A trickle bed apparatus for synthesizing chloroethylene carbonate

Abstract

This invention discloses a trickle bed device for synthesizing chloroethylene carbonate, comprising a constant temperature water bath and a trickle bed. The trickle bed is disposed on the upper part of the constant temperature water bath, and an adjustment component is fixedly connected to the upper part of the trickle bed to adjust the outflow of liquid. A liquid film thickness adjustment component is disposed below the adjustment component to adjust the thickness of the liquid film during the trickle process. A deceleration component is disposed above the adjustment component to decelerate the liquid flowing down from the top of the trickle bed. By setting the adjustment component, if too much liquid is accumulated by the deceleration component, the inflow of liquid from the upper part will be reduced, preventing the liquid passing through the adjustment component from being impacted by the liquid from the upper part, which would cause the liquid flow rate to be too fast. Moreover, the adjustment component drives the deceleration component to adjust the thickness of the liquid film, so that the liquid film reacts fully with chlorine gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of trickle bed apparatus technology, specifically a trickle bed apparatus for synthesizing chloroethylene carbonate. Background Technology

[0002] Vinyl chloride carbonate is mainly used in the preparation of fluoroethylene carbonate and vinylene carbonate in lithium-ion battery electrolytes. High-purity vinyl chloride carbonate can also be used directly as a flame retardant additive in lithium-ion battery electrolytes to improve the cycle performance and extend the service life of lithium-ion battery electrolytes.

[0003] The existing synthesis reaction of chloroethylene carbonate involves vertically constructing a trickle bed, connecting it to a circulating water system, a chlorine gas system, and a ethylene carbonate sample injection system. An exhaust fan is connected to the exhaust port, and a thermometer is inserted into the trickle bed. The circulating water system is activated to maintain a constant temperature, preventing ethylene carbonate crystallization and ensuring a smooth reaction. Once the temperature is constant, a UV lamp is turned on and adjusted to a suitable intensity. The chlorine valve is opened, and the airtightness of all connections is checked. After adjusting the chlorine flow rate to a certain value, a peristaltic pump is activated to slowly inject 5000g of ethylene carbonate into the top distributor of the trickle bed. This ensures the ethylene carbonate flows slowly down the inner wall, maintaining sufficient contact and residence time between the ethylene carbonate and chlorine. Samples are taken promptly at the bottom sampling port for analysis, examining the chloroethylene carbonate content, byproduct content, and the number of impurity peaks. If the chloroethylene carbonate content does not meet the requirements, the reaction solution is pumped back to the top distributor via the receiving tank circulation pump to repeat the reaction until the desired effect is achieved, at which point the chlorination reaction is terminated.

[0004] The yield of chloroethylene carbonate changes when the flow rate of the peristaltic pump increases, causing the ethylene carbonate to flow too fast. If the flow rate of the ethylene carbonate is not slowed down in time, the ethylene carbonate will not be able to react fully with chlorine, resulting in a large waste of raw materials and an increase in production load. Although there is a circulation system, too many circulations will inevitably increase the possibility of introducing impurities or side reactions.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention designs a trickle bed device for synthesizing chloroethylene carbonate to solve the problem that when ethylene carbonate flows too fast, and the flow rate is not slowed down in time, the ethylene carbonate cannot fully react with chlorine, resulting in a large waste of raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a trickle bed apparatus for synthesizing chloroethylene carbonate, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a trickle bed device for synthesizing chloroethylene carbonate, comprising a constant temperature water bath and a trickle bed, wherein the upper part of the constant temperature water bath is provided with the trickle bed, and an adjustment component is fixedly connected to the upper part of the trickle bed for adjusting the outflow of liquid, a liquid film thickness adjustment component is provided at the lower part of the adjustment component for adjusting the thickness of the liquid film during the trickling process, and a deceleration component is provided at the upper part of the adjustment component for decelerating the liquid flowing down from the top of the trickle bed;

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the adjustment component includes: a fixed frame, an inner groove, and a flow-retarding component. The side wall of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper part of the drip bed, the inner wall of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner groove, and the upper end of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the lower end of the flow-retarding component.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the fixed frame further includes: a closed rotating plate, a moving slide, and a storage bin. The groove starting from the middle of the fixed frame is rotatably connected to one end of the closed rotating plate. The other end of the closed rotating plate is provided with a moving slide. The moving slide is slidably connected to the middle of the flow-retarding component. The storage bin is fixedly provided in the middle of the fixed frame. The storage bin is slidably connected to the lower part of the flow-retarding component.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the flow-retarding component further includes: a connecting rod, a sliding column, a fixing block, and a spring. The bottom of the flow-retarding component is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, the middle part of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding column, the middle part of the sliding column is fixedly connected to the fixing block, the lower part of the fixing block is fixedly connected to one end of the spring, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the middle of the storage compartment, and the lower part of the sliding column is slidably connected through the middle of the storage compartment.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the inner tank component further includes: a flow guide plate, a drive column, and a drive slide groove. The upper part of the inner tank component is fixedly connected to the side wall of the flow guide plate, the upper part of the flow guide plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the flow slowing component, the middle part of the flow guide plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive column, and the lower end of the drive column is fixedly connected to a plurality of drive slide grooves. The drive slide grooves are slidably connected to the middle part of the liquid film thickness adjustment component.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the liquid film thickness adjustment component includes: a fixed frame, connecting columns, a shrinkage chute, an elastic cylinder, and a shrinkage structure. The left and right sides of the fixed frame are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drip bed. A plurality of connecting columns are fixedly connected to the upper part of the fixed frame. The upper end of the connecting columns is fixedly connected to the shrinkage chute. The groove of the shrinkage chute is slidably connected to the lower part of the shrinkage structure. The shrinkage structure is slidably connected to the lower part of the drive chute. The outer wall of the shrinkage structure is fitted with the elastic cylinder.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the shrinking structure further includes: a protrusion, a cylindrical block, and a limiting slider. A plurality of protrusions are fixedly connected to the lower part of the shrinking structure. A cylindrical block is fixedly connected to one side of the protrusion and the cylindrical block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the driving groove. A protrusion is fixedly connected to the other side of the protrusion and the protrusion is slidably connected to the inner wall of the shrinking groove.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the deceleration assembly includes: a flow-blocking component, a pressure-bearing frame, a buffer strip, and an elastic pin. The left and right sides of the flow-blocking component are respectively fixedly provided with elastic pins, the upper part of the elastic pin is inserted into a hole opened in the lower part of the pressure-bearing frame, and the upper part of the pressure-bearing frame is fixedly provided with a buffer strip.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the elastic pin further includes: a sliding column and a second spring. The upper part of the elastic pin is fixedly connected to one end of the second spring, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the lower part of the pressure frame. The sliding column passes through the middle part of the second spring, and the lower part of the sliding column is fixedly connected to the upper part of the elastic pin. The upper part of the sliding column is inserted into a hole opened at the bottom of the pressure frame.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The present invention adjusts the liquid flow by adjusting the components so that if too much liquid is accumulated in the deceleration components, the inflow of liquid from the upper part will be reduced, preventing the liquid passing through the adjustment components from being impacted by the liquid from the upper part, which would cause the liquid flow rate to be too fast. Moreover, the adjustment components drive the deceleration components to adjust the thickness of the liquid film, so that the liquid film reacts fully with chlorine gas.

[0018] 2. The present invention adjusts the liquid flow film by adjusting the components so that the liquid can increase as it passes through the components and the side wall of the trickle bed. This will increase the thickness of the liquid flow film as the peristaltic pump increases the flow rate, so that the liquid can react fully with chlorine gas as it flows to the bottom of the trickle bed.

[0019] 3. This invention, through the setting of the deceleration component, can block the liquid as it flows towards the bottom of the trickle bed, thereby reducing the liquid flow rate and preventing excessively fast-flowing liquid from reaching the bottom of the trickle bed without having time to react with the chlorine gas. Liquid that does not react with the chlorine gas in time will be re-extracted and flow down the upper part of the trickle bed, but this will increase the amount of impurities. By cooperating with the deceleration component and the regulating component, the problem of excessively fast liquid flow rate can be solved, allowing the liquid to fully react with the chlorine gas as it flows towards the bottom of the trickle bed. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of part A;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a trickle bed;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section AA;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of section C;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a trickle bed;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a trickle bed.

[0028] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0029] 1. Constant temperature water bath; 2. Drip bed; 3. Adjustment component; 31. Fixed frame; 311. Closing rotating plate; 312. Moving slide; 313. Storage chamber; 32. Inner tank component; 321. Drain plate; 322. Drive column; 323. Drive slide; 33. Flow buffer; 330. Connecting rod; 331. Sliding column; 332. Fixed block; 333. Spring 1; 4. Liquid film thickness adjustment component; 41. Fixed frame; 411. Connecting column; 412. Contraction slide; 42. Elastic cylinder; 43. Contraction structure; 431. Protrusion; 432. Cylindrical block; 433. Limiting slider; 5. Deceleration component; 51. Flow obstruction component; 52. Pressure bearing frame; 521. Buffer strip; 53. Elastic pin; 531. Sliding column; 532. Spring 2. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Please see Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a trickle bed device for synthesizing chloroethylene carbonate, comprising a constant temperature water bath 1 and a trickle bed 2, wherein the trickle bed 2 is provided on the upper part of the constant temperature water bath 1, characterized in that: an adjustment component 3 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the trickle bed 2 for adjusting the outflow of liquid, a liquid film thickness adjustment component 4 is provided on the lower part of the adjustment component 3 for adjusting the thickness of the liquid film during the trickle process, and a deceleration component 5 is provided on the upper part of the adjustment component 3 for decelerating the liquid flowing down from the top of the trickle bed 2;

[0031] When the flow rate of the peristaltic pump is increased during the start-up of the constant temperature water bath 1, ethylene carbonate will flow rapidly from the top to the bottom of the trickle bed 2. At this time, the excessively fast flow rate will impact the deceleration component 5. The deceleration component 5 will be impacted by the increased flow rate of the liquid and will activate accordingly. The deceleration component 5 will initially slow down the increased flow rate of the liquid to prevent it from flowing to the bottom of the trickle bed 2 before it has enough time to fully react with the chlorine gas. If the flow rate is still too fast, too much liquid will flow to the regulating component 3. Due to the excessive liquid storage, the weight of the liquid will drive the regulating component 3 to close, preventing the liquid from passing through quickly. The liquid that passes through will then be activated by the action of the elastic pin 53, which will activate the liquid film thickness regulating component 4, thereby increasing the thickness of the trickle film and maintaining the flow rate at a relatively fixed value, allowing the liquid to fully react with the chlorine gas. When the weight of the passing liquid can no longer compress the regulating component 3, the regulating component 3 will open, allowing the liquid in the upper part to continue to pass through.

[0032] Preferably, the adjusting component 3 includes: a fixed frame 31, an inner groove 32, and a flow-retarding component 33. The side wall of the fixed frame 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper part of the drip bed 2, the inner wall of the fixed frame 31 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner groove 32, and the upper end of the fixed frame 31 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the flow-retarding component 33.

[0033] The fixed frame 31 also includes: a closed rotating plate 311, a moving slide 312, and a storage chamber 313. The groove starting from the middle of the fixed frame 31 is rotatably connected to one end of the closed rotating plate 311. The other end of the closed rotating plate 311 is provided with a moving slide 312. The moving slide 312 is slidably connected to the middle of the flow-retarding member 33. The storage chamber 313 is fixedly provided in the middle of the fixed frame 31. The storage chamber 313 is slidably connected to the lower part of the flow-retarding member 33.

[0034] The flow-retarding component 33 also includes: a connecting rod 330, a sliding column 331, a fixing block 332, and a spring 333. The bottom of the flow-retarding component 33 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 330. The middle part of the connecting rod 330 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding column 331. The middle part of the sliding column 331 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 332. The lower part of the fixing block 332 is fixedly connected to one end of the spring 333. The other end of the spring 333 is fixedly connected to the middle of the storage chamber 313. The lower part of the sliding column 331 is slidably connected to the middle of the storage chamber 313.

[0035] The inner tank component 32 also includes: a flow guide plate 321, a drive column 322, and a drive slide 323. The upper part of the inner tank component 32 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the flow guide plate 321. The upper part of the flow guide plate 321 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the flow buffer 33. The middle part of the flow guide plate 321 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive column 322. The lower end of the drive column 322 is fixedly connected to a plurality of drive slides 323. The drive slides 323 are slidably connected to the middle part of the liquid film thickness adjustment component 4.

[0036] When excessive liquid accumulates on the drainage plate 321, its weight causes it to move downwards. This causes the sliding column 331 to move downwards, which in turn moves the fixing block 332 downwards. The downward movement of the fixing block 332 then blocks the downward rotation of the moving slide groove 312. As the fixing block 332 moves downwards, its groove, in conjunction with the cylindrical pin of the fixing block 332, moves. This downward rotation of the closing plate 311 closes the drain opening at the top of the fixing frame 31. The liquid can only slowly flow down through the gap in the closing plate 311. Because the upper part of the drainage plate 321 is inclined, the accumulated liquid will flow down through the drainage plate 321. As the liquid flows down the edge, the sliding column 331 moves the flow-retarding component 33 downward. Since the flow-retarding component 33 is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, it is moved downward by the sliding column 331. When it reaches its position, the bottom of the flow-retarding component 33 will be close to the lower part of the deceleration component 5, which can slow down the flow of the liquid from the top. At the same time, the downward movement of the guide plate 321 also drives the downward movement of the fixing block 332. The downward movement of the drive column 322 will drive the liquid film thickness adjustment component 4 to move, so that the liquid flowing down from the side of the inner tank component 32 can be adjusted, making the liquid film thicker at the edge. This allows the liquid flow rate to be slowed down while the thickened liquid film allows the liquid to fully react with chlorine gas when it flows to the bottom of the drip bed 2.

[0037] By adjusting the settings of component 3, if the liquid being slowed down by component 5 accumulates too much, the inflow of the upper liquid will be reduced, preventing the liquid passing through component 3 from being impacted by the upper liquid, which would cause the liquid flow rate to be too fast. Moreover, by adjusting component 3 driving component 5 to move, the thickness of the liquid film is adjusted, so that the liquid film reacts fully with chlorine gas.

[0038] Preferably, the liquid film thickness adjustment component 4 includes: a fixed frame 41, a connecting column 411, a shrinkage groove 412, an elastic cylinder 42, and a shrinkage structure 43. The left and right sides of the fixed frame 41 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drip bed 2, and a plurality of connecting columns 411 are fixedly connected to the upper part of the fixed frame 41. The upper end of the connecting column 411 is slidably connected to the hole of the shrinkage groove 412. The groove of the shrinkage groove 412 is slidably connected to the lower part of the shrinkage structure 43. The shrinkage structure 43 is slidably connected to the lower part of the drive groove 323. The outer side wall of the shrinkage structure 43 is fitted with the elastic cylinder 42.

[0039] The shrinking structure 43 also includes: a protrusion 431, a cylindrical block 432, and a limiting slider 433. Multiple protrusions 431 are fixedly connected to the lower part of the shrinking structure 43. A cylindrical block 432 is fixedly connected to one side of the protrusion 431. The cylindrical block 432 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the drive groove 323. The other side of the protrusion 431 is fixedly connected to the protrusion 431. The protrusion 431 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the shrinking groove 412.

[0040] When the drive slide 323 moves down with the drive column 322, the drive slide 323 will abut against the cylindrical block 432, causing the cylindrical block 432 to drive the protrusion 431 down. At this time, the protrusion 431 will shrink under the restriction of the shrinkage slide 412 as it moves down. The connecting column 411 will make the downward movement of the shrinkage slide 412 more stable. At this time, the shrinkage structure 43 can no longer apply pressure to the elastic cylinder 42, causing the elastic cylinder 42 to shrink accordingly. At this time, the gap between the elastic cylinder 42 and the side wall of the drip bed 2 becomes larger, so the liquid film also becomes larger. Moreover, when the inner groove 32 moves down, since the diameter of the inner groove 32 is larger than that of the elastic cylinder 42, the upper part of the elastic cylinder 42 will retract into the side wall cavity of the inner groove 32 as the inner groove 32 moves down, and will not block the downward movement of the inner groove 32.

[0041] By adjusting the configuration of component 3, the liquid film can be increased when the liquid passes through component 3 and the side wall of the trickle bed 2. This will increase the thickness of the liquid film when the peristaltic pump increases the flow rate, so that the liquid can fully react with chlorine gas when it flows to the bottom of the trickle bed 2.

[0042] Preferably, the deceleration assembly 5 includes: a flow-blocking component 51, a pressure-bearing frame 52, a buffer strip 521, and an elastic pin 53. The flow-blocking component 51 is fixedly provided with elastic pins 53 on its left and right sides respectively. The upper part of the elastic pin 53 is inserted into a hole opened in the lower part of the pressure-bearing frame 52. The upper part of the pressure-bearing frame 52 is fixedly provided with a buffer strip 521.

[0043] The elastic pin 53 also includes: a sliding post 531 and a second spring 532. The upper part of the elastic pin 53 is fixedly connected to one end of the second spring 532, and the other end of the second spring 532 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the pressure frame 52. The sliding post 531 passes through the middle of the second spring 532, and the lower part of the sliding post 531 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the elastic pin 53. The upper part of the sliding post 531 is inserted into a hole opened at the bottom of the pressure frame 52.

[0044] When the liquid flows downward from the top of the drip bed 2, the peristaltic pump increases the flow rate. At this time, the liquid will impact the top of the pressure frame 52, and the buffer strip 521 will block the liquid, thus buffering it for the first time. As the liquid increases, the pressure frame 52 will be pressed down and moved downward. The downward movement of the pressure frame 52 will then abut against the flow-blocking member 51. At this time, the side wall of the flow-blocking member 51 will adhere to the inner side wall of the downward-moving pressure frame 52. The liquid needs to fill the cavity formed by the inner side wall of the pressure frame 52 and the outer side wall of the flow-blocking member 51 before it can flow down from the inner wall of the flow-blocking member 51 to the top of the fixed frame 31. Then, the liquid flows down through the opening at the top of the fixed frame 31. At this time, the liquid has completed multiple flow blocking, avoiding the liquid from directly impacting downward and causing the liquid flow rate to be too fast. The downward movement of the flow-slowing member 33 will cause the inner wall of the flow-blocking member 51 and the outer side wall of the flow-slowing member 33 to form a cavity, at which time the liquid will be stored and buffered again.

[0045] The deceleration component 5 is designed to block the liquid as it flows towards the bottom of the trickle bed 2, thereby slowing down the liquid flow rate. This prevents the liquid from flowing too fast and reaching the bottom of the trickle bed 2 before reacting with the chlorine gas. Liquid that does not react with the chlorine gas in time will be drawn back down from the top of the trickle bed 2, which would increase the amount of impurities. The combination of the deceleration component 5 and the regulating component 3 can solve the problem of excessively fast liquid flow rate, ensuring that the liquid reacts fully with the chlorine gas as it flows towards the bottom of the trickle bed 2.

Claims

1. A kind of synthetic chloro carbonate ethylene drop bed device, including thermostatic water bath (1), drop bed (2), the upper portion of thermostatic water bath (1) is provided with drop bed (2), it is characterized by: The upper part of the trickle bed (2) is fixedly connected with an adjusting assembly (3) for adjusting the outflow of liquid, the lower part of the adjusting assembly (3) is provided with a liquid film thickness adjusting assembly (4) for adjusting the thickness of the liquid film in the trickling process, and the upper part of the adjusting assembly (3) is provided with a speed reduction assembly (5) for slowing down the liquid flowing from the top of the trickle bed (2). The adjusting assembly (3) comprises a fixed frame (31), an inner groove piece (32) and a slow flow piece (33), the side wall of the fixed frame (31) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper part of the trickle bed (2), the inner wall of the fixed frame (31) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner groove piece (32), and the upper end of the fixed frame (31) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the slow flow piece (33). The fixed frame (31) further comprises a closing turn plate (311), a movement sliding groove (312) and a storage bin (313), the groove in the middle of the fixed frame (31) is rotationally connected to one end of the closing turn plate (311), the other end of the closing turn plate (311) is provided with the movement sliding groove (312), the movement sliding groove (312) is slidingly connected to the middle part of the slow flow piece (33), and the middle part of the fixed frame (31) is fixedly provided with the storage bin (313), and the storage bin (313) is slidingly connected to the lower part of the slow flow piece (33).

2. A fluidized bed apparatus for the synthesis of chloroethylene carbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slow flow piece (33) further comprises a connecting rod (330), a sliding column (331), a fixed block (332) and a spring (333), the bottom of the slow flow piece (33) is fixedly connected with the connecting rod (330), the middle part of the connecting rod (330) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding column (331), the middle part of the sliding column (331) is fixedly connected to the fixed block (332), the lower part of the fixed block (332) is fixedly connected to one end of the spring (333), the other end of the spring (333) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the storage bin (313), and the lower part of the sliding column (331) is slidingly connected to the middle part of the storage bin (313).

3. A fluidized bed apparatus for the synthesis of chloroethylene carbonate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner groove piece (32) further comprises a drainage plate (321), a driving column (322) and a driving sliding groove (323), the upper part of the inner groove piece (32) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the drainage plate (321), the upper part of the drainage plate (321) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the slow flow piece (33), the middle part of the drainage plate (321) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the driving column (322), the lower end of the driving column (322) is fixedly connected with a plurality of driving sliding grooves (323), and the driving sliding grooves (323) are slidingly connected to the middle part of the liquid film thickness adjusting assembly (4).

4. A fluidized bed apparatus for the synthesis of chloroethylene carbonate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid film thickness adjusting assembly (4) comprises a fixed frame (41), connecting columns (411), a contraction chute (412), an elastic cylinder (42) and a contraction structure (43), the left and right sides of the fixed frame (41) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the trickle bed (2), the upper part of the fixed frame (41) is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting columns (411), the upper ends of the connecting columns (411) are slidingly connected to the holes of the contraction chute (412), the chute of the contraction chute (412) is slidingly connected to the lower part of the contraction structure (43), the contraction structure (43) is slidingly connected to the lower part of the driving chute (323), and the outer side wall of the contraction structure (43) is embeddedly connected with the elastic cylinder (42).

5. A fluidized bed apparatus for the synthesis of chloroethylene carbonate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The contraction structure (43) further comprises protruding blocks (431), cylindrical blocks (432) and limiting sliding blocks (433), the lower part of the contraction structure (43) is fixedly connected with a plurality of protruding blocks (431), one side of the protruding block (431) is fixedly connected with a cylindrical block (432), the cylindrical block (432) is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the driving chute (323), the other side of the protruding block (431) is fixedly connected with a protruding block (431), and the protruding block (431) is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the contraction chute (412).

6. A fluidized bed apparatus for the synthesis of chloro ethylene carbonate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deceleration assembly (5) comprises a flow resistance piece (51), a pressure bearing frame (52), a buffer strip (521) and an elastic pin (53), the left and right sides of the flow resistance piece (51) are fixedly provided with elastic pins (53), the upper part of the elastic pin (53) is inserted into the hole formed in the lower part of the pressure bearing frame (52), and the upper part of the pressure bearing frame (52) is fixedly provided with the buffer strip (521).

7. A fluidized bed apparatus for the synthesis of chloroethylene carbonate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic pin (53) further comprises a sliding column (531) and a spring (532), one end of the elastic pin (53) is fixedly connected to one end of the spring (532), the other end of the spring (532) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the pressure bearing frame (52), the sliding column (531) penetrates the middle part of the spring (532), the lower part of the sliding column (531) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the elastic pin (53), and the upper part of the sliding column (531) is inserted into the hole formed in the bottom of the pressure bearing frame (52).

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