Coupling device for coupling and / or decoupling a gear wheel to / from a shaft and a transmission having a corresponding coupling device

Abstract

The invention relates to a coupling device (10) for coupling and / or decoupling a gear wheel (21) to / from a shaft (14) and, in particular, to a transmission having a corresponding coupling device (10) for an electric drive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a coupling device for connecting and / or disconnecting gears from a shaft according to the preamble of claim 1, and a transmission having the features of claim 10. Background Technology

[0002] Shift forks with related mechanical devices are used in manual transmissions and dual-clutch transmissions.

[0003] For example, DE 10 2012 209 533 A1 discloses a shift actuator in a transmission having an electric motor; a main shaft driven by the electric motor, on which a threaded drive operates; and a shift fork supported on a slide movable along a crossbar. The connection point between the threaded drive and the shift fork is coupled to each other by a compression spring and a damping element. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem upon which this invention is based is solved by a coupling device having the features of claim 1 for connecting gears to and / or separating them from a shaft, and a transmission having the features of claim 10. Advantageous improvements of the invention are mentioned in the dependent claims.

[0005] According to the present invention, a coupling device for engaging and / or disengaging a gear to a shaft is provided, wherein the coupling device has a shift sleeve and a shift fork movable axially along the shaft. By moving the shift sleeve, the gear can be engaged and / or disengaged from the shaft. The shift fork is coupled to the shift sleeve such that the shift sleeve can be moved along the shaft by the drive of the shift fork. An electromechanical actuator with a main shaft is provided, wherein the main shaft is rotatable about its longitudinal axis by means of an electromechanical actuator (e.g., an electric motor). The shift fork is coupled to the main shaft such that the shift fork can be moved along the shaft by the rotational movement of the main shaft. Here, the shift fork is guided by a guide rod.

[0006] Therefore, the shift fork can be axially driven by the spindle via an electromechanical actuator, wherein a guide rod guides the shift fork (preventing the shift fork from rotating about the spindle). Any undesirable residual torque generated by the spindle driver is absorbed by the guide rod. Thus, the shift fork generates no friction or negligible friction on the shift sleeve under any circumstances.

[0007] The shift fork can be coupled to a guide rod, allowing the shift fork to move relative to the guide rod (especially axially). In other words, the shift fork can be coupled to the guide rod, allowing the shift fork to move along the guide rod, which is typically fixed in place. However, it is also conceivable that the shift fork can be coupled to the guide rod, making the shift fork immovable relative to the guide rod. In other words, the shift fork can be coupled to the guide rod, allowing the shift fork and the guide rod to move only together (translationalally).

[0008] Currently, connecting a gear to a shaft means that the gear and shaft are connected to each other in a way that prevents relative rotation after connection. Conversely, separating a gear from a shaft means that the gear and shaft can rotate relative to each other after separation.

[0009] In particular, when a gear (in a state of rotational coupling with the shaft) drives another element or is used as an output element, the gear can be a pinion.

[0010] Movement / movement / arrangement along or relative to the axis of the shaft currently refers to the longitudinal direction relative to the shaft. Therefore, movement along the axis of the shaft, for example, refers to movement along the longitudinal direction of the shaft.

[0011] The gear may have a toothed coupling. The shift sleeve may have an internal toothed portion (internal toothed ring) or be coupled to an internal toothed portion, wherein the internal toothed portion corresponds to the teeth on the coupling. The shift sleeve and coupling may be components of or form a claw clutch. The claw clutch may have additional elements, such as a synchronizer ring and / or a guide sleeve.

[0012] According to the improved design, the spindle, guide rod, and / or shaft can be arranged parallel to each other. This allows for particularly precise guidance and accurate engagement or disengagement. Furthermore, it facilitates the design of simple and stable drives.

[0013] According to the improved design, the coupling device can be configured such that the gears are coupled to the shaft by rotating the spindle in a first rotational direction and thus moving the shift fork and shift sleeve in the coupling direction using an electromechanical actuator. Therefore, a simple connection can be achieved by driving the spindle to rotate in the first rotational direction.

[0014] According to the improved design, the coupling device can be configured such that the gear is separated from the shaft by rotating the spindle in a second rotational direction using an electromechanical actuator, and thus moving the shift fork and shift sleeve in the separation direction. Therefore, simple separation can be achieved by driving the spindle to rotate in the second rotational direction (opposite to the first rotational direction), or simple actuation can be achieved by driving the actuator in the opposite direction. The first and second rotational directions are opposite to each other (e.g., clockwise or counterclockwise). Similarly, the coupling and disengagement directions are opposite to each other.

[0015] According to the improved design, the shift fork can be coupled to the spindle via the spindle nut. Therefore, a simple and stable coupling design can be achieved.

[0016] According to the improved design, the guide rod can have two sliding bushings, wherein the end of the guide rod can be guided in each sliding bushing. Therefore, precise and low-friction guidance of the guide rod can be achieved. The shift fork can be fixed to the guide rod (if the guide rod moves relative to one or more sliding bushings, then the shift fork moves together).

[0017] According to the improved design, the guide rod can have one or more stop sleeves that restrict the movement of the guide rod in the engagement and / or disengagement directions. Therefore, one or more defined stops can be easily designed and implemented. The stop sleeves can be axially arranged between the sliding bushing on the guide rod and the shift fork.

[0018] According to the improved design, the spindle can be guided within a sliding bushing at one end. This facilitates precise spindle operation. The guide device can be positioned at the free end of the spindle.

[0019] According to the improved design, the spindle can be guided at one end within a spindle rolling bearing. This facilitates precise spindle operation. Furthermore, it can be supported, for example, at the end of the spindle facing the electromechanical actuator. Therefore, in any case, most of the force acting on the spindle is discharged through the spindle rolling bearing.

[0020] According to the present invention, a transmission, particularly for an electric drive device, is provided, having a coupling device according to the embodiments described above. The transmission may have gears, shafts, and / or coupling elements coupled to the gears. The transmission may, for example, be a transmission for an electric drive unit or electric shaft (“e-axis”) for a vehicle or motor vehicle.

[0021] Regarding the advantages that can be obtained from utilizing the transmission, refer to the relevant implementation schemes of the coupling device. The measures described in conjunction with the coupling device can be used in other transmission design schemes. Attached Figure Description

[0022] A possible embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 A perspective view of the coupling device is shown; and

[0024] Figure 2 It shows the view from above based on Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the coupled device. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Figure 1A perspective view of the coupling device 10 is shown. The coupling device 10 is used to connect or disconnect the gear or pinion 21 to the shaft 14. Figure 1 (The image shows the separated state). For this purpose, the coupling device 10 has a shift sleeve 18 and a shift fork 20 that are axially movable along the shaft 14. The shift sleeve 18 and the shift fork 20 are coupled to each other such that by moving the shift fork 20, the shift sleeve 18 can be moved along the shaft 14.

[0026] The coupling device 10, gear or pinion 21, and shaft 14 are currently implemented as part of a transmission. Shaft 14 is currently supported within the transmission housing (not shown) by means of two rolling bearings, one of which is arranged in section 19. The rolling bearing in section 19 can here be introduced into the transmission housing, for example, by pressing into a corresponding bearing housing. Another gear 12 can be arranged on shaft 14, which can be coupled to shaft 14, for example, in a way that resists relative rotation.

[0027] In the example, the shift fork 20 is fixedly connected to the guide rod 26. In other words, movement of the guide rod 26 causes a corresponding movement of the shift fork 20, or movement of the shift fork 20 causes a corresponding movement of the guide rod 26.

[0028] The coupling device 10 has an electromechanical actuator 24 with a spindle 25. The electromechanical actuator 24 can rotatably drive the spindle 25. In other words, the electromechanical actuator 24 can cause the spindle 25 to rotate about its longitudinal axis.

[0029] Figure 2 It shows the view from above according to Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the coupling device 10. Currently, the shift fork 20 is coupled to the spindle 25 via the spindle nut 36. Rotation of the spindle 25 about its longitudinal axis causes the spindle nut 36 and thus the shift fork 20 to move along the spindle 25 (or along the longitudinal axis of the spindle 25).

[0030] Because the shift fork 20 is coupled not only to the main shaft 25 but also to the guide rod 26, the unwanted residual torque generated by the rotation of the main shaft 25 (which is transmitted to the shift fork 20) ​​is absorbed by the guide rod 26. Therefore, this torque is not transmitted from the shift fork 20 to the shift sleeve 18, where frictional losses and tension may occur.

[0031] Spindle 25, guide rod 26 and shaft 14 are currently arranged in parallel to each other (see also...) Figure 1 ).

[0032] The spindle 25 is currently housed in the spindle sliding bushing 42 in a rotationally guided manner at its end facing away from the electromechanical actuator 24. The spindle 25 is also housed in the spindle rolling bearing 44 in a rotationally guided manner at its other end facing the electromechanical actuator 24.

[0033] The guide rod 26 is currently housed in two sliding bushings 38. Here, the ends of the guide rod 26 are guided in each sliding bushing 38, allowing the guide rod 26 to move axially. By moving the shift fork 20 with the aid of the electromechanical actuator 24, the guide rod 26 and the shift sleeve 18 also move axially along the shaft 14.

[0034] To connect the gear or pinion 21 to the shaft 14, the electromechanical actuator 24 rotates the main shaft 25 in a first rotational direction 32. This causes the main shaft nut 36, shift fork 20, guide rod 26, and shift sleeve 18 to move in the connection direction 34.

[0035] The guide rod 26 is guided through the sliding bushing 34, such that the movement of the guide rod 26 is restricted to a movement parallel to the axis 14.

[0036] Similar to the rolling bearing in section 19, the sliding bushing 38, the main shaft sliding bushing 42, and the main shaft rolling bearing 44 can be arranged in the gearbox housing of the transmission. This is in Figure 2 The shaded areas are shown for the sliding bushing 38 and the spindle sliding bushing 42.

[0037] To separate the gear or pinion 21 from the shaft 14, the electromechanical actuator 24 rotates the main shaft 25 in a second rotational direction 28. This causes the main shaft nut 36, shift fork 20, guide rod 26, and shift sleeve 18 to move in the separation direction 30.

[0038] The guide rod 26 currently has two stop sleeves 40 and 41. They are arranged coaxially on the guide rod 26. The stop sleeves 40 and 41 are respectively positioned between the shift fork 20 and one of the two sliding bushings 38.

[0039] The stop sleeve 40 restricts the movement of the guide rod 26 in the separation direction 30, and the stop sleeve 41 restricts the movement of the guide rod 26 in the connection direction 34.

Claims

1. A transmission for an electric drive device, the transmission having a coupling device (10), wherein the transmission has a gear (21) and a shaft (14), wherein the coupling device (10) is used to engage the gear (21) with the shaft (14) and disengage it from the shaft, wherein, The coupling device (10) has a shift sleeve (18) and a shift fork (20) that are axially movable along a shaft (14). By moving the shift sleeve (18), a gear (21) can be connected to and separated from the shaft (14). The shift fork (20) is coupled to the shift sleeve (18) such that the shift sleeve (18) can move along the shaft (14) by the drive of the shift fork (20). An electromechanical actuator (24) with a main shaft (25) is provided, wherein the main shaft (25) is rotatable about its longitudinal axis by means of the electromechanical actuator (24). The shift fork (20) is coupled to the main shaft (25) such that the shift fork (20) can move along the shaft (14) by the rotational motion of the main shaft (25). The shift fork (20) is guided by a guide rod (26). The guide rod (26) has two sliding bushings (38). The sliding bushing (38) is arranged in the transmission housing (101) of the transmission, and the ends of the guide rods (26) are guided in each of the sliding bushings (38). The guide rod (26) is guided by the sliding bushing (38) such that the movement of the guide rod is limited to a movement parallel to the axis (14). The shift fork (20) is fixedly connected to the guide rod (26), so that the movement of the shift fork (20) causes the guide rod (26) to move relative to the sliding bushing. The guide rod (26) has two stop sleeves (40, 41) arranged coaxially on the guide rod (26). The stop sleeves are respectively arranged between the shift fork (20) and one of the two sliding bushings (38), and the stop sleeves restrict the movement of the guide rod (26) in the connection direction (34) and the separation direction (30).

2. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main shaft (25), guide rod (26) and / or shaft (14) are arranged parallel to each other.

3. The transmission according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The coupling device (10) is configured such that the gear (21) is connected to the shaft (14) by means of an electromechanical actuator (24) to rotate the spindle (25) in the first rotation direction (32) and thus move the shift fork (20) and shift sleeve (18) in the connection direction (34).

4. The transmission according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The coupling device (10) is configured such that the gear (21) is separated from the shaft (14) by means of an electromechanical actuator (24) to rotate the spindle (25) in the second rotation direction (28) and thus move the shift fork (20) and shift sleeve (18) in the separation direction (30).

5. The transmission according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The shift fork (20) is coupled to the spindle (25) via the spindle nut (36).

6. The transmission according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The spindle (25) is guided in the spindle sliding bushing (42) by means of one end of it.

7. The transmission according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The spindle (25) is guided in a spindle rolling bearing (44) at one end.

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