A method for setting up dedicated directional lanes for freight collection and distribution channels based on OD data

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for setting dedicated lanes for through transport of freight channels based on OD data, including: determining whether the sections of the through transport freight channels meet the requirements for setting dedicated lanes; generating an OD database based on traffic volume OD survey data, toll data, and checkpoint data; establishing an optimization model for the delay of dedicated lanes for through transport of freight channels, inputting OD flow data, and obtaining the results of whether to set dedicated lanes for different OD pairs; determining whether to set them as time-limited dedicated lanes based on the time non-uniformity coefficient, and determining whether to set them as tidal dedicated lanes based on the critical direction distribution coefficient; and giving a setting scheme for dedicated lanes. The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the existing low service level of through transport freight channels, imperfect lane function control schemes, and limited application scenarios of dedicated lanes to urban general road networks, and gives a layout scheme for dedicated lanes from an overall perspective, which is more systematic and comprehensive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of highway lane function control, and particularly but not limited to a method for setting a directional dedicated lane for a collection and distribution freight channel based on OD data. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, China's foreign trade has increased rapidly, and the international container throughput of coastal ports has grown at a high speed. However, compared with the development of the navigation operation system and the loading and unloading operation system, the construction of the collection and distribution system lags significantly. The infrastructure capacity of road transportation, which is the mainstream of the collection and distribution mode, is difficult to meet the needs of the rapid growth of the collection and distribution volume. Problems in the coordinated development of large container port areas and the rear collection and distribution road network continue to emerge, and the problem of mutual interference between collection and distribution traffic volume and urban traffic occurs generally. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the traffic capacity of the collection and distribution freight channel through lane function control, especially the setting of directional dedicated lanes, which has received much attention recently.

[0003] At present, research on lane function control, especially the setting of directional dedicated lanes, is mostly based on urban road networks and lacks research on new application scenarios of collection and distribution freight highways. Secondly, most research often establishes a simulation model based on traditional traffic simulation software such as VISSIM and lacks theoretical model support.

[0004] In view of this, a new method is needed to solve at least part of the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of one or more problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a method for setting a directional dedicated lane for a collection and distribution freight channel based on OD data. Based on the delay optimization model of the directional dedicated lane for the collection and distribution freight channel, it is judged whether to set a directional dedicated lane through OD data, and the length, number of lanes, lane position, type, starting and ending points, and setting standards of the warning signs of the directional dedicated lane are given.

[0006] The technical solution to achieve the object of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for setting a directional dedicated lane for a collection and distribution freight channel based on OD data, comprising:

[0008] S1. Based on the basic conditions for setting a directional dedicated lane, judge whether the section of the collection and distribution freight channel to be selected meets the basic requirements for setting a directional dedicated lane. If it meets, go to S2; otherwise, end.

[0009] S2. Select the freight collection and distribution channel network with bottleneck sections, and generate an OD database for the freight collection and distribution channel network based on its traffic volume OD survey data, toll data, and checkpoint data. The freight collection and distribution channel network with bottleneck sections includes multiple freight collection and distribution channel sections;

[0010] S3. Establish an optimization model for the delay of dedicated directional lanes on the freight collection and distribution channels. For the freight collection and distribution channel sections, select the OD flow data involved in the sections. The OD flow data includes several OD pairs. Import the OD flow data into the established optimization model for the delay of dedicated directional lanes on the freight collection and distribution channels to obtain the results of whether to set dedicated directional lanes for different OD pairs. If the result is to set dedicated directional lanes, give the setting length, number of lanes, and setting location of the dedicated directional lanes;

[0011] S4. For the freight collection and distribution channel sections that need to set dedicated directional lanes, judge whether to set them as time-limited dedicated directional lanes based on the time non-uniformity coefficient, and judge whether to set them as tidal dedicated directional lanes based on the critical direction distribution coefficient;

[0012] S5. Combine the setting standards of the warning signs for the dedicated directional lanes, and set the starting point of the dedicated directional lanes upstream of the confluence nose of the freight collection and distribution channels and the ending point downstream of the confluence nose of the freight collection and distribution channels to give the final setting scheme for the dedicated directional lanes on the freight collection and distribution channels.

[0013] Further, for the method for setting dedicated directional lanes on the freight collection and distribution channels based on OD data of the present invention, the basic conditions for setting dedicated directional lanes in S1 include:

[0014] 1) The number of one-way lanes ≥ 3, and the width of each lane ≥ 3.25 meters;

[0015] 2) The traffic flow at the exit of the dedicated directional lane operates stably, that is, the traffic saturation < 0.75, and the traffic saturation is the ratio of the actual traffic volume of the section to the designed traffic capacity of the section;

[0016] 3) The actual traffic capacity of the section where the dedicated directional lane is set is close to or greater than its designed traffic capacity.

[0017] Further, for the method for setting dedicated directional lanes on the freight collection and distribution channels based on OD data of the present invention, the specific steps for generating the OD database of the freight collection and distribution channel network in S2 include:

[0018] S2-1. Select the freight collection and distribution channel network with bottleneck sections, obtain OD survey data through on-site OD sampling surveys, conduct OD classification and feature mining on the OD survey data, toll data, and checkpoint data to obtain an OD matrix, and form an initial OD database. The initial database includes OD flow data, vehicle type data, driving direction data, and travel time data.

[0019] S2-2. Expand and correct the OD flow data in the initial database:

[0020] Q ijk =V ijk ·α k ·S k ·W k ·M k

[0021] In the formula, Q ijk represents the travel volume of the kth vehicle type from area i to area j; V ijk represents the OD survey sample volume of the kth vehicle type from area i to area j; α k represents the day-night ratio of the kth vehicle type; S k represents the reciprocal of the sampling rate; W k represents the weekly unevenness coefficient; M k represents the monthly unevenness coefficient;

[0022] Among them, the weekly unevenness coefficient W k is:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, represents the weekly average daily traffic volume at the survey point, and N represents the traffic volume on the observed day at the survey point;

[0025] The monthly unevenness coefficient M k is:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, represents the monthly average daily traffic volume at the survey point, represents the traffic volume in the observed month at the survey point;

[0028] S2-3. Convert the vehicles in the initial database into standard vehicles according to the preset vehicle conversion ratio to obtain the OD database of the freight collection and distribution channel network.

[0029] Further, for the method for setting directional dedicated lanes on the collection and distribution freight channel based on OD data of the present invention, in S2-1, the OD classification criteria include: considering different OD pairs with the same driving path between intervals as one category. The OD classification includes four categories, A, B, C, and D, namely ramp-in - ramp-out, ramp-in - straight-out, straight-in - ramp-out, and straight-in - straight-out.

[0030] Further, for the method for setting directional dedicated lanes on the collection and distribution freight channel based on OD data of the present invention, the establishment of the delay optimization model for the directional dedicated lanes on the collection and distribution freight channel in S3 includes:

[0031] S3-1. Calculate the traffic flow density in the weaving section of the collection and distribution freight channel:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, K represents the average traffic flow density of all vehicles in the weaving section, with the unit of pcu / km / lane; V represents the average sectional speed of all vehicles in the weaving section, with the unit of km / h; Q represents the total flow rate in the weaving section, with the unit of pcu / h; N represents the number of lanes in the weaving section; the weaving section is the section between different entrances and exits on the collection and distribution freight channel;

[0034] According to the traffic flow density in the weaving section and in combination with the preset service level standard for the weaving section, determine the service level of the weaving section. If the service level is level four, then proceed to S3-2 and continue to determine whether to set directional dedicated lanes; if the service level is level three, then optionally determine whether to set directional dedicated lanes in S3-2; if the service level is level one or two, then do not set directional dedicated lanes on this section.

[0035] S3-2. Calculate the total delay increment ΔD after setting the directional dedicated lanes:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, n0 represents the number of directional dedicated lanes set, n0 ∈ {1, 2}; T1 represents the moment when a slow vehicle appears on the directional dedicated lane; T2 represents the moment when the slow vehicle exits the directional dedicated lane; Q1(t) represents the traffic volume on the directional dedicated lane from T1 to T2, Q1(t) = Q OD , where Q OD is one of the OD flows of categories A, B, C, and D passing through the target section, with the unit of vehicles / h; S represents the length of the directional dedicated lane of the collection and distribution freight channel, with the unit of m; v represents the normal vehicle speed of the collection and distribution freight channel when there is no moving bottleneck, with the unit of km / h; D LC represents the total lane-changing delay of the collection and distribution freight channel;

[0038] S3-3. Obtain the delay optimization model for the directional dedicated lane of the expressway:

[0039] minΔD

[0040] s.t.0≤S≤S0

[0041] Q OD ∈M

[0042] v min ≤v1,v2,v3,v4≤v max

[0043] n0∈{1,2}

[0044] In the formula, S0 represents the recommended maximum length of the directional dedicated lane, with the unit of km; M represents the set of four types of OD flow data of A, B, C, and D obtained after OD classification within the time period from T1 to T2; v min ,v max represent the minimum speed limit value and the maximum speed limit value of the access freight channel, with the unit of km / h;

[0045] S3-4. Use the grid search method to solve the delay optimization model of the directional dedicated lane of the expressway, and obtain the minimum value of the objective function ΔD and the corresponding directional dedicated lane length S, the OD flow Q of the section OD , and the number n0 of the directional dedicated lanes set. One of the four types of OD corresponding to this Q OD in the OD database is the target direction of the directional dedicated lane setting. If the total delay increment ΔD < 0, it means considering setting the directional dedicated lane; otherwise, it is considered that this section does not meet the conditions for setting the directional dedicated lane.

[0046] Furthermore, for the method for setting the directional dedicated lane of the access freight channel based on OD data in the present invention, the total lane-changing delay D LC of the access freight channel described in S3-2 is calculated by the following specific formula:

[0047]

[0048] In the formula, S L represents the critical gap, with the unit of m, and is calculated by F a (S L ) = 1 - F r (S L ), where F a (S L ) is the cumulative frequency of the acceptance gap at the distance S L , and F r (S L ) is the cumulative frequency of the acceptance gap at the distance S LCumulative frequency of the lower rejection gap; Q represents the sum of the traffic volumes of all ODs in a certain direction of the freight collection and distribution channel during the time period from T1 to T2, with the unit of vehicles / h; η represents the ratio of the number of vehicles that need to perform lane-changing behavior in the freight collection and distribution channel during the time period from T1 to T2, η=(Q - Q OD ) / Q + η1, where η1 is the lane-changing rate of vehicles passing through the target section but with origins and destinations not on the target section; Q2(t) represents the traffic volume of the target lane during the time period from T1 to T2, Q2(t)=Q OD ·σ / n, n is the number of lanes of the section, and σ is the weight coefficient of the target lane for the traffic volume bearing condition in the whole direction; l1 represents the distance traveled by the lane-changing vehicle during the deceleration time waiting for lane-changing, with the unit of m; l2 represents the lateral displacement of the vehicle during the lane-changing process, with the unit of m; l3 represents the longitudinal displacement of the vehicle during the lane-changing process, with the unit of m; v1 represents the average driving speed of the vehicles in the target lane, with the unit of km / h; v2 represents the initial speed of the vehicle when the driver decelerates and waits for the start of lane-changing, with the unit of km / h; v3 represents the speed of the lane-changing vehicle at the start of lane-changing, with the unit of km / h; v4 represents the speed of the lane-changing vehicle at the end of lane-changing, with the unit of km / h; f1, f2, f3 represent the arrival rate of vehicles in the target lane before lane-changing, the dissipation rate of vehicles in the target lane before lane-changing, and the dissipation rate of vehicles affected by the lane-changing vehicle; T represents the average duration of vehicle lane-changing, with the unit of s.

[0049] Furthermore, for the method for setting directional dedicated lanes on the freight collection and distribution channel based on OD data of the present invention, the time unevenness coefficient K i is:

[0050]

[0051] where Q i is the hourly traffic volume of the section, is the average hourly traffic volume of the section throughout the day. Judge whether to set time-limited directional dedicated lanes according to the value of K i value.

[0052] Furthermore, for the method for setting directional dedicated lanes on the freight collection and distribution channel based on OD data of the present invention, the critical direction distribution coefficient KD in S4 is:

[0053]

[0054] where m is the number of heavy traffic flow lanes and n is the number of light traffic flow lanes. Judge whether to set tidal directional dedicated lanes according to the value of KD.

[0055] Furthermore, for the method for setting dedicated directional lanes on the collection and distribution freight channels based on OD data of the present invention, the pre-warning sign setting scheme for the dedicated directional lanes in S5 is as follows: Pre-warning signs for dedicated directional lanes are set at 2 kilometers, 1 kilometer, and 500 meters away from the dedicated directional lanes.

[0056] When the present invention adopts the above technical solutions compared with the prior art, it has the following technical effects:

[0057] 1. The present invention takes the collection and distribution freight channels as the research object. Through the analysis of the characteristics of the collection and distribution freight expressways, based on OD data, it determines whether to set dedicated directional lanes and gives the specific layout scheme of the dedicated directional lanes;

[0058] 2. The present invention establishes a delay optimization model for dedicated directional lanes on the collection and distribution freight channels based on traffic delay analysis, and gives the setting conditions of the dedicated directional lanes from a theoretical perspective, effectively overcoming the problem of lack of theoretical support in the current modeling based on simulation software, making the present invention more scientific;

[0059] 3. The present invention focuses on the collection and distribution freight channels, broadening the application scenarios of the current dedicated directional lanes;

[0060] 4. The present invention comprehensively considers multiple parameters such as the number of lanes, lane length, and starting and ending points of the dedicated directional lanes, and gives the layout scheme of the dedicated directional lanes from an overall perspective, which is more systematic and comprehensive;

[0061] 5. The delay optimization model for dedicated directional lanes established by the present invention is not only applicable to the collection and distribution freight channels, but can freely change the model parameters according to the characteristics of the scenario, making the present invention have strong flexibility and operability. Description of the Drawings

[0062] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and are used together with the description to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0063] Figure 1 The flowchart of the method for setting dedicated directional lanes on the collection and distribution freight channels based on OD data of the present invention is shown.

[0064] Figure 2 The OD schematic diagram of the Tianjin Port collection and distribution freight channel in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0065] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the setting result of the dedicated directional lanes in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Embodiments

[0066] To further understand the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with embodiments. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further explaining the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting the claims of the present invention.

[0067] The description of this part is only for typical embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the embodiments. Combinations of different embodiments, mutual substitution of some technical features in different embodiments, and mutual substitution of the same or similar prior art means and some technical features in the embodiments are also within the scope of description and protection of the present invention.

[0068] Aiming at the defects of the current relatively low service level of the collection and distribution freight channel, imperfect lane function control plan, and limited application scenarios of the directional dedicated lane in the urban general road network, the present invention proposes a method for setting a directional dedicated lane for the collection and distribution freight channel based on OD data, as Figure 1 shown, including: S1. Based on the basic conditions for setting the directional dedicated lane, judge whether the selected section of the collection and distribution freight channel meets the basic requirements for setting the directional dedicated lane. If it meets, go to S2; otherwise, end. Among them, the basic conditions for setting the directional dedicated lane include:

[0069] 1) The number of one-way lanes ≥ 3, and the width of each lane ≥ 3.25 meters;

[0070] 2) The exit traffic flow of the directional dedicated lane operates stably, that is, the traffic saturation < 0.75. The traffic saturation is the ratio of the actual traffic volume of the section to the designed traffic capacity of the section. Generally, the traffic saturation is for the section, and it can be considered as the traffic saturation of all the same-direction lanes in the section;

[0071] 3) The actual traffic capacity of the section where the directional dedicated lane is set is close to or greater than its designed traffic capacity.

[0072] S2. Select the collection and distribution freight channel network with bottleneck sections, and generate an OD database of the collection and distribution freight channel network based on its traffic volume OD survey data, toll data, and checkpoint data. The collection and distribution freight channel network with bottleneck sections includes multiple sections of the collection and distribution freight channel.

[0073] S2-1. Select the freight access network with bottleneck sections, obtain OD survey data through on-site OD sampling surveys, conduct OD classification and feature mining on the OD survey data, toll data, and checkpoint data to obtain an OD matrix, and form an initial OD database. The initial database includes OD flow data, vehicle type data, driving direction data, and travel time data. Among them, the criteria for OD classification are as follows: Different OD pairs with the same driving path between intervals are regarded as one category. The OD classification includes four categories: A, B, C, and D, namely ramp-in - ramp-out, ramp-in - straight-out, straight-in - ramp-out, and straight-in - straight-out.

[0074] S2-2. Expand and correct the OD flow data in the initial database:

[0075] Q ijk =V ijk ·α k ·S k ·W k ·M k

[0076] In the formula, Q ijk represents the travel volume of the kth vehicle type from area i to area j; V ijk represents the OD survey sample volume of the kth vehicle type from area i to area j; α k represents the day-night ratio of the kth vehicle type; S k represents the reciprocal of the sampling rate; W k represents the weekly uneven coefficient; M k represents the monthly uneven coefficient.

[0077] Among them, the weekly uneven coefficient W k is:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, represents the weekly average daily traffic volume at the survey point, and N represents the traffic volume on the observation day at the survey point.

[0080] The monthly uneven coefficient M k is:

[0081]

[0082] In the formula, represents the monthly average daily traffic volume at the survey point, represents the traffic volume in the observation month at the survey point.

[0083] S2-3. Convert the vehicles in the initial database into standard vehicles according to the preset vehicle conversion ratio to obtain the OD database of the freight access network.

[0084] S3. Establish an optimization model for the delay of the dedicated lane for the collection and distribution freight channel. For the section of the collection and distribution freight channel, select the OD flow data involved in the section. The OD flow data includes several OD pairs. Import the OD flow data into the established optimization model for the delay of the dedicated lane for the collection and distribution freight channel to obtain the results of whether to set up dedicated lanes for different OD pairs. If the result is to set up dedicated lanes, give the setting length, the number of lanes, and the setting location of the dedicated lanes. Among them, establishing the optimization model for the delay of the dedicated lane for the collection and distribution freight channel includes:

[0085] S3-1. Calculate the traffic flow density in the weaving section of the collection and distribution freight channel:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, K represents the average traffic flow density of all vehicles in the weaving section, with the unit of pcu / km / lane; V represents the average sectional speed of all vehicles in the weaving section, with the unit of km / h; Q represents the total flow rate in the weaving section, with the unit of pcu / h; N represents the number of lanes in the weaving section; the weaving section is the section between different entrances and exits on the collection and distribution freight channel. Arbitrarily select one entrance and one exit of the collection and distribution freight channel to determine a weaving section;

[0088] According to the traffic flow density in the weaving section and in combination with the preset service level standard for the weaving section, determine the service level of the weaving section. If the service level is level four, then proceed to S3-2 and continue to judge whether to set up dedicated lanes; if the service level is level three, then you can choose whether to judge the setting of dedicated lanes in S3-2; if the service level is level one or two, do not set up dedicated lanes on this section.

[0089] S3-2. Calculate the total delay increment ΔD after setting up the dedicated lane:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, n0 represents the number of dedicated lanes set up, n0 ∈ {1, 2}; T1 represents the moment when a slow vehicle appears on the dedicated lane; T2 represents the moment when the slow vehicle exits the dedicated lane; Q1(t) represents the traffic volume on the dedicated lane from T1 to T2, Q1(t) = Q OD , where Q OD is one of the four types of OD flows of A, B, C, and D passing through the target section, with the unit of vehicles / h; S represents the length of the dedicated lane for the collection and distribution freight channel, with the unit of m; v represents the normal vehicle speed of the collection and distribution freight channel without moving bottlenecks, with the unit of km / h; D LC represents the total lane-changing delay of the collection and distribution freight channel.

[0092] Among them, the total delay D of lane changing of the collection and distribution freight channel LC has the following specific calculation formula:

[0093]

[0094] In the formula, S L represents the critical gap, with the unit of m, and is calculated by F a (S L ) = 1 - F r (S L ), where F a (S L ) is the cumulative frequency of accepting gaps at distance S L , and F r (S L ) is the cumulative frequency of rejecting gaps at distance S L ; Q represents the sum of the traffic volumes of all OD in a certain direction of the collection and distribution freight channel from T1 to T2, with the unit of vehicles / h; η represents the ratio of vehicles that need to perform lane-changing behaviors on the collection and distribution freight channel from T1 to T2, v = (Q - Q OD ) / Q + η1, where η1 is the lane-changing rate of vehicles passing through the target section but with origins and destinations not in the target section; Q2(t) represents the traffic volume of the target lane from T1 to T2, Q2(t) = Q OD ·σ / n, n is the number of lanes of the section, and σ is the weight coefficient of the target lane for the traffic volume bearing condition of the whole direction; l1 represents the distance traveled by the lane-changing vehicle during the deceleration and waiting time for lane changing, with the unit of m; l2 represents the lateral displacement of the vehicle during the lane-changing process, with the unit of m; l3 represents the longitudinal displacement of the vehicle during the lane-changing process, with the unit of m; v1 represents the average driving speed of vehicles in the target lane, with the unit of km / h; v2 represents the initial speed of the vehicle at the moment when the driver decelerates and waits for the lane-changing to start, with the unit of km / h; v3 represents the speed of the lane-changing vehicle at the moment when the lane-changing starts, with the unit of km / h; v4 represents the speed of the lane-changing vehicle at the moment when the lane-changing ends, with the unit of km / h; f1, f2, f3 represent the vehicle arrival rate in the target lane before lane changing, the vehicle dissipation rate in the target lane before lane changing, and the vehicle dissipation rate affected by the lane-changing vehicle; T represents the average duration of vehicle lane changing, with the unit of s.

[0095] S3 - 3. Obtain the delay optimization model for the directional dedicated lane of the expressway:

[0096] min ΔD

[0097] s.t. 0 ≤ S ≤ S0

[0098] Q OD ∈ M

[0099] vmin ≤v1, v2, v3, v4≤v max

[0100] n0 ∈ {1, 2}

[0101] Wherein, S0 represents the maximum length of the proposed dedicated lane for direction, in km; M represents the set of four types of OD flow data of A, B, C, and D obtained after OD classification during the time period from T1 to T2; v min , v max represents the minimum speed limit value and the maximum speed limit value of the access freight channel, in km / h;

[0102] S3 - 4. Use the grid search method to solve the delay optimization model of the dedicated lane for direction on the expressway, and obtain the minimum value of the objective function ΔD and the corresponding dedicated lane length S, the OD flow Q of the section OD , and the number n0 of dedicated lanes set. One of the four types of OD corresponding to this Q OD in the OD database is the target direction for setting the dedicated lane for direction. If the total delay increment ΔD < 0, it means considering setting up a dedicated lane for direction; otherwise, it is considered that this section does not meet the conditions for setting up a dedicated lane for direction.

[0103] S4. For the access freight channel section that needs to set up a dedicated lane for direction, judge whether to set it as a time - limited dedicated lane for direction based on the time unevenness coefficient, and judge whether to set it as a tidal dedicated lane for direction based on the critical direction distribution coefficient.

[0104] Among them, the time unevenness coefficient K i is:

[0105]

[0106] Among them, Q i is the hourly traffic volume of the section, is the average hourly traffic volume of the section throughout the day. Judge whether to set up a time - limited dedicated lane for direction according to the value of K i .

[0107] The critical direction distribution coefficient KD is:

[0108]

[0109] Among them, m is the number of heavy - traffic lanes, and n is the number of light - traffic lanes. Judge whether to set up a tidal dedicated lane for direction according to the value of KD.

[0110] S5. Combine the setting standards of advance signs for the directional exclusive lane, set the starting point of the directional exclusive lane upstream of the confluence nose of the access and distribution freight channel, and set its ending point downstream of the confluence nose of the access and distribution freight channel, and give the final setting plan for the directional exclusive lane of the access and distribution freight channel. Among them, the setting plan for the advance signs of the directional exclusive lane is: set directional exclusive lane advance indication signs at 2 kilometers, 1 kilometer and 500 meters away from the directional exclusive lane.

[0111] The core of the present invention lies in, based on the delay optimization model of the directional exclusive lane of the access and distribution freight channel, judging whether to set the directional exclusive lane through OD data, and giving the length, number of lanes, lane position, type, starting and ending points and the setting standards of advance signs of the directional exclusive lane.

[0112] Embodiment 1

[0113] Taking the access and distribution freight channel project of Tianjin Port as an example, as Figure 2 shown, there are 6 ramp intersections in this access and distribution freight channel, corresponding to 6 peripheral roads intersecting with the access and distribution freight channel, which are, from east to west in turn: Haite Avenue, Xinbei Road, Gangcheng Avenue, Ring Expressway, Changchun-Shenzhen Expressway, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Expressway.

[0114] Step 1: Judge whether the access and distribution freight channel of Tianjin Port meets the basic requirements for setting the directional exclusive lane. The access and distribution freight channel of Tianjin Port is constructed according to the standards of expressways and arterial roads with two-way eight lanes to two-way twelve lanes, and the designed speed of the main line is 80 km / h, that is, the number of one-way lanes is greater than 3 lanes, and the lane width meets the standards of expressways and arterial roads, which is greater than or equal to 3.25 meters. Since this access and distribution freight channel project is under construction, we may assume that its exit traffic flow is stable and the actual traffic capacity of the main line section is greater than the designed traffic capacity.

[0115] Step 2: Select the access and distribution freight channel network with bottleneck sections, based on OD surveys, toll data, and checkpoint data, and conduct OD classification and feature mining to form the OD database of the access and distribution freight channel in this area. For the access and distribution freight channel network of Tianjin Port, by combining 6 OD points in pairs, an OD database including 30 pairs of OD can be obtained. Based on the existing road network in the vicinity with the same OD traffic flow data as the benchmark, randomly assign values to obtain the initial OD table as follows:

[0116] Table 1 Initial OD flow table (unit: pcu / d)

[0117] Railway-Seaport Avenue New North Road Port City Avenue … Railway-Seaport Avenue — 6447 10504 New North Road 4065 — 3239 Port City Avenue 9370 3110 — … —

[0118] Select the east-west direction freight distribution and collection road section corresponding to "Xinbei Road - Gangcheng Avenue" as the analysis object. The OD pairs involved in this direction section include: Xinbei Road - Gangcheng Avenue, Xinbei Road - Ring Expressway, Xinbei Road - Changchun-Shenzhen Expressway, Xinbei Road - Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu Expressway, Haitie Avenue - Gangcheng Avenue, Haitie Avenue - Ring Expressway, Haitie Avenue - Changchun-Shenzhen Expressway, Haitie Avenue - Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu Expressway, a total of 8 OD pairs. Classify the above OD into the following four categories: (1) Category A (ramp entry - ramp exit): Xinbei Road - Gangcheng Avenue; (2) Category B (ramp entry - straight exit): Xinbei Road - Ring Expressway, Xinbei Road - Changchun-Shenzhen Expressway, Xinbei Road - Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu Expressway; (3) Category C (straight entry - ramp exit): Haitie Avenue - Gangcheng Avenue; (4) Category D (straight entry - straight exit): Haitie Avenue - Ring Expressway, Haitie Avenue - Changchun-Shenzhen Expressway, Haitie Avenue - Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu Expressway.

[0119] Sum the above OD by category to obtain the OD flow table after classification:

[0120] Table 2 OD Flow Table after Classification (unit: pcu / d)

[0121] OD type Flow sum Type A 13239 Type B 23150 Type C 2504 Type D 19717 Total 58610

[0122] Step 3: For the "Xinbei Road - Gangcheng Avenue" section, calculate its traffic density.

[0123]

[0124] Regard the whole section as an weaving area. Take the interval average speed of all vehicles as the design speed of 80 km / h of the Tianjin Port freight distribution and collection channel, take the number of lanes as 8 lanes in both directions, and use the time uneven coefficient to correct the daily traffic volume data to obtain a traffic density of 30.52 pcu / km / lane. According to the weaving area service level standard in the Highway Capacity Manual, determine that the service level of the weaving area of this section is level four, and a directional dedicated lane needs to be set.

[0125] Table 3 Weaving Area Service Level Standard

[0126] Service level Traffic density, pcu / km / lane Level 1 ≤7.0 Level 2 7.0-18.0 Level 3 18.0-25.0 Level 4 ≥25.0

[0127] Calculate the total delay increment ΔD after setting the directional dedicated lane, where the number n0 of directional dedicated lanes set, the length S of the directional dedicated lane, and the traffic flow Q1(t) are variables to be optimized.

[0128]

[0129] Based on MATLAB, use the grid search method to solve the following optimization model:

[0130] min ΔD

[0131] such that \(0\leq S\leq S_0\)

[0132] Q OD \(\in M\)

[0133] v min \(v_1\leq v,v_2\leq v,v_3\leq v,v_4\leq v\) max

[0134] \(n_0\in\{1,2\}\)

[0135] Among them, on the urban expressway, the recommended value of \(S_0\) does not exceed 4 km. In the application scenario of the collection and distribution freight channel of the present invention, referring to the ratio of the average vehicle speeds of urban roads and the collection and distribution freight channel, the present invention stipulates that \(S_0 = 12\) km. The optimal total delay increment \(\Delta D\) is -2143 pcu·h. Since the total delay increment is less than 0, a directional dedicated lane can be set. The length \(S\) of the directional dedicated lane corresponding to the optimal solution is 7 km, and \(Q\) OD is 13239 pcu / d, and the number \(n_0\) of directional dedicated lanes set is 1. The corresponding layout plan of the directional dedicated lane is: set a 7-km-long "New North Road - Port City Avenue" OD directional dedicated lane on the section between the downstream of the ramp of New North Road and the ramp of Port City Avenue, as Figure 3 shown.

[0136] Step 4: Based on the time non-uniformity coefficient and the critical direction distribution coefficient, determine whether to set it as a time-limited directional dedicated lane and a tidal directional dedicated lane. Since the Tianjin Port collection and distribution freight channel project mainly serves freight transportation and there is no strong time regularity, the setting of a time-limited directional dedicated lane is not considered. In addition, since the freight volume coming and going to Tianjin Port is relatively uniform and considering the safety of trucks driving on the highway, a tidal directional dedicated lane is not set in this example.

[0137] Step 5: According to the setting standards of the starting point, ending point and warning signs of the directional dedicated lane, give the setting plan of the starting point, ending point and warning signs of the directional dedicated lane for the collection and distribution freight channel. For this example, set the starting point of the directional dedicated lane downstream of the confluence area of New North Road and the collection and distribution freight channel, and set the ending point of the directional dedicated lane at the ramp of Port City Avenue and the collection and distribution freight channel. And set directional dedicated lane warning signs at three places, namely 2 km, 1 km and 500 m before the confluence area of New North Road and the collection and distribution freight channel respectively.

[0138] The description and application of the present invention herein are illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to the above embodiments. The related descriptions of effects or advantages in the specification may not be reflected in actual experimental examples due to uncertainties in specific condition parameters or other factors, and the related descriptions of effects or advantages are not used to limit the scope of the invention. Modifications and changes to the disclosed embodiments are possible, and various components of substitution and equivalence of the embodiments are known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Those skilled in the art should clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented in other forms, structures, arrangements, proportions, and with other components, materials, and parts without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Other modifications and changes can be made to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for setting up dedicated lanes for collecting and distributing freight channels based on OD data, characterized in that Including: S1. Based on the basic conditions for setting up the directional dedicated lane, determine whether the selected access freight transportation road section meets the basic requirements for setting up the directional dedicated lane. If it meets, go to S2; otherwise, end. S2. Select the access freight transportation channel network with bottleneck sections, and generate the OD database of the access freight transportation channel network based on its traffic volume OD survey data, toll data, and checkpoint data. The access freight transportation channel network with bottleneck sections includes multiple access freight transportation road sections. S3. Establish an optimization model for the delay of the directional dedicated lane of the access freight transportation channel. For the access freight transportation road section, select the OD flow data involved in the section. The OD flow data includes several OD pairs. Import the OD flow data into the established optimization model for the delay of the directional dedicated lane of the access freight transportation channel to obtain the results of whether to set up the directional dedicated lane for different OD pairs. If the result is to set up the directional dedicated lane, give the setting length, number of lanes, and setting location of the directional dedicated lane. S4. For the access freight transportation road sections that need to set up the directional dedicated lane, determine whether to set it as a time-limited directional dedicated lane based on the time non-uniformity coefficient, and determine whether to set it as a tidal directional dedicated lane based on the critical direction distribution coefficient. S5. Combine the setting standards of the advance warning signs of the directional dedicated lane, set the starting point of the directional dedicated lane upstream of the confluence nose of the access freight transportation channel, and set its end point downstream of the confluence nose of the access freight transportation channel to give the final setting plan of the directional dedicated lane of the access freight transportation channel.

2. The method for setting up a dedicated lane for collecting and distributing freight channels based on OD data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic conditions for setting up the directional dedicated lane in S1 include: 1) The number of one-way lanes ≥ 3, and the width of each lane ≥ 3.25 meters. 2) The exit traffic flow of the directional dedicated lane operates stably, that is, the traffic saturation < 0.

75. The traffic saturation is the ratio of the actual traffic volume of the section to the designed traffic capacity of the section. 3) The actual traffic capacity of the section where the directional dedicated lane is set is close to or greater than its designed traffic capacity.

3. The method for setting a dedicated lane for the collection and distribution of freight transportation channels based on OD data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of generating the OD database of the access freight transportation channel network in S2 includes: S2-1. Select the access freight transportation channel network with bottleneck sections, obtain the OD survey data through on-site OD sampling surveys, conduct OD classification and feature mining on the OD survey data, toll data, and checkpoint data to obtain the OD matrix, and form the initial OD database. The initial database includes OD flow data, vehicle type data, driving direction data, and travel time data. S2-2. Expand and correct the OD flow data in the initial database. Q ijk = V ijk · α k · S k · W k · M k Where Q ijk represents the traffic volume of the k-th vehicle type from zone i to zone j; V ijk represents the OD survey sample size of the k-th vehicle type from zone i to zone j; α k represents the day-night ratio of the k-th vehicle type; S k represents the reciprocal of the sampling rate; W k represents the weekly unevenness coefficient; M k represents the monthly unevenness coefficient. Among them, the weekly uneven coefficient W k is as follows: Wherein, represents the average daily traffic volume of the survey point in a week, and N represents the traffic volume on the observation day of the survey point; Monthly unevenness coefficient M k is as follows: In the formula, represents the monthly average daily traffic volume at the survey point, represents the traffic volume observed at the survey point in the survey month; S2-3. Convert the vehicles in the initial database into standard vehicles according to the preset vehicle conversion ratio to obtain the OD database of the access freight transportation channel network.

4. The method for setting a dedicated lane for the collection and distribution of freight transportation channels based on OD data according to claim 3, wherein In S2-1, the standards for OD classification include: regarding different OD pairs with the same interval driving path as one category. The OD classification includes four categories: A, B, C, and D, namely ramp-in - ramp-out, ramp-in - straight-out, straight-in - ramp-out, and straight-in - straight-out.

5. The method for setting a dedicated lane for through transport of freight in a collection and distribution channel based on OD data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The delay optimization model for the dedicated lane for through transport freight channels established in S3 includes: S3-1. Calculate the traffic flow density in the weaving section of the through transport freight channel: In the formula, K represents the average traffic flow density of all vehicles in the weaving section, with the unit of pcu / km / lane; V represents the average sectional speed of all vehicles in the weaving section, with the unit of km / h; Q represents the total flow rate in the weaving section, with the unit of pcu / h; N represents the number of lanes in the weaving section; the weaving section is the section between different entrances and exits on the through transport freight channel. According to the traffic flow density in the weaving section and combined with the preset service level standard for the weaving section, determine the service level of the weaving section. If the service level is level four, then proceed to S3-2 and continue to judge whether to set up a dedicated lane; if the service level is level three, then you can choose whether to judge the setting of the dedicated lane in S3-2; if the service level is level one or two, then do not set up a dedicated lane on this section. S3-2. Calculate the total delay increment ΔD after the dedicated lane is set up: Wherein, n0 represents the number of dedicated directional lanes, n0 ∈ {1, 2}; T1 represents the moment when a slow vehicle appears on the dedicated directional lane; T2 represents the moment when the slow vehicle exits the dedicated directional lane; Q1(t) represents the traffic volume on the dedicated directional lane from T1 to T2, Q1(t) = Q OD , where Q OD is one of the four types of OD flows of A, B, C, and D passing through the target section, with the unit of vehicle / h; S represents the length of the dedicated directional lane of the collector-distributor freight channel, with the unit of m; v represents the normal vehicle speed of the collector-distributor freight channel when there is no mobile bottleneck, with the unit of km / h; D LC represents the total lane-changing delay of the collector-distributor freight channel; S3-3. Obtain the delay optimization model for the dedicated lane on the expressway: minΔD s.t.0≤S≤S0 Q OD ∈ M v min ≤v1, v2, v3, v4≤v max n0∈{1,2} Wherein, S0 represents the maximum length of the proposed dedicated lane for direction, with the unit of km; M represents the set of four types of OD flow data of A, B, C, and D obtained after OD classification during the time period from T1 to T2; v min , v max represents the minimum speed limit value and the maximum speed limit value of the collection and distribution freight channel, with the unit of km / h; S3-4. Use the grid search method to solve the optimization model of the delay of the directional exclusive lane on the expressway, and obtain the minimum value of the objective function ΔD and the corresponding directional exclusive lane length S, the OD flow Q of the section OD , the number n0 of the directional exclusive lanes set, and this Q OD One of the four types of OD corresponding to it in the OD database is the target direction for setting the directional exclusive lane. If the total delay increment ΔD < 0, it means considering setting the directional exclusive lane; otherwise, it is considered that this section does not meet the conditions for setting the directional exclusive lane.

6. The method for setting a dedicated lane for collecting and distributing freight channels based on OD data according to claim 5, characterized in that, The total lane-changing delay D of the collection and distribution freight channel described in S3-2 LC The specific calculation formula is as follows: Wherein, S L denotes the critical gap, with the unit of m, and is calculated by F a (S L ) = 1 - F r (S L ), where F a (S L ) is the cumulative frequency of the acceptance gap at the distance S L , and F r (S L ) is the cumulative frequency of the rejection gap at the distance S L ; Q represents the sum of the traffic volumes of all ODs in a certain direction of the collection and distribution freight channel from T1 to T2, with the unit of vehicles / h; η represents the ratio of the vehicles that need to perform lane-changing behaviors in the collection and distribution freight channel from T1 to T2, and v = (Q - Q OD ) / Q + η1, where η1 is the lane-changing rate of the vehicles passing through the target section but with neither the starting point nor the ending point in the target section; Q2(t) represents the traffic volume of the target lane from T1 to T2, and Q2(t) = Q OD ·σ / n, n is the number of lanes of the section, and σ is the weight coefficient of the target lane for the traffic volume bearing condition of the whole direction; l1 represents the distance traveled by the lane-changing vehicle during the deceleration waiting time for lane-changing, with the unit of m; l2 represents the lateral displacement of the vehicle during the lane-changing process, with the unit of m; l3 represents the longitudinal displacement of the vehicle during the lane-changing process, with the unit of m; v1 represents the average driving speed of the vehicles in the target lane, with the unit of km / h; v2 represents the initial speed of the vehicle when the driver decelerates and waits for the start of lane-changing, with the unit of km / h; v3 represents the speed of the lane-changing vehicle at the start of lane-changing, with the unit of km / h; v4 represents the speed of the lane-changing vehicle at the end of lane-changing, with the unit of km / h; f1, f2, f3 represent the arrival rate of the vehicles in the target lane before lane-changing, the dissipation rate of the vehicles in the target lane before lane-changing, and the dissipation rate of the vehicles affected by the lane-changing vehicle; T represents the average duration of vehicle lane-changing, with the unit of s.

7. The method for setting a dedicated lane for through transport of freight in a collecting and distributing freight channel based on OD data according to claim 1, wherein The time non-uniformity coefficient K described in S4 i is as follows: Among them, Q i is the hourly traffic volume of the road section, and i is the average hourly traffic volume of the road section throughout the day; It is judged whether to set a time-limited directional dedicated lane according to the K 8. The method for setting up a dedicated lane for collecting and distributing freight channels based on OD data according to claim 1, wherein The critical direction distribution coefficient KD described in S4 is: where m is the number of lanes with heavy traffic flow and n is the number of lanes with light traffic flow; judge whether to set up a tidal dedicated lane according to the value of KD.

9. The method for setting a dedicated lane for collecting and distributing freight channels based on OD data according to claim 1, wherein The pre-warning sign setting plan for the dedicated lane in S5 is: set up pre-warning signs for the dedicated lane at 2 km, 1 km and 500 m away from the dedicated lane.

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