Production system and production method for improving palatability of feed through saccharification treatment

Abstract

The application discloses a production system for improving the palatability of feed by saccharification treatment, which comprises a saccharification tank and an enzyme inoculator. The saccharification tank is connected with a mixer for crushing and mixing the feed, and the mixer has a containing cavity in which the crushed and mixed feed is located, and one side of the containing cavity is provided with a saccharimeter component for detecting the saccharimeter of the feed in the containing cavity. The production system further comprises a fermentation tank connected with the saccharification tank through a pipeline, and the top of the fermentation tank is provided with a filling device for adding syrup into the fermentation tank according to the saccharimeter detected by the saccharimeter component. The application further discloses a production method for improving the palatability of feed by saccharification treatment, which comprises the steps of decomposing starch in the feed into saccharides, and then adding appropriate syrup according to the saccharimeter, so as to improve the palatability and nutritional value of the feed, and meanwhile, the production cost of the feed is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to feed production technology, and more particularly to a production system and method for improving feed palatability through saccharification treatment. Background Technology

[0002] In modern animal husbandry, the palatability of pig feed directly affects the appetite of poultry and livestock and the utilization rate of feed. Referring to CN108077602A, this patent uses two different degrees of cooking to ensure that the feed nutrients are not lost and to increase palatability.

[0003] Referring to CN110089770A, this patent uses a dissolving mechanism to dissolve maltose. The dissolving tank can store the maltose solution through a dissolving chamber. The maltose is immersed in the solution, and the pig feed is mixed with the maltose solution by stirring blades for saccharification treatment. Referring to CN103783307B, this patent crushes forage into granules, adds syrup with a sugar content of 30% to it for saccharification, and then adds it to a fermentation tank to make feed with improved palatability.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies, such as adding syrup or maltose to feed for saccharification, increase the production cost of feed. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the saccharification process to enhance feed palatability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve feed palatability, this invention proposes a production system and method for improving feed palatability through saccharification. First, the starch in the feed is broken down into sugars, and then an appropriate amount of syrup is added according to the sugar content, thereby improving the palatability and nutritional value of the feed, while also reducing the feed manufacturing cost.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] A production system for improving feed palatability through saccharification includes a saccharification tank and an enzyme inoculator. The feed is cooked and added to the saccharification tank, and amylase is introduced into the feed through the enzyme inoculator. The system is characterized by...

[0008] The saccharification tank includes a stirring paddle located inside the tank for mixing feed with amylase. The side wall of the saccharification tank is equipped with a one-way seal for one-way sealing. The saccharification tank is also connected to a mixer for crushing and mixing the feed. The mixer has a receiving cavity containing the crushed and mixed feed. The receiving cavity is made of glass. A sugar content detection component is located on one side of the receiving cavity for detecting the sugar content of the feed within the receiving cavity.

[0009] The production system also includes a fermentation tank, which is connected to a saccharification tank via a pipeline. The fermentation tank has a feeding port at the top, which is connected to a filling device. The filling device adds syrup into the fermentation tank according to the sugar content detected by the sugar content detection component.

[0010] In the production system of the present invention, the saccharification tank also includes a filter frame, which is cylindrical and installed on the inner wall of the tank. The filter frame is provided with a plurality of filter holes in the circumference, and a filter plate is provided above the filter frame, which is provided with filter holes in the same circumference as the filter frame.

[0011] In the production system of the present invention, the enzyme inoculator includes a power pump, a reversing turbine, a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe. The power pump is connected to the reversing turbine, one end of which is connected to the saccharification tank, and the other end is connected to the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe in sequence. A detection gauge is installed on the first connecting pipe for detecting the temperature of the fluid flowing through the first connecting pipe. An inoculation structure is also provided at one end of the second connecting pipe.

[0012] In the production system of the present invention, the inoculation structure includes a first connecting sleeve, a second connecting sleeve, a first connecting head, and a second connecting head connected in sequence. The second connecting sleeve is equipped with a plurality of lenses for observation. The first connecting sleeve is connected to the second connecting head by a clamp.

[0013] In the production system of the present invention, a fixing member, a push plate and a return spring are provided between the first connector and the second connector. The fixing member is installed in the first connector, and the push plate is slidably connected to the fixing member via the return spring. Both the fixing member and the push plate are provided with a round pin, which is used to limit the maximum sliding stroke of the push plate.

[0014] In the production system of this invention, the one-way seal consists of sealing elements connected to the upper and lower ends of the side wall of the saccharification tank and corresponding adjusting elements. The sealing elements provide a one-way seal to the saccharification tank. The adjusting elements are used to increase or decrease the vent holes of the sealing elements.

[0015] In the production system of the present invention, the mixer further includes a three-way pipe and a hydraulic motor. The three-way pipe is connected to the saccharification tank, and a crushing paddle is installed inside the three-way pipe. The crushing paddle is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor via a transmission component. A liquid level sensor is also provided on the top wall of the accommodating cavity. The liquid level sensor is used to control the start and stop of the saccharification detection component.

[0016] In the production system of the present invention, the sugar content detection component is a spectrometer. The spectrometer includes a shell, a front cover and a rear cover. A light source is provided inside the rear cover. One end of the light source is connected to a focusing tube. A threaded cylinder is connected to the axis of the focusing tube. A lens for reducing the divergence of the light source and a light-transmitting plate for adjusting the size of the light spot are installed on the threaded cylinder. The spectrometer also includes a relay, which is connected to the filling device circuit.

[0017] A production method for improving feed palatability through saccharification, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Cook the pig feed and cool it to 30℃~37℃;

[0019] Step 2: Add the cooked feed to the saccharification tank and inoculate the feed with α-amylase through an enzyme inoculator. The temperature of the α-amylase is controlled at 60℃~65℃ and the optimal pH value is 5.0~6.0.

[0020] Step 3: Mix the feed and α-amylase evenly using a mixer and wait for saccharification;

[0021] Step 4: Take a small portion of the saccharified feed and add it to the mixer. Then, use a spectrometer to detect the sugar content of the feed and obtain the sugar content value T1.

[0022] Step 5: Add most of the saccharified feed into the fermentation tank, and add an appropriate amount of syrup into the fermentation tank according to the comparison between the saccharification value T1 and the set saccharification value T0.

[0023] Step 6: Remove the product after fermentation is complete.

[0024] The production system and method for improving feed palatability through saccharification, as described in this invention, have the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This invention involves inoculating the cooked feed with amylase to break down the starch in the feed into sugars, detecting the sugar content of the feed, and then adding an appropriate amount of syrup for secondary fermentation based on the sugar content. This improves the palatability and nutritional value of the feed while also reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0026] The feed and the liquid contained in the feed are crushed and mixed, and then the sugar content is detected by a spectrometer, which further improves the accuracy of sugar content detection and prevents errors in the sugar content detection process. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the production system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the initial unit of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first-order unit of the present invention from one angle;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of the inoculation structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the mixer of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the spectrometer of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a transmittance curve of the spectrometer of the present invention under different illumination conditions;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the production method of the present invention.

[0037] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are as follows: 10-Main frame, 20-Primary unit, 21-Saccharification tank, 211-Base frame, 212-Bottom hole, 213-Tank body, 214-Inlet, 215-Drive motor, 216-Agitator, 217-Filter frame, 217'1-Filter hole, 217'2-Filter plate, 218-Discharge port, 219-First valve, 22-Enzyme inoculator, 221-Power pump, 222-Reversing turbine, 223-First connecting pipe, 224-Detection gauge, 225-Second valve, 226-Second connecting pipe, 227-Inoculation structure, 227'1-First connecting sleeve, 227'2-Pressure source, 227'3-Second connecting sleeve, 227'4-Pressure gauge, 227'5-Lens, 227'6-First connector. 227'7-Second connector, 227'8-Clamp, 227'9-Fixing component, 227'10-Push plate, 227'11-Reset spring, 23-One-way seal, 231-Seal, 232-Adjusting component, 24-Mixer, 241-Tee pipe, 242-Hydraulic motor, 243-Transmission component, 244-Crusher paddle, 245-Accommodation cavity, 246-Level sensor, 25-Spectrometer, 251-Shell side, 252-Front end cover, 253-Rear end cover, 254-Light source, 255-Concentrating tube, 256-Threaded cylinder, 257-Lens, 258-Light transmission sheet, 259-Relay, 30-Secondary unit, 31-Pipeline, 32-Support leg, 33-Fermentation tank, 34-Feeding port, 35-Final product inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Referring to CN110089770A and CN103783307B, existing technologies for saccharifying feed require the addition of maltose syrup or glucose syrup to increase the feed's sugar content and palatability. However, pig feed's main components are corn or soybean meal, which have a high starch content. Directly adding syrup to the feed would not fully utilize the starch, resulting in economic waste and increased saccharification costs. This invention converts some of the starch in the feed into glucose, and then, based on the converted feed's sugar content, adds a small amount of syrup to achieve the desired sugar level. Example 1

[0040] like Figure 10 As shown, this invention discloses a production method for improving feed palatability through saccharification treatment, the method comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Cook the pig feed and cool it to 30℃~37℃;

[0042] Step 2: Add the cooked feed to the saccharification tank and inoculate the feed with α-amylase through an enzyme inoculator. The temperature of the α-amylase is controlled at 60℃~65℃ and the optimal pH value is 5.0~6.0.

[0043] Step 3: Mix the feed and α-amylase evenly using a mixer and wait for saccharification;

[0044] Step 4: Take a small portion of the saccharified feed and add it to the mixer. Then, use a spectrometer to detect the sugar content of the feed and obtain the sugar content value T1.

[0045] Step 5: Add most of the saccharified feed into the fermentation tank, and add an appropriate amount of syrup into the fermentation tank according to the comparison between the saccharification value T1 and the set saccharification value T0.

[0046] Step 6: Remove the product after fermentation is complete. Example 2

[0047] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention further discloses a production system for implementing the production methods described above. For example... Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the production system for improving feed palatability through saccharification according to the present invention includes a main frame 10, a primary unit 20, and a secondary unit 30. Both the primary unit 20 and the secondary unit 30 are mounted on the main frame 10 and are connected to each other.

[0048] like Figures 2 to 8 As shown, the primary unit 20 consists of a saccharification tank 21, a yeast inoculator 22, and a one-way sealer 23. After the feed has matured, it is added to the saccharification tank 21. The enzyme inoculator 22 is used to introduce amylase into the feed. The saccharification tank 21 includes a base frame 211 mounted above the main frame 10. A tank body 213 is mounted above the base frame 211. The tank body 213 has a bottom hole 212 at its bottom and a feed inlet 214 at its top. The matured pig feed is fed into the tank body 213 through the feed inlet 214. A heating device can also be installed at the bottom of the tank body 213 to ensure that the feed temperature is maintained at 60℃~65℃ during the saccharification process. A drive motor 215 is also located at the top of the tank body 213. The output shaft of the drive motor 215 is connected to a stirring paddle 216, which is located inside the tank body 213 and is used to mix the amylase with the matured feed evenly.

[0049] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the enzyme inoculator 22 includes a power pump 221 connected to a reversing turbine 222. One end of the reversing turbine 222 is connected to a first connecting pipe 223, and the other end of the first connecting pipe 223 is connected to a second valve 225. One end of the second valve 225 is connected to a second connecting pipe 226, and one end of the second connecting pipe 226 is equipped with an inoculation structure 227. Driving the power pump 221 opens the second valve 225, allowing α-amylase to be fed into the tank 213 through the bottom hole 212. A gauge 224 is also provided on the first connecting pipe 223 to detect whether the temperature of the α-amylase is controlled between 60℃ and 65℃. After the feed is cooked, the starch in the feed will be hydrolyzed to form monosaccharides or oligosaccharides, and the introduction of α-amylase into the feed is used to catalyze this hydrolysis reaction. After α-amylase is introduced into the feed, the drive motor 215 is started, which drives the stirring paddle 216 to mix the α-amylase and the feed evenly, increasing the contact area between the α-amylase and the feed, so that the reaction is more complete.

[0050] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, a filter rack 217 is also installed inside the tank 213. The filter rack 217 has a cylindrical structure and is installed inside the tank 213. The filter rack 217 has several filter holes 217'1 around its circumference, which are used to increase the contact area between the feed and the air. A filter plate 217'2 is also provided above the filter rack 217, which also has several filter holes 217'1. During the process of α-amylase hydrolyzing starch, a heating device is required to heat it. During the heating process, sweet milk-flavored feed, fruit-flavored feed, licorice-flavored feed, or grain-flavored feed can be placed on the filter plate 217'2 to enhance the flavor of the feed through a flavoring process, thereby improving the palatability of the feed.

[0051] In this embodiment, as Figures 2 to 3 As shown, the one-way seal 23 is installed on the side wall of the tank 213. The one-way seal 23 consists of sealing elements 231 at the upper and lower ends and corresponding adjusting elements 232. The sealing elements 231 located at the upper and lower ends of the side wall of the tank 213 are used for one-way sealing of the tank 213. That is, air inside the tank 213 can be discharged through the sealing elements 231, while external air cannot enter the tank through the sealing elements 231. The vent holes of the sealing elements 231 can be increased or decreased by rotating the adjusting element 232.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figures 4 to 5 As shown, the inoculation structure 227 includes a first connecting sleeve 227'1, a second connecting sleeve 227'3, a first connecting head 227'6, and a second connecting head 227'7. The first connecting sleeve 227'1 is connected to the second connecting sleeve 227'3. A pressure source 227'2 is installed on the first connecting sleeve 227'1, and a pressure gauge 227'4 is installed on the second connecting sleeve 227'3. One end of the second connecting sleeve 227'3 is connected to the first connecting head 227'6. The first connecting head 227'6 and the second connecting head 227'7 are connected by a clamp 227'8. The second connecting head 227'7 is connected to the second connecting pipe 226. Wherein, as... Figure 5 As shown, a fixing member 227'9, a push plate 227'10, and a return spring 227'11 are also provided between the first connector 227'6 and the second connector 227'7. The fixing member 227'9 is installed inside the first connector 227'6, and the push plate 227'10 is connected to the fixing member 227'9 via the return spring 227'11. In use, the pressure source 227'2 is activated to create negative pressure, and the amylase flows from the first connecting sleeve 227'1 to the second connector. When the amylase flows through the second connecting sleeve 227'3, the pressure gauge 227'4 is used to detect the temperature of the amylase. Several lenses 227'5 are also installed on the second connecting sleeve 227'3, through which the flow direction of the amylase can be observed. When the amylase flows from the first connecting sleeve 227'1 to the second connector 227'7, it will compress the push plate 227'10. Both the fixing member 227'9 and the push plate 227'10 are provided with a round pin, which is used to limit the maximum sliding stroke of the push plate 227'10. This ensures that the amount of amylase flowing into the tank 213 each time is fixed, making it easy to add or reduce the amount of amylase later.

[0053] Furthermore, after saccharification is completed in the initial unit 20, a small portion of the saccharified feed needs to be tested for its sugar content. Based on the sugar content value, an appropriate amount of syrup is then added to the feed to bring the sugar content to a reasonable range. Existing sugar content testing methods generally involve taking the supernatant of the feed and using a refractive index method to detect its sugar content. This method infers the overall sugar content of the feed based on the sugar content of the supernatant. However, the amount of supernatant in the feed is relatively small, and this method has a certain degree of error in detecting feed sugar content. This invention involves mixing the feed with the supernatant and then using a spectrometer to detect the sugar content.

[0054] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the saccharification tank 21 also includes a mixer 24 and a spectrometer 25. The mixer 24 includes a three-way pipe 241 and a hydraulic motor 242, with the three-way pipe 241 connected to a bottom hole 212. A receiving cavity 245, made of glass, is located above the three-way pipe 241. During saccharification, a small portion of the feed and the liquid contained in the feed flows through the bottom hole 212 to the three-way pipe 241. A crushing paddle 244 is also installed inside the three-way pipe 241 to crush and mix the feed. The crushing paddle 244 is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 242 via a transmission component 243. The crushed and mixed feed is then transported into the receiving cavity 245. A liquid level sensor 246 is located on the top wall of the receiving cavity 245. When the liquid level sensor 246 receives a signal, it activates the spectrometer 25 to detect the saccharification of the mixed liquid in the receiving cavity 245.

[0055] like Figure 8 As shown, the spectrometer 25 includes a housing 251, a front cover 252, and a rear cover 253. The front cover 252 is mounted at one end of the housing 251, and the rear cover 253 is mounted at the other end. A light source 254 is housed inside the rear cover 253, and one end of the light source 254 is connected to a focusing tube 255. The incident light emitted by the light source 254 is transmitted into a receiving cavity 245 to detect the sugar content of the mixed feed within the receiving cavity 245. To ensure a smoother incident light without sacrificing light intensity, a threaded cylinder 256 is axially connected to the focusing cylinder 255. A lens 257 and a light-transmitting plate 258 are mounted on the threaded cylinder 256. The lens 257 can be adjusted on the threaded cylinder 256 to further improve the spectral acquisition intensity and reduce beam divergence. The light-transmitting plate 258 can also be adjusted on the threaded cylinder 256 to smooth the light and adjust the spot size.

[0056] Furthermore, since this invention involves mixing the feed with the supernatant before using a spectrometer 25 to detect sugar content, and given the low transmittance of the mixed feed and supernatant, this embodiment further limits the application environment of the spectrometer 25 to ensure accurate sugar content measurement. For example... Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, sugar content was measured and data were recorded under dim lighting conditions, normal lighting conditions, and high-brightness lighting conditions. The curves in the figure clearly show that the transmittance of the spectrometer 25 is significantly higher under dim lighting conditions. Therefore, this invention can further incorporate the accommodating cavity 245 and the spectrometer 25 into a black enclosure, and install black light-blocking curtains at the enclosure's inlet and outlet to reduce the influence of stray light, improve transmittance, and thus enhance the accuracy of sugar content measurement.

[0057] In this embodiment, the saccharification tank 21 further includes a discharge port 218, on which a first valve 219 is installed. During the saccharification reaction in the saccharification tank 21, the first valve 219 is in a closed state. After the saccharification tank 21 completes saccharification, the first valve 219 is opened, and most of the saccharified feed is transported to the secondary unit 30 through the first valve 219. Figure 1 As shown, the secondary unit 30 includes a fermentation tank 33, which is fixedly connected to the main frame 10 via support legs 32. The fermentation tank 33 is connected to the saccharification tank 21 via a pipe 31. A feeding port 34 is provided at the top of the fermentation tank 33, which is connected to a filling device (not shown in the figure). The filling device adds syrup to the fermentation tank 21 based on the sugar content detected by the spectrometer 25. Specifically, the sugar content of the feed is detected by the spectrometer 25 to obtain a sugar content value T1. The sugar content value T1 is compared with a set sugar content value T0, and an appropriate amount of syrup is added to the fermentation tank 33. Sugar content = sugar / (sugar + water) × 100%. Sugar content is a unit representing the concentration of solids in a sugar solution, generally expressed in Brix, which refers to the number of grams of solid matter dissolved in 100 grams of sugar solution. The number of grams of syrup to be added to the fermentation tank 33 can be calculated using the above formula.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production system for improving feed palatability through saccharification, comprising a saccharification tank and an enzyme inoculator, wherein the feed is cooked and added to the saccharification tank and amylase is introduced into the feed by the enzyme inoculator, characterized in that, The saccharification tank includes a stirring paddle located inside the tank for mixing feed with amylase. The side wall of the saccharification tank is equipped with a one-way seal for one-way sealing. The saccharification tank is also connected to a mixer for crushing and mixing the feed. The mixer has a receiving cavity containing the crushed and mixed feed. The receiving cavity is made of glass. A sugar content detection component is located on one side of the receiving cavity for detecting the sugar content of the feed within the receiving cavity. The production system also includes a fermentation tank connected to a saccharification tank via pipeline. The fermentation tank has a feeding port at its top, which is connected to a filling device. The filling device adds syrup into the fermentation tank based on the sugar content detected by a sugar content detection component. The one-way seal consists of sealing elements connected to the upper and lower ends of the side wall of the saccharification tank and corresponding adjusting elements. The sealing elements provide a one-way seal to the saccharification tank, allowing air inside the tank to escape through the sealing elements, while preventing external air from entering the tank through the sealing elements. The enzyme inoculator includes a power pump, a reversing turbine, a first connecting pipe, and a second connecting pipe. The power pump is connected to the reversing turbine, one end of which is connected to a saccharification tank, and the other end is connected to the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe in sequence. A sensor is installed on the first connecting pipe to detect the temperature of the fluid flowing through it. An inoculation structure is also provided at one end of the second connecting pipe. The inoculation structure includes a first connecting sleeve, a second connecting sleeve, a first connecting head, and a second connecting head connected in sequence. A fixing member, a push plate, and a return spring are also provided between the first and second connecting heads. The fixing member is installed inside the first connecting head, and the push plate is slidably connected to the fixing member via the return spring. Both the fixing member and the push plate are provided with a round pin, which limits the maximum sliding stroke of the push plate. A pressure source is installed on the first connecting sleeve. When the pressure source is activated, the amylase flows from the first connecting sleeve to the second connecting head, where it is compressed by the push plate. The amount of amylase flowing into the tank each time is fixed.

2. The production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The saccharification tank also includes a filter frame, which is cylindrical and installed on the inner wall of the tank. The filter frame has several filter holes around its circumference, and a filter plate is provided above the filter frame, which has filter holes in the same direction around the filter frame.

3. The production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixer also includes a three-way pipe and a hydraulic motor. The three-way pipe is connected to the saccharification tank. A crushing paddle is installed inside the three-way pipe. The crushing paddle is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor via a transmission component. A liquid level sensor is also provided on the top wall of the accommodating cavity. The liquid level sensor is used to control the start and stop of the saccharity detection component.

4. The production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sugar content detection component is a spectrometer, which includes a shell, a front cover, and a rear cover. A light source is installed inside the rear cover. One end of the light source is connected to a focusing tube, and a threaded cylinder is connected to the axis of the focusing tube. A lens for reducing the divergence of the light source and a light-transmitting plate for adjusting the size of the light spot are installed on the threaded cylinder. The spectrometer also includes a relay, which is connected to the filling device circuit.

5. A production method for a production system according to any one of claims 1-4 that improves feed palatability through saccharification, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Cook the pig feed and cool it to 30℃~37℃; Step 2: Add the cooked feed to the saccharification tank and inoculate the feed with α-amylase through an enzyme inoculator. The temperature of the α-amylase is controlled at 60℃~65℃ and the optimal pH value is 5.0~6.

0. Step 3: Mix the feed and α-amylase evenly using a mixer and wait for saccharification; Step 4: Take a small portion of the saccharified feed and add it to the mixer. Then, use a spectrometer to detect the sugar content of the feed and obtain the sugar content value T1. Step 5: Add most of the saccharified feed into the fermentation tank, and add an appropriate amount of syrup into the fermentation tank according to the comparison between the saccharification value T1 and the set saccharification value T0. Step 6: Remove the product after fermentation is complete.

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