Solar energy type ventilation system for buildings

Abstract

A kind of solar energy type ventilation system for building, the building is equipped with air shaft, room, power generation system;Air exchange device is provided in the room, air exchange device is connected with air shaft and room;The power generation system includes controller, inverter;Support assembly, wind power module are provided in the air shaft;Photovoltaic module is provided above the air shaft;The wind power module converts wind power in the air shaft into electric power and supplies to the battery pack, the photovoltaic module converts solar energy into electric power and supplies to the battery pack, the output end of the battery pack is connected to inverter;The photovoltaic module includes inclination sensor, the inclination sensor is set above photovoltaic panel to sense photovoltaic panel inclination and pass information to controller, the controller controls the action of hydraulic cylinder.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of building energy, in particular to a solar ventilation system for building. BACKGROUND

[0002] Building ventilation shaft is a natural ventilation technology of building, compared with mechanical ventilation, it is economical, energy-saving and saves building space. Its structure is to set a vertical shaft space in the building, the bottom opening is connected to the indoor, and the top opening is connected to the outdoor. Its function is to ventilate, smoke and exhaust the building interior to keep the air fresh in the building. The ventilation principle of the ventilation shaft uses wind pressure or heat exchange (i.e. using natural energy), or directly uses a fan (using active energy), or sets a non-powered hood device at the air outlet. Among them, the generator blade is often set in the ventilation shaft to utilize wind energy to some extent. Photovoltaic panels are also used on the roof of the building.

[0003] In actual engineering practice, the following problems exist:

[0004] I. The conventional method of building ventilation shaft sets a non-powered hood device at the air outlet, which uses the principle of natural wind speed to push the turbine of the fan to rotate and the convection of indoor and outdoor air to accelerate and change any parallel air flow into vertical air flow from bottom to top to improve indoor ventilation effect, without electricity and noise, and can be operated for a long time. At the same time, a power generation device is arranged in the air duct, but the efficiency of power generation of the ventilation shaft needs to be improved.

[0005] II. The existing solar photovoltaic panel has a need for rotation angle, in recent years, hydraulic cylinders have been commonly used as power control rotation, such as the solar 10 all-around competition held in 2010, the VGN team from the United States won the first prize by using hydraulic cylinder control photovoltaic panel rotation technology; but the existing technology of hydraulic cylinder control photovoltaic panel rotation has the following problems: under normal circumstances, three cylinders are located below the photovoltaic panel to support, the best solution should be that the hydraulic cylinder supports the piston rod by fixed structure instead of oil support piston rod; when the fixed structure supports the piston rod and three cylinders cooperate to control the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel, the cylinder on one side does not act, the cylinder on the opposite side lifts too much, and the middle cylinder lifts moderately, and the too much lifting distance may cause problems such as size, stability of the three hydraulic cylinders.

[0006] Three, the existing technology of precision servo hydraulic cylinder, through the sensor controller set position, through the means of oil supply to achieve position determination, oil supply through the valve opening and closing, however, through the oil supply is not accurate, for example, signal control delay, opening and closing delay, residual oil volume and other causes of unexpected oil change will make the oil supply is not accurate, and the corresponding pipe diameter is larger, the oil change is larger control is not accurate, but for the traditional hydraulic cylinder, the oil inlet, oil outlet channel can not be set too small in diameter.

[0007] Four, the existing technology of limit structure, only to realize fixed limit, can not realize the optional limit: some cases limit, some cases do not limit. If you want to realize a variety of general, may also need to rely on active control means, increase the cost.

[0008] Five, the existing technology of hydraulic cylinder, if you want to realize long distance extension, need to rely on the extension of oil cavity to realize, the more hydraulic oil provides, the longer the cavity, the longer the extension distance. But this needs the appropriate size of the hydraulic cylinder, but also need more hydraulic oil, more oil to the place of the response time is long, slow response, high cost.

[0009] Six, the existing technology of hydraulic cylinder, only one piston, single function can only realize the stroke function. SUMMARY

[0010] In order to overcome the above problems, the present application proposes a scheme to solve the above problems.

[0011] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: a solar energy type ventilation system for building, the building is provided with a ventilation shaft, a room and a power generation system; the room is provided with an air exchange device, which communicates the room with the ventilation shaft; the power generation system comprises a wind power module, a photovoltaic module, a square steel pipe, a waterproof cover plate, a battery pack, a protective net, a controller and an inverter; the ventilation shaft is provided with a support assembly and a wind power module; the wind power module is arranged above the ventilation shaft; the wind power module converts wind power in the ventilation shaft into electric power and supplies it to the battery pack; the photovoltaic module converts solar energy into electric power and supplies it to the battery pack; the output end of the battery pack is connected with the inverter; the photovoltaic module comprises a photovoltaic panel, a hydraulic cylinder and an inclination sensor; the inclination sensor is arranged above the photovoltaic panel to sense the inclination of the photovoltaic panel and transmit information to the controller; and the controller controls the action of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] The wind power module comprises a pipeline and an impeller; the support plate is fixed in the inner wall of the air duct, the damping support is arranged above the support plate, two pipelines are arranged above the damping support, each pipeline comprises a contraction section, a straight pipe section and an expansion section from top to bottom, and the straight pipe section of each pipeline is provided with the impeller; the space between the pipeline and the inner wall of the air duct is provided with the battery pack, a waterproof cover plate is arranged above the battery pack, and the upper end of the air shaft is provided with a square steel pipe and a protective net; and the photovoltaic module is supported on the square steel pipe.

[0013] The number of the hydraulic cylinders is three, the three hydraulic cylinders are arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic panel and supported below the photovoltaic panel; the hydraulic cylinder comprises a piston rod, a piston block, a connecting rod, a supporting plate, a shell, an upper cavity, a middle cavity, a lower cavity, an upper cavity opening, a lower cavity opening, a control valve, a separation ring, a supporting ring, an outer piston, an inner cavity, a sliding block, a spring, a discharge passage, a retaining cylinder and a flow passage.

[0014] The shell is provided with the separation ring and the supporting ring, the upper cavity is formed above the separation ring, the middle cavity is formed between the separation ring and the supporting ring, and the lower cavity is formed below the supporting ring; the outer piston comprises a cylinder portion, the outer wall of the cylinder portion extends outward to form a flange portion, the flange portion is supported on the supporting ring in a normal state, the outer wall of the cylinder portion abuts against the inner wall of the separation ring, the inner cavity is arranged in the cylinder portion, the piston rod, the piston block, the connecting rod and the supporting plate are sequentially connected to form an integrated rod from top to bottom, and the connecting rod passes through the outer piston to below the outer piston; the cylinder portion is provided with a sliding cavity, the spring is arranged in the sliding cavity, the sliding block is connected to the inner end of the spring, the piston block is supported on the sliding block in a normal state, the flow passage is arranged in the piston block, the upper cavity opening is arranged on the shell corresponding to the upper cavity, the lower cavity opening is arranged on the shell corresponding to the lower cavity, and the discharge opening is arranged on the shell corresponding to the middle cavity, the diameter of the discharge opening is smaller than that of the upper cavity opening, the discharge opening is connected to a discharge pipe, the control valve is arranged on the discharge pipe, the discharge passage is arranged in the outer piston, and the discharge passage is connected to the inner cavity and the discharge opening in a normal state; and the retaining cylinder is arranged above the shell to retain the piston rod.

[0015] When the upper cavity opening is supplied with oil, the oil enters the inner cavity from the flow passage to push the sliding block outward, so that the sliding block no longer supports the piston block, and the piston block falls into the inner cavity to realize the descent of the piston rod, and when the supporting plate abuts against the lower wall of the shell, the outer wall of the piston block still abuts against the sliding block.

[0016] Preferably, the control valve is opened when the piston block enters the inner cavity, or the control valve is opened after a period of time when the upper cavity is supplied with oil.

[0017] Preferably, the sliding cavity comprises a step, the sliding block comprises a step to prevent the sliding block from coming out of the sliding cavity, and the number of the springs is four, and the number of the sliding blocks is four.

[0018] Preferably, the discharge passage remains connected to the inner cavity and the oil discharge port when the upper cavity is supplied with oil.

[0019] Preferably, the outer piston is lifted and the supporting plate is also lifted when the lower cavity is supplied with oil.

[0020] Preferably, the slider still supports the piston block when the outer piston is lifted.

[0021] Preferably, the supporting plate is provided with a protrusion below, which can make the piston block lifted and reset above the slider when the lower cavity is supplied with oil.

[0022] Preferably, the lower cavity can be supplied with oil in normal state to make the piston block lifted and reset above the slider.

[0023] Preferably, the oil in the lower cavity does not contact the bottom surface of the outer piston in normal state.

[0024] Preferably, the diameter of the oil discharge port is smaller than that of the lower cavity port.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0026] I. The first point raised in the background art adopts a wind power generation component module, which comprises a wind power multiplication pipeline, a wind power generator, a battery and a fan controller. The principle of the wind power multiplication pipeline is to utilize the Venturi effect to maximize the speed at the narrowest part of the pipeline, set the wind collecting channel in the form of a Venturi tube, and set a wind power generation device at the narrowest part of the channel to achieve the purpose of improving the wind energy utilization rate. At the same time, a photovoltaic panel is used to achieve complementary micro-wind and photovoltaic power generation. The micro-wind and photovoltaic complementary power generation device converts light energy and wind energy into electrical energy and stores it in a battery pack. When the wind power generation is sufficient, the electrical energy generated by photovoltaic power generation can be used for interior lighting and other electricity consumption, or can be transmitted back to the building power grid system, maximizing the use of light energy and saving energy.

[0027] II. The second point raised in the background art is that the three hydraulic cylinders can be supported by a fixed structure in normal state, and when they are extended and retracted, they not only have a lifted state, but also have a shorter state than the normal state. Thus, under the premise of being supported by a fixed structure in normal state, one more retracted state is added compared with the prior art, so that the three hydraulic cylinders are extended and retracted to adjust the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0028] Thirdly, a new inner chamber is built inside the piston chamber to accommodate the inner piston part, and a separate throttling discharge passage is designed for the inner chamber in addition to the conventional inlet and outlet of the hydraulic cylinder, the inner chamber is connected to the smaller diameter discharge passage, and the discharge passage is connected to the control valve; thus, when the control piston is moving downward, the piston can be stopped by closing the control valve to keep the liquid level in the inner chamber, thereby determining the position. Due to the smaller size of the discharge passage, even if there is a delay in opening and closing, the pressure fluctuation is small, thereby making the piston positioning more accurate.

[0029] Fourthly, a self-control limiting structure is designed, which can switch between limited and unlimited states by using hydraulic force. A spring sliding block structure is provided in the outer piston, which supports the piston block and limits the position in the normal state, and there is no liquid in the inner chamber. When the liquid in the upper chamber is connected, the liquid flows into the inner chamber through the flow path in the piston block. At this time, the control valve is closed, and when the liquid level in the inner chamber rises, the sliding block moves radially outward, thereby no longer supporting the piston block, and the piston block falls into the inner chamber. The flow path opening also enters the inner chamber and is blocked. At this time, the control valve is opened to slowly discharge the liquid in the inner chamber, thereby controlling the liquid level in the inner chamber to control the position of the piston. When the supporting plate abuts against the lower wall of the shell, the piston block still abuts against the sliding block to facilitate the return of the piston block.

[0030] Fifthly, a main and auxiliary chamber structure is adopted, the upper chamber and the middle chamber in the cylinder body are separated by a separation ring, and the liquid in the upper chamber cannot flow into the middle chamber, so that less liquid can fill the upper chamber. After that, the liquid in the upper chamber drives the piston block to move by means of the smaller size of the inner chamber, without the need for a large size of the upper chamber to be filled with liquid all the time, thereby realizing the movement of the hydraulic cylinder with less liquid, fast response, and without the need for more hydraulic oil.

[0031] Sixthly, an inner and outer piston structure is adopted, the outer piston serves as a support base in the normal state and can realize lifting movement, and the inner piston assembly is used for lifting or lowering, and the two can realize various functions such as supporting, lifting, shrinking, and limiting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0033] Figure 1 Main view of the energy device of the application

[0034] Figure 2 Internal structure diagram of the hydraulic cylinder in the normal state

[0035] Figure 3 Internal structure diagram of the hydraulic cylinder in the lifting state

[0036] Figure 4 The internal structure diagram of the hydraulic cylinder in the contraction state

[0037] Figure 5 The three-dimensional diagram of the wind and photovoltaic complementary power generation device

[0038] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of building ventilation

[0039] Figure 7 The workflow block diagram

[0040] In the figure, the reference signs are as follows:

[0041] 1, photovoltaic panel, 2, hydraulic cylinder, 3, protective net, 4, power generation device, 5, structure support, 6, battery pack, 7, air duct inner wall, 8, damping support, 9, piston rod, 10, piston block, 11, connecting rod, 12, supporting plate, 13, outer shell, 14, upper cavity, 15, middle cavity, 16, lower cavity, 17, upper cavity opening, 18, lower cavity opening, 19, control valve, 20, partition ring, 21, supporting ring, 22, outer piston, 23, inner cavity, 24, sliding block, 25, spring, 26, discharge passage, 27, retaining cylinder, 28, through-flow path, 29, sensor, 30, square steel pipe, 31, pipeline, 32, impeller, 33, supporting plate, 34, waterproof cover plate, 35, damping support, 36, building, 37, ventilation shaft, 38, room. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] As shown in the figure: a solar ventilation system for building, the building is provided with ventilation shaft, room, power generation system; the room is provided with air exchange device, the air exchange device is communicated with the room and the ventilation shaft; the power generation system includes wind power module, photovoltaic module, square steel pipe, waterproof cover plate, battery pack, protective net, controller, inverter; the ventilation shaft is provided with support assembly, wind power module; the ventilation shaft is provided with photovoltaic module above; the wind power module converts the wind power in the ventilation shaft into electric power and supplies to the battery pack, the photovoltaic module converts solar energy into electric power and supplies to the battery pack, the output end of the battery pack is connected with the inverter; the photovoltaic module includes photovoltaic panel, hydraulic cylinder, inclination sensor, the inclination sensor is arranged above the photovoltaic panel to sense the inclination of the photovoltaic panel and transmit information to the controller, the controller controls the action of the hydraulic cylinder;

[0043] The wind power module comprises a pipeline and an impeller; the support plate is fixed in the inner wall of the air duct, the damping support is arranged above the support plate, two pipelines are arranged above the damping support, each pipeline comprises a contraction section, a straight pipe section and an expansion section from bottom to top, and the straight pipe section of each pipeline is provided with the impeller; the space between the pipeline and the inner wall of the air duct is provided with the battery pack, a waterproof cover plate is arranged above the battery pack, and the upper end of the air shaft is provided with a square steel pipe and a protective net; and the photovoltaic module is supported on the square steel pipe.

[0044] The number of the hydraulic cylinders is three, the three hydraulic cylinders are arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic panel and supported below the photovoltaic panel; the hydraulic cylinder comprises a piston rod, a piston block, a connecting rod, a supporting plate, a shell, an upper cavity, a middle cavity, a lower cavity, an upper cavity opening, a lower cavity opening, a control valve, a separation ring, a supporting ring, an outer piston, an inner cavity, a sliding block, a spring, a discharge passage and a retaining cylinder.

[0045] The shell is provided with the separation ring and the supporting ring, the upper cavity is formed above the separation ring, the middle cavity is formed between the separation ring and the supporting ring, and the lower cavity is formed below the supporting ring; the outer piston comprises a cylinder portion, the outer wall of the cylinder portion extends outward to form a flange portion, the flange portion is supported on the supporting ring in normal state, the outer wall of the cylinder portion abuts against the inner wall of the separation ring, the inner cavity is arranged in the cylinder portion, the piston rod, the piston block, the connecting rod and the supporting plate are sequentially connected to form an integral rod from top to bottom, and the connecting rod passes through the outer piston to below the outer piston; the sliding cavity is arranged in the cylinder portion, the spring is located in the sliding cavity, the sliding block is connected to the inner end of the spring, the piston block is supported on the sliding block in normal state, the through-flow passage is arranged in the piston block, the upper cavity opening is arranged on the shell corresponding to the upper cavity, the lower cavity opening is arranged on the shell corresponding to the lower cavity, and the discharge port is arranged on the shell corresponding to the middle cavity, the diameter of the discharge port is smaller than that of the upper cavity opening, the discharge port is connected with a discharge pipe, the control valve is arranged on the discharge pipe, the discharge passage is arranged in the outer piston, and the discharge passage is connected with the inner cavity and the discharge port in normal state; and the retaining cylinder is arranged above the shell to retain the piston rod.

[0046] When the oil is discharged through the upper cavity opening, the oil enters the inner cavity through the through-flow passage to push the sliding block outward, so that the sliding block no longer supports the piston block, the piston block falls into the inner cavity to realize the descent of the piston rod, and when the supporting plate abuts against the lower wall of the shell, the outer wall of the piston block still abuts against the sliding block.

[0047] As shown: when the piston block enters the inner cavity, the control valve opens; or after the upper cavity is supplied with oil for a period of time, the control valve opens. The sliding cavity includes a step, and the slider includes a step to prevent the slider from falling out of the sliding cavity. The number of springs is four, and the number of sliders is four. When the upper cavity is supplied with oil, the discharge passage is still connected to the inner cavity and the oil discharge port. When the lower cavity is supplied with oil, the outer piston is lifted, and the supporting plate is also lifted. When the outer piston is lifted, the slider still supports the piston block. The supporting plate is provided with a protrusion below, which can make the piston block lift and reset above the slider when the lower cavity is supplied with oil. Under normal circumstances, the lower cavity can be supplied with oil to make the piston block lift and reset above the slider. Under normal circumstances, the oil in the lower cavity does not contact the bottom surface of the outer piston. The diameter of the oil discharge port is smaller than that of the lower cavity port.

[0048] As for the details of the oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic cylinder, it is a relatively common technology, for example, each oil chamber includes an oil inlet and an oil outlet, or each oil chamber has a two-way oil port. Therefore, this patent will not occupy space and illustrate the details.

[0049] The above detailed description is for the specific description of the feasible embodiments of the present application, which is not used to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent implementation or change without departing from the present application shall be included in the patent scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A solar powered ventilation system for buildings, characterized by: The building is internally provided with a ventilation shaft, a room, and a power generation system; the room is provided with a ventilation device, and the ventilation device is connected with the room and the ventilation shaft; the power generation system comprises a wind power module, a photovoltaic module, a square steel pipe, a waterproof cover plate, a battery pack, a protective net, a controller, and an inverter; the ventilation shaft is provided with a support assembly and the wind power module; the ventilation shaft is provided with the photovoltaic module above; the wind power module converts wind power in the ventilation shaft into electric power and supplies the electric power to the battery pack; the photovoltaic module converts solar energy into electric power and supplies the electric power to the battery pack; and the output end of the battery pack is connected with the inverter; the photovoltaic module comprises a photovoltaic panel, a hydraulic cylinder, and an inclination sensor; the inclination sensor is arranged above the photovoltaic panel to sense the inclination of the photovoltaic panel and transmit information to the controller; and the controller controls the action of the hydraulic cylinder; The wind power module comprises a pipeline and an impeller; a support plate is fixed in the inner wall of the air duct; a damping support is arranged above the support plate; two pipelines are arranged above the damping support; each pipeline comprises a contraction section, a straight pipe section, and an expansion section from bottom to top in sequence; the straight pipe section of each pipeline is provided with the impeller; the space between the pipeline and the inner wall of the air duct is provided with the battery pack; the battery pack is provided with the waterproof cover plate above; the upper end of the ventilation shaft is provided with the square steel pipe and the protective net; and the photovoltaic module is supported on the square steel pipe; The number of the hydraulic cylinders is three; the three hydraulic cylinders are arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic panel and supported below the photovoltaic panel; the hydraulic cylinder comprises a piston rod, a piston block, a connecting rod, a supporting plate, an outer shell, an upper cavity, a middle cavity, a lower cavity, an upper cavity opening, a lower cavity opening, a control valve, a separation ring, a supporting ring, an outer piston, an inner cavity, a sliding block, a spring, a discharge passage, a retaining cylinder, and a flow passage; The outer shell is provided with the separation ring and the supporting ring; the upper cavity is formed above the separation ring; the middle cavity is formed between the separation ring and the supporting ring; the lower cavity is formed below the supporting ring; the outer piston comprises a cylinder part; the outer wall of the cylinder part extends outward to form a flange part; the flange part is supported on the supporting ring in normal state; the outer wall of the cylinder part abuts against the inner wall of the separation ring; the inner cavity is arranged in the cylinder part; the piston rod, the piston block, the connecting rod, and the supporting plate are sequentially connected to form an integral rod from top to bottom; the connecting rod passes through the outer piston to below the outer piston; the sliding cavity is arranged in the cylinder part; the spring is arranged in the sliding cavity; the sliding block is connected to the inner end of the spring; the piston block is supported on the sliding block in normal state; the flow passage is arranged in the piston block; the upper cavity opening is arranged on the outer shell corresponding to the upper cavity; the lower cavity opening is arranged on the outer shell corresponding to the lower cavity; the discharge port is arranged on the outer shell corresponding to the middle cavity; the diameter of the discharge port is smaller than that of the upper cavity opening; the discharge port is connected with a discharge pipe; the control valve is arranged on the discharge pipe; the discharge passage is arranged in the outer piston; the discharge passage is connected with the inner cavity and the discharge port in normal state; and the retaining cylinder is arranged above the outer shell to retain the piston rod. When oil flows into the upper cavity, the oil flows into the inner cavity through the flow path to push the slider outward, so that the slider no longer supports the piston block, the piston block falls into the inner cavity to realize the descent of the piston rod, and the outer wall of the piston block still abuts against the slider when the supporting plate abuts against the lower wall of the shell.

2. A solar powered ventilation system for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control valve is opened when the piston block enters the inner cavity, or the control valve is opened after oil flows into the upper cavity for a period of time.

3. A solar powered ventilation system for buildings according to claim 1, wherein: The sliding cavity comprises a step, and the slider comprises a step to prevent the slider from falling out of the sliding cavity, the number of the springs is four, and the number of the sliders is four.

4. A solar powered ventilation system for buildings according to claim 1, wherein: When oil flows into the upper cavity, the discharge path still connects the inner cavity and the oil discharge port.

5. A solar powered ventilation system for buildings according to claim 1, wherein: When oil flows into the lower cavity, the outer piston is lifted, and the supporting plate is also lifted.

6. A solar powered ventilation system for a building according to claim 5 wherein: When the outer piston is lifted, the slider still supports the piston block.

7. A solar powered ventilation system for buildings according to claim 1, wherein: In a normal state, oil can flow into the lower cavity to lift the piston block to be reset above the slider.

8. A solar powered ventilation system for a building according to claim 7 wherein: In a normal state, the oil in the lower cavity does not contact the bottom surface of the outer piston.

9. A solar powered ventilation system for buildings according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the oil discharge port is smaller than the diameter of the lower cavity port.

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