer chamber is designed at the end of its return in the present invention. In the later stage of the return of the supercharging piston, it will squeeze the fuel. Since the fuel is compressed and its volume decreases, a relatively large downward pressure on the supercharging piston is caused to complete the buffering, and the fuel in the buffer chamber is slowly discharged during the buffering process. Because the height of the buffer chamber is smaller than the overall height of the supercharging piston and the needle valve, the life loss caused by the impact is minimized to the greatest extent without affecting its function. In addition, the present invention can realize three fuel injection modes by the mutual cooperation of three solenoid valves, meeting the different injection requirements of different fuels, making up for the shortcoming of single injection of the injector, and thus making it more convenient to use different types of fuels. Description of the Drawings

[0035] Figure 1 The figure shows the overall layout schematic diagram of the buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 The figure shows the overall structural sectional view of the injector of the buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 The figure shows the injector of the buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention as Figure 2 shown in the partial enlarged view of 213, showing the structure of the pressure - relief electromagnetic control valve assembly;

[0038] Figure 4 The figure shows the injector of the buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention as Figure 2 shown in the partial enlarged view of 202, showing the structure of the quick - exhaust electromagnetic control valve assembly;

[0039] Figure 5 The figure shows the injector of the buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention as Figure 2 shown in the partial enlarged view of 210, showing the structure of the quick - exhaust valve assembly;

[0040] Figure 6 The figure shows the injector of the buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention as Figure 5 shown in the three - dimensional enlarged view of 507, showing the three - dimensional structure of the quick - exhaust valve spool;

[0041] Figure 7 The figure shows the injector of the buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention as Figure 2 shown in the partial enlarged view of 209, showing the structure of the supercharger assembly;

[0042] Figure 8 The figure shows the injector of the buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention as Figure 7 shown in the figure of the raised groove above 601, showing the three - dimensional semi - sectional structure of the buffer part;

[0043] Figure 9 The figure shows the injector of the buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention as Figure 2 shown in the partial enlarged view of 207, showing the structure of the needle valve electromagnetic control valve;

[0044] Figure 10 The figure shows the injector of the buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention as Figure 2Partial enlarged view of 205 as shown, showing the structure of the needle valve assembly;

[0045] Figure 11 The figure shows the injector of the buffer fast exhaust multi-mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention as Figure 10 The figure of the raised groove above 806 as shown, showing the three-dimensional half-sectional structure of the buffer part.

[0046] In the attached drawings, 101 - injector, 102 - high-pressure fuel inlet pipeline, 103 - outlet, 104 - high-pressure fuel common rail pipe, 105 - pressure sensor, 106 - high-pressure fuel input pump, 107 - filter, 108 - fuel tank, 109 - high-pressure fuel output pipeline;

[0047] 201 - fuel recovery main flow channel, 202 - fast exhaust solenoid valve control valve assembly, 203 - fuel recovery flow channel, 204 - injector lower body, 205 - needle valve assembly, 206 - injector lower body sleeve, 207 - needle valve solenoid valve control valve assembly, 208 - injector intermediate body, 209 - supercharger assembly, 210 - fast exhaust valve assembly, 211 - injector upper body sleeve, 212 - fuel recovery sub-flow channel, 213 - pressure relief solenoid valve control valve assembly, 214 - fuel main flow channel, 215 - injector upper body;

[0048] 301 - pressure relief solenoid valve coil, 302 - pressure relief solenoid valve spring, 303 - side recovery left flow channel, 304 - pressure relief spool armature, 305 - side right recovery flow channel, 306 - pressure relief side cavity, 307 - side circular groove, 308 - discharge flow cavity, 309 - side discharge hole, 310 - fuel flow channel, 311 - pressure relief solenoid valve iron core;

[0049] 401 - positive recovery left flow channel, 402 - fast exhaust solenoid valve coil, 403 - fast exhaust solenoid valve iron core, 404 - fast exhaust port flow channel of the fast exhaust valve, 405 - right recovery flow channel, 406 - positive pressure relief groove, 407 - positive circular groove, 408 - discharge hole, 409 - fast exhaust spool armature, 410 - fast exhaust solenoid valve spring;

[0050] 501 - exhaust valve body, 502 - fuel right cavity of the valve core, 503 - fast exhaust flow channel of the valve core, 504 - fast exhaust valve right cavity, 505 - supercharger fuel flow channel, 506 - fast exhaust valve left cavity, 507 - fast exhaust valve core, 508 - fuel left cavity of the valve core, 509 - fast exhaust valve inlet flow channel, 510 - fuel left inlet hole, 511 - fuel right inlet hole, 512 - fast exhaust valve core return spring;

[0051] 601 - Boost piston, 602 - Leakage chamber, 603 - Leakage fuel discharge port, 604 - Low - pressure chamber, 605 - Check valve, 606 - Boost piston spring, 607 - Boost chamber, 608 - Fuel flow channel for supercharger, 609 - Upper buffer upper ring chamber, 610 - Piston sector groove;

[0052] 701 - Recovery flow channel, 702 - Spring of needle valve solenoid control valve, 703 - Coil of needle valve solenoid control valve, 704 - Iron core of needle valve solenoid control valve, 705 - Armature of needle valve solenoid control valve, 706 - Ball valve, 707 - Throttle flow channel, 708 - Throttle orifice, 709 - Pressure relief lower chamber, 710 - Pressure relief lower flow channel, 711 - Discharge orifice, 712 - Fuel lower flow channel;

[0053] 801 - High - pressure fuel input flow channel, 802 - Lower buffer ring chamber, 803 - Pressure chamber input hole, 804 - High - pressure fuel chamber, 805 - Needle valve return spring, 806 - Needle valve body, 807 - Spray hole, 808 - Needle valve sleeve, 809 - Pressure chamber, 810 - High - pressure fuel input flow channel, 811 - Valve body sector groove. Specific embodiments

[0054] The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows:

[0055] As Figure 1 shown, the buffer fast - discharge type variable boost electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention mainly consists of an injector 101, a high - pressure fuel inlet pipeline 102, a high - pressure fuel common - rail pipe 104, a high - pressure fuel input pump 106, a fuel tank 108, etc. The high - pressure fuel common - rail pipe 104, the high - pressure fuel input pump 106, and the fuel tank 108 are successively connected by pipelines. A filter 107 is provided between the high - pressure fuel input pump 106 and the fuel tank 108. A pressure sensor 105 is installed at one end of the high - pressure fuel common - rail pipe 104. Four outlets 103 are provided on the high - pressure fuel common - rail pipe 104 and are respectively connected to four injectors 101. The high - pressure fuel common - rail pipe 104 plays the role of accumulating pressure and reducing pressure fluctuations during injection. In addition to being connected to the high - pressure fuel common - rail pipe 104, the injector 101 is also connected to a high - pressure fuel output pipeline 109. The high - pressure fuel output pipeline 109 is connected to the fuel tank 108.

[0056] The injector 101 mainly consists of a fast - discharge solenoid control valve assembly 202, an injector lower body 204, a needle valve assembly 205, an injector lower body sleeve 206, a needle valve solenoid control valve assembly 207, an injector intermediate body 208, a supercharger assembly 209, a fast - discharge valve assembly 210, an injector upper body sleeve 211, a pressure - relief solenoid control valve assembly 213, an injector upper body 215, etc. As Figure 2As shown in the figure, the pressure relief electromagnetic control valve assembly 213 and the quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve assembly 202 are installed in the upper injector body 215. The quick exhaust valve assembly 210 and the quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve assembly 202 are connected through a flow channel. The supercharger assembly 209 is installed above the injector intermediate body 208 and is connected to the quick exhaust valve assembly 210 through a flow channel. The needle valve electromagnetic control valve assembly 207 is installed below the injector intermediate body 208. The upper injector body sleeve 211 compresses the structure of the upper injector body 215. Part of the needle valve electromagnetic control valve assembly 207 is connected to the lower injector body 204, and the needle valve assembly 205 is installed in the lower injector body 204. In addition, a main fuel recovery flow channel 201 and a secondary fuel recovery flow channel 212 are opened above the upper injector body 215 to mainly recover the fuel of the quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve assembly 202 and the pressure relief electromagnetic control valve assembly 213. A fuel recovery flow channel 203 is opened in the injector intermediate body 208 to mainly recover the fuel of the supercharger assembly 209. A main fuel flow channel 214 is opened above the upper injector body 215.

[0057] The pressure relief electromagnetic control valve assembly 213 mainly consists of a pressure relief electromagnetic control valve coil 301, a pressure relief solenoid valve spring 302, a pressure relief spool armature 304, a pressure relief electromagnetic control valve core 311, etc. As Figure 3 shown, the pressure relief electromagnetic control valve core 311 is fixed in the upper injector body 215. The pressure relief electromagnetic control valve coil 301 is inside the pressure relief electromagnetic control valve core 311. The pressure relief solenoid valve spring 302 is fixedly installed at the central position of the pressure relief electromagnetic control valve core 311, and the fitting clearances of the installation positions are all very small. One end of the pressure relief solenoid valve spring 302 presses against the pressure relief spool armature 304, and a pressure relief side cavity 306 is formed between the end of the pressure relief spool armature 304 and the upper injector body 215. A side circular ring groove 307 is opened on the valve stem of the pressure relief spool armature 304, and the side circular ring groove 307 is connected to the fuel flow channel 310. When the pressure relief electromagnetic control valve coil 301 is energized, an electromagnetic force is generated. The electromagnetic force attracts the pressure relief spool armature 304 to move and compresses the pressure relief solenoid valve spring 302. When the pressure relief electromagnetic control valve coil 301 is de-energized, the electromagnetic force disappears, and the pressure relief spool armature 304 returns to its initial position under the action of the spring force. As the pressure relief spool armature 304 moves, the on-off of the side circular ring groove 307 and the fuel flow channel 310 can be controlled. The leakage of the fuel flow channel 310 caused by the on-off of the side circular ring groove 307 will flow through the side discharge holes 309 opened on both sides of the pressure relief spool armature 304, through the discharge cavity 308, and finally into the side recovery left flow channel 303. The other end of the leakage enters the pressure relief side cavity 306 and is discharged through the side right recovery flow channel 305.

[0058] The quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve assembly 202 consists of a quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve coil 402, a quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve core 403, a quick exhaust spool armature 409, a quick exhaust solenoid valve spring 410, etc. As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve iron core 403 is fixed in the upper body 215 of the injector. The quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve coil 402 is inside the quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve iron core 403. A quick exhaust solenoid valve spring 410 is fixedly installed at the central position of the quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve iron core 403. The fitting clearances at the installation positions are all very small. One end of the quick exhaust solenoid valve spring 410 tightly presses the quick exhaust spool armature 409. A positive pressure relief groove 406 is formed between the end of the quick exhaust spool armature 409 and the upper body 215 of the injector. A positive circular groove 407 is formed on the valve stem of the quick exhaust spool armature 409, and the positive circular groove 407 is connected to the quick exhaust port flow channel 404 of the quick exhaust valve. When the quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve coil 402 is energized, an electromagnetic force is generated. The electromagnetic force attracts the quick exhaust spool armature 409 to move, compressing the quick exhaust solenoid valve spring 410. When the quick exhaust electromagnetic control valve coil 402 is de-energized, the electromagnetic force disappears, and the quick exhaust spool armature 409 returns to its initial position under the action of the spring force. As the quick exhaust spool armature 409 moves, the on-off of the positive circular groove 407 and the quick exhaust port flow channel 404 of the quick exhaust valve can be controlled. The fuel leakage from the quick exhaust port flow channel 404 caused by the on-off of the positive circular groove 407 will flow into the positive recovery left flow channel 401 through the discharge holes 408 formed on both sides of the spool armature 409, and the other end of the leakage enters the positive pressure relief groove 406 and is discharged through the positive right recovery flow channel 405.

[0059] The quick exhaust valve assembly 210 consists of a quick exhaust valve body 501, a quick exhaust valve spool 507, a fuel left inlet hole 510, a fuel right inlet hole 511, a quick exhaust valve spool return spring 512, etc. As Figure 5 shown in the figure, the quick exhaust valve body 501 is fixed in the upper body 215 of the injector. The quick exhaust valve spool 507 is in clearance fit with the quick exhaust valve body 501 and is installed in the quick exhaust valve body 501. The three-dimensional structure of the quick exhaust valve spool 507 is as Figure 6As shown. The quick exhaust valve core return spring 512 passes through the right end of the quick exhaust valve core 507 and is installed in the quick exhaust valve body 501. The quick exhaust valve assembly 210 has two states. When it is not working, the quick exhaust solenoid control valve coil 402 is not powered. At this time, the fuel (initial state is air) in the valve core quick exhaust flow channel 503 connected to the quick exhaust port flow channel 404 of the quick exhaust valve cannot be discharged. The fuel in the fuel main flow channel 214 enters the valve core fuel left cavity 508 through the quick exhaust valve inlet flow channel 509, and then enters the quick exhaust valve left cavity 506 through the fuel left inlet hole 510. Under the action of pressure, the quick exhaust valve core return spring 512 is compressed, and the air in the valve core fuel right cavity 502 cannot be discharged, and balance is quickly reached. The quick exhaust valve core 507 moves a distance that is not enough to connect the supercharger fuel flow channel 505; when it is working, the quick exhaust solenoid control valve coil 402 is powered, and the quick exhaust solenoid control valve coil 402 is powered to generate electricity Magnetic force and electromagnetic force attract the quick exhaust slide valve armature 409 to move, compressing the quick exhaust solenoid valve spring 410, and connecting the positive annular groove 407 with the quick exhaust port flow channel 404 of the quick exhaust valve. At this time, the fuel (initial state is air) in the valve core quick exhaust flow channel 503 connected to the quick exhaust port flow channel 404 of the quick exhaust valve is discharged, and the fuel in the fuel main flow channel 214 enters the valve core fuel left cavity 508 through the quick exhaust valve inlet flow channel 509, and then enters the quick exhaust valve left cavity 506 through the fuel left inlet hole 510. Under the action of pressure, the quick exhaust valve valve core return spring 512 is compressed to the maximum compression amount, the fuel right inlet hole 511 is sealed, and the quick exhaust valve valve core 507 moves to the right end. At this time, the fuel flowing into the quick exhaust valve left cavity 506 from the fuel main flow channel 214 enters the supercharger assembly 209 through the supercharger fuel flow channel 505.

[0060] The booster assembly 209 is composed of a booster piston 601 and a booster piston spring 606. Figure 7 As shown, the boost piston 601 is installed in the injector intermediate body 208, and the fitting clearance between the two is very small. One end of the boost piston spring 606 contacts the injector intermediate body 208, and the other end contacts the boost piston 601. After assembly, the boost piston spring 606 is in a pre-tightened state. A low-pressure chamber 604, a boost chamber 607 and a leakage chamber 602 are formed between the boost piston 601 and the injector intermediate body 208. During the pressurization process, fuel leaks into the leakage chamber 602 and is discharged through the leakage fuel outlet 603. An annular groove is bulged on the outer circle of the large end of the boost piston 601, and an upper buffer upper annular cavity 609 is formed between the groove and the injector intermediate body 208. Two piston fan-shaped grooves 610 are provided on the inner wall where the upper buffer upper annular cavity 609 contacts the large end face of the boost piston 601, which are used to discharge fuel. The three-dimensional sectional structure is shown as follows. Figure 8As shown. During operation, high-pressure fuel enters the supercharging chamber 607 through the supercharger fuel flow channel 608, and the supercharging piston 601 supercharges the fuel in the low-pressure chamber 604; when the supercharging piston 601 returns to its original position, under the action of the supercharging piston spring 606, the supercharging piston 601 quickly returns to its original position. When the protrusion on the outer circle of the large end enters the upper buffer upper ring chamber 609, it will squeeze the fuel. Since the fuel is compressed and its volume decreases, the fuel sealed in the upper buffer upper ring chamber 609 can only flow into the central chamber through the piston fan-shaped groove 610, which causes a relatively large downward pressure on the supercharging piston 601, and the supercharging piston 601 returns to its original position slowly, thereby reducing the loss generated when the supercharging piston 601 impacts the injector intermediate body 208.

[0061] The needle valve solenoid control valve assembly 207 consists of a needle valve solenoid control valve spring 702, a needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703, a needle valve solenoid control valve iron core 704, a needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705, a ball valve 706, etc. As Figure 9 shown, the needle valve solenoid control valve iron core 704 is fixed in the injector intermediate body 208, the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is inside the needle valve solenoid control valve iron core 704, the needle valve solenoid control valve spring 702 is fixedly installed at the central position of the needle valve solenoid control valve iron core 704, and the fitting clearances of the installation positions are all very small. One end of the needle valve solenoid control valve spring 702 tightly presses the needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705, and the end of the needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 is connected to the ball valve 706 and forms a pressure relief lower chamber 709 with the injector lower body 204. After the fuel injection is completed, the needle valve body 806 returns to its original position, the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is energized, the needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 moves upward, the ball valve 706 loses its fixation, the fuel enters the throttle flow channel 707 through the throttle hole 708 and lifts the ball valve 706, the fuel enters the pressure relief lower chamber 709, then passes through the pressure relief lower flow channel 710, and finally flows into the recovery flow channel 701 through the discharge holes 711 on both sides of the needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 and is discharged.

[0062] The needle valve assembly 205 consists of a needle valve return spring 805, a needle valve body 806 and a needle valve sleeve 808. As Figure 10 shown, the needle valve sleeve 808 is fixed in the injector lower body 204, the lower end of the needle valve sleeve 808 is connected to the needle valve return spring 805, the needle valve return spring 805 uses the convex platform on the needle valve body 806 as the spring seat, the needle valve return spring 805 is in a pre-tightened state, and the needle valve body 806 and the injector lower body 204 form a high-pressure fuel chamber 804. A pressure chamber 809 is formed between the needle valve body 806, the needle valve sleeve 808 and the injector lower body 204. There is a ring groove on the outer circle of the upper end of the needle valve body 806, and a buffer lower ring chamber 802 is formed between this groove and the injector lower body 204. Two valve body fan-shaped grooves 811 are provided on the inner wall of the ring groove in contact with the upper end face of the needle valve body 806 for discharging fuel. The three-dimensional structure is as Figure 11As shown in the figure. High-pressure fuel enters the high-pressure fuel input flow path 810 through the fuel main flow path 214. After the high-pressure fuel fills the high-pressure fuel chamber 804, it is ejected through the injection holes 807. At the same time, the fuel enters the pressure chamber 809 through the pressure chamber input hole 803. The needle valve body 806 is subjected to the downward pressure of the fuel in the pressure chamber 809 and the downward spring force of the needle valve return spring 805. The needle valve body 806 is closed by the upward pressure in the high-pressure fuel chamber 804. When the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is energized, the needle valve fuel input port 801 is connected to the throttle hole 708, the pressure chamber 809 is depressurized, and the resultant force acting on the needle valve body 806 downward decreases, causing the injection hole to open. When the needle valve body 806 moves upward, when the upper raised annular groove enters the buffer lower ring chamber 802, it will squeeze the fuel. Since the fuel is compressed and its volume decreases, a relatively large downward pressure on the needle valve body 806 is caused, and the needle valve body 806 slowly returns to its position, thus well protecting the loss caused by the rapid impact between the needle valve body 806 and the injector lower body 204.

[0063] The following further combines Figures 1 to 11 to illustrate the working process of the buffer fast-discharge type variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system of the present invention:

[0064] The present invention can achieve three injection modes by energizing and de-energizing multiple solenoid valves. As Figure 1 shown in the figure, the fuel in the fuel tank 108 passes through the fuel filter 107 and the high-pressure fuel input pump 106 and is sent into the high-pressure fuel common rail pipe 104, and then enters the injector 101 from the high-pressure fuel common rail pipe 104. The pressure sensor 105 is used to detect the pressure condition in the high-pressure fuel common rail pipe 104 to ensure the safety of the high-pressure fuel common rail pipe 104. The injector 101 is connected to the high-pressure fuel output pipeline 109 and leads to the fuel tank 108, and the flow path that needs to recover fuel during the working process of the injector 101 can be connected and led into the fuel tank 108.

[0065] In the first non-supercharged injection mode, the pressure relief solenoid control valve coil 301 is not energized. The pressure relief spool armature 304 is pressed against the left end face of the injector upper body 215 under the action of the force of the pressure relief solenoid valve spring 302, and the pressure relief solenoid valve circular groove 307 is communicated with the fuel main flow path 214. The fast-discharge solenoid control valve coil 402 is not energized, and the fast-discharge spool armature 409 is in Figure 4Position, at this time, the fast exhaust port flow channel 404 of the fast exhaust valve is sealed by the fast exhaust spool armature 409. The high-pressure fuel reaches the position of the fast exhaust valve assembly 210 through the fuel main flow channel 214. The fuel is shunted and enters the fast exhaust valve assembly 210 from the left fuel inlet hole 510. Since the fast exhaust port flow channel 404 of the fast exhaust valve is sealed by the fast exhaust spool armature 409, the fuel (initially air) in the spool fast exhaust flow channel 503 connected to the fast exhaust port flow channel 404 of the fast exhaust valve cannot be discharged. The high-pressure fuel in the fuel main flow channel 214 enters the left fuel chamber 508 of the spool through the fast exhaust valve inlet flow channel 509, and then enters the left chamber 506 of the fast exhaust valve through the left fuel inlet hole 510. Under the action of pressure, the fast exhaust valve spool return spring 512 is compressed, and the air in the right fuel chamber 502 of the spool cannot be discharged and quickly reaches equilibrium. The distance that the fast exhaust valve spool 507 moves is not enough to connect the supercharger fuel flow channel 505. Therefore, the fuel reaching the position of the fast exhaust valve assembly 210 flows downward along the one-way valve 605 into the chamber where the supercharger piston spring 606 of the supercharger assembly 209 is located, and flows into the high-pressure fuel chamber 804 through the fuel downstream flow channel 712. At this time, the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is not energized, and the needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 presses the ball valve 706 tightly under the action of the needle valve solenoid control valve spring 702, and the fuel cannot be depressurized. The high-pressure fuel enters the pressure chamber 809 and the buffer lower ring chamber 802 through the pressure chamber input hole 803. Under the action of pressure, the needle valve return spring 805 elongates, and the needle valve body 806 moves downward to seal the spray hole 807. When the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is energized, the needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 moves upward, the ball valve 706 loses its fixation, the fuel enters through the throttle hole 708 to lift the ball valve 706, the fuel enters the pressure relief lower chamber 709, and then passes through the pressure relief downstream flow channel 710, and finally flows out through the discharge holes 711 on both sides of the needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 into the recovery flow channel 701. As the fuel in the pressure chamber 809 decreases, the needle valve body 806 is forced to move upward. When the upper convex annular groove enters the buffer lower ring chamber 802, it will squeeze the fuel. Because the fuel is compressed and its volume decreases, a relatively large downward pressure on the needle valve body 806 is caused, and the needle valve body 806 slowly returns to its position, thus well protecting the loss caused by the rapid impact between the needle valve body 806 and the injector lower body 204. At this time, the fuel in the high-pressure fuel chamber 804 can be sprayed through the spray hole 807. When the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is not energized, because the downward resultant force on the needle valve body 806 is greater than the upward force, the needle valve body 806 is in the state of sealing the spray hole and does not spray. When the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is energized, the spray hole opens; when the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is de-energized, the spray hole closes. Repeating this cycle, the non-boost injection mode is completed.

[0066] In the second supercharging injection mode, the pressure relief solenoid control valve coil 301 is de-energized. The pressure relief spool armature 304 is pressed against the left end face of the injector upper body 215 under the action of the force of the pressure relief solenoid valve spring 302, and the side annular groove 307 is communicated with the fuel main flow channel 214. The quick exhaust solenoid control valve assembly 202 is in the energized state. The quick exhaust solenoid control valve coil 402 is energized to generate an electromagnetic force, which attracts the quick exhaust spool armature 409 to move, compresses the quick exhaust solenoid valve spring 410, and the positive annular groove 407 is communicated with the quick exhaust port flow channel 404 of the quick exhaust valve. At this time, the fuel (initially air) in the quick exhaust valve quick exhaust port flow channel 503 connected to the quick exhaust port flow channel 404 of the quick exhaust valve is discharged. The fuel in the fuel main flow channel 214 enters the fuel left chamber 508 of the spool through the quick exhaust valve inlet flow channel 509, then enters the left chamber 506 of the quick exhaust valve through the fuel left inlet hole 510. Under the action of the pressure, the quick exhaust valve spool return spring 512 is compressed to the maximum compression amount, the fuel right inlet hole 511 is sealed, and the quick exhaust valve spool 507 moves to the right end. At this time, the fuel flowing into the left chamber 506 of the quick exhaust valve from the fuel main flow channel 214 enters the supercharger assembly 209 through the supercharger fuel flow channel 505. The fuel reaching the position of the quick exhaust valve assembly 210 flows downward and enters the chamber where the supercharger piston spring 606 of the supercharger assembly 209 is located through the one-way valve 605. At this time, the large end area of the supercharger piston 601 is larger than the small end area. During the downward movement of the supercharger piston 601, the fuel in the chamber of the supercharger piston spring 606 is supercharged and flows into the high-pressure fuel chamber 804 through the fuel downstream flow channel 712. At this time, the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is de-energized. The needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 presses the ball valve 706 tightly under the action of the needle valve solenoid control valve spring 702, and the fuel cannot pass through. The needle valve body 806 is located at the uppermost position under the action of the needle valve return spring 805. The high-pressure fuel enters the pressure chamber 809 and the buffer lower ring chamber 802 through the pressure chamber input hole 803. Under the action of the pressure, the needle valve return spring 805 elongates, and the needle valve body 806 moves downward to seal the spray hole 807. When the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is energized, the needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 moves upward, the ball valve 706 loses its fixation, the fuel enters and lifts the ball valve 706 through the throttle hole 708, the fuel enters the pressure relief lower chamber 709, then passes through the pressure relief downstream flow channel 710, and finally flows out through the discharge holes 711 on both sides of the needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 into the recovery flow channel 701.As the fuel in the pressure chamber 809 decreases, the needle valve body 806 moves upward under the force. When the upper convex annular groove enters the lower buffer ring chamber 802, it will squeeze the fuel. Since the fuel is compressed and its volume decreases, a relatively large downward pressure on the needle valve body 806 is caused, and the needle valve body 806 slowly returns to its original position, thus well protecting the loss caused by the rapid impact between the needle valve body 806 and the lower body 204 of the injector. At this time, the fuel in the high-pressure fuel chamber 804 can be sprayed through the spray hole 807. At the same time, the pressure relief solenoid valve coil 301 is energized, and the pressure relief spool armature 304 moves to the right to seal the fuel main flow path 214. Because the fuel supply in the high-pressure fuel common rail 104 is suspended, the fuel in the main fuel flow path 214 is connected to the spray hole 807 to complete pressure relief, and the fuel flowing into the left fuel chamber 508 of the spool is depressurized. Under the action of the quick exhaust valve spool return spring 512, the quick exhaust valve spool 507 moves to the leftmost end, and the pressurizing chamber 607 is connected to the right chamber 504 of the quick exhaust valve. At this time, the needle valve solenoid valve 207 is de-energized, and the needle valve body 806 seals the spray hole 807. The pressurizing piston 601 returns to its original position under the action of the pressurizing piston spring 606. The pressurizing piston 601 quickly returns to its original position. When the outer circular convex annular groove at the large end enters the upper buffer upper ring chamber 609, it will squeeze the fuel. Since the fuel is compressed and its volume decreases, a relatively large downward pressure on the pressurizing piston 601 is caused, and the pressurizing piston 601 returns to its original position at a slow speed, thus reducing the loss generated when the pressurizing piston 601 impacts the injector intermediate body 208. After the pressurizing piston 601 returns to its original position, the quick exhaust solenoid valve coil 402 is de-energized, and the quick exhaust spool armature 409 moves downward. The quick exhaust spool armature 409 seals the spool quick exhaust flow path 503. At this time, the pressure relief solenoid valve coil 301 is de-energized, and the pressure relief spool armature 304 moves to the left, and the side circular groove 307 is connected to the main fuel flow path 214. At this time, the injector 101 returns to its initial state. Repeating this process can complete the pressurized injection mode.

[0067] The third mode combines non-pressurized injection and pressurized injection to complete the fuel boot-shaped injection. The pressure relief solenoid valve coil 301 is not energized. The pressure relief solenoid valve armature 304 is pressed on the left end face of the upper body 218 of the injector under the force of the solenoid valve spring 302, and the side circular groove 307 is connected to the fuel main flow path 214; the quick exhaust solenoid valve coil 402 is not energized, and the quick exhaust spool armature 409 is in Figure 4Position, at this time the quick exhaust port flow channel 404 of the quick exhaust valve is sealed by the quick exhaust spool armature 409. High-pressure fuel reaches the position of the quick exhaust valve assembly 210 through the fuel main flow channel 214. The fuel is divided and enters the quick exhaust valve assembly 210 from the fuel left inlet hole 510. Since the quick exhaust port flow channel 404 of the quick exhaust valve is sealed by the quick exhaust spool armature 409, the fuel (initially air) in the quick exhaust valve quick exhaust port flow channel 503 connected to the quick exhaust port flow channel 404 cannot be discharged. The high-pressure fuel in the fuel main flow channel 214 enters the fuel left chamber 508 of the spool through the quick exhaust valve inlet flow channel 509, and then enters the left chamber 506 of the quick exhaust valve through the fuel left inlet hole 510. Under the action of the pressure, the quick exhaust valve spool return spring 512 is compressed, but soon reaches equilibrium. The distance that the quick exhaust valve spool 507 moves is not enough to connect the supercharger fuel flow channel 505. Therefore, the fuel reaching the position of the quick exhaust valve assembly 210 flows downstream and enters the chamber where the supercharger piston spring 606 of the supercharger assembly 209 is located through the one-way valve, and flows into the high-pressure fuel chamber 804 through the fuel downstream flow channel 712. At this time, the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is not energized. The needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 presses the ball valve 706 tightly under the action of the needle valve solenoid control valve spring 702, and the fuel cannot be depressurized. The high-pressure fuel enters the pressure chamber 809 and the buffer lower ring chamber 802 through the pressure chamber input hole 803. Under the action of the pressure, the needle valve return spring 805 elongates, and the needle valve body 806 moves downward to seal the spray hole 807; when the needle valve solenoid control valve coil 703 is energized, the needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 moves upward, the ball valve 706 loses its fixation, the fuel enters through the throttle hole 708 to lift the ball valve 706, the fuel enters the pressure relief lower chamber 709, then passes through the pressure relief downstream flow channel 710, and finally flows out through the discharge holes 711 on both sides of the needle valve solenoid control valve armature 705 into the recovery flow channel 701.As the fuel in the pressure chamber 809 decreases, the needle valve body 806 is forced to move upward. When the upper convex annular groove enters the buffer lower ring chamber 802, it will squeeze the fuel. Since the fuel is compressed and its volume decreases, a relatively large downward pressure on the needle valve body 806 is caused, and the needle valve body 806 slowly returns to its original position, thus well protecting the loss caused by the rapid impact between the needle valve body 806 and the lower body of the injector 204. At this time, the fuel in the high-pressure fuel chamber 804 can be sprayed through the spray hole 807. The quick exhaust solenoid valve assembly 202 is in the energized state. The quick exhaust solenoid valve coil 402 is energized to generate an electromagnetic force, which attracts the quick exhaust spool armature 409 to move, compressing the quick exhaust solenoid valve spring 410. The positive annular groove 407 is connected to the quick exhaust port flow path 404 of the quick exhaust valve. At this time, the fuel (initially air) in the spool quick exhaust flow path 503 connected to the quick exhaust port flow path 404 of the quick exhaust valve is discharged. The fuel in the fuel main flow path 214 enters the fuel left chamber 508 of the spool through the quick exhaust valve inlet flow path 509, and then enters the left chamber 506 of the quick exhaust valve through the fuel left inlet hole 510. Under the pressure, the quick exhaust valve spool return spring 512 is compressed to the maximum compression amount, and the fuel right inlet hole 511 is blocked. The quick exhaust valve spool 507 moves to the right end. At this time, the fuel flowing into the left chamber 506 of the quick exhaust valve from the fuel main flow path 214 enters the supercharger assembly 209 through the supercharger fuel flow path 505. The fuel reaching the position of the quick exhaust valve assembly 210 flows downward along the one-way valve and enters the chamber where the supercharger piston spring 606 of the supercharger assembly 209 is located. At this time, the large end area of the supercharger piston 601 is larger than the small end area. During the downward movement of the supercharger piston 601, the fuel in the chamber of the supercharger piston spring 606 is pressurized and flows into the high-pressure fuel chamber 804 through the fuel downstream flow path 712. At this time, the needle valve solenoid valve coil 703 is not energized, and the needle valve solenoid valve armature 705 presses the ball valve 706 tightly under the action of the needle valve solenoid valve spring 702, and the fuel cannot pass through. The needle valve body 806 is located at the uppermost position under the action of the needle valve return spring 805. The high-pressure fuel enters the pressure chamber 809 and the buffer lower ring chamber 802 through the pressure chamber input hole 803. Under the pressure, the needle valve return spring 805 extends, and the needle valve body 806 moves downward to seal the spray hole 807. Energize the needle valve solenoid valve coil 703, the needle valve solenoid valve armature 705 moves upward, the ball valve 706 loses its fixation, the fuel enters through the throttle hole 708 to lift the ball valve 706, the fuel enters the pressure relief lower chamber 709, then passes through the pressure relief downstream flow path 710, and finally flows out through the discharge holes 711 on both sides of the needle valve solenoid valve armature 705 into the recovery flow path 701.As the fuel in the pressure chamber 809 decreases, the fuel injection valve body 806 moves upward under the force. When the upper convex annular groove enters the lower buffer ring chamber 802, it will squeeze the fuel. Since the fuel is compressed and its volume decreases, a relatively large downward pressure on the fuel injection valve body 806 is caused, and the fuel injection valve body 806 slowly returns to its original position, thus well protecting the loss caused by the rapid impact between the fuel injection valve body 806 and the lower body of the injector 204. At this time, the fuel in the high-pressure fuel chamber 804 can be injected through the injection hole 807. At the same time, the pressure relief solenoid control valve coil 301 is energized, and the pressure relief spool armature 304 moves to the right to seal the fuel main flow channel 214. Because the fuel supply in the high-pressure fuel common rail 104 is suspended, the fuel in the main fuel flow channel 214 is connected to the injection hole 807 to complete pressure relief, and the fuel flowing into the left fuel chamber 508 of the spool is depressurized. Under the action of the quick exhaust valve spool return spring 512, the quick exhaust valve spool 507 moves to the leftmost end, and the pressurizing chamber 607 is connected to the right chamber 504 of the quick exhaust valve. At this time, the needle valve solenoid control valve 207 is de-energized, and the fuel injection valve body 806 seals the injection hole 807. The pressurizing piston 601 returns to its original position under the action of the pressurizing piston spring 606. The pressurizing piston 601 quickly returns to its original position. When the convex annular groove on the outer circle of the large end enters the upper buffer upper ring chamber 609, it will squeeze the fuel. Since the fuel is compressed and its volume decreases, a relatively large downward pressure on the pressurizing piston 601 is caused, and the pressurizing piston 601 returns to its original position at a slow speed, thus reducing the loss generated when the pressurizing piston 601 impacts the injector intermediate body 208. After the pressurizing piston 601 returns to its original position, the quick exhaust solenoid control valve coil 402 is de-energized, and the quick exhaust spool armature 409 moves downward. The quick exhaust spool armature 409 seals the spool quick exhaust flow channel 503. At this time, the pressure relief solenoid control valve coil 301 is de-energized, and the pressure relief spool armature 304 moves to the left, and the side annular groove 307 is connected to the fuel main flow channel 214. At this time, the injector 101 returns to its initial state. Repeating this process can complete the boot-shaped injection mode, and this injection method is beneficial to the fuel combustion process.

Claims

1. A buffer quick - exhaust multi - mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system, characterized in that, It includes an injector (101), a high-pressure fuel inlet pipeline (102), a high-pressure fuel common rail pipe (104), a high-pressure fuel input pump (106) and a fuel tank (108); the high-pressure fuel common rail pipe (104), the high-pressure fuel input pump (106) and the fuel tank (108) are successively connected by pipelines. A filter (107) is provided between the high-pressure fuel input pump (106) and the fuel tank (108). One end of the high-pressure fuel common rail pipe (104) is equipped with a pressure sensor (105). An outlet (103) is provided on the high-pressure fuel common rail pipe (104). The outlet (103) is communicated with the injector (101). The injector (101) is also communicated with one end of a high-pressure fuel output pipeline (109). The other end of the high-pressure fuel output pipeline (109) is communicated with the fuel tank (108); The injector (101) is one or more. Each injector (101) is communicated with a corresponding outlet (103). The injector (101) includes a quick exhaust solenoid valve assembly (202), an injector lower body (204), a needle valve assembly (205), an injector lower body sleeve (206), a needle valve solenoid valve assembly (207), an injector intermediate body (208), a supercharger assembly (209), a quick exhaust valve assembly (210), an injector upper body sleeve (211), a pressure relief solenoid valve assembly (213) and an injector upper body (215); The pressure relief solenoid valve assembly (213) and the quick exhaust solenoid valve assembly (202) are installed in the injector upper body (215). The quick exhaust valve assembly (210) is communicated with the quick exhaust solenoid valve assembly (202) through a flow channel. The supercharger assembly (209) is installed above the injector intermediate body (208) and is connected with the quick exhaust valve assembly (210) through a flow channel. The needle valve solenoid valve assembly (207) is installed below the injector intermediate body (208). The injector upper body sleeve (211) presses the structure of the injector upper body (215). The needle valve solenoid valve assembly (207) is connected with the injector lower body (204). The injector lower body (204) is internally provided with a needle valve assembly (205); a fuel recovery main flow channel (201) and a fuel recovery sub-flow channel (212) for recovering the fuel of the quick exhaust solenoid valve assembly (202) and the pressure relief solenoid valve assembly (213) are opened above the injector upper body (215); A fuel recovery flow channel (203) for recovering the fuel of the supercharger assembly (209) is opened in the injector intermediate body (208). The injector lower body sleeve (206) is connected with the injector intermediate body (208); a fuel main flow channel (214) is opened above the injector upper body (215); The pressure relief solenoid valve assembly (213) includes a pressure relief solenoid valve coil (301), a pressure relief solenoid valve spring (302), a pressure relief spool armature (304) and a pressure relief solenoid valve iron core (311); The iron core (311) of the pressure relief solenoid control valve is fixed in the upper body (215) of the injector. The pressure relief solenoid control valve coil (301) is arranged in the iron core (311) of the pressure relief solenoid control valve. A pressure relief solenoid valve spring (302) is fixedly installed at the central position of the iron core (311) of the pressure relief solenoid control valve. One end of the pressure relief solenoid valve spring (302) presses tightly against the pressure relief spool armature (304). A pressure relief side cavity (306) is formed between the end of the pressure relief spool armature (304) and the upper body (215) of the injector. A side circular groove (307) is formed on the valve stem of the pressure relief spool armature (304). The side circular groove (307) is connected to the fuel flow passage (310). Side discharge holes (309) are formed on both sides of the pressure relief spool armature (304). A side recovery left flow passage (303) connected to the fuel recovery main flow passage (201) in the injector is arranged at the center of the right end face of the pressure relief solenoid control valve assembly (213). A side right recovery flow passage (305) communicating with the pressure relief side cavity (306) is arranged on the left end face of the pressure relief side cavity (306). A discharge flow cavity (308) is arranged inside the pressure relief solenoid control valve assembly (213). The discharge flow cavity (308) is located between the pressure relief spool armature (304) and the pressure relief solenoid valve spring (302).

2. The buffer quick exhaust multi-mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system according to claim 1, wherein The quick exhaust solenoid control valve assembly (202) includes a quick exhaust solenoid control valve coil (402), a quick exhaust solenoid control valve iron core (403), a quick exhaust spool armature (409) and a quick exhaust solenoid valve spring (410). The quick exhaust solenoid control valve iron core (403) is fixed in the upper body (215) of the injector. Two quick exhaust solenoid control valve coils (402) are arranged in the quick exhaust solenoid control valve iron core (403). A quick exhaust solenoid valve spring (410) is fixedly installed at the central position of the quick exhaust solenoid control valve iron core (403). One end of the quick exhaust solenoid valve spring (410) presses tightly against the quick exhaust spool armature (409). A positive pressure relief groove (406) is formed between the end of the quick exhaust spool armature (409) and the upper body (215) of the injector. A positive circular groove (407) is formed on the valve stem of the quick exhaust spool armature (409). The positive circular groove (407) is communicated with the quick exhaust port flow passage (404) of the quick exhaust valve. A right recovery flow passage (405) is arranged on the right end face of the positive pressure relief groove (406) below the quick exhaust solenoid control valve assembly (202). The left side of the right recovery flow passage (405) is communicated with the positive pressure relief groove (406), and the upper side is communicated with the quick exhaust port flow passage (404) of the quick exhaust valve. A positive recovery left flow passage (401) is arranged at the center of the upper end face of the quick exhaust solenoid control valve assembly (202). The positive recovery left flow passage (401) is connected to the fuel recovery main flow passage (201) in the injector. Discharge holes (408) are formed on the large head part above the quick exhaust spool armature (409). The discharge holes (408) are through holes and are symmetrically distributed at four positions on the circular surface.

3. A buffer quick exhaust multi-mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The quick exhaust valve assembly (210) includes a quick exhaust valve body (501), a valve core fuel right chamber (502), a valve core quick exhaust flow channel (503), a quick exhaust valve right chamber (504), a supercharger fuel flow channel (505), a quick exhaust valve left chamber (506), a quick exhaust valve core (507), a valve core fuel left chamber (508), a quick exhaust valve inlet flow channel (509), a fuel left inlet hole (510), a fuel right inlet hole (511), and a quick exhaust valve core return spring (512); The quick exhaust valve body (501) is fixed in the injector upper body (215). The valve core fuel right chamber (502) is located at the center of the right cylinder of the quick exhaust valve core (507) and is a cylindrical chamber. The valve core quick exhaust flow channel (503) is located at the center of the right end face of the quick exhaust valve assembly (210) and is connected to the quick exhaust port flow channel (404) of the quick exhaust valve. The quick exhaust valve right chamber (504) is located inside the quick exhaust valve assembly (210) and is connected to the supercharger fuel flow channel (505). The supercharger fuel flow channel (505) is located on the right side near the center of the lower cylindrical surface of the quick exhaust valve assembly (210) and is connected to the quick exhaust valve right chamber (504). The quick exhaust valve left chamber (506) is located inside the quick exhaust valve assembly (210). The quick exhaust valve core (507) is in clearance fit with the quick exhaust valve body (501) and is installed in the quick exhaust valve body (501). The valve core fuel left chamber (508) is located at the center of the left cylinder of the quick exhaust valve core (507) and is a cylindrical chamber. The quick exhaust valve inlet flow channel (509) is located at the center of the left end face of the quick exhaust valve assembly (210) and is connected to the main fuel flow channel (214). The fuel left inlet hole (510) is located at the rightmost of the left cylinder of the quick exhaust valve core (507), with two rectangular holes opened, symmetrically distributed, each occupying 45 degrees of the whole circle. The fuel right inlet hole (511) is located at the leftmost of the right cylinder of the quick exhaust valve core (507), with two rectangular holes opened, symmetrically distributed. The quick exhaust valve core return spring (512) passes through the right end of the quick exhaust valve core (507) and is installed in the quick exhaust valve body (501).

4. A buffer quick exhaust multi-mode variable supercharging electronic control fuel injection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supercharger assembly (209) includes a supercharging piston (601) and a supercharging piston spring (606); The supercharging piston (601) is installed in the injector intermediate body (208). One end of the supercharging piston spring (606) contacts the injector intermediate body (208), and the other end contacts the supercharging piston (601). After assembly, the supercharging piston spring (606) is in a pre-tightened state. A low-pressure chamber (604) and a supercharging chamber (607) are formed between the supercharging piston (601) and the injector intermediate body (208). A ring groove is formed by a protrusion on the outer circle of the large end of the supercharging piston (601). An upper buffer upper ring chamber (609) is formed between the ring groove and the injector intermediate body (208). Two piston fan-shaped grooves (610) for discharging fuel are provided on the inner wall of the ring groove in contact with the large end face of the supercharging piston (601). A leakage chamber (602) is provided between the supercharger (601) and the injector intermediate body (208). A leakage fuel discharge port (603) is provided at the center of the right cylindrical surface of the leakage chamber (602). The leakage fuel discharge port (603) is communicated with the leakage chamber (602). A one-way valve (605) is provided on the left side of the center of the left cylindrical surface of the low-pressure chamber (604). The left side of the one-way valve (605) is communicated with the fuel main flow channel (214), and the right side is communicated with the low-pressure chamber (604). A supercharger fuel flow channel (608) is provided on the left side of the center of the upper end face of the supercharging chamber (607). The upper side of the supercharger fuel flow channel (608) is communicated with the supercharger fuel flow channel (505), and the lower side is communicated with the supercharging chamber (607).

5. A buffer quick exhaust multi-mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The needle valve solenoid control valve (207) includes a needle valve solenoid control valve spring (702), a needle valve solenoid control valve coil (703), a needle valve solenoid control valve iron core (704), a needle valve solenoid control valve armature (705), and a ball valve (706); The iron core (704) of the needle valve solenoid control valve is fixed in the injector intermediate body (208). The solenoid coil (703) of the needle valve solenoid control valve is within the iron core (704) of the needle valve solenoid control valve. The needle valve solenoid control valve spring (702) is fixedly installed at the central position of the iron core (704) of the needle valve solenoid control valve. One end of the needle valve solenoid control valve spring (702) presses tightly against the armature (705) of the needle valve solenoid control valve. The end of the armature (705) of the needle valve solenoid control valve is connected to the ball valve (706) and a pressure relief lower chamber (709) is formed between the armature and the lower body (204) of the injector. A recovery flow passage (701) is provided at the center of the upper end face of the needle valve solenoid control valve assembly (207). A throttle flow passage (707) is provided in the lower body (204) of the injector. The throttle flow passage (707) contacts the ball valve (706) above and is communicated with the throttle orifice (708) below. The throttle orifice (708) is located in the lower body of the injector, communicated with the throttle flow passage (707) above and the needle valve fuel inlet (801) below. The pressure relief lower flow passage (710) is located in the lower body of the injector, communicated with the inside of the needle valve solenoid control valve assembly (207) above and the pressure relief lower chamber (709) below. The upper large-head part of the armature (705) of the needle valve solenoid control valve is provided with discharge holes (711), which are through holes and symmetrically distributed at four positions on the circular surface. A fuel lower flow passage (712) is provided in the injector intermediate body and the lower body of the injector, and is communicated with the low-pressure chamber (604) above.

6. A buffer quick exhaust multi-mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The needle valve assembly (205) includes a needle valve return spring (805), a needle valve body (806) and a needle valve sleeve (808). The needle valve sleeve (808) is fixed in the lower body (204) of the injector. The lower end of the needle valve sleeve (808) communicates with the needle valve return spring (805). The needle valve return spring (805) uses the boss on the needle valve body (806) as the spring seat. The needle valve return spring (805) is in a pre-tightened state. The needle valve body (806) and the lower body (204) of the injector form a high-pressure fuel chamber (804). There is a pressure chamber (809) between the needle valve body (806), the needle valve sleeve (808) and the lower body (204) of the injector. A ring groove is formed by a protrusion on the outer circle at the upper end of the needle valve body (806). A buffer lower ring chamber (802) is formed between the ring groove and the lower body (204) of the injector. Two valve body sector grooves (811) for discharging fuel are provided on the inner wall of the ring groove in contact with the upper end face of the needle valve body (806); A high-pressure fuel input flow channel (801) is provided in the lower body of the injector. The upper part of the high-pressure fuel input flow channel (801) communicates with the fuel downward flow channel (712), and the lower part communicates with the high-pressure fuel chamber (804); A pressure chamber input hole (803) is provided in the needle valve sleeve (808), which communicates with the pressure chamber (809) on the left side and the high-pressure fuel chamber (804) on the right side; A spray hole (807) is provided below the lower body of the injector, which is an inclined through hole. The two holes are symmetrically distributed and communicate with the high-pressure fuel chamber (804) when the needle valve is opened and closed; The high-pressure fuel input flow channel (810) is located in the lower body (204) of the injector, communicates with the fuel downward flow channel (712) at the upper part, and communicates with the high-pressure fuel chamber (804) at the lower part.

7. A buffer fast exhaust multi-mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system according to claim 4, characterized in that The large end of the supercharging piston (601) is structurally designed with a protruding ring groove, and a buffer chamber is provided in the upper body (215) of the injector to cooperate with the ring groove.

8. A buffer quick exhaust multi-mode variable supercharging electronically controlled fuel injection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper end of the needle valve body (806) is structurally designed with a protruding ring groove, and a buffer chamber is provided in the lower body (204) of the injector to cooperate with the ring groove.

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