A CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head grinding machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a CNC straight bevel gear single-grinding head gear grinding machine, which belongs to the technical field of gear grinding machines and includes a bed, a cradle bracket connected to the bed via fasteners, a cradle assembly for dragging a ram to swing is provided in the cradle bracket, a grinding wheel head assembly is provided in the V-groove of the ram, a main drive box for driving the cradle assembly is provided on the other side of the cradle support relative to the ram, the lower end of the main drive box is fastened to the bed via supporting legs, a saddle and a rotary plate are provided on the bed corresponding to the grinding wheel head assembly side, a workpiece box is provided on the rotary plate, and a feed mechanism for driving the saddle and rotary plate to slide along the bed is provided on the bed below the main drive box. The present invention can realize swing grinding along the tooth height direction and thus grinding along the involute, and can also realize drum-shaped grinding in the tooth length direction, is convenient to use and adjust, and does not require replacement of the cam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gear grinding machines, and in particular relates to a CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine. Background Art

[0002] Straight bevel gears are widely used in machinery, vehicles, ships, and various engines. However, due to limitations in existing equipment, such as machining precision, their geometric accuracy is significantly reduced, severely impacting the smooth transmission of the entire machine. Furthermore, they are noisy, especially in high-speed, high-load environments, making them unsuitable for practical applications.

[0003] Currently, spur bevel gears can be processed using gear planing and milling machines. Compared to planing and milling, gear grinding offers higher precision and better meets the needs of existing working conditions. However, a common spur gear grinding machine, the Swiss Maag KS42 twin-wheel spur gear grinding machine, has the following drawbacks: 1. It can only perform rocking grinding along the tooth height, thereby grinding along the involute, but cannot achieve drum grinding along the tooth length; 2. The adjustment structure of the Swiss Maag KS42 gear grinding machine is relatively complex, and the rocking table assembly and grinding wheel head use a rocking cam structure, which makes replacement and use relatively complicated. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head grinding machine with a compact overall structure. It can realize swing grinding along the tooth height direction and thus grinding along the involute, and can also realize drum-shaped grinding in the tooth length direction. It is easy to use and adjust without the need to replace the cam.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in this way: a CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine includes a bed, a cradle bracket is connected to the bed by fasteners, a cradle assembly for dragging a slide to swing is arranged in the cradle bracket, a grinding wheel grinding head assembly is arranged in the V-shaped groove of the slide, a main drive box for driving the cradle assembly is arranged on the other side of the cradle support frame relative to the slide, the lower end of the main drive box is fastened to the bed through supporting feet, a bed saddle and a rotary plate arranged on the bed saddle are arranged on the bed corresponding to the side of the grinding wheel grinding head assembly, a workpiece box is arranged on the rotary plate, and a feed mechanism for driving the bed saddle and the rotary plate to slide along the bed is provided on the bed below the main drive box.

[0006] The eccentric shaft of the first eccentric shaft is provided with a straight arm on the eccentric disk of the first eccentric shaft, and the first eccentric shaft drives the straight arm to reciprocate along the radial direction of the drum wheel. A fixed chamber is provided inside the drum wheel near the straight arm side, and a first swing shaft is provided in the fixed chamber, and the free end of the straight arm is connected to the first swing shaft by a swing connecting rod, and drives the first swing shaft to reciprocate in the fixed chamber. The front end of the first swing shaft is fastened with an active swing arm, and a driven swing arm is symmetrically provided with a vertical center line of the circumferential section of the drum wheel where the active swing arm is located. The driven swing arm is rotatably arranged in the drum wheel through the second swing shaft, and a transmission connecting rod for driving the driven swing arm to swing synchronously with the active swing arm is provided between the active swing arm and the driven swing arm, and the sliding ram is provided on the active swing arm and the driven swing arm.

[0007] Furthermore, the active swing arm and the driven swing arm are both provided with a lifting mechanism capable of driving the ram to move up and down, the lifting mechanism comprising a lifting screw vertically arranged in the active swing arm and the driven swing arm and a screw nut arranged on the lifting screw, a rotary shaft is provided on the screw nut, and a through groove is provided on the end face of the active swing arm (13) and the end face of the driven swing arm (14) relative to the ram (5-1), the rotary shaft (20) extends to the ram (5-1) side through the through groove and is provided with a rotating bearing, and a support plate is respectively provided corresponding to the active swing arm and the driven swing arm, the upper end of the support plate is vertically provided with a slide groove, the support plate is arranged on the rotating bearing through the slide groove, the lower end of the support plate is provided with a second eccentric shaft, and the ram is arranged on the second eccentric shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the grinding wheel grinding head assembly includes a box body, a main shaft and a grinding wheel arranged at one end of the main shaft, a mounting cavity is provided in the box body, a lifting frame is provided in the mounting cavity through a needle roller row, the main shaft is horizontally arranged in the mounting cavity and both ends pass through the lifting frame, a compensation mechanism is provided on the lifting frame, the compensation mechanism includes a first oil cylinder body arranged on the upper end face of the lifting frame, a ratchet is provided in the first oil cylinder body through a rotating shaft, a piston rod is provided in the first oil cylinder body arranged on one side of the ratchet, a ratchet lever for shifting the ratchet is provided on the piston rod, a driving gear rotating synchronously with the ratchet is provided on the rotating shaft where the ratchet is located, a screw is provided on one side of the driving gear, a driven gear meshing with the driving gear is provided on the screw, the lower end of the screw passes through the first oil cylinder body and extends to the inside of the lifting frame and is provided with a nut, and the nut is connected to the lifting frame.

[0009] Furthermore, a reset adjustment hole is provided on the upper end surface of the screw.

[0010] Furthermore, a pressure angle adjusting mechanism is provided on one side of the box body, and the pressure angle adjusting mechanism includes a pressure angle adjusting arm provided on one side of the working end face of the grinding wheel and a first mounting frame provided on one side of the box body, a second oil cylinder body is provided in the first mounting frame, a piston rack is provided in the second oil cylinder body, a first gear meshing with the piston rack is provided at the lower end of the second oil cylinder body, a first mounting shaft is provided on one side of the first gear, a first sector gear and a second gear are provided on the first mounting shaft, the first sector gear is meshed with the first gear, a first rack meshed with the second gear is provided in the first mounting frame, a pressure angle adjusting tool is provided on the pressure angle adjusting arm near the grinding wheel end, and the pressure angle adjusting arm is connected to the upper end of the first rack away from the grinding wheel end.

[0011] Furthermore, the first rack is arranged at an angle of 20° relative to the grinding wheel plane.

[0012] Furthermore, the second oil cylinder bodies at both ends of the piston rack are respectively provided with electrodes for feeding back signals to the hydraulic station.

[0013] Furthermore, a top dressing mechanism is provided on the other side of the box relative to the pressure angle dressing mechanism, and the top dressing mechanism includes a top dressing arm provided on one side of the working end face of the grinding wheel and a second mounting frame provided on one side of the box, a second mounting shaft is provided in the second mounting frame, and a third gear, a fourth gear and a lifting cam are provided on the second mounting shaft in sequence;

[0014] A second sector gear is provided on the first mounting shaft, a transmission shaft is horizontally provided at the lower end of the box body, a fifth gear is provided on the transmission shaft corresponding to the pressure angle trimming mechanism side, the second sector gear is meshed with the fifth gear, a sixth gear is provided on the transmission shaft corresponding to the top trimming mechanism side, the third gear is meshed with the sixth gear;

[0015] A hollow cylindrical swing body is provided on one side of the second mounting shaft, and a matching groove is provided at the lower end of the swing body to match the lifting cam, a rack shaft is vertically provided in the swing body, and a second rack meshing with the fourth gear is provided at the lower end of the rack shaft, and a third rack is provided at the upper end of the rack shaft. A rotating shaft is horizontally provided at the upper end of the swing body, and a helical gear meshing with the third rack is provided on the rotating shaft. A top dressing tool is provided near the grinding wheel end of the top dressing arm, and the top dressing arm is connected to the rotating shaft away from the grinding wheel end.

[0016] Furthermore, a track cam is provided at the other end of the rotating shaft relative to the top trimming arm connecting end, and a limit screw is provided on the upper end surface of the second mounting frame through a mounting bracket, and the limit screw cooperates with the track cam.

[0017] Furthermore, a tension spring is provided between the outer wall of the upper end portion of the swinging body and the box body.

[0018] The present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the overall mechanism is compact, and can realize rocking grinding along the tooth height direction, thereby grinding along the involute, and can also realize drum grinding in the tooth length direction; the rocker assembly adopts a reciprocating connecting rod mechanism, which is convenient to use and adjust, without the need to replace the cam; the provided lifting mechanism and the second eccentric shaft can adjust the slide motion trajectory, thereby realizing drum grinding;

[0019] The pressure angle dressing mechanism and the top dressing mechanism arranged in the grinding wheel grinding head assembly are integrated with the grinding wheel, which can realize automatic dressing of the grinding wheel. The compensation mechanism set can realize the feeding of the grinding wheel along the workpiece direction to realize compensation operation; through the piston rod, piston rack, electrode and transmission shaft set in the compensation mechanism, pressure angle dressing mechanism and top dressing mechanism, the compensation of the grinding wheel and the linkage operation of the grinding wheel pressure angle and top dressing can be realized, which greatly improves work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a cradle assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a front view of the cradle assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding wheel and grinding head assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the grinding wheel and grinding head assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the compensation mechanism components provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the driving gear, driven gear and screw provided by the embodiment of the present invention

[0028] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure angle trimming mechanism in the grinding wheel and grinding head assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10This is a schematic structural diagram of the top end dressing mechanism of the grinding wheel and grinding head assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a transmission shaft transmission structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the component structure of the pressure angle trimming mechanism and the top trimming mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure, 1, bed; 2, main drive box; 3, cradle bracket; 4, feed mechanism; 5, cradle assembly; 5-1, slide; 6, grinding wheel and grinding head assembly; 7, workpiece box; 8, saddle; 8-1, rotary plate; 9, drum; 10, first eccentric shaft; 11, straight arm; 12, swing link; 13, active swing arm; 14, driven swing arm; 15, fixed chamber; 16, first swing shaft; 17, Transmission connecting rod; 18, lifting screw; 19, screw nut; 20, rotary shaft; 21, support plate; 22, slideway; 23, second eccentric shaft; 24, housing; 25, spindle; 26, grinding wheel; 27, pressure angle trimming mechanism; 28, top trimming mechanism; 29, mounting cavity; 30, needle roller row; 31, lifting frame; 32, ratchet; 33, piston rod; 34, ratchet lever; 35 , driving gear; 36, screw; 37, driven gear; 38, nut; 39, reset adjustment hole; 40, pressure angle trimming arm; 41, first mounting frame; 42, piston rack; 43, electrode; 44, first gear; 45, first mounting shaft; 46, first sector gear; 47, second gear; 48, first rack; 49, second sector gear; 50, top trimming arm; 51, second mounting frame; 52, second mounting shaft; 53, third gear; 54, fourth gear; 55, lifting cam; 56, transmission shaft; 57, sixth gear; 58, swinging body; 59, matching groove; 60, rack shaft; 61, track cam; 62, limit screw; 63, tension spring; 64, bevel gear; 65, rotating shaft; 66, second rack; 67, third rack; 68, fifth gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 12As shown, the present application provides a CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine, comprising a bed 1, a cradle bracket 3 is connected to the bed 1 by fasteners, a cradle assembly 5 for dragging a slide 5-1 to swing is arranged in the cradle bracket 3, a grinding wheel grinding head assembly 6 is arranged in the V-shaped groove of the slide 5-1, a main drive box 2 for driving the cradle assembly 5 is arranged on the other side of the cradle support frame relative to the slide 5-1, the lower end of the main drive box 2 is fastened to the bed 1 through supporting feet, a bed saddle 8 and a rotary plate 8-1 arranged on the bed saddle are arranged on the bed 1 corresponding to the side of the grinding wheel grinding head assembly 6, a workpiece box 7 is arranged on the rotary plate 8-1 by fasteners and V-shaped guide rails, and a feeding mechanism 4 for driving the bed saddle 8 and the rotary plate 8-1 to slide along the bed guide rails on the bed 1 is provided on the bed 1 below the main drive box 2,

[0035] The cradle assembly 5 includes a drum 9 arranged in the cradle bracket 3 through a bearing rotation and a first eccentric shaft 10 driven to rotate by the main drive box 2. A straight arm 11 is provided on the eccentric disk of the first eccentric shaft 10. The first eccentric shaft 10 drives the straight arm 11 to reciprocate along the radial direction of the drum 9. A fixed chamber 15 is provided inside the drum 9 near the side of the straight arm 11. A first swing shaft 16 is provided in the fixed chamber 15. The free end of the straight arm 11 is connected to the first swing shaft 16 through a swing connecting rod 12, and drives the first swing shaft 16 to reciprocate in the fixed chamber 15. The first An active swing arm 13 is fastened to the front end of the swing shaft 16, and a driven swing arm 14 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical center line of the circumferential section of the drum 9 where the active swing arm 13 is located. The driven swing arm 14 is rotatably arranged in the drum 9 through the second swing shaft. Specifically, a mounting hole is provided in the drum 9 corresponding to the driven swing arm 14, and the second swing shaft is rotatably arranged in the drum 9 through a bearing. A transmission connecting rod 17 is provided between the active swing arm 13 and the driven swing arm for driving the driven swing arm 14 to swing synchronously with the active swing arm 13, and the slide 5-1 is provided on the active swing arm 13 and the driven swing arm 14.

[0036] Furthermore, the active swing arm 13 and the driven swing arm 14 are both provided with a lifting mechanism that can drive the slide 5-1 to move up and down, and the lifting mechanism includes a lifting screw 18 vertically arranged in the active swing arm 13 and the driven swing arm 14 and a screw nut 19 arranged on the lifting screw 18, and a rotary shaft 20 is provided on the screw nut 19, and a through groove is provided on the end surface of the active swing arm (13) and the end surface of the driven swing arm (14) relative to the slide (5-1), and the rotary shaft (20) extends to the slide (5-1) side through the through groove and is provided with a rotary bearing, and a support plate 21 is respectively provided corresponding to the active swing arm 13 and the driven swing arm 14, and the upper end of the support plate 21 is vertically provided with a slide groove 22, and the support plate 21 is arranged on the rotary bearing through the slide groove 22, and the lower end of the support plate 21 is provided with a second eccentric shaft 23, and the slide 5-1 is arranged on the second eccentric shaft 23. When the swing arc of the rotary shaft 20 on the screw nut 19 and the bearing of the second eccentric shaft 23 in the slide groove 22 offset each other, the slide 5-1 moves horizontally. When there is a difference between the two, it swings in a circular arc, but the drum shape formed by the swing arc formed by this difference on the tooth length is very small.

[0037] Furthermore, the grinding wheel and grinding head assembly 6 includes a box body 24, a spindle 25, and a grinding wheel 26 arranged at one end of the spindle 25. A mounting cavity 29 is provided in the box body 24. A lifting frame 31 is provided in the mounting cavity 29 through a needle roller row 30. The spindle 25 is horizontally arranged in the mounting cavity 29 and passes through the lifting frame 31 at both ends. A compensation mechanism is provided on the lifting frame 31. The compensation mechanism includes a first oil cylinder body provided on the upper end surface of the lifting frame 31. A ratchet 32 ​​is provided in the first oil cylinder body through a rotating shaft. A piston rod 33 is provided in the first oil cylinder body located on one side of the ratchet 32, and a ratchet lever 34 for shifting the ratchet 32 ​​is provided on the piston rod 33. A driving gear 35 that rotates synchronously with the ratchet 32 ​​is provided on the rotating shaft where the ratchet 32 ​​is located. A screw 36 is provided on one side of the driving gear 35, and a driven gear 37 that meshes with the driving gear 35 is provided on the screw 36. The lower end of the screw 36 passes through the first oil cylinder body and extends to the inside of the lifting frame 31 and is provided with a nut 38. The nut 38 is connected to the lifting frame 31.

[0038] Furthermore, a reset adjustment hole 39 is provided on the upper end surface of the screw 36. Specifically, the reset adjustment hole 39 is a hexagonal hole, and the grinding wheel 26 can be reset and replaced by rotating the reset adjustment hole 39.

[0039] Furthermore, a pressure angle trimming mechanism 27 is provided on one side of the box body 24, and the pressure angle trimming mechanism 27 includes a pressure angle trimming arm 40 provided on one side of the working end face of the grinding wheel 26 and a first mounting frame 41 provided on one side of the box body 24, a second oil cylinder body is provided in the first mounting frame 41, a piston rack 42 is provided in the second oil cylinder body, a first gear 44 meshing with the piston rack 42 is provided at the lower end of the second oil cylinder body, a first mounting shaft 45 is provided on one side of the first gear 44, a first sector gear 46 and a second gear 47 are provided on the first mounting shaft 45, the first sector gear 46 is meshed with the first gear 44, a first rack 48 meshing with the second gear 47 is provided in the first mounting frame 41, a pressure angle trimming tool is provided on the end of the pressure angle trimming arm 40 near the grinding wheel 26, and the pressure angle trimming arm 40 is connected to the upper end of the first rack 48 away from the grinding wheel 26.

[0040] Furthermore, the first rack 48 is arranged at an angle of 20° relative to the plane of the grinding wheel 26 to ensure that the trajectory of the pressure angle dressing motion is the same as the pressure angle of the grinding wheel 26, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the dressing.

[0041] Furthermore, electrodes 43 are provided on the second cylinder body at both ends of the piston rack 42, respectively, for feeding back signals to the hydraulic station. Specifically, the second cylinder body and piston rack 42 are both made of metal, and the mounting brackets for the electrodes 43 on both sides are made of bakelite. The two electrodes are insulated from each other, and from the second cylinder body and the piston rack. When the end of the piston rack contacts the electrodes, the second cylinder body, the piston rack, and the electrodes form a current loop. Power is applied, and a signal circuit breaker is provided to control the forward and reverse rotation of the hydraulic pressure. The two electrodes at both ends of the second cylinder body control the two signals respectively.

[0042] Furthermore, a top trimming mechanism 28 is provided on the other side of the housing 24 relative to the pressure angle trimming mechanism 27. The top trimming mechanism 28 includes a top trimming arm 50 provided on the working end face of the grinding wheel 26 and a second mounting frame 51 provided on the side of the housing 24. A second mounting shaft 52 is provided in the second mounting frame 51. A third gear 53, a fourth gear 54 and a lifting cam 55 are provided on the second mounting shaft 52 in sequence.

[0043] A second sector gear 49 is provided on the first mounting shaft 45. A transmission shaft 56 is horizontally provided at the lower end of the housing 24. A fifth gear 68 is provided on the transmission shaft 56 on the side corresponding to the pressure angle trimming mechanism 27. The second sector gear 49 meshes with the fifth gear 68. A sixth gear 57 is provided on the transmission shaft 56 on the side corresponding to the top trimming mechanism 28. The third gear 53 meshes with the sixth gear 57.

[0044] A hollow cylindrical swinging body 58 is provided on one side of the second mounting shaft 52, and a matching groove 59 is provided at the lower end of the swinging body 58 to match the lifting cam 55, and a rack shaft 60 is vertically provided in the swinging body 58, and a second rack 66 meshing with the fourth gear 54 is provided at the lower end of the rack shaft 60, and a third rack 67 is provided at the upper end of the rack shaft 60, and a rotating shaft 65 is horizontally provided at the upper end of the swinging body 58, and a bevel gear 64 meshing with the third rack 67 is provided on the rotating shaft 65, and a top dressing tool is provided at the end of the top dressing arm 50 near the grinding wheel 26, and the top dressing arm 50 is connected to the rotating shaft 65 away from the grinding wheel 26.

[0045] Furthermore, a track cam 61 is provided at the other end of the rotating shaft 65, which is opposite to the connection end of the top trimming arm 50. A limit screw 62 is provided on the upper end surface of the second mounting frame 51 via a mounting bracket. The limit screw 62 cooperates with the track cam 61. The track cam 61 and limit screw 62 limit the movement trajectory of the top trimming arm 50 after extension. During the extension process, the arm only reaches the top end of the grinding wheel 26, where it contacts the grinding wheel 26 and flips the top trimming tool to trim the top end of the grinding wheel 26.

[0046] Furthermore, a tension spring 63 is provided between the outer wall of the upper end of the swinging body 58 and the box body 24. The tension spring 63 provided enables the limiting top screw 62 to be closely matched along the track cam 61.

[0047] Working process: The workpiece to be processed is placed on the workpiece box 7, and the slide 5-1 swings back and forth, which is completed by the servo motor of the main shaft 25 in the main drive box 2 to the first eccentric shaft 10 in the cradle assembly 5. The grinding wheel head assembly 6 reciprocates and grinds on the slide 5-1. The cradle indexing is completed by the indexing worm gear in the cradle support frame. The rotation of the grinding wheel 26 in the grinding wheel head assembly 6 is independently driven by the built-in motor. The feed mechanism 4 drags the bed saddle 8 and the rotary plate 8-1, that is, the Z axis, to complete the tooth depth grinding action. The workpiece box 7 and the cradle assembly 5 are linked to complete the generating movement of the straight bevel gear through rolling cutting.

[0048] The main drive box 2 drives the first eccentric shaft 10 to rotate. The eccentric rotation of the first eccentric shaft 10 drives the straight arm 11 to reciprocate along the radial direction of the drum 9 according to the eccentric distance. The first swing shaft 16 is pushed to reciprocate along a certain angle in the fixed chamber 15 through the swing connecting rod 12. The first swing shaft 16 drives the active swing arm 13 to swing left and right at a fixed angle along its rotation center. The driven swing arm 14 is driven by the transmission connecting rod 17 to swing synchronously with the active swing arm 13. The slide 5-1 swings left and right under the drive of the active swing arm 13 and the driven swing arm 14.

[0049] The support plate 21 is fixed to the rotary shaft 20 and moves with the active swing arm and the driven swing arm 14. Rotating and lifting the screw nut 19 on the lifting screw 18 causes the rotary shaft 20 to move, so that the rotary shaft 20 is located at different heights in the chute 22 on the support plate 21. This can change the swing amplitude of the support plate 21. If the adjustment range is within the eccentric distance range of the second eccentric shaft 23 (i.e., from the lowest end to the center position), the ram 5-1 will swing left and right in a horizontal straight line. If it is further lifted to form an obtuse angle connecting rod, it can achieve a certain arc of swing, thereby grinding the drum-shaped tooth surface. Therefore, adjusting the height of the rotary shaft 20 within the chute 22 on the support plate 21 can change the ram 5-1 from linear motion to large circular swing. Due to the large arc, the drum-shaped amount of travel on the straight tooth surface can be 5μm to 0.01mm.

[0050] The grinding wheel head assembly 6 has the grinding wheel 26 compensation function and the dressing function. The two functions are controlled by hydraulic pressure, gear transmission and gear shaft linkage, and the dressing speed is controlled by the speed regulating valve.

[0051] When the compensation function is working, the hydraulic oil pushes the piston rod 33 in the first cylinder, and the ratchet lever 34 on the piston rod 33 pushes the ratchet 32 ​​to rotate a certain angle. The driving gear 35 on the rotating shaft where the ratchet 32 ​​is located is linked with the ratchet 32 ​​and transmitted to the driven gear 37 engaged with the driving gear 35, driving the screw 36 where the driven gear 37 is located to rotate. Under the rotation action of the screw 36, the nut 38 drives the lifting frame 31 to move upward, thereby causing the grinding wheel 26 to move toward the workpiece to perform a compensation action.

[0052] Pressure angle dressing process: Hydraulic oil pushes the piston rack 42 in the second oil cylinder, and the first gear 44 meshing with the piston rack 42 rotates, and drives the first sector gear 46 meshing with the first gear 44 to rotate a certain angle, thereby driving the first mounting shaft 45 to rotate, and the second gear 47 set on the first mounting shaft 45 rotates accordingly, and drives the first rack 48 to move, thereby driving the pressure angle dressing arm 40 to move. Since the first rack 48 is set at a 20° angle relative to the plane of the grinding wheel 26, the pressure angle dressing arm 40 moves at a 20° angle toward the top of the grinding wheel 26, thereby achieving pressure angle dressing of the grinding wheel 26. When the piston rack 42 moves to one end and touches the electrode 43, the dressing is completed. The hydraulic oil pump reverses, and the piston rack 42 moves in the opposite direction to drive the above-mentioned mechanism to perform a return motion. When the piston rack 42 touches the tail electrode 43, the hydraulic oil pump receives a signal to stop rotating, and the entire compensation dressing of the grinding wheel 26 is completed.

[0053] During the top trimming process, the first mounting shaft 45 rotates, driving the second sector gear 49 to rotate. This in turn drives the transmission shaft 56 to rotate and transmit power through the fifth gear 68. The transmission shaft 56 rotates, causing the sixth gear 57 on the transmission shaft 56 corresponding to the top trimming mechanism 28 to drive the third gear 53 to rotate, thereby driving the second mounting shaft 52 to rotate. The fourth gear 54 and the lifting cam 55 on the second mounting shaft 52 rotate accordingly. The lifting cam 55 rotates in the matching groove 59 and pushes the swinging body 58 upward. The swinging body 58 rises a certain distance along the trajectory formed by the track cam 61 and the limit screw 62 to reach the limit position, and the lifting cam 55 disengages from the matching groove 59. As the swinging body 58 reaches the position, the fourth gear 54 pushes the second rack 66 at the lower end of the rack shaft 60. The third rack 67 at the upper end of the rack shaft 60 moves and drives the bevel gear 64 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft 65 and the top trimming arm 50 to rotate along the outer circle of the track cam 61 and rotate around the grinding wheel 26, completing the top circle trimming of the grinding wheel 26. Until the sixth gear 57 stops moving.

[0054] The complete working process of the grinding wheel 26 assembly is as follows: after the dressing is started, the pressure oil pushes the piston rod 33 to push the ratchet 32 ​​to rotate a certain angle and drive the coaxial driving gear 35 to rotate, driving the meshing driven gear 37 and the screw 36 to push the grinding wheel 26 spindle 25 body, so that the grinding wheel 26 moves a fixed distance. Then the hydraulic oil enters the tool dressing oil chamber to push the piston rack 42, the piston rack 42 drives the first gear 44 to push the first sector gear 46, the first sector gear 46 is coaxially installed with the second sector gear 49 and the second gear 47, the second sector gear 49 pushes the transmission shaft 56 to transmit power to On the other side of the top dressing mechanism 28, the second gear 47 drives the first rack 48 to move linearly, thereby realizing the pressure angle shaping of the grinding wheel 26; the transmission shaft 56 is installed with the sixth gear 57 to drive the third gear 53 to rotate, and the fourth gear 54 and the lifting cam 55 are installed on the shaft where the third gear 53 is located. The lifting cam 55 pushes the swing body 58 to extend a certain distance and disengage to continue rotating. The fourth gear 54 drives the rack shaft 60 to move together with the swing body 58. The upper end of the rack shaft 60 drives the helical gear to rotate, and drives the rotating shaft 65 and the top dressing arm 50 to rotate along the outer circle of the track cam 61 to realize the top track shaping.

[0055] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the overall mechanism is compact, and can achieve rocking grinding along the tooth height direction, thereby grinding along the involute, and can also achieve drum grinding in the tooth length direction; the cradle assembly 5 adopts a reciprocating connecting rod mechanism, which is convenient for use and adjustment, without the need to replace the cam, and the provided lifting mechanism and second eccentric shaft 23 can adjust the motion trajectory of the slide 5-1, thereby achieving drum grinding;

[0056] The pressure angle dressing mechanism 27 and the top dressing mechanism 28 provided in the grinding wheel head assembly 6 are integrated with the grinding wheel 26, which can realize automatic dressing of the grinding wheel 26. The compensation mechanism provided can realize the feeding of the grinding wheel 26 along the direction of the workpiece to realize compensation operation; through the piston rod 33, piston rack 42, electrode 43 and transmission shaft 56 provided in the compensation mechanism, the pressure angle dressing mechanism 27 and the top dressing mechanism 28, the compensation of the grinding wheel 26 and the linkage operation of the pressure angle and the top dressing of the grinding wheel 26 can be realized, thereby greatly improving work efficiency.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine, comprising a bed (1), a cradle bracket (3) connected to the bed (1) via fasteners, a cradle assembly (5) for dragging a ram (5-1) to swing is provided in the cradle bracket (3), a grinding wheel grinding head assembly (6) is provided in the V-shaped groove of the ram (5-1), and a main drive box (2) for driving the cradle assembly (5) is provided on the other side of the cradle bracket (3) relative to the ram (5-1). The lower end of the main drive box (2) is fastened to the bed (1) via a supporting leg; a bed saddle (8) and a rotary plate (8-1) arranged on the bed saddle (8) are provided on the bed (1) corresponding to the grinding wheel head assembly (6); a workpiece box (7) is provided on the rotary plate (8-1); a feeding mechanism (4) for driving the bed saddle (8) and the rotary plate (8-1) to slide along the bed (1) is provided on the bed (1) below the main drive box (2), and is characterized in that: The cradle assembly (5) includes a drum (9) rotatably arranged in the cradle bracket (3) through a bearing and a first eccentric shaft (10) driven to rotate by the main drive box (2), a straight arm (11) is provided on the eccentric disk of the first eccentric shaft (10), and the first eccentric shaft (10) drives the straight arm (11) to reciprocate along the radial direction of the drum (9), a fixed chamber (15) is provided inside the drum (9) near the straight arm (11), and a first swing shaft (16) is provided in the fixed chamber (15), and the free end of the straight arm (11) is connected to the first swing shaft (16) through a swing connecting rod (12), and drives the first A swing shaft (16) reciprocates in a fixed chamber (15); an active swing arm (13) is fixedly provided at the front end of the first swing shaft (16); a driven swing arm (14) is symmetrically provided with respect to a vertical center line of a circumferential section of a drum (9) where the active swing arm (13) is located; the driven swing arm (14) is rotatably provided in the drum (9) via a second swing shaft; a transmission connecting rod (17) is provided between the active swing arm (13) and the driven swing arm (14) for driving the driven swing arm (14) to swing synchronously with the active swing arm (13); and the ram (5-1) is provided on the active swing arm (13) and the driven swing arm (14).

2. The CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active swing arm (13) and the driven swing arm (14) are both provided with a lifting mechanism capable of driving the ram (5-1) to move up and down. The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting screw (18) vertically provided in the active swing arm (13) and the driven swing arm (14) and a screw nut (19) provided on the lifting screw (18). A rotary shaft (20) is provided on the screw nut (19). A through groove is provided on the end surface of the active swing arm (13) and the end surface of the driven swing arm (14) relative to the ram (5-1). The rotary shaft (20) extends toward the side of the ram (5-1) through the through groove and is provided with a rotary bearing. A support plate (21) is provided corresponding to the active swing arm (13) and the driven swing arm (14), respectively. A slide groove (22) is vertically provided at the upper end of the support plate (21). The support plate (21) is provided on the rotary bearing through the slide groove (22). A second eccentric shaft (23) is provided at the lower end of the support plate (21), and the ram (5-1) is provided on the second eccentric shaft (23).

3. The CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The grinding wheel grinding head assembly (6) includes a box (24), a main shaft (25) and a grinding wheel (26) arranged at one end of the main shaft (25); a mounting cavity (29) is arranged in the box (24); a lifting frame (31) is arranged in the mounting cavity (29) through a needle roller row (30); the main shaft (25) is horizontally arranged in the mounting cavity (29) and passes through the lifting frame (31) at both ends; a compensation mechanism is arranged on the lifting frame (31); the compensation mechanism includes a first oil cylinder body arranged on the upper end surface of the lifting frame (31); a ratchet (32) is arranged in the first oil cylinder body through a rotating shaft; the ratchet (32) is located at the bottom of the ratchet (31) and the first oil cylinder body is provided with a ratchet (32) through a rotating shaft. 2) A piston rod (33) is provided in the first oil cylinder body on one side, a ratchet lever (34) for shifting the ratchet (32) is provided on the piston rod (33), a driving gear (35) that rotates synchronously with the ratchet (32) is provided on the rotating shaft where the ratchet (32) is located, a screw rod (36) is provided on one side of the driving gear (35), a driven gear (37) that meshes with the driving gear (35) is provided on the screw rod (36), the lower end of the screw rod (36) passes through the first oil cylinder body and extends to the inside of the lifting frame (31) and is provided with a nut (38), and the nut (38) is connected to the lifting frame (31).

4. The CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the screw rod (36) is provided with a reset adjustment hole (39).

5. The CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure angle trimming mechanism (27) is provided on one side of the box (24), and the pressure angle trimming mechanism (27) includes a pressure angle trimming arm (40) provided on one side of the working end face of the grinding wheel (26) and a first mounting frame (41) provided on one side of the box (24). A second oil cylinder is provided in the first mounting frame (41), a piston rack (42) is provided in the second oil cylinder, a first gear (44) meshing with the piston rack (42) is provided at the lower end of the second oil cylinder, and a first gear (44) is provided on one side of the first gear (44). A first mounting shaft (45) is provided, a first sector gear (46) and a second gear (47) are provided on the first mounting shaft (45), the first sector gear (46) is meshed with the first gear (44), a first rack (48) meshed with the second gear (47) is provided in the first mounting frame (41), a pressure angle trimming tool is provided at the end of the pressure angle trimming arm (40) close to the grinding wheel (26), and the end of the pressure angle trimming arm (40) away from the grinding wheel (26) is connected to the upper end of the first rack (48).

6. The CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first rack (48) is arranged at an angle of 20° relative to the plane of the grinding wheel (26).

7. The CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Electrodes (43) for feeding back signals to the hydraulic station are respectively provided on the second oil cylinder bodies at both ends of the piston rack (42).

8. The CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A top trimming mechanism (28) is provided on the other side of the housing (24) relative to the pressure angle trimming mechanism (27), the top trimming mechanism (28) comprising a top trimming arm (50) provided on one side of the working end face of the grinding wheel (26) and a second mounting frame (51) provided on one side of the housing (24), a second mounting shaft (52) being provided in the second mounting frame (51), and a third gear (53), a fourth gear (54) and a lifting cam (55) being provided on the second mounting shaft (52) in sequence; A second sector gear (49) is provided on the first mounting shaft (45), a transmission shaft (56) is horizontally provided at the lower end of the housing (24), a fifth gear (68) is provided on the transmission shaft (56) corresponding to the pressure angle trimming mechanism (27), the second sector gear (49) is meshed with the fifth gear (68), a sixth gear (57) is provided on the transmission shaft (56) corresponding to the top trimming mechanism (28), and the third gear (53) is meshed with the sixth gear (57); A hollow cylindrical swinging body (58) is provided on one side of the second mounting shaft (52), and a matching groove (59) is provided at the lower end of the swinging body (58) to match the lifting cam (55). A rack shaft (60) is vertically provided in the swinging body (58), and a second rack (66) meshing with the fourth gear (54) is provided at the lower end of the rack shaft (60), and a third rack (67) is provided at the upper end of the rack shaft (60). A rotating shaft (65) is horizontally provided at the upper end of the swinging body (58), and a bevel gear (64) meshing with the third rack (67) is provided on the rotating shaft (65). A top dressing tool is provided at the end of the top dressing arm (50) close to the grinding wheel (26), and the end of the top dressing arm (50) away from the grinding wheel (26) is connected to the rotating shaft (65).

9. The CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: A track cam (61) is provided at the other end of the rotating shaft (65) relative to the connecting end of the top trimming arm (50), and a limiting top screw (62) is provided on the upper end surface of the second mounting frame (51) through a mounting bracket, and the limiting top screw (62) cooperates with the track cam (61).

10. The CNC straight bevel gear single grinding head gear grinding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: A tension spring (63) is provided between the outer wall of the upper end portion of the swinging body (58) and the box body (24).

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