A fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw material composition comprises: 15%-35% of a fluorine-free foaming agent, 3%-10% of a foam stabilizer, 5%-10% of a flame retardant, 2%-5% of an anticorrosive component, and the balance is water. Compared with the prior art, the pure hydrocarbon fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent in the present invention has high foam stability and low surface tension, can spread on the oil surface without using fluorocarbon and organosilicon surfactants, has no pollution to the environment, and has good safety performance; at the same time, the fire extinguishing efficiency is better than that of commercially available aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing materials, in particular to a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional foam fire extinguishing agents use fluorocarbon surfactants as core ingredients. They have the characteristics of spreading quickly on the burning oil surface and inhibiting the volatilization of flammable liquids. Therefore, they can quickly extinguish oil fires and are widely used in the petrochemical field. In particular, aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent (AFFF) is recognized as the best performing Class B fire extinguishing agent at present, with a high market share. However, recent studies have found that perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and its salts used in AFFF are difficult to degrade. Such substances are extremely stable and difficult to be hydrolyzed and biodegraded. As they accumulate in nature, they will cause great harm to animals and plants. In 2009, the international community passed the "Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants PFOS", which strictly prohibits the use of fluorocarbon surfactants containing PFOS and PFOA in foam fire extinguishing agents.

[0003] In order to solve the environmental problems caused by fluorocarbon surfactants in traditional foam fire extinguishing agents, many researchers at home and abroad have begun to work on the development of new green and environmentally friendly foam fire extinguishing agents. There are two main development directions. One is to use short-chain (C4-C6) fluorocarbon surfactants with better environmental performance to replace PFOS in the formula of foam fire extinguishing agents. The second is to use a variety of non-toxic and environmentally friendly non-fluorine surfactants to develop completely fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agents. Obviously, to fundamentally solve the environmental problems of foam fire extinguishing agents, not using fluorine-containing raw materials, that is, the second approach mentioned above is undoubtedly the best solution. However, the fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agents currently developed are still difficult to reach the level of fluorine-containing foam fire extinguishing agents in terms of fire extinguishing performance and spreading performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method in order to solve the above problems. The pure hydrocarbon fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent has high foam stability and low surface tension. It can spread on the oil surface without using fluorocarbon and silicone surfactants, and has no pollution to the environment and good safety performance. At the same time, the fire extinguishing efficiency is better than that of commercially available aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent products.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, comprising the following components in mass fractions:

[0007] Fluorine-free foaming agent 15%-35%;

[0008] Foam stabilizer 3%-10%;

[0009] Flame retardant 5%-10%;

[0010] Antiseptic component 2%-5%;

[0011] The balance is water;

[0012] The fluorine-free foaming agent is a compound of an amino acid surfactant and a saponin surfactant;

[0013] The foam stabilizer is a composite combination of a viscosity-increasing foam stabilizer and a non-viscosity-increasing foam stabilizer, and the viscosity-increasing foam stabilizer is a polysaccharide foam stabilizer.

[0014] Further, the amino acid surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium lauroyl glutamate (LG-95P), sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (LS-97), and potassium cocoyl glycinate (AK-302);

[0015] The saponin surfactant is one of the tea saponin and soapberry saponin.

[0016] Furthermore, the viscosity-enhancing foam stabilizer is selected from one or more of xanthan gum, sodium alginate, gelatin, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0017] Furthermore, the non-tackifying foam stabilizer is selected from one or more of lauryl amide propyl amine oxide (LAO-30), dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide (OB-2), coconut methyl monoethanolamide (CMMEA), coconut diethanolamide (CDEA), and potassium dodecyl sulfate (PDS).

[0018] Furthermore, the flame retardant is selected from one or more of oligoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride and urea.

[0019] Furthermore, the preservative is selected from one of sandan oil, potassium sorbate, kason, sodium benzoate, and methyl parahydroxybenzoate.

[0020] Furthermore, the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent includes 33.33% of potassium cocoyl glycinate (AK-302), 5.55% of tea saponin, 3.5% of sodium lauroyl glutamate (LG-95P), 0.5% of xanthan gum, 0.87% of coconut monomethylethanolamide (CMMEA), 3.88% of lauramide propyl oxide (LAO-30), 3.33% of urea, 2.5% of sandan oil, and the balance is water.

[0021] Furthermore, the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent includes 11.1% of potassium cocoyl glycinate (AK-302), 5.55% of tea saponin, 10.5% of sodium lauroyl glutamate (LG-95P), 3.88% of lauryl amide propyl amine oxide (LAO-30), 1.5% of potassium dodecyl sulfate (PDS), 0.5% of xanthan gum, 2% of ammonium oligophosphate, 2% of sandan oil, and the balance is water.

[0022] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1. Add fluorine-free foaming agent, flame retardant and antiseptic component into water and stir thoroughly until completely swollen to form mixture A;

[0024] S2. Add the foam stabilizer into the mixture A in small amounts and several times, and stir thoroughly until it is completely dissolved to obtain a hydrocarbon fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0025] Further, in S1, the order of adding materials to water is: adding fluorine-free foaming agent, flame retardant and preservative in sequence;

[0026] During the process of adding materials to water, after adding one component of material to the water, stir it until it is completely dissolved, and then add other materials.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0028] 1) The method for preparing the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent provided by the present invention has rich and stable foam, low surface tension, good spreading performance on the oil surface, and excellent fire extinguishing performance.

[0029] 2) The preparation method of the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent provided by the present invention has a simple production process, low production energy consumption, readily available raw materials and low cost, and is easy to realize industrial production.

[0030] 3) The fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent provided by the present invention meets the requirements of GB15308-2006, with a pH value of 7.48, a surface tension of 17.2 mN / m, an interfacial tension of 0.2 mN / m, a diffusion coefficient of 7.4, a spreading amount of 30 μL, a spreading time of less than 0.5 seconds, can be quickly spread on kerosene without visible stratification, can be stably present for a long time, the foaming height tested by the Ross-Miles method is 250 mm, the foaming multiple is 7.6 times, the 50% liquid separation time is 18 minutes, and the fire extinguishing time is 13 seconds. Spreading on the oil surface can be achieved without using fluorocarbon and organosilicon surfactants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The raw materials of the pure hydrocarbon fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent of the present invention include: 15%-35% fluorine-free foaming agent, 3%-10% foam stabilizer, 5%-10% flame retardant, 2%-5% antiseptic component, and the balance is water. The fluorine-free foaming component is a compound of an amino acid surfactant and a saponin surfactant, wherein the amino acid surfactant is one or more of sodium lauroyl glutamate (LG-95P), sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (LS-97), and potassium cocoyl glycinate (AK-302), and the saponin surfactant is one of tea saponin and soapberry saponin. The foam stabilizer is a compound combination of a viscosity-enhancing foam stabilizer and a non-viscosifying foam stabilizer. The viscosity-increasing foam stabilizer is a polysaccharide foam stabilizer: one or more of xanthan gum, sodium alginate, gelatin, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The non-viscosity-increasing foam stabilizer is one or more of lauryl amide propylamine oxide (LAO-30), dodecyl dimethylamine oxide (OB-2), cocoyl methyl monoethanolamide (CMMEA), coconut oil diethanolamide (CDEA), and potassium dodecyl sulfate (PDS). The flame retardant is one or more of oligoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, and urea. The preservative is selected from one of sandan oil, potassium sorbate, kason, sodium benzoate, and methyl paraben.

[0032] In specific implementation, the foam fire extinguishing agent has a diffusion coefficient of 7.4, a spreading volume of 30 μL, and a spreading time of less than 0.5 seconds, and can be quickly spread on kerosene.

[0033] In a specific implementation, the surface tension of the foam fire extinguishing agent is 17.2 mN / m, and the interfacial tension is 0.2 mN / m.

[0034] During specific implementation, the pH value of the foam fire extinguishing agent is 7.48.

[0035] During specific implementation, the foam fire extinguishing agent has no visible stratification and can exist stably for a long time.

[0036] In specific implementation, the foaming multiple of the foam fire extinguishing agent is 7.6 times, and the 50% liquid separation time is 18 minutes.

[0037] In specific implementation, the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent includes, by weight percentage, 33.33% of potassium cocoyl glycinate (AK-302), 5.55% of tea saponin, 3.5% of sodium lauroyl glutamate (LG-95P), 0.5% of xanthan gum, 0.87% of coconut monomethylethanolamide (CMMEA), 3.88% of lauramide propyl oxide (LAO-30), 3.33% of urea, 2.5% of sandan oil, and the remainder is water.

[0038] In specific implementation, the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent includes, by weight percentage, 11.1% of potassium cocoyl glycinate (AK-302), 5.55% of tea saponin, 10.5% of sodium lauroyl glutamate (LG-95P), 3.88% of lauryl amide propyl amine oxide (LAO-30), 1.5% of potassium dodecyl sulfate (PDS), 0.5% of xanthan gum, 2% of ammonium oligophosphate, 2% of sandan oil, and the remainder is water.

[0039] In order to more clearly and correctly understand the content of the invention, the following is further described and explained in conjunction with specific embodiments. The preparation means, materials, structures or composition ratios and other features not clearly described in this technical solution are regarded as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0040] The raw materials used in the following examples of this scheme are as follows: sodium lauroyl glutamate (LG-95P), sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (LS-97), potassium cocoyl glycinate (AK-302), tea saponin, soapberry saponin, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, gelatin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, lauryl amide propyl amine oxide (LAO-30), dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide (OB-2), coconut acid methyl monoethanolamide (CMMEA), coconut oil diethanolamide (CDEA), potassium dodecyl sulfate (PDS), oligoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, urea, sandan oil, potassium sorbate, kason, sodium benzoate, methyl paraben.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent provided in this embodiment has the following composition by weight percentage:

[0043]

[0044] The preparation method of the above-mentioned fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. Add fluorine-free foaming agent, flame retardant and antiseptic component into water and stir thoroughly until completely swollen to form mixture A;

[0046] S2. Add the foam stabilizer into the mixture A in small amounts and several times, and stir thoroughly until it is completely dissolved to obtain a hydrocarbon fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0047] The order of adding materials into the water is: adding fluorine-free foaming agent, flame retardant and preservative in sequence; during the process of adding materials into the water, after adding a component of material into the water, stirring until it is completely dissolved, and then adding other materials.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent provided in this embodiment has the following composition by weight percentage:

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] The preparation method of the above-mentioned fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:

[0053] S1. Add fluorine-free foaming agent, flame retardant and antiseptic component into water and stir thoroughly until completely swollen to form mixture A;

[0054] S2. Add the foam stabilizer into the mixture A in small amounts and several times, and stir thoroughly until it is completely dissolved to obtain a hydrocarbon fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0055] The order of adding materials into the water is: adding fluorine-free foaming agent, flame retardant and preservative in sequence; during the process of adding materials into the water, after adding a component of material into the water, stirring until it is completely dissolved, and then adding other materials.

[0056] Application Example 1

[0057] Effect evaluation: The final fire extinguishing agent of each embodiment and comparative example was tested according to standard GB15308-2006, and the results shown in Table 1 and Table 2 were obtained. And the fire extinguishing time of each embodiment for 8B oil pan gasoline fire was obtained as shown in Table 3.

[0058] Table 1 Parameters and effects of fire extinguishing agent in Example 1

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Table 2 Parameters and effects of fire extinguishing agent in Example 2

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] Table 3 Fire extinguishing time of each embodiment for 8B oil pan gasoline fire

[0066] Fire extinguishing agent Example 1 Example 2 Ordinary foam fire extinguishing agent Fire extinguishing time / s 13 15 20

[0067] It can be seen from the test results of Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 that the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent prepared by the present invention can achieve spreading on the oil surface and maintain efficient fire extinguishing performance without using fluorocarbon and silicone surfactants, and the stability, pH value, surface tension, interfacial tension, diffusion coefficient, bubble height and 50% liquid separation time all meet the standards, and is a green and environmentally friendly fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0068] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that: The following components are included in the mass fraction: Fluorine-free foaming agent 15%-35%; Foam stabilizer 3%-10%; Flame retardant 5%-10%; Anticorrosive components 2%-5%; The balance is water; The fluorine-free foaming agent is a compound of an amino acid surfactant and a saponin surfactant; The foam stabilizer is a composite combination of a viscosity-enhancing foam stabilizer and a non-viscosity-enhancing foam stabilizer, and the viscosity-enhancing foam stabilizer is a polysaccharide foam stabilizer; The amino acid surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium lauroyl glutamate (LG-95P), sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (LS-97), and potassium cocoyl glycinate (AK-302); The saponin surfactant is one of the tea saponin and soapberry saponin; The viscosity-enhancing foam stabilizer is selected from one or more of xanthan gum, sodium alginate, gelatin, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; The non-tackifying foam stabilizer is selected from one or more of lauryl amide propyl amine oxide (LAO-30), dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide (OB-2), coconut methyl monoethanolamide (CMMEA), coconut diethanolamide (CDEA), and potassium dodecyl sulfate (PDS).

2. A fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant is selected from one or more of oligoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride and urea.

3. A fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antiseptic component is selected from one of sandan oil, potassium sorbate, kason, sodium benzoate and methyl parahydroxybenzoate.

4. A fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that: The fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent includes 33.33% of potassium cocoyl glycinate (AK-302), 5.55% of tea saponin, 3.5% of sodium lauroyl glutamate (LG-95P), 0.5% of xanthan gum, 0.87% of coconut monomethylethanolamide (CMMEA), 3.88% of lauramide propyl oxide (LAO-30), 3.33% of urea, 2.5% of sandan oil, and the balance is water.

5. A fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that: The fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent includes 11.1% potassium cocoyl glycinate (AK-302), 5.55% tea saponin, 10.5% sodium lauroyl glutamate (LG-95P), 3.88% lauryl amide propyl amine oxide (LAO-30), 1.5% potassium dodecyl sulfate (PDS), 0.5% xanthan gum, 2% ammonium oligophosphate, 2% sandan oil, and the balance is water.

6. A method for preparing the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Add fluorine-free foaming agent, flame retardant and antiseptic component into water and stir thoroughly until completely swollen to form mixture A; S2. Add the foam stabilizer into the mixture A in small amounts and several times, and stir thoroughly until it is completely dissolved to obtain a hydrocarbon fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent.

7. The method for preparing a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S1, the order of adding materials to water is: adding fluorine-free foaming agent, flame retardant and antiseptic component in sequence; During the process of adding materials to water, after adding one component of material to the water, stir it until it is completely dissolved, and then add other materials.

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