Repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components, its preparation method and repair method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components, a preparation method thereof and a repair method, which relate to the technical field of laser cladding surface repair. The repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components includes a surface layer powder material and an intermediate layer powder material; wherein, the composition of the surface layer powder material is Al-Mn-Sc, and the composition of the intermediate layer powder material is the ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired to the surface layer powder material is 0.5-2.0. Thereby, the present invention improves the strength performance of the repaired part and avoids problems such as cracking and cracks in the transition region between the surface of the aluminum-silicon alloy component and the repair material, which affect the strength performance of the repaired part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding surface repair, and particularly relates to a repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components, a preparation method thereof, and a repair method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of additive manufacturing technology, more and more large-sized Al-Si alloy structural components are manufactured. Usually, it takes several weeks to several months to print a large-sized component by selective laser melting (SLM). Due to factors such as unstable equipment or defective powder, some defects such as cracks or scratches may occur during the printing process. Since such large-sized Al-Si alloy structural components are costly, it is very necessary to repair such components.

[0003] However, it is found in the actual repair process that after repairing aluminum-silicon alloy components by laser cladding, the strength performance at the repaired part will decrease sharply, or cracks and cracking are likely to occur in the transition region between the surface of the aluminum-silicon alloy component and the repair material. As a result, the strength performance of the repaired part of the aluminum-silicon alloy component is poor under the existing method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components, aiming to solve the technical problem that the strength performance of the repaired part of the aluminum-silicon alloy component is poor under the existing method.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components, and the repair powder includes a surface layer powder material and an intermediate layer powder material;

[0006] Wherein, the composition of the surface layer powder material is Al-Mn-Sc, and the composition of the intermediate layer powder material is the ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired to the surface layer powder material is 0.5 to 2.0.

[0007] Optionally, the components of the surface layer powder material are Mn: 3-6 wt.%, Mg: 0.5-1.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.6-1.2 wt.%, Zr: 0.2-0.6 wt.%, and the balance is Al.

[0008] Optionally, the components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 3-6.7 wt.%, Mn: 2-3 wt.%, Mg: 0.5-1.1 wt.%, Sc: 0.3-0.7 wt.%, Zr: 0.1-0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al.

[0009] Optionally, the components of the aluminum-silicon alloy component are Si: 10 wt.%, Mg: 0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al.

[0010] Optionally, the components of the surface layer powder material are Mn: 4.5 wt.%, Mg: 1.5 wt.%, Sc: 1 wt.%, Zr: 0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al.

[0011] Optionally, the components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 3.3 wt.%, Mn: 3 wt.%, Mg: 1.1 wt.%, Sc: 0.7 wt.%, Zr: 0.2 wt.%, and the balance is Al.

[0012] Optionally, the components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 5 wt.%, Mn: 2.3 wt.%, Mg: 0.9 wt.%, Sc: 0.5 wt.%, Zr: 0.15 wt.%, and the balance is Al.

[0013] Optionally, the components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 6.7 wt.%, Mn: 1.5 wt.%, Mg: 0.7 wt.%, Sc: 0.3 wt.%, Zr: 0.1 wt.%, and the balance is Al.

[0014] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a repair powder, which is applied to the repair powder of the above-mentioned aluminum-silicon alloy component. The preparation method includes:

[0015] Weighing elemental substances or master alloys and formulating a first mixture corresponding to the surface layer powder material and a second mixture corresponding to the intermediate layer powder material;

[0016] Placing the first mixture and the second mixture in a melting device respectively for vacuum melting;

[0017] Filling an inert gas into the melting device and performing high-speed gas atomization on the first and second molten liquids after melting respectively to obtain a first metal powder and a second metal powder;

[0018] Sieving and drying the first metal powder and the second metal powder respectively to obtain the surface layer powder material and the intermediate layer powder material as the repair powder of the aluminum-silicon alloy component.

[0019] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for repairing an aluminum-silicon alloy component, using the repair powder as described above. The repair method includes:

[0020] Taking the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired and performing grinding, polishing and pickling treatment on the part to be repaired of the aluminum-silicon alloy component;

[0021] Place the processed aluminum-silicon alloy component on the laser cladding equipment platform and fix the aluminum-silicon alloy component.

[0022] After depositing a preset number of layers of intermediate layer powder material on the area to be repaired by the laser cladding equipment, deposit the surface layer powder material until the repair of the aluminum-silicon alloy component is completed.

[0023] A repair powder for an aluminum-silicon alloy component proposed by the present invention, the repair powder includes a surface layer powder material and an intermediate layer powder material; wherein, the composition of the surface layer powder material is Al-Mn-Sc, and the composition of the intermediate layer powder material is the ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired to the composition of the surface layer powder material is 0.5 to 2.0. Thus, the present invention uses the surface layer powder material of Al-Mn-Sc to improve the strength performance of the repaired area, and realizes the transition between the surface of the aluminum-silicon alloy component and the surface layer powder material through the intermediate layer powder material with a ratio of 0.5 to 2.0 of the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired to the surface layer powder material, avoiding problems such as cracking and cracking in the transition area between the surface of the aluminum-silicon alloy component and the repair material, which affect the strength performance of the repaired area. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the repair structure of the first comparative example related to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the repair structure of the second comparative example related to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the repair structure of an embodiment of the repair powder for an aluminum-silicon alloy component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the process flow of an embodiment of the preparation method of the repair powder of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the process flow of an embodiment of the repair method for an aluminum-silicon alloy component of the present invention.

[0029] The realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the purpose of this application will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the drawings. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of this application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be understood that the experimental methods used in the following embodiments of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following embodiments of the present invention can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0033] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the repair structure of the first comparative example related to the present invention. In the figure, B0 is the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired, and XF1 is the first comparative repair layer. As an example, the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 to be repaired is Al-10Si-0.3Mg, that is, the composition of the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 is Si: 10 wt.%, Mg: 0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al, where wt.% is the mass percentage. The first comparative repair layer XF1 is made of the same material as the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0, Al-10Si-0.3Mg. After laser cladding repair of the area to be repaired of the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 using the Al-10Si-0.3Mg powder material of the same material as the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0, the strength performance of the first comparative repair layer XF1 at the repair area drops sharply. The test results of the first comparative example are shown in Table 1 below:

[0034] Table 1 Test results of the first comparative example

[0035]

[0036] It can be understood that generally, the aluminum-silicon alloy components formed by SLM are mainly AlSi10Mg and AlSi12. Under the SLM forming process conditions, their strength performance is excellent (yield strength ≥ 280 MPa, tensile strength ≥ 450 MPa, elongation ≥ 4%). As can be seen from the above table, when laser cladding repair is carried out on the area to be repaired of the aluminum-silicon alloy component using the Al-10Si-0.3Mg powder material of the same material, the strength performance of the first comparative repair layer XF1 at the repair area drops sharply (yield strength drops to 179 MPa, tensile strength drops to 292 MPa), which is determined by the formation of coarser microstructures and in-situ over-aging treatment during laser cladding. And the transition region (i.e., the interface between the two) of the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 and the first comparative repair layer XF1.

[0037] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2Schematic diagram of the repair structure of the second comparative example related to the present invention. In the figure, B0 is the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired, and XF2 is the second comparative repair layer. As an example, the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 to be repaired is Al-10Si-0.3Mg, that is, the components of the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 are Si: 10 wt.%, Mg: 0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al, where wt.% is the mass percentage. The first comparative repair layer XF1 is Al-4.5Mn-1.5Mg-1Sc-0.3Zr (similar to the composition of high-strength aluminum). After laser cladding repair of the area to be repaired of the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 with the high-strength aluminum Al-4.5Mn-1.5Mg-1Sc-0.3Zr powder material heterogeneous to the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0, problems such as cracks and cracking are likely to occur in the transition area between the second comparative repair layer XF2 at the repair area and the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0, which will also affect the strength performance of the repair area. The test results of the second comparative example are as shown in Table 2 below:

[0038] Table 2 Test Results of the Second Comparative Example

[0039]

[0040] It can be seen from the above table that after laser cladding repair of the area to be repaired of the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 with the high-strength aluminum Al-4.5Mn-1.5Mg-1Sc-0.3Zr powder material heterogeneous to the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0, the strength performance of the second comparative repair layer XF2 at the repair area is significantly guaranteed (yield strength is 335 MPa, tensile strength is 396 MPa). However, the tensile strength of the transition area between the second comparative repair layer XF2 at the repair area and the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 drops sharply to 85 Mpa. Since the tensile strength of this transition area is insufficient, it will lead to problems such as cracks and cracking in the transition area, seriously affecting the strength performance of the repair area.

[0041] An embodiment of the present invention provides a repair powder for an aluminum-silicon alloy component, and the repair powder includes a surface layer powder material and an intermediate layer powder material;

[0042] Among them, the composition of the surface layer powder material is Al-Mn-Sc, and the composition of the intermediate layer powder material is the ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired to the surface layer powder material is 0.5 to 2.0.

[0043] Refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the repair structure of a repair powder for an aluminum-silicon alloy component of the present invention. In the figure, B0 is the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired, and XFC is the repair layer corresponding to the repair powder. The repair layer includes a first repair layer XFC1 corresponding to the intermediate layer powder material and a second repair layer XFC2 corresponding to the surface layer powder material. The composition of the surface layer powder material is Al-Mn-Sc (similar to the composition of high-strength aluminum), and the composition of the intermediate layer powder material is the ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired to the surface layer powder material is 0.5 to 2.0. The composition of the surface layer powder material Al-Mn-Sc contains more Sc, so that higher strength performance can be maintained at the repaired part of the aluminum-silicon alloy component, matching the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired. And the composition of the intermediate layer powder material is the ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired to the surface layer powder material is 0.5 to 2.0, then the intermediate layer powder material designed by combining the components of the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired and the surface layer powder material can overcome the problems of easy cracking and generation of cracks in the transition region.

[0044] Among them, by referring to the components of common aluminum-silicon alloy components manufactured by selective laser melting, the composition of the surface layer powder material is Mn: 3-6 wt.%, Mg: 0.5-1.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.6-1.2 wt.%, Zr: 0.2-0.6 wt.%, and the balance is Al. The composition of the intermediate layer powder material is Si: 3-6.7 wt.%, Mn: 2-3 wt.%, Mg: 0.5-1.1 wt.%, Sc: 0.3-0.7 wt.%, Zr: 0.1-0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] As an example, the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 to be repaired is Al-10Si-0.3Mg, that is, the composition of the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 is Si: 10 wt.%, Mg: 0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al, where wt.% is the mass percentage. The composition of the surface layer powder material is Mn: 4.5 wt.%, Mg: 1.5 wt.%, Sc: 1 wt.%, Zr: 0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al. The composition of the intermediate layer powder material is Si: 3.3 wt.%, Mn: 3 wt.%, Mg: 1.1 wt.%, Sc: 0.7 wt.%, Zr: 0.2 wt.%, and the balance is Al. That is, the composition of the intermediate layer powder material is the ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired to the surface layer powder material is 0.5. The test results of Example 1 of the present invention are shown in Table 3 below:

[0047] Table 3 Test results of Example 1

[0048]

[0049] As can be seen from the above test results, in this embodiment, the component ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy part to be repaired to the surface layer powder material is 0.5 and is used as the component of the intermediate layer powder material. At this time, the yield strength of the repair layer XFC at the repaired part of the aluminum-silicon alloy part is 335 MPa, and the tensile strength is 396 MPa, significantly ensuring the strength performance of the repair layer XFC at the repaired part. And because the component of the intermediate layer powder material contains a relatively high Si, the tensile strength of the transition region between the repair layer XFC at the repaired part and the aluminum-silicon alloy part B0 also reaches 183 MPa. Greatly reducing the possibility of cracks and cracking in the transition region between the repair layer XFC at the repaired part and the aluminum-silicon alloy part B0.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] As another example, the aluminum-silicon alloy part B0 to be repaired is Al-10Si-0.3Mg, that is, the components of the aluminum-silicon alloy part B0 are Si: 10 wt.%, Mg: 0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al, where wt.% is the mass percentage. The components of the surface layer powder material are Mn: 4.5 wt.%, Mg: 1.5 wt.%, Sc: 1 wt.%, Zr: 0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al. The components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 5 wt.%, Mn: 2.3 wt.%, Mg: 0.9 wt.%, Sc: 0.5 wt.%, Zr: 0.15 wt.%, and the balance is Al. That is, the composition of the intermediate layer powder material is the component ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy part to be repaired to the surface layer powder material is 1.0. The test results of Example 2 of the present invention are as follows in Table 4:

[0052] Table 4 Test Results of Example 2

[0053]

[0054] As can be seen from the above test results, in this embodiment, the component ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy part to be repaired to the surface layer powder material is 1.0 and is used as the component of the intermediate layer powder material. At this time, the yield strength of the repair layer XFC at the repaired part of the aluminum-silicon alloy part is 335 MPa, and the tensile strength is 396 MPa, significantly ensuring the strength performance of the repair layer XFC at the repaired part. And because the component of the intermediate layer powder material contains a relatively high Si, the tensile strength of the transition region between the repair layer XFC at the repaired part and the aluminum-silicon alloy part B0 also reaches 180 MPa. Greatly reducing the possibility of cracks and cracking in the transition region between the repair layer XFC at the repaired part and the aluminum-silicon alloy part B0.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] As another embodiment, the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 to be repaired is Al-10Si-0.3Mg, that is, the components of the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 are Si: 10 wt.%, Mg: 0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al, where wt.% is the mass percentage. The components of the surface layer powder material are Mn: 4.5 wt.%, Mg: 1.5 wt.%, Sc: 1 wt.%, Zr: 0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al. The components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 6.7 wt.%, Mn: 1.5 wt.%, Mg: 0.7 wt.%, Sc: 0.3 wt.%, Zr: 0.1 wt.%, and the balance is Al. That is, the composition ratio of the intermediate layer powder material to the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired and the surface layer powder material is 2.0. The test results of Example 2 of the present invention are shown in Table 5 below:

[0057] Table 5 Test results of Example 3

[0058]

[0059] It can be seen from the above test results that in this embodiment, the composition ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired and the surface layer powder material is 2.0 as the component of the intermediate layer powder material. At this time, the yield strength of the repair layer XFC at the repaired part of the aluminum-silicon alloy component is 335 MPa, and the tensile strength is 396 MPa, which significantly guarantees the strength performance of the repair layer XFC at the repaired part. And although the tensile strength of the transition region between the repair layer XFC at the repaired part and the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0 is slightly lower than that of Example 1 and Example 2, it also reaches 170 MPa. It can greatly reduce the possibility of cracks and cracking in the transition region between the repair layer XFC at the repaired part and the aluminum-silicon alloy component B0.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 , which is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the preparation method of the repair powder of the present invention. It should be noted that although the logical order is shown in the flow chart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order from here.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, a preparation method of repair powder is provided, which is applied to the repair powder as described above. The preparation method includes:

[0062] Step S100, weighing elemental substances or intermediate alloys and preparing a first mixture corresponding to the surface layer powder material and a second mixture corresponding to the intermediate layer powder material;

[0063] Step S200, placing the first mixture and the second mixture in a melting device respectively for vacuum melting;

[0064] Step S300: Charge an inert gas into the smelting device, and perform high-speed gas atomization on the first smelted liquid and the second smelted liquid respectively to obtain the first metal powder and the second metal powder;

[0065] Step S400: Screen and dry the first metal powder and the second metal powder respectively to obtain the surface layer powder material and the intermediate layer powder material as the repair powder for the aluminum-silicon alloy component.

[0066] In this embodiment, the component elements or intermediate alloys of the surface layer powder material and the intermediate layer powder material can be weighed and formulated according to the components of the surface layer powder material and the intermediate layer powder material to prepare a first mixture corresponding to the surface layer powder material and a second mixture corresponding to the intermediate layer powder material. The components of the surface layer powder material are Mn: 3-6 wt.%, Mg: 0.5-1.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.6-1.2 wt.%, Zr: 0.2-0.6 wt.%, and the balance is Al. The components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 3-6.7 wt.%, Mn: 2-3 wt.%, Mg: 0.5-1.1 wt.%, Sc: 0.3-0.7 wt.%, Zr: 0.1-0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al. Exemplarily, the components of the surface layer powder material are Mn: 4.5 wt.%, Mg: 1.5 wt.%, Sc: 1 wt.%, Zr: 0.3 wt.%, and the balance is Al. The components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 3.3 wt.%, Mn: 3 wt.%, Mg: 1.1 wt.%, Sc: 0.7 wt.%, Zr: 0.2 wt.%, and the balance is Al. Or, the components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 5 wt.%, Mn: 2.3 wt.%, Mg: 0.9 wt.%, Sc: 0.5 wt.%, Zr: 0.15 wt.%, and the balance is Al. Or, the components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 6.7 wt.%, Mn: 1.5 wt.%, Mg: 0.7 wt.%, Sc: 0.3 wt.%, Zr: 0.1 wt.%, and the balance is Al. Then, the first mixture and the second mixture can be respectively placed in a melting device for vacuum melting to obtain a first molten liquid and a second molten liquid. Then, an inert gas (such as argon, helium, etc.) is filled into the melting device, and the first molten liquid and the second molten liquid after melting are respectively atomized by a high-speed gas flow, so that the high-temperature first molten liquid and second molten liquid are respectively broken into small droplets by the high-speed gas flow and then quickly cooled to solidify into metal powders, obtaining a first metal powder and a second metal powder; furthermore, the first metal powder and the second metal powder are respectively sieved and dried to obtain the surface layer powder material and the intermediate layer powder material as the repair powders for aluminum-silicon alloy components. Thus, the repair powders for aluminum-silicon alloy components as described above can be prepared in this embodiment. It can be understood that the repair powders for aluminum-silicon alloy components can also be prepared by other preparation methods, such as electrolytic deposition method, chemical reduction method, mechanical crushing method, etc. The present invention does not limit the preparation method of the repair powders for aluminum-silicon alloy components.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for repairing aluminum-silicon alloy components of the present invention. It should be noted that although the logical sequence is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than here.

[0068] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for repairing aluminum-silicon alloy components. Using the repair powder as described above, the repair method includes:

[0069] Step A100: Take the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired, and perform grinding, polishing and pickling treatment on the part to be repaired of the aluminum-silicon alloy component;

[0070] Step A200: Place the treated aluminum-silicon alloy component on the laser cladding equipment platform and fix the aluminum-silicon alloy component;

[0071] Step A300: After depositing a preset number of layers of intermediate layer powder material on the part to be repaired through the laser cladding equipment, deposit the surface layer powder material until the repair of the aluminum-silicon alloy component is completed.

[0072] In this embodiment, by taking the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired and performing grinding, polishing and pickling treatment on the part to be repaired of the aluminum-silicon alloy component, a relatively regular surface of the part to be repaired is obtained and the surface oxide layer is removed. Then, the treated aluminum-silicon alloy component is placed on the processing platform of the laser cladding equipment and the aluminum-silicon alloy component is fixed. Then, after depositing a preset number of layers (such as 2-5 layers) of intermediate layer powder material on the part to be repaired through the laser cladding equipment, deposit the surface layer powder material until the repair of the aluminum-silicon alloy component is completed. The laser cladding equipment is a device for realizing laser cladding repair. Laser cladding repair is a technology that uses a high-energy laser beam to quickly melt and solidify the powder and the substrate to repair the workpiece.

[0073] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity / operation / object from another entity / operation / object, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities / operations / objects; the term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or system including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or system including the element.

[0074] The serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention above are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0075] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components, characterized in that, The repair powder includes a surface layer powder material and an intermediate layer powder material for laser cladding repair; Among them, the composition of the surface layer powder material is Al-Mn-Sc; the intermediate layer powder material is composed of the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired and the surface layer powder material, and the composition ratio between the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired and the surface layer powder material in the intermediate layer powder material is 0.5-2.0; The components of the surface layer powder material are Mn: 3-6wt.%, Mg: 0.5-1.5wt.%, Sc: 0.6-1.2wt.%, Zr: 0.2-0.6wt.%, and the balance is Al; The components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 3.3-6.7wt.%, Mn: 2-3wt.%, Mg: 0.5-1.1wt.%, Sc: 0.3-0.7wt.%, Zr: 0.1-0.3wt.%, and the balance is Al.

2. The repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The components of the aluminum-silicon alloy component are Si: 10wt.%, Mg: 0.3wt.%, and the balance is Al.

3. The repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components according to claim 2, wherein, The components of the surface layer powder material are Mn: 4.5wt.%, Mg: 1.5wt.%, Sc: 1wt.%, Zr: 0.3wt.%, and the balance is Al.

4. The repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components according to claim 3, characterized in that, The components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 3.3wt.%, Mn: 3wt.%, Mg: 1.1wt.%, Sc: 0.7wt.%, Zr: 0.2wt.%, and the balance is Al.

5. The repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components according to claim 3, characterized in that, The components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 5wt.%, Mn: 2.3wt.%, Mg: 0.9wt.%, Sc: 0.5wt.%, Zr: 0.15wt.%, and the balance is Al.

6. The repair powder for aluminum-silicon alloy components according to claim 3, characterized in that, The components of the intermediate layer powder material are Si: 6.7wt.%, Mn: 1.5wt.%, Mg: 0.7wt.%, Sc: 0.3wt.%, Zr: 0.1wt.%, and the balance is Al.

7. A method for preparing a repair powder, which is applied to the repair powder according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The preparation method includes: Weighing elemental components or intermediate alloys to prepare a first mixture corresponding to the surface layer powder material and a second mixture corresponding to the intermediate layer powder material; Placing the first mixture and the second mixture in a melting device for vacuum melting respectively; Filling an inert gas into the melting device, and respectively carrying out high-speed gas atomization on the melted first melt and second melt to obtain a first metal powder and a second metal powder; Sieving and drying the first metal powder and the second metal powder respectively to obtain the surface layer powder material and the intermediate layer powder material as the repair powder for the aluminum-silicon alloy component.

8. A repair method for aluminum-silicon alloy components, using the repair powder as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The repair method includes: Taking the aluminum-silicon alloy component to be repaired, and carrying out grinding, polishing and pickling treatment on the part to be repaired of the aluminum-silicon alloy component; Putting the treated aluminum-silicon alloy component on the laser cladding equipment platform and fixing the aluminum-silicon alloy component; After depositing a preset number of layers of the intermediate layer powder material on the part to be repaired through the laser cladding equipment, depositing the surface layer powder material until the repair of the aluminum-silicon alloy component is completed.

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