Anti-clogging coking system and coking method
By using alumina ball catalysts to decompose heavy tar in the coking system, the problem of tar blockage was solved, the system was able to operate stably and be reused at low cost, and the reliability of the coking process was improved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XIAN THERMAL POWER RES INST CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
In existing coking systems, heavy tar generated during coal pyrolysis easily clogs equipment and pipelines, affecting the reliability and stability of system operation. Existing catalysts are costly or prone to deactivation, making it difficult to effectively control the tar problem.
Alumina balls are used as catalysts and mixed with carbonized materials to decompose high-viscosity heavy tar into low-viscosity light tar. The catalytic performance is maintained by recycling and reuse, and the tar and dust are prevented from mixing and agglomerating.
It effectively prevents tar blockage, reduces tar precipitation, and improves system operational stability. Alumina balls can be reused multiple times, resulting in low cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN116536067B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of activated coke preparation, and more particularly to an anti-clogging coking system and coking method. Background Technology
[0002] Coal is both a fuel and a readily available and inexpensive raw material for producing carbon materials. Currently, activated coke used for desulfurization and denitrification is made from coal. During coal pyrolysis and carbonization, heavy tar components are easily generated, which can clog equipment and pipelines, affecting the reliability and stability of the system. Therefore, controlling the amount of tar produced during coal pyrolysis, especially heavy tar, is crucial for solving the tar problem. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, the embodiments of the present invention provide a coking system and coking method that prevents clogging. By using alumina balls as a catalyst, high-viscosity heavy tar can be decomposed into low-viscosity light tar, preventing clogging caused by the mixing and agglomeration of tar and dust. Moreover, the catalyst can be recycled.
[0004] The inventors discovered through research that existing coking oven equipment has consistently suffered from tar problems. The most common equipment in the coking carbonization process is the horizontal rotary kiln, where raw materials are carbonized by heating from room temperature to 500℃-600℃. Within the temperature range of 350℃-550℃, a large amount of tar is generated. When tar mixes with dust, it agglomerates, forming a high-viscosity mixture that easily adheres to the walls of containers or pipes, causing blockages in equipment, valves, and pipelines. Currently, catalytic conversion is the most effective method for tar control, and numerous studies have reported on the catalysts used. Among these, natural mineral catalysts are the lowest in cost but have low mechanical strength; alkali metal catalysts are prone to melting and agglomeration, making recovery difficult; transition metal catalysts such as Pd and Pt are expensive, and during application, carbon deposits generated from tar decomposition accumulate on the catalyst surface, leading to catalyst deactivation; semi-coke catalysts are inexpensive but have limited catalytic effects. Research and experiments have shown that using alumina (γ-Al₂O₃) as a catalyst or support can control the generation of heavy tar.
[0005] One embodiment of the present invention proposes an anti-clogging coking system, comprising: a coking oven, a vibrating screen, a cooler, and a conveying mechanism. The coking oven has a raw coal particle inlet, an alumina ball inlet, and a discharge outlet. A heating device is installed inside the coking oven. The alumina ball inlet is located at the carbonization section of the coking oven, the raw coal particle inlet is located at the top of the coking oven, and the discharge outlet is located at the bottom of the coking oven. The vibrating screen has a vibrating screen inlet, an activated coke outlet, and an alumina ball outlet, with the vibrating screen inlet located below the discharge outlet. The cooler is connected to the activated coke outlet. The conveying mechanism has a conveying start end and a conveying end end, with the conveying start end connected to the alumina ball outlet and the conveying end end connected to the alumina ball inlet.
[0006] This application introduces an alumina ball inlet into the coking oven, using the alumina balls as a catalyst to mix the alumina balls with the carbonized material. This accelerates the heating rate of the carbonized material, resulting in a shorter residence time in the 350-550°C temperature range where a large amount of tar is released, leading to a smaller amount of tar released. Simultaneously, the released tar is preferentially adsorbed by the alumina balls, reducing the probability of tar mixing with dust. The alumina balls decompose the high-viscosity heavy tar into low-viscosity light tar, preventing clogging problems caused by the agglomeration of tar and dust.
[0007] The alumina spheres used in this application are recyclable with a high recovery rate and can be reused multiple times at low cost. When the alumina spheres enter the activation section, the high temperature and water vapor in the activation section decompose the tar on the surface of the alumina spheres, thereby regenerating the alumina spheres and ensuring that they maintain good catalytic performance.
[0008] In some embodiments, the coking oven includes: a pre-carbonization section, a carbonization section, and an activation section. The pre-carbonization section has a first furnace chamber, with a raw coal particle inlet located at the top of the first furnace chamber, and the first furnace chamber has a first outlet. The carbonization section has a second furnace chamber, with an alumina ball inlet located on the side wall of the second furnace chamber. The second furnace chamber is connected to the first furnace chamber via the first outlet, and the second furnace chamber has a second outlet. The activation section has a third furnace chamber, which is connected to the second furnace chamber via the second outlet, and a discharge port is located at the bottom of the third furnace chamber.
[0009] In some embodiments, the anti-clogging coking system further includes an alumina hopper, which has a hopper inlet and a hopper outlet. The hopper outlet is connected to the alumina hopper inlet of the coking oven, and the hopper inlet is connected to the conveying terminal of the conveying mechanism.
[0010] In some embodiments, the conveying device is a hoist.
[0011] In some embodiments, a hopper is connected to the raw coal particle inlet.
[0012] In some embodiments, the diameter of the alumina balls is 3-5 times the particle size of the activated coke. After carbonization and activation, they can be easily screened and recovered using a vibrating screen.
[0013] In some embodiments, the vibrating screen, conveying mechanism, and cooler are all equipped with an inert atmosphere protection device to ensure operation under oxygen-free conditions and prevent combustion of alumina balls or activated coke at high temperatures.
[0014] Another embodiment of the present invention proposes an anti-clogging coking method, which utilizes the above-described anti-clogging coking system and includes the following steps:
[0015] Raw coal particles enter the coking oven through the raw coal particle inlet and pass through the pre-carbonization section, carbonization section and activation section in sequence. In the carbonization section, alumina balls are introduced and mixed with the carbonized material for heating. After the carbonized material is activated in the activation section, activated coke is obtained and discharged from the outlet together with the alumina balls.
[0016] Activated coke and alumina balls are separated in a vibrating screen. The activated coke is cooled in a cooler, while the alumina balls are sent back to the carbonization section of the coke oven for recycling via a conveying mechanism.
[0017] This application introduces an alumina ball inlet into the coking oven, using the alumina balls as a catalyst to mix the alumina balls with the carbonized material. This accelerates the heating rate of the carbonized material, resulting in a shorter residence time in the 350-550°C temperature range where a large amount of tar is released, leading to a smaller amount of tar released. Simultaneously, the released tar is preferentially adsorbed by the alumina balls, reducing the probability of tar mixing with dust. The alumina balls decompose the high-viscosity heavy tar into low-viscosity light tar, preventing clogging problems caused by the agglomeration of tar and dust.
[0018] The alumina spheres used in this application are recyclable with a high recovery rate and can be reused multiple times at low cost. When the alumina spheres enter the activation section, the high temperature and water vapor in the activation section decompose the tar on the surface of the alumina spheres, thereby regenerating the alumina spheres and ensuring that they maintain good catalytic performance.
[0019] In some embodiments, the temperature in the pre-carbonization section is 180–200°C, the temperature in the carbonization section is 500–600°C, and the temperature in the activation section is 750–900°C.
[0020] In some embodiments, the activated coke is cooled to 40–60°C in the cooling machine. Attached Figure Description
[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0022] in:
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-clogging coking system in an embodiment of this application;
[0024] Figure label:
[0025] 1-Alumina spherical hopper, 2-Conveying mechanism, 3-Hopper, 4-Coking oven, 41-Pre-carbonization section, 42-Carbonization section, 43-Activation section, 5-Vibrating screen, 6-Cooler. Detailed Implementation
[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0027] The anti-clogging coking system of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, one embodiment of this application proposes an anti-clogging coking system, including: a coking oven 4, a vibrating screen 5, a cooler 6, and a conveying mechanism 2. The coking oven 4 has a raw coal particle inlet, an alumina ball inlet, and a discharge outlet. A heating device is installed inside the coking oven 4. The alumina ball inlet is located at the carbonization section 42 of the coking oven 4, the raw coal particle inlet is located at the top of the coking oven 4, and the discharge outlet is located at the bottom of the coking oven 4. The vibrating screen 5 has a vibrating screen 5 inlet, an activated coke outlet, and an alumina ball outlet. The vibrating screen 5 inlet is located below the discharge outlet. The cooler 6 is connected to the activated coke outlet. The conveying mechanism 2 has a conveying start end and a conveying end end. The conveying start end is connected to the alumina ball outlet, and the conveying end end is connected to the alumina ball inlet.
[0029] This application introduces an alumina ball inlet in the coking oven 4, using the alumina balls as a catalyst to mix the alumina balls with the carbonized material. This accelerates the heating rate of the carbonized material, resulting in a shorter residence time in the 350-550°C temperature range where a large amount of tar is released, leading to a smaller amount of tar released. Simultaneously, the released tar is preferentially adsorbed by the alumina balls, reducing the probability of tar mixing with dust. The alumina balls catalytically decompose the high-viscosity heavy tar into low-viscosity light tar, preventing clogging problems caused by the mixing and agglomeration of tar and dust.
[0030] The alumina spheres used in this application are recyclable with a high recovery rate and can be reused multiple times at a low cost. When the alumina spheres enter the activation section 43, the high temperature and water vapor in the activation section 43 decompose the tar on the surface of the alumina spheres, thereby regenerating the alumina spheres and ensuring that the alumina spheres always maintain good catalytic performance.
[0031] In some embodiments, the coke oven 4 comprises, from top to bottom, a pre-carbonization section 41, a carbonization section 42, and an activation section 43. The pre-carbonization section 41 has a first furnace chamber, with a raw coal particle inlet located at the top of the first furnace chamber, and the first furnace chamber has a first outlet. The carbonization section 42 has a second furnace chamber, with an alumina ball inlet located on the side wall of the second furnace chamber, and the second furnace chamber is connected to the first furnace chamber via the first outlet, and the second furnace chamber has a second outlet. The activation section 43 has a third furnace chamber, which is connected to the second furnace chamber via the second outlet, and the discharge port is located at the bottom of the third furnace chamber. The third furnace chamber also has a steam inlet.
[0032] In some embodiments, the anti-clogging coking system further includes an alumina hopper 1, which has a hopper inlet and a hopper outlet. The hopper outlet is connected to the alumina hopper inlet of the coking oven 4, and the hopper inlet is connected to the conveying terminal of the conveying mechanism 2.
[0033] In some embodiments, the conveying device is a hoist.
[0034] In some embodiments, a hopper 3 is connected to the raw coal particle inlet.
[0035] In some embodiments, the diameter of the alumina balls is 3-5 times that of the activated coke particles. After carbonization and activation, they can be easily screened and recovered using a vibrating screen 5.
[0036] In some embodiments, the vibrating screen 5, the conveying mechanism 2, and the cooler 6 are all equipped with inert atmosphere protection devices to ensure operation under oxygen-free conditions and prevent the alumina balls or activated coke from burning at high temperatures.
[0037] Another embodiment of the present invention proposes an anti-clogging coking method, which utilizes the above-described anti-clogging coking system and includes the following steps:
[0038] Raw coal particles enter the coking oven 4 through the raw coal particle inlet and pass through the pre-carbonization section 41, carbonization section 42 and activation section 43 in sequence. In the carbonization section 42, alumina balls are introduced and mixed with the carbonized material and heated. After the carbonized material is activated in the activation section 43, activated coke is obtained and discharged from the outlet together with the alumina balls.
[0039] The activated coke and alumina balls are separated in the vibrating screen 5. The activated coke is cooled in the cooler 6, while the alumina balls are sent back to the carbonization section 42 of the coke oven 4 for recycling via the conveyor mechanism 2.
[0040] This application introduces an alumina ball inlet in the coking oven 4, using the alumina balls as a catalyst to mix the alumina balls with the carbonized material. This accelerates the heating rate of the carbonized material, resulting in a shorter residence time in the 350-550°C temperature range where a large amount of tar is released, leading to a smaller amount of tar released. Simultaneously, the released tar is preferentially adsorbed by the alumina balls, reducing the probability of tar mixing with dust. The alumina balls catalytically decompose the high-viscosity heavy tar into low-viscosity light tar, preventing clogging problems caused by the mixing and agglomeration of tar and dust.
[0041] The alumina spheres used in this application are recyclable with a high recovery rate and can be reused multiple times at a low cost. When the alumina spheres enter the activation section 43, the high temperature and water vapor in the activation section 43 decompose the tar on the surface of the alumina spheres, thereby regenerating the alumina spheres and ensuring that the alumina spheres always maintain good catalytic performance.
[0042] In some embodiments, the temperature in the pre-carbonization section 41 is 180–200°C, the temperature in the carbonization section 42 is 500–600°C, and the temperature in the activation section 43 is 750–900°C.
[0043] In some embodiments, the activated coke is cooled to 40–60°C in the cooling unit 6.
[0044] In some embodiments, the alumina spheres have a γ-Al2O3 crystal structure.
[0045] In some embodiments, the specific surface area of the alumina spheres is greater than 160 m². 2 / g, strength greater than or equal to 120N / piece.
[0046] The present application will be further illustrated by specific embodiments below.
[0047] Example 1
[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, a coking method for preventing clogging includes the following steps:
[0049] S1, the raw coal particles in the silo 3 enter the coking oven 4 through the raw coal particle inlet, first enter the pre-carbonization section 41, and are heated to 190℃ to obtain carbonized material.
[0050] S2, the carbonized material enters the carbonization section 42, and at the same time, alumina balls enter the carbonization section 42 from the alumina ball hopper 1, mix with the carbonized material, and are heated to 550℃.
[0051] S3, the carbonized material and alumina balls enter the activation section 43 together and are heated to 800℃. The carbonized material is activated into activated coke, and the tar adsorbed on the surface of the alumina balls is decomposed. The activated coke and alumina balls are discharged from the discharge port to the vibrating screen 5 for screening to separate the activated coke and alumina balls.
[0052] S4, the activated coke enters the cooler 6 and is cooled to 50°C to obtain the finished activated coke product; the alumina balls are sent back to the alumina ball silo 1 by the elevator for recycling. The temperature of the recycled alumina balls is relatively high. When they re-enter the carbonization section 42, the high temperature of the alumina balls themselves can heat the carbonized material, eliminating the need for external heating of the carbonization section 42 and saving energy.
[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0054] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0055] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0056] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0057] In this invention, the term "some embodiments," etc., refers to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments. Moreover, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments without contradiction.
[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A coking system for preventing clogging, characterized in that, include: A coking oven has a raw coal particle inlet, an alumina ball inlet, and a discharge outlet. The coking oven is equipped with a heating device. The alumina ball inlet is located in the carbonization section of the coking oven and is used to introduce alumina balls. The alumina balls have a γ-Al2O3 crystal structure and are used to decompose the heavy tar produced during the pyrolysis of raw coal particles into light tar. The raw coal particle inlet is located at the top of the coking oven, and the discharge outlet is located at the bottom of the coking oven. A vibrating screen has a vibrating screen inlet, an activated coke outlet, and an alumina ball outlet, wherein the vibrating screen inlet is located below the outlet. A cooling unit connected to the activated coke outlet; A conveying mechanism having a conveying start end and a conveying end end, the conveying start end being connected to the alumina ball outlet, and the conveying end end being connected to the alumina ball inlet; The coking oven includes: The pre-carbonization section has a first furnace cavity, the raw coal particle inlet is located at the top of the first furnace cavity, and the first furnace cavity has a first outlet; The carbonization section has a second furnace chamber, the alumina ball inlet is located on the side wall of the second furnace chamber, the second furnace chamber is connected to the first furnace chamber through the first outlet, and the second furnace chamber has a second outlet; The activation section has a third furnace chamber, which is connected to the second furnace chamber through the second outlet, and the discharge port is located at the bottom of the third furnace chamber.
2. The anti-clogging coking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an alumina sphere hopper, which has a sphere hopper inlet and a sphere hopper outlet. The sphere hopper outlet is connected to the alumina sphere inlet of the coking oven, and the sphere hopper inlet is connected to the conveying terminal of the conveying mechanism.
3. The anti-clogging coking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism is a hoist.
4. The anti-clogging coking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hopper is connected to the inlet of the raw coal particles.
5. The anti-clogging coking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the alumina spheres is 3-5 times that of the activated coke particles.
6. The anti-clogging coking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrating screen, the conveying mechanism, and the cooler are all equipped with inert atmosphere protection devices.
7. A coking method for preventing clogging, characterized in that, The anti-clogging coking system according to any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: Raw coal particles enter the coking oven through the raw coal particle inlet and pass through the pre-carbonization section, carbonization section and activation section in sequence. In the carbonization section, alumina balls are introduced and mixed with the carbonized material and heated. The carbonized material is then activated in the activation section to obtain activated coke, which is discharged from the outlet together with the alumina balls. The temperature in the pre-carbonization section is 180~200℃, the temperature in the carbonization section is 500~600℃, and the temperature in the activation section is 750~900℃; The activated coke and the alumina balls are separated in a vibrating screen, wherein the activated coke is cooled in a cooler, and the alumina balls are sent back to the carbonization section of the coking oven for recycling via a conveying mechanism.
8. The coking method for preventing clogging according to claim 7, characterized in that, The activated coke is cooled to 40~60°C in the cooling machine.