A substation battery pack operation and maintenance method and device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of substation battery pack operation and maintenance method and device, belong to battery technology field, method includes: according to pre-constructed battery pack health degree score matrix and single battery health degree score matrix, obtain battery pack health degree score and single battery health degree score;According to the battery pack health degree score and single battery health degree score, obtain operation and maintenance scheme;Wherein, the battery pack health degree score matrix is constructed according to pre-constructed consistency evaluation level and its corresponding consistency evaluation index acquisition, and the single battery health degree score matrix is constructed according to single battery evaluation index and its corresponding weight acquisition.The method can evaluate the health degree of battery pack, and give corresponding operation and maintenance scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method and apparatus for the operation and maintenance of substation battery banks, belonging to the field of battery technology. Background Technology

[0002] The DC power supply system for substations is crucial for the safe operation of substations, bearing the heavy responsibility of providing stable and reliable power to monitoring, operation, control, protection, and auxiliary equipment. A failure in this system can threaten the operation of both the substation and the power grid, potentially leading to severe equipment damage and widespread power outages. Lead-acid batteries, with their advantages of high safety, low cost, and mature manufacturing processes, have long been used in substations as backup power for power dispatching and control.

[0003] Currently, substations use a verification charge-discharge test method to assess the condition of batteries. This method involves a large workload, long intervals, and low automation. In particular, the verification of battery capacity requires manual verification using mobile maintenance equipment, which presents problems such as numerous and heavy pieces of equipment, complicated wiring, complex operation, and high risks. There is a need to find a more effective means to monitor the operating status of batteries, detect potential safety hazards in advance, and ensure the stable operation of the substation's DC power supply system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for the operation and maintenance of substation battery banks, which can assess the health of battery banks and provide corresponding operation and maintenance solutions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for the operation and maintenance of a substation battery bank, comprising:

[0007] Based on the pre-constructed battery pack health score matrix and individual battery health score matrix, obtain the battery pack health score and individual battery health score.

[0008] Based on the health scores of the battery pack and individual cells, an operation and maintenance plan is obtained.

[0009] The battery pack health rating matrix is ​​constructed based on a pre-built consistency evaluation level and its corresponding consistency evaluation index, while the individual battery health rating matrix is ​​constructed based on the individual battery evaluation index and its corresponding weight.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, furthermore, based on the pre-constructed consistency evaluation levels and their corresponding consistency evaluation indicators, a battery pack health score matrix is ​​constructed and obtained, including:

[0011] Based on the probability that a consistency evaluation indicator falls within the range of consistency evaluation indicators corresponding to a consistency evaluation level, a fuzzy relationship matrix between consistency evaluation indicators and consistency evaluation levels is constructed.

[0012] Based on the fuzzy relation matrix and the weights of each consistency evaluation index, a battery pack health score matrix is ​​constructed.

[0013] The consistency evaluation indicators include the voltage range, voltage standard deviation, temperature range, temperature standard deviation, and internal resistance deviation rate of the battery pack within the statistical period.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, the calculation formula for the voltage range is as shown in formula (1):

[0015] ΔU max =U max -U min (1)

[0016] In formula (1), ΔU max U represents the voltage range of the battery pack within the statistical period. max U min These are the highest and lowest individual cell voltages in the same battery group;

[0017] The formula for calculating the standard deviation of voltage is shown in formula (2):

[0018]

[0019] In formula (2), δ U U represents the standard deviation of the battery pack's voltage over the statistical period, where i is the i-th battery in the battery pack, n is the total number of batteries in the battery pack, and U... i U is the voltage of the i-th cell in the battery pack. a This represents the average voltage of the battery pack.

[0020] The formula for calculating the temperature range is shown in formula (3):

[0021] ΔT max =T max -T min (3)

[0022] In formula (3), ΔT max T represents the temperature range of the battery pack within the statistical period. max T min These are the highest and lowest individual cell temperatures in the same battery group.

[0023] The formula for calculating the temperature standard deviation is shown in formula (4):

[0024]

[0025] In formula (4), δ T T represents the standard deviation of the battery pack's temperature over the statistical period. i Let T be the temperature of the i-th cell in the battery pack. a This represents the average temperature of the battery pack.

[0026] The formula for calculating the internal resistance deviation rate is shown in formula (5):

[0027]

[0028] In formula (5), τ R R is the internal resistance deviation rate of the battery pack during the statistical period. i R is the internal resistance of the i-th cell in the battery pack. std This is the standard internal resistance value of the batteries in the battery pack.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect, furthermore, the consistency evaluation level includes excellent, good, average, and poor, and the expression of the battery pack health rating matrix is ​​shown in formula (6):

[0030]

[0031] In formula (6), S is the battery pack health rating matrix, s1, s2, s3, and s4 are the battery pack health assessment values ​​under the consistency evaluation levels of Excellent, Good, Medium, and Poor, and W is the weight vector composed of the weights of each consistency evaluation index. nΔU w U n δU w T n ΔT w T n δT w R The weights of voltage range, voltage standard deviation, temperature range, temperature standard deviation, and internal resistance deviation rate are given by w. U w T w R Let n be the weight of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance in the battery pack health score. ΔU n δU n represents the weights of the range and standard deviation in the battery pack voltage consistency score. ΔT n δT Here, H represents the weights of the range and standard deviation in the battery pack temperature consistency score, and m represents the fuzzy relation matrix. ΔU1 m ΔU2 m ΔU3 m ΔU4 m represents the probability that the voltage range value falls within the voltage range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor.δU1 m δU2 m δU3 m δU4 m represents the probability that the voltage standard deviation falls within the range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. ΔT1 m ΔT2 m ΔT3 m ΔT4 m represents the probability that the temperature range falls within the temperature range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. δT1 m δT2 m δT3 m δT4 m represents the probability that the temperature standard deviation falls within the temperature standard deviation range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. τR1 m τR2 m τR3 m τR4 The probability that the internal resistance deviation rate falls within the range of the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Medium, and Poor;

[0032] In the battery pack health rating matrix S, if s4≠0, the consistency evaluation level is poor and the battery pack health score is b4, b4=59×(1-s4).

[0033] If s4 = 0 and max(s1,s2,s3) = s1, then the consistency evaluation level is excellent, and the battery pack health score is b1.

[0034] If s4 = 0 and max(s1,s2,s3) = s2, then the consistency evaluation level is good, and the battery pack health score is b2.

[0035] If s4 = 0 and max(s1,s2,s3) = s3, then the consistency evaluation level is medium, and the battery pack health score is b3.

[0036] In conjunction with the first aspect, further, based on the battery pack health score, the operation and maintenance plan includes:

[0037] If the battery pack health score is b1, then the maintenance plan is continuous monitoring.

[0038] If the battery pack health score is b2, the maintenance plan is to perform equalization charging.

[0039] If the battery pack health score is b3, the maintenance plan is to conduct an effectiveness test.

[0040] If the battery pack health score is b4, the maintenance plan is to perform capacity verification.

[0041] In conjunction with the first aspect, furthermore, based on the individual cell evaluation indicators and their corresponding weights, a health score matrix for individual cells is constructed, including:

[0042] Based on the retention rate of individual battery evaluation indicators with that of the battery pack in each statistical period, a consistency score matrix for individual batteries in each statistical period is constructed to obtain the consistency score matrix for individual batteries in each statistical period.

[0043] Based on the consistency scoring matrix and the weights of each individual battery evaluation index, a single health score matrix for each individual battery in each statistical period is constructed.

[0044] Based on the single health score matrix and the weights corresponding to each statistical period, a single battery health score matrix is ​​constructed.

[0045] The evaluation indicators for a single cell include the voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of the single cell in each statistical period.

[0046] In conjunction with the first aspect, the expression for the consistency scoring matrix is ​​further shown in formula (7):

[0047]

[0048] In formula (7), A j Let a be the consistency score matrix of a single cell in the j-th statistical period, where j is the j-th statistical period. Uj a Tj a Rj Let be the consistency score of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single cell in the j-th statistical period, and let U1, T1, and R1 be the mean values ​​of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single cell in the 1-th statistical period. U represents the average voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of all batteries in the battery pack during the first statistical period. j T j R j Let U be the average voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single cell during the j-th statistical period. j-1 T j-1 R j-1 The average values ​​of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single cell during the (j-1)th statistical period are given.

[0049] The expression for the single health score matrix is ​​shown in formula (8):

[0050] P j =N′A j ,j≥1 (8)

[0051] In formula (8), P j Let N be the single health score matrix of a single battery cell in the j-th statistical period, and let N′ be the weight vector composed of the weights of the evaluation indicators of each single battery cell.

[0052] The expression for the single-cell health rating matrix is ​​shown in formula (9):

[0053]

[0054] In formula (9), Q is the single-cell health rating matrix, W′ is the weight vector composed of the weights corresponding to each statistical period, P1 is the single-cell health rating matrix of the single cell in the first statistical period, P2 is the single-cell health rating matrix of the single cell in the second statistical period, and P... J Let J be the single health score matrix of a single battery cell in the Jth statistical period, where J is the total number of statistical periods.

[0055] The value of Q in the single-cell battery health rating matrix is ​​the single-cell battery health score.

[0056] In conjunction with the first aspect, further, based on the individual battery health score, the operation and maintenance plan includes:

[0057] If the health score of the individual battery cell is greater than or equal to 90, the operation and maintenance plan is continuous monitoring;

[0058] If the health score of the individual battery cell is greater than or equal to 80 and less than 90, then the operation and maintenance plan will be a key focus.

[0059] If the health score of the individual battery cell is less than 80, the maintenance solution is to recommend replacement.

[0060] Secondly, the present invention provides a substation battery bank operation and maintenance device, comprising:

[0061] Score Acquisition Module: Used to obtain the battery pack health score and the individual battery health score based on the pre-built battery pack health score matrix and the individual battery health score matrix;

[0062] Operation and maintenance plan acquisition module: used to acquire operation and maintenance plans based on the health score of the battery pack and the health score of individual cells;

[0063] The battery pack health rating matrix is ​​constructed based on a pre-built consistency evaluation level and its corresponding consistency evaluation index, while the individual battery health rating matrix is ​​constructed based on the individual battery evaluation index and its corresponding weight.

[0064] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0065] The substation battery bank operation and maintenance method provided by this invention obtains the battery bank health score and the individual battery health score based on the battery bank health score matrix and the individual battery health score matrix, and further obtains the operation and maintenance plan. It can perform fusion analysis on the data within the battery operation cycle based on the battery consistency target without interfering with the normal operation of the battery energy storage system, and realize the assessment of the health of the battery bank and individual batteries within the operation cycle. It has the characteristics of simplicity and accuracy, and can promptly identify problematic battery banks or individual batteries and provide corresponding operation and maintenance plans, providing a basis for efficient and accurate operation and maintenance of battery energy storage systems. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the substation battery pack operation and maintenance method provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery data interface of the substation battery pack operation and maintenance device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery information statistics interface of the substation battery pack operation and maintenance device provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0069] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery health interface of the substation battery pack operation and maintenance device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The technical solution of this patent will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0071] The embodiments of this patent are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this patent, and should not be construed as limiting this patent. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of this application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0072] Example 1:

[0073] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a substation battery bank operation and maintenance method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This flowchart only shows the logical sequence of the method in this embodiment. Provided there are no conflicts, different methods may be used in other possible embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 Complete the steps shown or described in the order indicated.

[0074] The substation battery bank operation and maintenance method provided in this embodiment can be applied to a terminal and can be executed by a substation battery bank operation and maintenance device. This device can be implemented in software and / or hardware and can be integrated into the terminal, such as any tablet computer or computer device with communication capabilities. See also... Figure 1 The method in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Based on the pre-constructed battery pack health score matrix and individual battery health score matrix, obtain the battery pack health score and the individual battery health score.

[0076] The battery pack health score matrix is ​​constructed based on the pre-constructed consistency evaluation level and its corresponding consistency evaluation index, while the individual cell health score matrix is ​​constructed based on the individual cell evaluation index and its corresponding weight.

[0077] The steps to construct and obtain the battery pack health score matrix based on the pre-constructed consistency evaluation level and its corresponding consistency evaluation index are as follows:

[0078] Step A: Based on the probability that the consistency evaluation index falls within the range of consistency evaluation indicators corresponding to the consistency evaluation level, construct a fuzzy relationship matrix between the consistency evaluation index and the consistency evaluation level.

[0079] Step B: Construct a battery pack health score matrix based on the fuzzy relation matrix and the weights of each consistency evaluation index;

[0080] Among them, the consistency evaluation indicators include the voltage range, voltage standard deviation, temperature range, temperature standard deviation, and internal resistance deviation rate of the battery pack within the statistical period.

[0081] The formula for calculating the voltage range is shown in formula (1):

[0082] ΔU max =U max -U min (1)

[0083] In formula (1), ΔU max U represents the voltage range of the battery pack within the statistical period. max U min These represent the highest and lowest individual cell voltages in the same battery group.

[0084] The formula for calculating the standard deviation of voltage is shown in formula (2):

[0085]

[0086] In formula (2), δ UU represents the standard deviation of the battery pack's voltage over the statistical period, where i is the i-th battery in the battery pack, n is the total number of batteries in the battery pack, and U... i U is the voltage of the i-th cell in the battery pack. a This represents the average voltage of the battery pack.

[0087] The formula for calculating the temperature range is shown in formula (3):

[0088] ΔT max =T max -T min (3)

[0089] In formula (3), ΔT max T represents the temperature range of the battery pack within the statistical period. max T min These are the highest and lowest individual cell temperatures in the same battery group.

[0090] The formula for calculating the standard deviation of temperature is shown in formula (4):

[0091]

[0092] In formula (4), δ T T represents the standard deviation of the battery pack's temperature over the statistical period. i Let T be the temperature of the i-th cell in the battery pack. a This represents the average temperature of the battery pack.

[0093] The formula for calculating the internal resistance deviation rate is shown in formula (5):

[0094]

[0095] In formula (5), τ R R is the internal resistance deviation rate of the battery pack during the statistical period. i R is the internal resistance of the i-th cell in the battery pack. std This is the standard internal resistance value of the batteries in the battery pack.

[0096] The consistency evaluation levels include excellent, good, medium, and poor. The expression for the battery pack health rating matrix is ​​shown in formula (6):

[0097]

[0098] In formula (6), S is the battery pack health rating matrix, s1, s2, s3, and s4 are the battery pack health assessment values ​​under the consistency evaluation levels of Excellent, Good, Medium, and Poor, and W is the weight vector composed of the weights of each consistency evaluation index. U n ΔU w U nδU w T n ΔT w T n δT w R The weights of voltage range, voltage standard deviation, temperature range, temperature standard deviation, and internal resistance deviation rate are given by w. U w T w R In this embodiment, w represents the weight of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance in the battery pack health score. U The value range of w is 0.1-0.3. T The value range of w is 0.1-0.3. R The value range of n is 0.4-0.8. ΔU n δU As the weight of range and standard deviation in the battery pack voltage consistency score, in this embodiment, n ΔU The value range of n is 0.5-0.8. δU The value of n ranges from 0.2 to 0.5. ΔT n δT In this embodiment, n represents the weight of the range and standard deviation in the battery pack temperature consistency score. ΔT The value range of n is 0.5-0.8. δT The value range is 0.2-0.5, H is the fuzzy relation matrix, and m ΔU1 m ΔU2 m ΔU3 m ΔU4 m represents the probability that the voltage range value falls within the voltage range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. δU1 m δU2 m δU3 m δU4 m represents the probability that the voltage standard deviation falls within the range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. ΔT1 m ΔT2 m ΔT3 m ΔT4 m represents the probability that the temperature range falls within the temperature range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. δT1 m δT2 m δT3 m δT4 m represents the probability that the temperature standard deviation falls within the temperature standard deviation range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. τR1 m τR2 m τR3 m τR4This represents the probability that the internal resistance deviation rate falls within the range corresponding to the consistency evaluation levels of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor.

[0099] In the battery pack health rating matrix S, if s4≠0, the consistency evaluation level is poor and the battery pack health score is b4, b4=59×(1-s4).

[0100] If s4 = 0 and max(s1,s2,s3) = s1, then the consistency evaluation level is excellent, and the battery pack health score is b1.

[0101] If s4 = 0 and max(s1,s2,s3) = s2, then the consistency evaluation level is good, and the battery pack health score is b2.

[0102] If s4 = 0 and max(s1,s2,s3) = s3, then the consistency evaluation level is medium, and the battery pack health score is b3.

[0103] The steps to construct a single-cell health score matrix based on the single-cell evaluation indicators and their corresponding weights are as follows:

[0104] Step a: Based on the retention rate of individual battery evaluation indicators with the battery pack in each statistical period, construct a consistency score matrix for individual batteries in each statistical period.

[0105] Step b: Based on the consistency scoring matrix and the weights of each individual battery evaluation index, construct a single health score matrix for each individual battery in each statistical period;

[0106] Step c: Construct and obtain the individual battery health score matrix based on the single health score matrix and the weights corresponding to each statistical period;

[0107] Among them, the evaluation indicators for a single cell include the voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of the single cell in each statistical period.

[0108] The expression for the consistency score matrix is ​​shown in formula (7):

[0109]

[0110] In formula (7), A j Let a be the consistency score matrix of a single cell in the j-th statistical period, where j is the j-th statistical period. Uj a Tj a RjLet be the consistency score of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single cell in the j-th statistical period, and let U1, T1, and R1 be the mean values ​​of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single cell in the 1-th statistical period. U represents the average voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of all batteries in the battery pack during the first statistical period. j T j R j Let U be the average voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single cell during the j-th statistical period. j-1 T j-1 R j-1 The average values ​​of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single cell during the (j-1)th statistical period are given.

[0111] The expression for a single health score matrix is ​​shown in formula (8):

[0112] P j =N′A j ,j≥1 (8)

[0113] In formula (8), P j Let N' be the single health score matrix of a single battery cell in the j-th statistical period, and let N' be the weight vector composed of the weights of the evaluation indicators of each single battery cell, N' = [n U′ n T′ n R′ ], where n U′ n T′ n R′ As the weight of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single cell within a certain statistical period, in this embodiment, n U′ The value range of n is 0.1-0.3. T′ The value range of n is 0.1-0.3. R′ The value range is 0.4-0.8.

[0114] The expression for the single-cell health rating matrix is ​​shown in formula (9):

[0115]

[0116] In formula (9), Q is the single-cell battery health rating matrix, and W′ is a weight vector composed of the weights corresponding to each statistical period, W′=[w 1′ w 2′ … w j′ … w J′ ], where w 1′ w represents the weight corresponding to the first statistical period. 2′ w represents the weight corresponding to the second statistical period. j′ w represents the weight corresponding to the j-th statistical period. J′For the weight corresponding to the Jth statistical period, in this embodiment, w 1′ The range of values ​​is w 2′ The range of values ​​is w j′ The range of values ​​is w J′ The range of values ​​is P1 is the single health score matrix of a single battery cell in the first statistical period, and P2 is the single health score matrix of a single battery cell in the second statistical period. J Let J be the single health score matrix of a single battery cell in the Jth statistical period, where J is the total number of statistical periods.

[0117] Among them, the value of Q in the single-cell battery health rating matrix is ​​the single-cell battery health score.

[0118] Step 2: Obtain an operation and maintenance plan based on the health scores of the battery pack and individual cells;

[0119] Based on the battery pack health score, the operation and maintenance plan is obtained through the following steps:

[0120] Step 1: If the battery pack health score is b1, the maintenance plan is continuous monitoring;

[0121] Step II: If the battery pack health score is b2, the maintenance plan is to perform equalization charging;

[0122] Step 3: If the battery pack health score is b3, the operation and maintenance plan is to conduct an effectiveness test;

[0123] Step IV: If the battery pack health score is b4, the maintenance plan is to perform capacity verification.

[0124] Based on the health score of individual cells, the operation and maintenance plan is obtained through the following steps:

[0125] Step i: If the health score of a single battery cell is greater than or equal to 90, the operation and maintenance plan is continuous monitoring;

[0126] Step ii: If the health score of a single battery cell is greater than or equal to 80 and less than 90, then the operation and maintenance plan should be given priority.

[0127] Step iii: If the health score of a single battery cell is less than 80, the maintenance solution is to recommend replacement.

[0128] In this embodiment, a group of 7 2V lead-acid batteries were used as the analysis object, and 3 statistical periods were selected, with each statistical period being 1 day, to conduct battery health assessment and analysis.

[0129] (1) Assess and analyze the health of the battery pack.

[0130] In this embodiment, the range of consistency evaluation indicators corresponding to the consistency evaluation levels of Excellent, Good, Medium, and Poor are shown in Table 1.

[0131] Table 1. Range of consistency evaluation indicators corresponding to the consistency evaluation levels of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor.

[0132]

[0133] The consistency evaluation index values ​​are calculated using the formulas for voltage range, voltage standard deviation, temperature range, temperature standard deviation, and internal resistance deviation rate. Then, based on the probability that the consistency evaluation index values ​​fall within the range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor, a fuzzy relationship matrix H between the consistency evaluation index and the consistency evaluation grade is constructed.

[0134]

[0135] In this embodiment, the weight n of the range in the battery pack voltage consistency score ΔU A value of 0.5 is selected, and the weight n of the standard deviation in the battery pack voltage consistency score is... δU A value of 0.5 is selected, and the weight n of the range in the battery pack temperature consistency score is... ΔT A value of 0.5 is selected, and the weight n of the standard deviation in the battery pack temperature consistency score is... δT Selecting 0.5, the weight w of the battery pack voltage in the battery pack health score. U Selecting 0.2, the weight w of battery pack temperature in the battery pack health score. T Selecting 0.2, the weight w of the battery pack's internal resistance in the battery pack health score. R Choosing 0.6, the weight vector W, composed of the weights of each consistency index, is:

[0136] W = [0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6]

[0137] Calculate and obtain the battery pack health score matrix S:

[0138] S=[s1 s2 s3 s4]=[0.892 0.077 0.03 0]

[0139] If s4 = 0 and max(s1,s2,s3) = s1, then the consistency evaluation level is excellent, and the battery pack health score is b1. The operation and maintenance plan involves continuous monitoring.

[0140] (2) Assess and analyze the health of individual cells.

[0141] In this embodiment, based on the consistency score matrix of individual cells in each statistical period, the consistency scores of voltage, temperature and internal resistance of cells 1-7 in the first to third statistical periods are shown in Table 2-4.

[0142] Table 2. Consistency scores of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance for batteries 1-7 during the first statistical period.

[0143] Battery number Voltage consistency score Temperature consistency score Internal resistance consistency score 1 0.99 1 0.98 2 0.99 1 0.97 3 0.99 1 0.98 4 1 1 0.99 5 0.99 0.99 0.98 6 1 1 0.96 7 0.99 1 0.98

[0144] Table 3. Consistency scores of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance for batteries 1-7 during the second statistical period.

[0145] Battery number Voltage consistency score Temperature consistency score Internal resistance consistency score 1 0.99 0.99 0.99 2 0.99 0.98 0.98 3 1 1 0.99 4 1 1 0.98 5 1 1 0.97 6 1 0.99 0.99 7 0.99 0.99 1

[0146] Table 4. Consistency scores of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance for batteries 1-7 during the third statistical period.

[0147] Battery number Voltage consistency score Temperature consistency score Internal resistance consistency score 1 1 1 0.99 2 1 1 1 3 0.99 0.99 1 4 0.99 0.99 0.99 5 0.98 1 0.99 6 1 0.99 0.99 7 1 1 1

[0148] In this embodiment, the weights n of the voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single battery cell are... U′ n T′ n R′ We selected weights w as 0.3, 0.3, and 0.4 for the first, second, and third statistical periods, respectively. 1′ w 2′ w 3′ If the values ​​are 0.3, 0.3, and 0.4, the health scores of batteries 1-7 are shown in Table 5.

[0149] Table 5 Health scores for batteries 1-7

[0150] Battery number Health Score 1 99.21 2 99.04 3 99.31 4 99.24 5 98.82 6 99.03 7 99.49

[0151] According to the health scores of batteries 1-7 in Table 5, the health scores of batteries 1-7 are all greater than 90, and the maintenance plan is continuous monitoring.

[0152] Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that the operation and maintenance plan for both the battery pack and individual cells involves continuous monitoring. To verify the reliability of the analysis results, a verification charge-discharge test was arranged for the battery pack. The results showed that batteries 1-7 were maintained according to the i... 10 After discharging for approximately 10 hours, the terminal voltage dropped to 1.85V, indicating that the battery pack capacity meets the requirements. This test result verifies the effectiveness of the above method.

[0153] The substation battery pack operation and maintenance method provided in this embodiment can, without interfering with the normal operation of the battery energy storage system, perform fuzzy evaluation to fuse and analyze data within the battery operating cycle based on the battery consistency target, thereby assessing the health of the battery pack and individual cells within the operating cycle. It is simple and accurate, and can promptly identify problematic battery packs or individual cells and provide corresponding operation and maintenance solutions, providing a basis for efficient and accurate operation and maintenance of the battery energy storage system.

[0154] Example 2:

[0155] In this embodiment, a group of six 12V lead-acid batteries were used as the analysis object, and three statistical periods were selected, with each statistical period being one day, to conduct battery health assessment and analysis.

[0156] (1) Assess and analyze the health of the battery pack.

[0157] In this embodiment, the range of consistency evaluation indicators corresponding to the consistency evaluation levels of Excellent, Good, Medium, and Poor are shown in Table 6.

[0158] Table 6. Range of consistency evaluation indicators corresponding to the consistency evaluation levels of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor.

[0159]

[0160] The consistency evaluation index values ​​are calculated using the formulas for voltage range, voltage standard deviation, temperature range, temperature standard deviation, and internal resistance deviation rate. Then, based on the probability that the consistency evaluation index values ​​fall within the range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor, a fuzzy relationship matrix H between the consistency evaluation index and the consistency evaluation grade is constructed.

[0161]

[0162] In this embodiment, the weight n of the range in the battery pack voltage consistency score ΔU A value of 0.5 is selected, and the weight n of the standard deviation in the battery pack voltage consistency score is... δU A value of 0.5 is selected, and the weight n of the range in the battery pack temperature consistency score is... ΔT A value of 0.5 is selected, and the weight n of the standard deviation in the battery pack temperature consistency score is... δT Selecting 0.5, the weight w of the battery pack voltage in the battery pack health score. U Selecting 0.2, the weight w of battery pack temperature in the battery pack health score. T Selecting 0.2, the weight w of the battery pack's internal resistance in the battery pack health score. R Choosing 0.6, the weight vector W, composed of the weights of each consistency index, is:

[0163] W = [0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6]

[0164] Calculate and obtain the battery pack health score matrix S:

[0165] S=[s1 s2 s3 s4]=[0.384 0.014 0.074 0.528]

[0166] If s4≠0, then the consistency evaluation level is poor, the battery pack health score is b4, b4=59×(1-s4)=27.848, and the operation and maintenance plan is to implement capacity verification.

[0167] (2) Assess and analyze the health of individual cells.

[0168] In this embodiment, based on the consistency score matrix of individual cells in each statistical period, the consistency scores of voltage, temperature and internal resistance of cells 1-6 in the first to third statistical periods are shown in Tables 7-9.

[0169] Table 7. Consistency scores of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance for batteries 1-6 during the first statistical period.

[0170] Battery number Voltage consistency score Temperature consistency score Internal resistance consistency score 1 0.95 1 0.95 2 0.94 1 0.94 3 0.96 0.99 0.93 4 0.95 1 0.95 5 0.93 1 0.96 6 0.92 1 0.97

[0171] Table 8. Consistency scores of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance for batteries No. 1-6 during the second statistical period.

[0172] Battery number Voltage consistency score Temperature consistency score Internal resistance consistency score 1 0.96 1 0.82 2 0.97 1 0.74 3 0.94 1 0.53 4 0.96 1 0.60 5 0.95 1 0.54 6 0.93 1 0.49

[0173] Table 9. Consistency scores of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance for batteries No. 1-6 during the third statistical period.

[0174] Battery number Voltage consistency score Temperature consistency score Internal resistance consistency score 1 0.96 1 0.84 2 0.96 1 0.68 3 0.95 1 0.62 4 0.97 1 0.55 5 0.96 1 0.46 6 0.94 1 0.43

[0175] In this embodiment, the weights n of the voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single battery cell are... U′ n T′ n R′ We selected weights w as 0.2, 0.2, and 0.6 for the first, second, and third statistical periods, respectively. 1′ w 2′ w 3′ If the values ​​are 0.1, 0.1, and 0.8, the health scores of batteries 1-6 are shown in Table 10.

[0176] Table 10 Health scores for batteries 1-6

[0177] Battery number Health Score 1 90.12 2 81.90 3 77.50 4 75.04 5 70.20 6 68.14

[0178] According to the health scores of batteries 1-6 in Table 10, batteries 3-6 have a health score of less than 80, and the maintenance plan for batteries 3-6 is to recommend replacement. Battery 2 has a health score of more than 80 and less than 90, and the maintenance plan for battery 2 is to focus on monitoring. Battery 1 has a health score of more than 90, and the maintenance plan for battery 1 is to continuously monitor it.

[0179] Based on the above analysis, the maintenance plan for the battery pack is to perform capacity verification; the maintenance plan for batteries 3-6 is to recommend replacement; the maintenance plan for battery 2 is to focus on monitoring; and the maintenance plan for battery 1 is to continuously monitor. To verify the reliability of the analysis results, a verification charge-discharge test was arranged for this battery pack. The results show that batteries 3-6, when maintained according to the instructions... 10 After approximately 7 hours of discharge, the terminal voltage dropped to 1.85V, and this experimental result verified the effectiveness of the above method.

[0180] Example 3:

[0181] This embodiment provides a substation battery bank operation and maintenance device, including:

[0182] Score Acquisition Module: Used to obtain the battery pack health score and the individual battery health score based on the pre-built battery pack health score matrix and the individual battery health score matrix;

[0183] Operation and maintenance plan acquisition module: used to acquire operation and maintenance plans based on the health score of the battery pack and the health score of individual cells;

[0184] The battery pack health score matrix is ​​constructed based on the pre-built consistency evaluation level and its corresponding consistency evaluation index, while the individual cell health score matrix is ​​constructed based on the individual cell evaluation index and its corresponding weight.

[0185] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic of the battery data interface of the substation battery pack operation and maintenance device provided in this embodiment. Figure 3 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the battery information statistics interface of the substation battery pack operation and maintenance device provided in this embodiment. Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic of the battery health interface of the substation battery pack maintenance device provided in this embodiment.

[0186] The substation battery pack operation and maintenance device provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the substation battery pack operation and maintenance method provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the method.

[0187] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0188] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0189] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0190] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0191] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for the operation and maintenance of a substation battery bank, characterized in that, include: Based on the pre-constructed battery pack health score matrix and individual battery health score matrix, obtain the battery pack health score and individual battery health score. Based on the health scores of the battery pack and individual cells, an operation and maintenance plan is obtained. The battery pack health score matrix is ​​constructed based on a pre-constructed consistency evaluation level and its corresponding consistency evaluation index, and the individual battery health score matrix is ​​constructed based on the individual battery evaluation index and its corresponding weight. The battery pack health score matrix is ​​constructed based on the pre-built consistency evaluation level and its corresponding consistency evaluation index, including: Based on the probability that a consistency evaluation indicator falls within the range of consistency evaluation indicators corresponding to a consistency evaluation level, a fuzzy relationship matrix between consistency evaluation indicators and consistency evaluation levels is constructed. Based on the fuzzy relation matrix and the weights of each consistency evaluation index, a battery pack health score matrix is ​​constructed. The consistency evaluation indicators include the voltage range, voltage standard deviation, temperature range, temperature standard deviation, and internal resistance deviation rate of the battery pack within the statistical period. The consistency evaluation level includes excellent, good, average, and poor, and the expression of the battery pack health rating matrix is ​​shown in formula (6): （6）； In formula (6), A health rating matrix for the battery pack. , , , These are the battery pack health assessment values ​​under the consistency evaluation levels of Excellent, Good, Medium, and Poor. The weight vector is composed of the weights of each consistency evaluation index. , , , , The weights for voltage range, voltage standard deviation, temperature range, temperature standard deviation, and internal resistance deviation rate are: , , The weights of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance in the battery pack health score are determined. , The weights of range and standard deviation in the battery pack voltage consistency score are given. , The weights of range and standard deviation in the battery pack temperature consistency score are given. It is a fuzzy relation matrix. , , , This represents the probability that the voltage range falls within the range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. , , , This represents the probability that the voltage standard deviation falls within the range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. , , , This represents the probability that the temperature range falls within the temperature range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. , , , This represents the probability that the temperature standard deviation falls within the temperature standard deviation range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. , , , The probability that the internal resistance deviation rate falls within the range of the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Medium, and Poor; Among them, the battery pack health rating matrix In the middle, if If the consistency evaluation level is poor, the battery pack health score is [missing value]. , ; like ,and If the consistency evaluation level is excellent, the battery pack health score is [missing information]. , ; like ,and The consistency evaluation level is "Good", and the battery pack health score is [missing information]. , ; like ,and The consistency evaluation level is medium, and the battery pack health score is [missing information]. , ; The health score matrix for individual cells is constructed based on the evaluation indicators of individual cells and their corresponding weights, including: Based on the retention rate of individual battery evaluation indicators with that of the battery pack in each statistical period, a consistency score matrix for individual batteries in each statistical period is constructed to obtain the consistency score matrix for individual batteries in each statistical period. Based on the consistency scoring matrix and the weights of each individual battery evaluation index, a single health score matrix for each individual battery in each statistical period is constructed. Based on the single health score matrix and the weights corresponding to each statistical period, a single battery health score matrix is ​​constructed. The evaluation indicators for a single battery cell include the voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of the single battery cell in each statistical period. The expression for the consistency scoring matrix is ​​shown in formula (7): （7）； In formula (7), For a single cell in the first Consistency scoring matrix over a statistical period For the first One statistical period, , , For a single cell in the first Consistency scores for voltage, temperature, and internal resistance within a statistical period. , , This represents the average voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single cell during the first statistical period. , , This represents the average voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of all batteries in the battery pack during the first statistical period. , , For a single cell in the first The average values ​​of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance over a statistical period. , , For a single cell in the first The average values ​​of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance over a statistical period; The expression for the single health score matrix is ​​shown in formula (8): （8）； In formula (8), For a single cell in the first A single health score matrix within a statistical period This is a weight vector composed of the weights of the evaluation indicators for each individual battery cell. The expression for the single-cell health rating matrix is ​​shown in formula (9): （9）； In formula (9), This is a health rating matrix for individual battery cells. It is a weight vector composed of the weights corresponding to each statistical period. This is a single health score matrix for a single battery cell during the first statistical period. This represents a single health score matrix for a single battery cell during the second statistical period. For a single cell in the first A single health score matrix within a statistical period This represents the total number of statistical periods. Among them, the single-cell battery health rating matrix The value is the health score of a single battery cell.

2. The substation battery bank operation and maintenance method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the voltage range is shown in formula (1): （1）； In formula (1), This represents the voltage range of the battery pack within the statistical period. , These are the highest and lowest individual cell voltages in the same battery group; The formula for calculating the standard deviation of voltage is shown in formula (2): （2）； In formula (2), This represents the standard deviation of the battery pack's voltage over the statistical period. The first in the battery pack Save battery, This represents the total number of batteries in the battery pack. The first in the battery pack Battery voltage, This represents the average voltage of the battery pack. The formula for calculating the temperature range is shown in formula (3): （3）； In formula (3), This represents the temperature range of the battery pack within the statistical period. , These are the highest and lowest individual cell temperatures in the same battery group. The formula for calculating the temperature standard deviation is shown in formula (4): （4）； In formula (4), This represents the standard deviation of the battery pack's temperature over the statistical period. The first in the battery pack Battery temperature, This represents the average temperature of the battery pack. The formula for calculating the internal resistance deviation rate is shown in formula (5): （5）； In formula (5), This represents the internal resistance deviation rate of the battery pack within the statistical period. The first in the battery pack The internal resistance of the battery. This is the standard internal resistance value of the batteries in the battery pack.

3. The substation battery bank operation and maintenance method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the battery pack health score, the operation and maintenance plan includes: If the health score of the battery pack is The operation and maintenance plan is continuous monitoring; If the health score of the battery pack is The operation and maintenance solution is to perform equalization charging; If the health score of the battery pack is The operation and maintenance solution is to conduct an effectiveness test; If the health score of the battery pack is The operation and maintenance plan is to implement core capacity.

4. The substation battery bank operation and maintenance method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the individual battery health score, the operation and maintenance plan includes: If the health score of the individual battery cell is greater than or equal to 90, the operation and maintenance plan is continuous monitoring; If the health score of the individual battery cell is greater than or equal to 80 and less than 90, then the operation and maintenance plan will be a key focus. If the health score of the individual battery cell is less than 80, the maintenance solution is to recommend replacement.

5. A substation battery bank operation and maintenance device, characterized in that, include: Score Acquisition Module: Used to obtain the battery pack health score and the individual battery health score based on the pre-built battery pack health score matrix and the individual battery health score matrix; Operation and maintenance plan acquisition module: used to acquire operation and maintenance plans based on the health score of the battery pack and the health score of individual cells; The battery pack health score matrix is ​​constructed based on a pre-constructed consistency evaluation level and its corresponding consistency evaluation index, and the individual battery health score matrix is ​​constructed based on the individual battery evaluation index and its corresponding weight. The battery pack health score matrix is ​​constructed based on the pre-built consistency evaluation level and its corresponding consistency evaluation index, including: Based on the probability that a consistency evaluation indicator falls within the range of consistency evaluation indicators corresponding to a consistency evaluation level, a fuzzy relationship matrix between consistency evaluation indicators and consistency evaluation levels is constructed. Based on the fuzzy relation matrix and the weights of each consistency evaluation index, a battery pack health score matrix is ​​constructed. The consistency evaluation indicators include the voltage range, voltage standard deviation, temperature range, temperature standard deviation, and internal resistance deviation rate of the battery pack within the statistical period. The consistency evaluation level includes excellent, good, average, and poor, and the expression of the battery pack health rating matrix is ​​shown in formula (6): （6）； In formula (6), A health rating matrix for the battery pack. , , , These are the battery pack health assessment values ​​under the consistency evaluation levels of Excellent, Good, Medium, and Poor. The weight vector is composed of the weights of each consistency evaluation index. , , , , The weights for voltage range, voltage standard deviation, temperature range, temperature standard deviation, and internal resistance deviation rate are: , , The weights of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance in the battery pack health score are determined. , The weights of range and standard deviation in the battery pack voltage consistency score are given. , The weights of range and standard deviation in the battery pack temperature consistency score are given. It is a fuzzy relation matrix. , , , This represents the probability that the voltage range falls within the range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. , , , This represents the probability that the voltage standard deviation falls within the range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. , , , This represents the probability that the temperature range falls within the temperature range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. , , , This represents the probability that the temperature standard deviation falls within the temperature standard deviation range corresponding to the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Average, and Poor. , , , The probability that the internal resistance deviation rate falls within the range of the consistency evaluation grades of Excellent, Good, Medium, and Poor; Among them, the battery pack health rating matrix In the middle, if If the consistency evaluation level is poor, the battery pack health score is [missing value]. , ; like ,and If the consistency evaluation level is excellent, the battery pack health score is [missing information]. , ; like ,and The consistency evaluation level is "Good", and the battery pack health score is [missing information]. , ; like ,and The consistency evaluation level is medium, and the battery pack health score is [missing information]. , ; The health score matrix for individual cells is constructed based on the evaluation indicators of individual cells and their corresponding weights, including: Based on the retention rate of individual battery evaluation indicators with that of the battery pack in each statistical period, a consistency score matrix for individual batteries in each statistical period is constructed to obtain the consistency score matrix for individual batteries in each statistical period. Based on the consistency scoring matrix and the weights of each individual battery evaluation index, a single health score matrix for each individual battery in each statistical period is constructed. Based on the single health score matrix and the weights corresponding to each statistical period, a single battery health score matrix is ​​constructed. The evaluation indicators for a single battery cell include the voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of the single battery cell in each statistical period. The expression for the consistency scoring matrix is ​​shown in formula (7): （7）； In formula (7), For a single cell in the first Consistency scoring matrix over a statistical period For the first One statistical period, , , For a single cell in the first Consistency scores for voltage, temperature, and internal resistance within a statistical period. , , This represents the average voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of a single cell during the first statistical period. , , This represents the average voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of all batteries in the battery pack during the first statistical period. , , For a single cell in the first The average values ​​of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance over a statistical period. , , For a single cell in the first The average values ​​of voltage, temperature, and internal resistance over a statistical period; The expression for the single health score matrix is ​​shown in formula (8): （8）； In formula (8), For a single cell in the first A single health score matrix within a statistical period This is a weight vector composed of the weights of the evaluation indicators for each individual battery cell. The expression for the single-cell health rating matrix is ​​shown in formula (9): （9）； In formula (9), This is a health rating matrix for individual battery cells. It is a weight vector composed of the weights corresponding to each statistical period. This is a single health score matrix for a single battery cell during the first statistical period. This represents a single health score matrix for a single battery cell during the second statistical period. For a single cell in the first A single health score matrix within a statistical period This represents the total number of statistical periods. Among them, the single-cell battery health rating matrix The value is the health score of a single battery cell.

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