Wireless power delivery unit, device, and method

Abstract

The application provides a wireless energy transmission unit, device and method. The wireless energy transmission unit comprises a radiation source, a light emitter, a controller and a metasurface. The radiation source is configured to emit an electromagnetic wave signal; the controller is configured to control the light emitter to provide light sources with different light intensities; the light emitter provides light sources with different light intensities in response to the control of the controller; and the metasurface is configured to adjust the phase of the electromagnetic wave signal incident on the metasurface; wherein the equivalent impedance of the metasurface changes with the change of the light intensity, so that the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted through the metasurface also changes with the change of the light intensity. Since the controller controls the light emitter to provide light sources with different light intensities, the equivalent impedance of the metasurface changes accordingly, so that the phase of the electromagnetic wave signal incident on the metasurface can be controlled with higher precision, and thus the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the wireless energy transmission unit can realize higher-precision energy focusing, which is beneficial to improving the charging efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless power transmission, and more specifically, to a wireless power transmission unit, device, and method. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless charging technology is a crucial technology for achieving long-distance wireless charging. Among them, microwave wireless charging is one of the main methods of wireless charging technology. Microwave wireless charging uses a radiation source in the power transmission device to emit electromagnetic waves and focus energy at a distant location, thereby enabling wireless charging of the receiving device at that location.

[0003] However, current microwave wireless charging technology does not have high precision in phase control, which directly affects the accuracy of energy focusing and thus affects charging efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a wireless power transmission unit, device, and method to improve the phase control accuracy in wireless charging technology, thereby improving the accuracy of energy focusing and increasing charging efficiency.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application discloses a wireless power transmission unit, comprising: a radiation source, a light emitter, a controller, and a metasurface; wherein, the radiation source is used to emit electromagnetic wave signals; the controller is used to control the light emitter to provide light sources of different intensities; the light emitter, in response to the control of the controller, provides light sources of different intensities; the metasurface is used to perform phase adjustment on the electromagnetic wave signals incident on the metasurface, so that the phase of the electromagnetic wave signals emitted through the metasurface is shifted compared to before incident; wherein, the equivalent impedance of the metasurface changes with the light intensity of the light source, so that the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signals emitted through the metasurface also changes with the light intensity of the light source.

[0006] Based on the above technology, by providing light sources of varying intensities through a light-emitting element, the surface impedance of the metasurface changes with the light intensity, thereby altering the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal. This allows the same wireless power transmission unit to provide multiple different phase shifts, achieving multi-bit precision phase control. Because multiple different phase shifts can be provided, the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the wireless power transmission unit can achieve higher precision energy focusing, which is beneficial for improving charging efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, the wireless power transmission unit can use a microstrip patch antenna as the radiation source, making the overall design of the wireless power transmission unit more compact and approximately planar. Therefore, multiple wireless power transmission units can be integrated into the same wireless power transmission device. These multiple wireless power transmission units can be oriented in different directions, thereby emitting electromagnetic waves in multiple different directions, achieving energy focusing in different directions, which is beneficial for obtaining omnidirectional coverage.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the metasurface includes at least one photosensitive device and a metal sheet connected to two electrodes of each photosensitive device. When the electromagnetic wave signal is incident on the metasurface, each photosensitive device and its connected metal sheet form an equivalent resonant circuit. The capacitance of the photosensitive device changes with the light intensity, so that the equivalent impedance of the metasurface also changes with the light intensity.

[0009] According to the principle of equivalent circuits, the phase of the transmitted electromagnetic wave can be changed by altering the equivalent impedance of the transmissive metasurface structure. For example, some metasurfaces select different transmission or reflection phases through the design of the shape parameters of the metal sheets in their surface structure. Since a photosensitive device is introduced into the metasurface in this embodiment, the metasurface can respond to different light intensities. Its equivalent impedance can change with the light intensity provided by the light source, and this change in equivalent impedance can cause a corresponding change in the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted through the metasurface. In short, by changing the light intensity of the light source, the phase of the emitted electromagnetic wave signal can be changed; that is, the phase of the electromagnetic wave signal can be adjusted.

[0010] By introducing photosensitive devices, the metasurface can respond to different light intensities to control the phase shift of electromagnetic wave signals. Due to its relatively simple structure, there is no need to introduce complex control circuits, and the influence of complex control circuits on the transmittance of the metasurface can also be avoided.

[0011] One possible design is that the photosensitive device is a photocapacitor.

[0012] Another possible design is that the photosensitive device includes a photodiode and a varactor diode, with the anode of the photodiode connected to the cathode of the varactor diode, and the cathode of the photodiode connected to the anode of the varactor diode, to apply a voltage to the varactor diode; wherein the voltage applied by the photodiode to the varactor diode changes with the light intensity, so that the capacitance of the varactor diode also changes with the light intensity.

[0013] It should be understood that the photodiode and the varactor diode can be directly connected, or they can be connected through other components. This application does not limit this connection.

[0014] It should also be understood that a photosensitive device can be considered a general term for any device that realizes a change in capacitance with changes in light intensity. Such a photosensitive device may include, but is not limited to, the two designs described above. Based on the same concept, those skilled in the art can design other photosensitive devices that can change capacitance in response to changes in light intensity, thereby causing the equivalent impedance of the metasurface to change with changes in light intensity.

[0015] In short, any design that can realize the equivalent impedance of a metasurface changing with light intensity should fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the light-emitting body includes at least one light-emitting unit, the controller includes at least one control unit, each control unit of the at least one control unit corresponds to one or more light-emitting units in the at least one light-emitting unit, and each control unit is used to control the corresponding light-emitting unit to emit light or extinguish light, so as to control the light-emitting area and / or light intensity of the light-emitting body.

[0017] It should be understood that multiple combinations of the luminous or extinguished states of multiple light-emitting units can ultimately produce light sources with various light intensities, thereby allowing the equivalent impedance of the metasurface to change with the light intensity of the light source provided by the light-emitting body. The change in equivalent impedance causes the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted through the metasurface to also change.

[0018] Furthermore, by controlling the illumination or extinguishing of different light-emitting units, the multiple light-emitting units can appear to provide light sources in different areas, thus achieving the effect of controlling the light-emitting area. By controlling different light-emitting areas to provide light sources, the equivalent impedance of the metasurface can also change with the change in the light-emitting area, causing the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted through the metasurface to also change accordingly.

[0019] Of course, combining changes in light intensity and changes in the emitting area can also achieve the effect of changing the equivalent impedance of the metasurface, thereby changing the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted through the metasurface.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, each of the at least one light-emitting unit corresponds to one or more photoelectric units in at least one photoelectric unit, and each photoelectric unit includes a photosensitive device and a metal sheet connected to two electrodes of the photosensitive device.

[0021] It should be understood that the design of the photosensitive device and the metal sheet connected to the two electrodes of the photosensitive device enables the photoelectric unit to form an equivalent resonant circuit. In this equivalent resonant circuit, the capacitance of the photosensitive device can change with the light intensity, so that the equivalent impedance of the metasurface also changes with the light intensity.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the radiation source includes at least one radiation unit, each of the at least one light-emitting unit corresponds to one or more radiation units in the at least one radiation unit, and each light-emitting unit and its corresponding photoelectric unit are used to control the phase shift that occurs when the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the corresponding one or more radiation units passes through the metasurface.

[0023] It should be understood that the change in light intensity caused by the emitting and extinguishing of each light-emitting unit can affect the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by one or more corresponding antenna units, causing the phase shift to change with the light intensity. For example, each light-emitting unit can be surrounded by four antenna units, which can affect the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by those four antenna units.

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the at least one light-emitting unit corresponds one-to-one with the at least one radiating unit.

[0025] In other words, each emitting unit corresponds to one radiating unit, and the number of emitting units is the same as the number of radiating units. The emitting units and radiating units can be arranged alternately to form an array of emitting units and an array of radiating units.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the radiating element is a microstrip antenna element, which includes one or more microstrip patch antennas.

[0027] It should be understood that using microstrip antenna elements as radiating elements can significantly reduce the size of wireless power transmission units, thereby facilitating their integration.

[0028] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the wireless power transmission device further includes a grid layer, the grid layer comprising a plurality of grids, wherein each of the plurality of light-emitting units and its corresponding one or more photoelectric units and one or more radiating units is located within one grid of the grid layer.

[0029] By setting grids between light-emitting units, it is possible to prevent the light source provided by the light-emitting units within the grid from interfering with the light source provided by the photoelectric units within other grids.

[0030] Optionally, the aforementioned electromagnetic wave signal is a microwave signal, and the grating layer is mainly made of a microwave-transparent dielectric material. Therefore, it is possible to isolate the light source while reducing the loss of the microwave signal.

[0031] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the at least one light-emitting unit and the at least one radiating unit are located on a first surface of the dielectric layer, the first surface being opposite to the incident surface of the metasurface.

[0032] It should be understood that the at least one light-emitting unit and the at least one radiation unit are located on the first surface of the dielectric layer, and the first surface is opposite to the incident surface of the metasurface, so that the light-emitting unit can regulate the equivalent impedance of the metasurface, while the radiation unit can provide electromagnetic wave signals to the metasurface; in addition, the light-emitting unit and the radiation unit are located on the surface, which greatly reduces the volume of the wireless power transmission unit.

[0033] Integrating the light-emitting unit and the radiating unit on the first surface of the dielectric layer can reduce the size of the wireless power transmission unit, which is beneficial for integrating multiple wireless power transmission units into the same wireless power transmission device, making omnidirectional coverage possible.

[0034] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the controller is located on a second surface of the dielectric layer, the second surface being opposite to the incident surface of the metasurface.

[0035] By placing the controller on the second surface of the dielectric layer, the size of the wireless power transmission unit can be reduced without blocking the light source provided by the light-emitting unit or the electromagnetic wave signals emitted by the radiation unit.

[0036] It should be understood that this application does not limit the location of the controller, as long as it can control the light-emitting body to emit or extinguish.

[0037] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the wireless power transmission device further includes a feeding terminal for feeding the radiation source, the feeding terminal being located on a second surface of the dielectric layer, the second surface being opposite to the incident surface of the metasurface.

[0038] Integrating the controller onto the second surface of the dielectric layer can further reduce the size of the wireless power transmission unit, thus facilitating the integration of multiple wireless power transmission units into the same wireless power transmission device.

[0039] By placing the power supply end on the second surface of the dielectric layer, the size of the wireless power transmission unit can be reduced without blocking the light source provided by the light-emitting unit or the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the radiation unit.

[0040] It should be understood that this application does not limit the location of the power supply end, as long as it can provide power to the radiation source.

[0041] One possible design is that the feed end of at least one of the aforementioned radiating elements is coaxially fed.

[0042] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electromagnetic wave signal is a microwave signal.

[0043] Secondly, this application discloses a wireless power transmission device, including a microwave power source and one or more wireless power transmission units; wherein the microwave power source is used to provide microwave signals to the one or more wireless power transmission units.

[0044] It should be understood that the wireless power transmission unit can be the wireless power transmission unit in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof. In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the wireless power transmission device includes multiple wireless power transmission units, and the wireless power transmission device further includes a power divider for distributing the power of the microwave signal to output multiple microwave signals to the multiple wireless power transmission units.

[0045] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the emitting surfaces of the plurality of wireless power transmission units are oriented in at least two different directions to transmit microwave signals in the at least two different directions.

[0046] It should be understood that the shape of the wireless power transmission device can be a three-dimensional structure with multiple faces, such as a triangular prism, hexahedron, triangular pyramid, square prism, square pyramid, hexagonal prism, and hexagonal pyramid. When the aforementioned wireless power transmission units are deployed on at least two surfaces of these three-dimensional structures, the wireless power transmission device can transmit microwave signals in different directions through the wireless power transmission units deployed on different surfaces, thereby facilitating omnidirectional coverage, i.e., charging receiving devices in different directions.

[0047] Thirdly, this application discloses a wireless power transmission method, comprising: receiving energy feedback from a receiving device, the energy feedback including at least one energy intensity from the receiving device in response to at least one light intensity feedback, each energy intensity being determined by the receiving device based on the received energy; determining the light intensity corresponding to the maximum value among the at least one energy intensity as a target light intensity for charging the receiving device; controlling the light intensity of the light emitter at the target light intensity, the target light intensity acting on the metasurface to perform phase adjustment on the electromagnetic waves emitted by the radiation source.

[0048] It should be understood that the wireless power transmission method provided in the third aspect can be applied to the wireless power transmission unit provided in the first aspect, or it can also be applied to the wireless power transmission device provided in the second aspect. The wireless power transmission unit may include: a radiation source, a light emitter, a controller, and a metasurface. The radiation source is used to emit electromagnetic wave signals; the controller is used to control the light intensity of the light emitter; the light emitter, in response to the control of the controller, provides light sources of different intensities; the equivalent impedance of the metasurface changes with the light intensity of the light source, so that the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted through the metasurface also changes with the light intensity of the light source.

[0049] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the method further includes: determining the luminous region corresponding to the maximum value of the at least one energy intensity as the target luminous region; and controlling the luminescent body to provide a light source in the target luminous region.

[0050] It should be understood that the light-emitting body includes at least one light-emitting unit, and the controller includes at least one control unit. Each control unit in the at least one control unit corresponds to one or more light-emitting units in the at least one light-emitting unit. Each control unit is used to control the corresponding light-emitting unit to emit light or turn off, so as to control the light-emitting area and / or light intensity of the light-emitting body. The energy feedback is at least one energy intensity fed back for different combinations of the at least one light intensity and the at least one light-emitting area.

[0051] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the method further includes: controlling the at least one light-emitting unit to provide light sources in multiple combinations via the controller, so as to provide light sources with different light intensities in different light-emitting areas, wherein the multiple combinations are obtained by traversing the light-emitting state and the off state of each light-emitting unit in the at least one light-emitting unit.

[0052] Fourthly, a wireless power transmission device is provided, comprising the wireless power transmission unit described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and a unit for implementing the method described in the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof. It should be understood that each unit for implementing the method described in the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof can perform its corresponding function by executing a computer program.

[0053] Fifthly, a wireless power transmission device is provided, comprising the wireless power transmission unit described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, a memory, and a processor. The memory can be used to store a computer program; the processor can be used to invoke the computer program in the memory to cause the computing device to execute the methods described in the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof. Optionally, the computing device further includes a communication interface coupled to the processor, the communication interface being used to input and / or output information, such as a target light intensity for charging the receiving device.

[0054] Optionally, the processor may be one or more, and the memory may be one or more.

[0055] Optionally, the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be separated from the processor.

[0056] In a sixth aspect, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product comprising: a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions), which, when the computer program is run, causes a computer to perform the methods described in the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0057] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions). When the computer program is executed, it causes the computer to perform the methods of the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless power transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the external shape of a wireless power transmission device including multiple wireless power transmission units, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the light-emitting unit and the radiating unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the metasurface and the equivalent resonant circuit of the optoelectronic unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figure 6 and Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photoelectric unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0064] Figure 8 and Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 10 and Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the grid layer structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 12 A schematic flowchart illustrating the wireless power transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of multiple light-emitting units provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0070] The device provided in this application can be applied to a variety of fields. For example: in the industrial field, it can be used to achieve unattended automatic charging; in household appliances, such as wirelessly powered food processors, wirelessly powered rice cookers, and wireless robot vacuum cleaners; in low-power wireless charging products, such as mobile phones, mice, keyboards, electric toothbrushes, electric shavers, PDAs, and smart wearable devices; in low-power products, such as miniaturized receivers for implantable medical devices and wireless sensor networks; in mobile devices, such as robots, drones, vehicles, space stations, and satellites; in contactless charging of underwater equipment, such as underwater robots, underwater weapons, and unmanned underwater vehicles; and in special working conditions, such as contactless charging of small equipment in oil wells, mud, explosion-proof environments, contactless exposure situations, and on large rotating equipment.

[0071] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following points will be explained first.

[0072] First, for ease of understanding, the wireless power transmission unit and device provided in this application are described in detail below with reference to several accompanying drawings. However, these drawings are for illustrative purposes only, and the relative distances between the components, the shape and size of the components shown in the drawings are not necessarily the same as or scaled up to the actual object.

[0073] Second, the positional relationships shown in the various figures below are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. For example, the positions of the radiation source and the light emitter are not limited to those shown in the figures and can be arbitrarily varied when implementing the embodiments of this application.

[0074] Third, the sizes and shapes of the devices in the following figures are for ease of distinction only and do not represent the actual size and shape of the objects. Furthermore, the numbers of devices in the following figures, unless otherwise specified, are illustrative examples. For instance, the number of radiation sources and light emitters may vary depending on actual requirements, and their numerical relationships may also differ; this application does not limit the numbers shown in the figures.

[0075] Fourth, in the embodiments of this application, "at least one" can mean one or more. "Multiple" refers to two or more.

[0076] In addition, to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the terms involved in this application are briefly explained.

[0077] 1. Metasurface: An artificial layered material with a thickness less than the wavelength. It can be a two-dimensional planar structure composed of artificial atoms with special electromagnetic properties arranged in a certain pattern. Metasurfaces can achieve flexible and effective control over the polarization, amplitude, phase, polarization mode, and propagation mode of electromagnetic waves. A metasurface can be regarded as the two-dimensional counterpart of a metamaterial.

[0078] 2. Photodiode: A semiconductor device composed of a PN junction, possessing unidirectional conductivity, used in circuits as a photoelectric sensor to convert light signals into electrical signals. A photodiode operates under reverse voltage. In the absence of light, the reverse current is extremely weak, also called dark current; under light, the reverse current increases rapidly, becoming photocurrent. The greater the light intensity, the greater the reverse current.

[0079] 3. Varactor Diode: Also known as a "variable reactance diode," it is made using the characteristic that the junction capacitance of a PN junction changes with the applied voltage when reverse biased. The junction capacitance decreases as the reverse bias voltage increases, and vice versa. It is mainly used in high-frequency circuits for automatic tuning, frequency modulation, and phase modulation.

[0080] 4. Photocapacitor: also known as "light-sensitive capacitor" or "light-controlled capacitor", it can realize the capacitance value changes with the light intensity.

[0081] 5. Microstrip Antenna: Generally composed of a dielectric layer, a radiator, and a ground plane. The thickness of the dielectric layer is much smaller than the wavelength. The radiator can be a thin metal layer located on the upper surface of the dielectric layer, for example, it can be fabricated using photolithography. The shape parameters of the radiator can be designed according to requirements. The ground plane can be a thin metal layer located on the lower surface of the dielectric layer. Compared to traditional antennas, microstrip antennas are not only smaller, lighter, and have a lower profile, but they are also easier to conform to, easier to integrate, and lower in cost, making them suitable for mass production. In addition, they also offer advantages such as diverse electrical performance.

[0082] 6. Microstrip Patch Antenna: A type of microstrip antenna that also has the structure of a microstrip antenna. The radiator of a microstrip patch antenna can be a conductive patch with a certain planar geometry located on the upper surface of the dielectric layer.

[0083] 7. Phase: For a wave, such as the electromagnetic wave described in the embodiments of this application, the position of the wave at a specific moment in its cycle. Phase is a measure describing the change of a signal waveform, usually expressed in degrees (or simply degrees), also known as phase angle. When the signal waveform changes periodically, one complete cycle of the waveform is 360°.

[0084] The wireless power transmission unit, device, and method provided in the embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0085] To facilitate understanding, let's first combine Figure 1 a) and b) briefly introduce the structure of the wireless power transmission device. Figure 1 The wireless power transmission device shown can be, for example, a microwave wireless power transmission device, such as a microwave wireless power transmitter. This microwave wireless power transmission device can focus energy at one or more locations by providing microwave signals and phase modulation of the microwave signals, thereby charging the receiving device. It should be understood that the wireless power transmission device provided in this application embodiment can also achieve energy focusing through other types of electromagnetic wave signals, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0086] It should be understood that microwave wireless power transmission devices can provide microwave signals in the frequency band of 300 kHz to 300 GHz, and are one possible form of wireless power transmission device. However, this should not constitute any limitation on this application. This application does not exclude the use of other electromagnetic wave signals in existing or future technologies to achieve wireless charging.

[0087] For ease of explanation, microwave signals will be used as an example of electromagnetic wave signals to describe the wireless power transmission unit, wireless power transmission device, and wireless power transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0088] Figure 1Figure a) illustrates a wireless power supply device including a wireless power supply unit. As shown, the wireless power supply device 100 may include a microwave power source 110 and a wireless power supply unit 120. The microwave power source 110 can be used to generate a high-power microwave signal, such as a 20-watt 5.8 GHz microwave signal, to provide a microwave signal to the wireless power supply unit 120. The wireless power supply unit 120 may include a radiation source, which may be two-dimensional, such that the entire wireless power supply unit 120 approximates a radiating surface when viewed as a whole. By way of example and not limitation, the radiation source may include one or more microstrip antennas. The radiator in the microstrip antenna for transmitting microwave signals may be integrated onto the upper surface of a dielectric layer by photolithography or by bonding. It is understood that when the radiator is integrated onto the upper surface of the dielectric layer in a bonding manner, the microstrip antenna may be referred to as a microstrip patch antenna.

[0089] It should be noted that since one or more antennas (such as the microstrip antenna mentioned above) are integrated into this wireless power transmission unit to transmit microwave signals, it resembles a microwave signal transmission source from an overall perspective. Therefore, in this embodiment, the one or more antennas included in the wireless power transmission unit 120 are referred to as radiation sources. For the sake of brevity, descriptions of the same or similar situations are omitted below.

[0090] It should be understood that the wireless power supply unit 120 can be combined with the following text Figures 3 to 11 The structure shown emits microwave signals and can focus energy at a desired location (such as the location of the receiving device) by manipulating the electromagnetic field, thereby charging the receiving device. (The following text will combine...) Figures 3 to 11 The structure and function of the wireless power transmission unit 120 will be described in detail here, but will not be elaborated on further.

[0091] Figure 1 Figure b) shows a wireless power transmission device that includes multiple wireless power transmission units. As shown in the figure, in addition to the microwave power source 110 mentioned above, the wireless power transmission device 100 may further include wireless power transmission units 1201, 1202 to 120n, and a power divider 130, where n is a natural number greater than 1.

[0092] The function of the microwave power source 110 has been explained above and will not be repeated here. The power divider 130, short for power splitter, is a device that divides the energy of one input signal into two or more outputs of equal or unequal energy. In this wireless power transmission device 100, the power divider 130 can be used to distribute the high-power microwave signal emitted by the microwave power source 110, outputting n microwave signals to n wireless power transmission units 1201-120n.

[0093] It is worth noting that the emitting surface of the wireless power transmission unit 1201-120n in this embodiment can be oriented in at least two different directions to transmit microwave signals in at least two different directions.

[0094] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the external shape of a wireless power transmission device containing multiple wireless power transmission units is shown.

[0095] Figure 2 The wireless power transmission device shown in a) is shaped like a triangular prism, and wireless power transmission units can be deployed on any one or more of the three lateral faces and the top surface of the prism. When wireless power transmission units are deployed on at least two surfaces of the triangular prism, the wireless power transmission device can transmit microwave signals in different directions through the wireless power transmission units deployed on different surfaces, thereby charging power receiving devices in different directions.

[0096] Figure 2 The wireless power transmission device shown in b) is a hexahedron, and wireless power transmission units can be deployed on any one or more of the four sides and the top surface of the hexahedron. When wireless power transmission units are deployed on at least two surfaces of the hexahedron, the wireless power transmission device can transmit microwave signals in different directions through the wireless power transmission units deployed on different surfaces, thereby charging power receiving devices in different directions.

[0097] It should be understood that Figure 2 The wireless power transmission device shown is only one of two possible forms and should not be construed as limiting this application in any way. For example, the wireless power transmission device can also be a three-dimensional structure with multiple faces, such as a triangular pyramid, a square prism, a square pyramid, a hexagonal prism, or a hexagonal pyramid. This application does not limit this aspect.

[0098] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wireless power supply unit 300 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the wireless power supply unit 300 may include a radiation source 301, a light emitter 302, a power supply terminal 303 for providing power to the radiation source 301, a controller 304 for controlling the light emitter 302, and a metasurface 305.

[0099] The feed terminal 303 can provide power to the radiation source 301, enabling the radiation source 301 to emit microwave signals. Optionally, the feed terminal 303 can be coaxially fed.

[0100] The controller 304 can be used to control the light emitter 302 to provide light sources with different light intensities; the light emitter 302 can respond to the control of the controller 304 to provide light sources with different light intensities.

[0101] Optionally, the light source 302 may include at least one light-emitting unit, and the controller 304 may include at least one control unit. Each control unit in the at least one control unit corresponds to one or more light-emitting units in the at least one light-emitting unit. Each control unit is used to control the corresponding light-emitting unit to emit light or turn off, so as to control the light-emitting area and / or light intensity of the light source 302.

[0102] For example, each control unit can be used to control the emitting and extinguishing of one light-emitting unit. When there are multiple light-emitting units forming an array, different levels of light intensity can be achieved through the control of each control unit. For instance, the light intensity is strongest when all light-emitting units are controlled to emit light; the light intensity is weakest when all light-emitting units are controlled to extinguish, no light source is provided; and the light intensity is between the strongest and weakest when some light-emitting units are controlled to emit light and others are controlled to extinguish, and the light intensity gradually increases as the number of extinguished light-emitting units decreases. Therefore, from an overall perspective, the controller 304 can be used to control the light intensity of the light-emitting body 302.

[0103] For example, taking two light-emitting units (light-emitting unit A and light-emitting unit B) as an example, there are four possible combinations of emitting or extinguishing states: A extinguished, B extinguished; A emitting, B extinguished; A extinguished, B emitting; A emitting, B emitting. When the light intensities of light-emitting units A and B are different, the corresponding light emitter can have four different light intensities. Furthermore, it can be understood that the light intensities provided by the combinations A emitting, B extinguished and A extinguished, B emitting may be similar, but the emitting areas may also be slightly different.

[0104] For example, each control unit can be used to control the illumination and extinguishing of multiple light-emitting units. These multiple light-emitting units can be concentrated in a certain area. When multiple light-emitting units controlled by a certain control unit are emitting light, the area corresponding to those multiple light-emitting units can provide a light source; when multiple light-emitting units controlled by a certain control unit are extinguished, the area corresponding to those multiple light-emitting units cannot provide a light source. Therefore, from an overall perspective, the controller 304 can be used to control the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting body 302.

[0105] For example, multiple control units can be used to control the illumination and extinguishing of multiple light-emitting units. The light-emitting units controlled by two or more control units can be concentrated in the same area and arranged in an alternating pattern. Assuming that the light-emitting units controlled by two control units are concentrated in the same area and arranged in an alternating pattern, when all the light-emitting units controlled by both control units are emitting light, the light intensity of that area can reach its maximum; when the light-emitting units controlled by one control unit are emitting light while the light-emitting units controlled by the other control unit are extinguished, the light intensity of that area decreases; when all the light-emitting units controlled by both control units are extinguished, that area provides no light intensity. Therefore, from an overall perspective, the controller 304 can be used to control the emitting area and light intensity of the light-emitting body 302.

[0106] By way of example and not limitation, the light-emitting unit can be a light-emitting diode (LED), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), or the like. Taking an LED as an example, each light-emitting unit may include one or more LEDs. This application does not limit this.

[0107] Optionally, the radiation source 301 may include at least one radiation element.

[0108] By way of example and not limitation, the radiating element is a microstrip antenna element. Each microstrip antenna element may include one or more microstrip patch antennas.

[0109] Optionally, each of the at least one light-emitting unit corresponds to one or more of the at least one radiating units.

[0110] In other words, the change in light intensity caused by the emission and extinguishing of each light-emitting unit can affect the phase shift of the microwave signal emitted by one or more corresponding radiating units, causing the phase shift to change with the light intensity. For example, each light-emitting unit can be surrounded by four radiating units, which can then affect the phase shift of the microwave signal emitted by those four radiating units.

[0111] One possible design is that at least one light-emitting unit corresponds one-to-one with at least one radiating unit. In other words, each light-emitting unit corresponds to one radiating unit, and the number of light-emitting units is the same as the number of radiating units.

[0112] Furthermore, the light-emitting units and the radiating units can be arranged alternately to form an array of light-emitting units and an array of radiating units.

[0113] Figure 4 An example is shown where there is a one-to-one correspondence between the light-emitting unit and the radiating unit. For example... Figure 4As shown, radiating units are exemplarily represented by squares, and emitting units by regular hexagons. It should be understood that... Figure 4 Different graphics are used to represent different units for ease of distinction only, and should not impose any restrictions on the actual form of radiating units or emitting units.

[0114] It should also be understood that Figure 4 For ease of understanding only, an exemplary layout of the radiation source and its feed terminal, the light emitter and its controller is shown, but should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0115] In this embodiment, the metasurface 305 can be used to adjust the phase of the microwave signal incident on the metasurface 305 so that the phase of the microwave signal emitted through the metasurface 305 is shifted compared to before incident.

[0116] Specifically, the equivalent impedance of metasurface 305 can change with the light intensity of the light source provided by the light emitter. This change in equivalent impedance can also change the phase shift of the microwave signal emitted through the metasurface. In short, by changing the light intensity of the light source, the phase of the emitted microwave signal can be changed, that is, the phase of the microwave signal can be adjusted.

[0117] Because the following text will combine Figures 5 to 7 The structure and working principle of metasurfaces will be explained in detail here, but will not be elaborated upon here.

[0118] It should be understood that by adjusting the phase of the microwave signal incident on the metasurface, the phase of the emitted microwave can be changed, thereby altering the focusing position of the microwave and enabling energy transfer (or charging) to energy-receiving devices at different locations. The higher the accuracy of the offset, the higher the accuracy of the corresponding energy focusing position adjustment.

[0119] The following will combine Figures 5 to 7 The structure of metasurfaces will be explained in more detail.

[0120] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metasurface 500 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 The metasurface 500 shown in a) is an example of a specific structure of the incident surface of the metasurface. It should be understood that the incident surface of the metasurface is the surface opposite to the radiation source and the light emitter. As shown, the metasurface 500 may include at least one photosensitive device 510 and metal sheets 520 connected to two electrodes of each photosensitive device. The at least one photosensitive device 510 and its connected metal sheets 520 may be located on the surface of the dielectric layer 530, opposite to the radiation source and the light emitter.

[0121] When a microwave signal sent by a radiation source is incident on the metasurface 500, each photosensitive device 510 and its connected metal sheet 520 can form an equivalent resonant circuit. Figure 5 b) shows an equivalent resonant circuit formed by a photosensitive device and a metal sheet connected to it.

[0122] As shown in the figure, the plane formed by the x-axis and y-axis is the incident surface of the metasurface 500. When a microwave signal polarized in the y-direction is incident on the metasurface along the -z-direction, according to the equivalent circuit principle, each photosensitive device 510 can be equivalent to a capacitor C, and the two metal plates 520 connected to its two ends can be equivalent to two inductors L. Thus, an equivalent resonant circuit consisting of inductors L and capacitor C connected in series can be obtained, and its corresponding surface impedance can be expressed as:

[0123] Z = iwL + 1 / (iwC).

[0124] The surface impedance obtained from the above formula is also the equivalent impedance of the metasurface. Since the capacitance of the photosensitive device 510 can change with the light intensity, the equivalent impedance of the metasurface 500 also changes with the light intensity.

[0125] It should be understood that in this equivalent resonant circuit, the inductance and capacitance can also change with variations in the material, thickness, size, and geometry of the metal sheet, thereby altering the equivalent impedance of the metasurface 500.

[0126] In the embodiments of this application, for ease of explanation, a photosensitive device 510 and the metal sheet 520 connected to the two electrodes of each photosensitive device can be referred to as a photoelectric unit. As shown in the figure, the metasurface 500 may include at least one photoelectric unit, and when multiple photoelectric units are included, the multiple photoelectric units may be arranged in an array to form a photoelectric unit array.

[0127] Figure 6 and Figure 7 Two possible designs for the photoelectric unit are shown.

[0128] Figure 6 In the photoelectric unit shown, the photosensitive device can be a photocapacitor. The two electrodes of this photocapacitor are respectively connected to two metal plates, and each electrode can be connected to one metal plate.

[0129] Figure 7In the illustrated photoelectric unit, the photosensitive device may include a photodiode and a varactor diode. The anode of the photodiode is connected to the cathode of the varactor diode, and the cathode of the photodiode is connected to the anode of the varactor diode. By connecting the photodiode to the varactor diode, a voltage is applied to the varactor diode by the photodiode. Since the voltage applied by the photodiode to the varactor diode can change with the light intensity, the capacitance of the varactor diode also changes with the light intensity.

[0130] It should be understood that the photodiode and the varactor diode can be directly connected, or they can be connected through other components. This application does not limit this connection.

[0131] It should also be understood that a photosensitive device can be considered a general term for any device that realizes a change in capacitance with light intensity, and such a photosensitive device may include, but is not limited to, the combinations described above. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The two designs shown are based on the same concept. Those skilled in the art can design other photosensitive devices whose capacitance changes in response to variations in light intensity, thereby causing the equivalent impedance of the metasurface to change with light intensity. Such designs should all fall within the scope of this application.

[0132] It should also be understood that Figures 5 to 7 The photoelectric unit shown is in the shape of an "I" character, but this should not be construed as limiting this application. The photoelectric unit can also be designed in other geometric shapes, such as circles or rings. The shape of the photoelectric unit can be achieved by designing different geometric shapes of the metal sheet. It is understood that when the geometry of the metal sheet changes, the equivalent impedance of the metasurface will also change accordingly; however, this application does not limit this aspect.

[0133] It should also be understood that the embodiments of this application do not limit the number, size, shape, or relative position of the photoelectric units. Figure 5 These examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments described in this application.

[0134] Optionally, in the wireless power transmission unit provided in the embodiments of this application, each of the at least one light-emitting unit may correspond to one or more photoelectric units in at least one photoelectric unit.

[0135] For example, each light-emitting unit can correspond to one photoelectric unit. Each light-emitting unit can control the phase of the emitted microwave signal by controlling its corresponding photoelectric unit, thereby changing the energy focusing position of the microwave and realizing energy transfer (or charging) to energy-receiving devices at different locations.

[0136] For example, when all the light-emitting units are emitting light, the phase of the outgoing wave after the microwave signal passes through the metasurface is phase a, and the energy is focused at position A; when all the light-emitting units are off, no light source is provided, the phase of the outgoing wave after the microwave signal passes through the metasurface is phase b, and the energy is focused at position B; when some light-emitting units are emitting light and others are off, the light intensity is between the strongest and weakest, and the light intensity gradually increases as the number of off light-emitting units decreases, and the phase of the outgoing wave after the microwave signal passes through the metasurface and the energy focusing position change accordingly.

[0137] For example, each light-emitting unit can correspond to multiple photoelectric units. These multiple photoelectric units can be photoelectric units concentrated in a certain area. For instance, when a light-emitting unit emits light, the phase of the microwave signal emitted after passing through the multiple photoelectric units corresponding to that light-emitting unit is phase a; when a light-emitting unit is turned off, the phase of the microwave signal emitted after passing through the multiple photoelectric units corresponding to that light-emitting unit is phase b.

[0138] For example, multiple light-emitting units can correspond to multiple photoelectric units. The photoelectric units corresponding to two or more light-emitting units can be concentrated in the same area and arranged alternately. Assuming that the photoelectric units corresponding to two light-emitting units are concentrated in the same area and arranged alternately, when both light-emitting units emit light, the phase of the emitted wave after the microwave signal passes through the multiple photoelectric units corresponding to those two light-emitting units is phase a; when one light-emitting unit emits light and the other is off, the phase of the emitted wave after the microwave signal passes through the photoelectric units corresponding to those two light-emitting units is phase b; when both light-emitting units are off, the phase of the emitted wave after the microwave signal passes through the photoelectric units corresponding to those two light-emitting units is phase c.

[0139] It should be understood that the photoelectric unit is part of the metasurface structure. As mentioned above, microwave signals pass through the photoelectric unit, that is, microwave signals pass through the metasurface.

[0140] Optionally, each of the at least one light-emitting unit corresponds to one or more of the at least one radiating unit, and each light-emitting unit and its corresponding one or more photoelectric units are used to control the phase shift that occurs when the microwave signal emitted by the corresponding one or more radiating units passes through the metasurface.

[0141] Figure 8 This is another schematic diagram of the wireless power transmission unit provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 The wireless power supply unit 800 shown is a cross-section of the wireless power supply unit. (As shown...) Figure 8As shown, the wireless power transmission unit 800 may include a metasurface 810 and a dielectric layer 820. In one possible design, the space between the metasurface 810 and the dielectric layer 820 may be air, or an air layer.

[0142] The structure of metasurface 810 can be found in the description above with reference to the figure. For the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0143] The dielectric layer 820 can be an insulating material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene. This application does not limit this.

[0144] The first surface of the dielectric layer 820 is opposite to the incident surface of the metasurface, and the second surface of the dielectric layer is opposite to the incident surface of the metasurface.

[0145] A radiation source and a light emitter are distributed on the first surface of the dielectric layer 820. As previously described, the radiation source may include one or more radiation elements, each of which may be a microstrip antenna element, or may include one or more microstrip patch antennas. Therefore, the radiation source can be attached to the first surface of the dielectric layer. The light emitter may also include one or more light emitter elements, such as LEDs, and therefore the light emitter can also be attached to the first surface of the dielectric layer. In this way, the radiation source and the light emitter are equivalent to a radiation and light emission layer 830 attached to the first surface of the dielectric layer, which can provide microwave signals and a light source.

[0146] The feed terminal of the radiation source can be disposed, for example, on the second surface of the dielectric layer 820. When the radiation source comprises multiple radiation elements, the multiple radiation elements can be fed coaxially.

[0147] The controller for the luminescent material can also be arranged on the second surface of the dielectric layer.

[0148] When the feed end of the radiation source and the controller of the light emitter are also attached to the second surface of the dielectric layer, it is as if there is a feed and control layer 840 on the second surface of the dielectric layer. Figure 8 The configuration of the power supply and controller located on the second surface of the dielectric layer 820 is schematically shown.

[0149] It should be understood that Figure 8 This is merely an example, illustrating a configuration where the radiation source and emitter are distributed as radiation and emission layers on the first surface of the dielectric layer, and the feed terminal and controller are distributed as feed and control layers on the second surface of the dielectric layer. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. For example, the feed terminal and controller could be arranged in other locations.

[0150] Additionally, it should be noted that when multiple wireless power transmission units are integrated into the same wireless power transmission device, the power supply terminals in each wireless power transmission unit can be coaxial or non-coaxial. The controllers in each wireless power transmission unit can be independent, each controlling the optical intensity of its respective wireless power transmission unit.

[0151] In another possible design, other materials can be filled between the metasurface and the dielectric layer. For example, the wireless power transmission unit also includes a grid layer, which can be located between the metasurface and the dielectric layer.

[0152] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the wireless power transmission unit 900 with added grid layer is shown. Figure 9 The wireless power supply unit 900 shown is a cross-section of the wireless power supply unit. (As shown...) Figure 9 As shown, the wireless power supply unit 900 may include a metasurface 910, a dielectric layer 920, and a grid layer 930. The grid layer 930 is located between the metasurface 910 and the dielectric layer 920.

[0153] The relevant descriptions of metasurface 910 and dielectric layer 920 can be found in the above descriptions, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0154] The grating layer 930 can be mainly made of microwave transparent dielectric material, and its thickness d (e.g. Figure 9 The thickness d (as shown in the figure) can be controlled to be about half the wavelength of the operating frequency. For example, if the operating frequency is 5.8 GHz, the thickness d of the grid layer can be about 2-3 cm. Figure 10 and Figure 11 Two possible configurations of the raster layer 930 are shown.

[0155] Figure 10 The image shows the appearance of this grid layer. As shown, this grid layer can include multiple grids.

[0156] It should be understood that the cross-sections of the multiple grids can be, for example, uniformly distributed squares, rhombuses, hexagons, etc., and this application does not limit them. Figure 11 A grid with a square cross-section is shown.

[0157] Furthermore, the multiple grid cells contained in a raster layer can be of the same size, such as... Figure 11 The representation shown may also be different, and this application does not limit this.

[0158] It should be understood that Figures 9 to 11 The grid layer shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting this application. This application does not limit the number of grids contained in the grid layer, the cross-sectional shape of the grid, etc.

[0159] Each light-emitting unit and its corresponding photoelectric unit and radiating unit can be located within the same grid. In other words, each grid can contain one or more light-emitting units, as well as one or more photoelectric units and one or more radiating units corresponding to each light-emitting unit. For example, each grid can contain one light-emitting unit, one radiating unit, and one photoelectric unit.

[0160] By adding a grid layer 930 between the metasurface 910 and the dielectric layer 920, the light-emitting unit and its corresponding photoelectric unit and radiation unit are arranged in the grid, which can prevent the light source provided by the light-emitting unit in the grid from interfering with the photoelectric unit in other grids.

[0161] Based on the above design, by providing light sources of varying intensities through a light emitter, the surface impedance of the metasurface changes with the light intensity, thereby altering the phase shift of the microwave signal. This allows the same wireless power transmission unit to emit signals with multiple different phase shifts, achieving multi-bit precision phase control. Because multiple different phase shifts can be provided, the microwave signal emitted by this wireless power transmission unit can achieve higher precision energy focusing, which is beneficial for improving charging efficiency.

[0162] Furthermore, the wireless power transmission unit can use a microstrip patch antenna as the radiation source, making the overall design of the wireless power transmission unit more compact and approximately planar. Therefore, multiple wireless power transmission units can be integrated into the same wireless power transmission device. These multiple wireless power transmission units can be oriented in different directions, thereby emitting microwaves in multiple different directions, achieving energy focusing in different directions, which is beneficial for obtaining omnidirectional coverage.

[0163] The following section will use the wireless power transmission equipment provided above as an example to illustrate the specific process of wireless power transmission.

[0164] Figure 12 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a wireless power transmission method 1200 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 As shown, the method 1200 may include steps 1210 to 1290. The steps in method 1200 are described in detail below.

[0165] It should be understood that the wireless power transmission method 1200 provided in this embodiment can be applied to the wireless power transmission device described above, or to one or more wireless power transmission units within that device. Each wireless power transmission unit may include: a radiation source, a light emitter, a controller, and a metasurface. The radiation source is used to emit electromagnetic wave signals; the controller is used to control the light intensity of the light emitter; the light emitter responds to the controller's control by providing light sources of different intensities; the equivalent impedance of the metasurface changes with the light intensity of the light source, so that the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted through the metasurface also changes with the light intensity of the light source. For further explanation of the wireless power transmission unit and the wireless power transmission device, please refer to the above description. Figures 1 to 11 For the sake of brevity, the relevant descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0166] In step 1210, the receiving device sends a charging request. Correspondingly, the wireless transmitting device receives the charging request.

[0167] In step 1220, the wireless power transmission device transmits electromagnetic wave signals under light sources of different intensities. Correspondingly, in step 1230, the power receiving device detects the energy intensity based on the received electromagnetic wave signals.

[0168] As mentioned earlier, this wireless power transmission device can provide light sources of varying intensities, and the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal can change with the light intensity, thus causing the energy focusing position to change with the light intensity. Therefore, the energy of the electromagnetic wave signal received by the receiving device at a fixed position may vary. The receiving device can detect the energy intensity based on the received electromagnetic wave signal.

[0169] For example, the wireless power transmitting device and the power receiving device can pre-negotiate a detection frequency. The wireless power transmitting device can control the change in the light intensity of the light source based on the detection frequency. The power receiving device can detect the energy intensity of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the wireless power transmitting device under different light intensities based on the detection frequency.

[0170] The receiving device can detect the energy intensity based on the electromagnetic wave signals received under these four combinations, for example, the intensities corresponding to the above four combinations are S1, S2, S3 and S4 respectively.

[0171] In step 1240, the receiving device sends energy feedback. Correspondingly, the wireless transmitting device receives energy feedback from the receiving device.

[0172] This energy feedback can be used to provide feedback on the energy intensity of electromagnetic wave signals emitted under different light intensities. For example, in the example above, the receiving device can send S1, S2, S3, and S4 to the wireless transmitting device. The receiving device can send energy feedback once after each combination switch, or it can provide feedback on the energy intensities corresponding to multiple combinations together after the wireless transmitting device has traversed all combinations.

[0173] It should be understood that there are many ways to implement energy feedback from the receiving device. This application does not limit this specific method.

[0174] In step 1250, the wireless power transmission device determines the target light intensity based on the energy feedback from the power receiving device.

[0175] Here, the target light intensity can be determined based on the maximum value of the energy intensity fed back by the energy receiving device.

[0176] In step 1260, the wireless power transmission device controls the light intensity of the light source to the target light intensity.

[0177] Because when a wireless power transmission device controls the light source to the target light intensity, the emitted electromagnetic wave signal can obtain the maximum energy intensity at the receiving device. The receiving device can then achieve its highest charging efficiency. Therefore, the wireless power transmission device can control the light intensity of the emitting element to the target light intensity.

[0178] As mentioned earlier, the wireless power transmission device may include multiple light-emitting units. Based on the emitting or extinguishing of each light-emitting unit, the wireless power transmission device can obtain a variety of possible combinations, which can provide light sources with different light intensities. Based on the energy feedback from the receiving device, the wireless power transmission device can determine the energy intensity corresponding to each combination, and then determine the combination corresponding to the maximum energy intensity. Based on such combinations, the light intensity can be controlled at the target light intensity.

[0179] Furthermore, the aforementioned combinations can also provide light sources with different light intensities in different areas. The wireless power transmission device can also perform step 1270, determining the target light-emitting area based on the energy feedback from the power receiving device; and step 1280, controlling the light-emitting body to provide light sources in the target light-emitting area.

[0180] It is understandable that the target luminescent area can also be determined based on the maximum energy intensity fed back by the energy receiving device.

[0181] Because when the wireless power transmission device controls the light source to the target luminous area and target light intensity, the emitted electromagnetic wave signal can obtain the maximum energy intensity at the receiving device. The receiving device can then achieve its highest charging efficiency. Therefore, the wireless power transmission device can determine the energy intensity corresponding to each combination based on the energy feedback from the receiving device, and thus determine the combination corresponding to the maximum energy intensity.

[0182] As an example, suppose a wireless power transmission unit in this wireless power transmission device transmits electromagnetic waves to the power receiving device. This wireless power transmission unit includes two light-emitting units. These two light-emitting units can provide four different combinations; for example, emitting light can be represented as "1" and extinguishing light as "0". The combinations provided by the two light-emitting units can be {1, 1}, {1, 0}, {0, 1}, and {0, 0}. These four combinations can provide a light source with different light intensities in different areas.

[0183] by Figure 13 Let's take the light-emitting unit shown as an example. As shown in the figure, light-emitting unit 1 corresponds to radiation unit 1, and light-emitting unit 2 corresponds to radiation unit 2. In combination {1, 1}, both light-emitting units emit light, and regions 1 and 2 can receive light sources of the same intensity. In combination {1, 0}, light-emitting unit 1 emits light, and light-emitting unit 2 is off. If there is no grid obstruction between the two light-emitting units, the light intensity received by region 1 may be higher than that received by region 2. If there is a grid obstruction between the two light-emitting units, region 1 can receive light, while region 2 may not receive light, and the emitting area is concentrated in region 1. In combination {0, 1}, light-emitting unit 1 is off, and light-emitting unit 2 emits light. If there is no grid obstruction between the two light-emitting units, the light intensity received by region 2 may be higher than that received by region 1. If there is a grid obstruction between the two light-emitting units, region 2 can receive light, while region 1 may not receive light, and the emitting area is concentrated in region 2. In combination {0, 0}, both light-emitting units are off, and neither region 1 nor region 2 receives light.

[0184] Based on these four different combinations, the phase of the electromagnetic wave signal incident on the metasurface is shifted in different ways, resulting in different energy focusing positions under these four different combinations.

[0185] In step 1290, the wireless power supply device charges the power receiving device.

[0186] The wireless power transmission device controls the light intensity based on the light-emitting body, and optionally, after controlling the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting body to the target light-emitting area, it can achieve energy focusing at the receiving device, that is, it can start charging the receiving device.

[0187] Based on the above scheme, the wireless power transmission device can track the energy focusing effect of the receiving device through high-precision phase control, obtain the maximum energy intensity at the receiving device, and thus charge the receiving device. Therefore, high charging efficiency can be achieved.

[0188] It should be understood that the aforementioned wireless power transmission device can charge the receiving device through one or more wireless power transmission units, and this application embodiment does not limit this. When charging the same receiving device through multiple wireless power transmission units, the multiple wireless power transmission devices can form a greater variety of light-emitting units, thereby achieving higher precision phase control and facilitating higher charging efficiency.

[0189] This application also provides a wireless power transmission device. Figure 14 This is another schematic diagram of the wireless power transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 14 In addition to the microwave power source 1410, power divider 1420 and one or more wireless power transmission units 1431, 1432 to 143n mentioned above, the wireless power transmission device 1400 shown may further include a control unit 1440 and a communication unit 1450.

[0190] The communication unit 1450 can be used to execute steps 1210 and 1240 in the method 1200 above; the control unit 1440 can be used to control the wireless power transmission unit to execute steps 1220 and 1290 in the method 1200 above, and can execute steps 1220 to 1280 in the method 1200 above.

[0191] It should be understood that Figure 14 The various units shown are merely categorized based on different functions and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. The communication unit 1450 and control unit 1440 may be, but are not limited to, processes, processors, objects, executable files, execution threads, programs, and / or computers running on a processor. The wireless power transmission units 1431 to 143n may be, but are not limited to, those described above. Figures 3 to 11 The wireless power transmission unit described.

[0192] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0193] In addition, the functional units in the above embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0194] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0195] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wireless power delivery unit, comprising: The application relates to a wireless energy transmission unit, comprising: a radiation source, a light emitter, a controller and a metasurface; wherein the radiation source is used for emitting an electromagnetic wave signal; the controller is used for controlling the light emitter to provide light sources with different light intensities; the light emitter provides the light sources with different light intensities in response to the control of the controller; the metasurface is used for phase adjustment of the electromagnetic wave signal incident to the metasurface, so that the phase of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the metasurface is offset; wherein the equivalent impedance of the metasurface changes with the light intensity of the light source, so that the phase offset of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the metasurface also changes with the light intensity of the light source; the metasurface comprises at least one photosensitive device and a metal sheet connected to two electrodes of each photosensitive device, and each photosensitive device and the connected metal sheet form an equivalent resonant circuit when the electromagnetic wave signal is incident to the metasurface; wherein the capacitance of the photosensitive device changes with the light intensity, so that the equivalent impedance of the metasurface also changes with the light intensity.

2. The wireless power delivery unit of claim 1, wherein, The photosensitive device is a photosensitive capacitor.

3. The wireless power delivery unit of claim 1, wherein, The photosensitive device comprises a photodiode and a varicap diode, the anode of the photodiode is connected to the cathode of the varicap diode, and the cathode of the photodiode is connected to the anode of the varicap diode to apply a voltage to the varicap diode; wherein the voltage applied to the varicap diode by the photodiode changes with the light intensity, so that the capacitance of the varicap diode also changes with the light intensity.

4. The wireless power delivery unit of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The light emitter comprises at least one light emitting unit, and the controller comprises at least one control unit, each control unit in the at least one control unit corresponds to one or more light emitting units in the at least one light emitting unit, and each control unit is used for controlling the corresponding light emitting unit to emit light or be extinguished, so as to control the light emitting area and / or the light intensity of the light emitter.

5. The wireless power delivery unit of claim 4, wherein, Each light emitting unit in the at least one light emitting unit corresponds to one or more optoelectric units in at least one optoelectric unit, and each optoelectric unit comprises a photosensitive device and a metal sheet connected to two electrodes of the photosensitive device.

6. The wireless power delivery unit of claim 5, wherein, The radiation source comprises at least one radiation unit, each light emitting unit in the at least one light emitting unit corresponds to one or more radiation units in the at least one radiation unit, and each light emitting unit and the corresponding optoelectric unit are used for controlling the phase offset amount of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the corresponding one or more radiation units when the electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted through the metasurface.

7. The wireless power delivery unit of claim 6, wherein, The at least one light emitting unit corresponds to the at least one radiation unit one by one.

8. The wireless power delivery unit of claim 6 or 7, wherein, The radiation unit is a microstrip antenna unit, and the microstrip antenna unit comprises one or more microstrip patch antennas.

9. The wireless power delivery unit of claim 6 or 7, wherein, The wireless energy transmission unit further comprises a grid layer, the grid layer comprises a plurality of grids, and each light emitting unit in the plurality of light emitting units, the corresponding one or more optoelectric units and one or more radiation units are located in a grid of the grid layer.

10. The wireless power delivery unit of claim 6 or 7, wherein, The at least one light emitting unit and the at least one radiation unit are located on a first surface of the dielectric layer, the first surface being opposite to the incident surface of the metasurface.

11. The wireless power delivery unit of claim 10, wherein, The controller is located on a second surface of the dielectric layer, the second surface being opposite to the incident surface of the metasurface.

12. The wireless power delivery unit of claim 10, wherein, The wireless energy transmission unit further comprises a feeding end for feeding the radiation source, the feeding end being located on the second surface of the dielectric layer, the second surface being opposite to the incident surface of the metasurface.

13. The wireless energy transmission unit of any of claims 1-3, 5-7, 11-12, wherein the electromagnetic wave signal is a microwave signal.

14. A wireless power delivery device, comprising: A microwave power source and one or more wireless energy transmission units as claimed in any of claims 1-13; wherein the microwave power source is configured to provide the one or more wireless energy transmission units with a microwave signal.

15. The wireless power delivery device of claim 14, wherein, The wireless energy transmission device comprises a plurality of wireless energy transmission units, and further comprises a power divider configured to divide the microwave signal into a plurality of microwave signals and output the plurality of microwave signals to the plurality of wireless energy transmission units.

16. The wireless power delivery device of Claim 15, wherein, The plurality of wireless energy transmission units are configured to emit the microwave signal in at least two different directions.

17. A wireless power transfer method, characterized by, The method is applied to a wireless energy transmission device, the wireless energy transmission device comprising one or more wireless energy transmission units, each wireless energy transmission unit comprising: a radiation source configured to emit an electromagnetic wave signal; a light emitter; a controller configured to control light intensity of the light emitter; and a metasurface, wherein an equivalent impedance of the metasurface varies with the light intensity of the light source, so that a phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted through the metasurface also varies with the light intensity of the light source. The method comprises: receiving energy feedback from a powered device, the energy feedback comprising at least one energy intensity corresponding to at least one light intensity, each energy intensity being determined by the powered device based on received energy; determining a target light intensity corresponding to a maximum value of the at least one energy intensity, the target light intensity being used to charge the powered device; controlling the light intensity of the light emitter to be the target light intensity, the target light intensity acting on the metasurface to adjust the phase of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the radiation source.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein, The light emitter comprises at least one light emitting unit, and the controller comprises at least one control unit, each control unit of the at least one control unit corresponding to one or more light emitting units of the at least one light emitting unit, each control unit being configured to control the corresponding light emitting unit to emit light or turn off, so as to control a light emitting area and / or light intensity of the light emitter; The energy feedback comprises at least one energy intensity corresponding to a different combination of the at least one light intensity and at least one light emitting area; The method further comprises: determining a target light emitting area corresponding to a maximum value of the at least one energy intensity; and controlling the light emitter to provide a light source in the target light emitting area.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The method further comprises: The at least one light emitting unit is controlled by the controller to provide light sources in a plurality of combinations to provide light sources with different light intensities in different light emitting areas, the plurality of combinations being obtained by traversing the light emitting state and the off state of each of the at least one light emitting unit.

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