Turbine type double shot line core taking down hole hammer and drilling method for hard rock directional drilling

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of hard rock directional drilling turbine double elastic clamping rope core taking down-the-hole hammer, including double elastic clamping rope mechanism, turbine down-the-hole hammer and core taking inner tube;The double elastic clamping rope mechanism is located in the upper portion of outer tube, and the lower end of outer tube is equipped with drill bit;Double elastic clamping rope mechanism is connected the turbine one end of turbine down-the-hole hammer by joint and bearing, and the other end of turbine down-the-hole hammer is connected inner tube by joint;The turbine includes multiple rotors, and the rotor length is less than the distance from the outer circle of rotating shaft to the inner wall of outer tube, and rotor is staggered, interval arrangement in the direction of outer tube axis, and rotor is interval arranged in the cross-sectional direction of outer tube to form airflow passage;The force exerted on rotor when airflow passes through airflow passage will drive rotor rotation, in turn drive rotating shaft and pneumatic down-the-hole hammer and core taking inner tube rotation;It further includes a drilling method.The present application can improve the working reliability of core taking inner tube, avoids the breakage and impact of existing drilling tool generated by the torque provided by drill pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of exploration equipment technology and is a special equipment for mountain tunnel exploration and submarine tunnel exploration. In particular, it relates to a turbine-type double-spring wireline coring down-the-hole hammer and drilling method for directional drilling in hard rock. Background Technology

[0002] Horizontal directional drilling technology can compensate for the limitations of conventional vertical drilling, effectively solving geological exploration problems in challenging mountainous areas and undersea tunnels. By adjusting the borehole trajectory of the core sampler, the radiation area of ​​a single borehole can be increased. Long-distance horizontal drilling can achieve the same results at a single construction site as multiple vertical boreholes. Furthermore, the trajectory of the horizontal well follows the tunnel's direction, ensuring the comprehensiveness of the drilling data and providing a more accurate reflection of the geological conditions within the tunnel, thus offering detailed geological data for tunnel design and construction. For example, in undersea tunnels, directional geological drilling equipment is deployed on islands along the route. After drilling near the tunnel body, the drilling direction is adjusted to conduct long-distance horizontal geological drilling along the tunnel's direction, thereby clarifying the surrounding rock conditions of the undersea tunnel section in the strait passage. Directional drilling for tunnel exploration is difficult when encountering the following strata: ① uncemented gravel layers and boulders in Quaternary strata; ② various unweathered and slightly to moderately weathered rock strata.

[0003] The trajectory of directional drilling in tunnel exploration consists of curves-straight lines-curves. The rock is relatively hard, with very little or even negligible plastic deformation. The drill rod bears bending fatigue loads as it pushes, pulls, and rotates within the curved borehole, as well as vibration and impact loads generated by the drill bit breaking rock and friction between the drill string and the hard rock borehole wall. Horizontal directional drill rods are subjected to complex alternating compressive, tensile, torsional, bending, and vibration loads in three-dimensional space. Combined with wear and corrosion, they will eventually break at stress concentration points after a period of time.

[0004] To obtain reliable core samples, wireline coring tools have played a significant role in deep-hole geological exploration drilling by avoiding frequent drill lifting. They offer high drilling speeds and good economic efficiency. However, conventional wireline coring tools rely on the drill pipe to provide the drill bit with the required drilling pressure and torque. During drilling, the inner casing of the tool is prone to jamming, making retrieval impossible. Forced retrieval can easily cause the retrieval wire rope to break inside or outside the drill pipe, greatly affecting drilling efficiency. Furthermore, the need for tool deviation correction and directional control further reduces exploration efficiency. On the other hand, drilling fluid is prone to loss during horizontal drilling, leading to stuck drill, burnt drill, and rapid wear of seals. This can easily disperse and contaminate the core, affecting the core recovery rate and lithology assessment. In water-scarce mountain tunnel areas, drilling fluid preparation is difficult and costly.

[0005] To address the technical challenges of directional drilling, countries around the world have invested significant effort and resources in research and application, achieving certain results and practical effects. Currently, the commonly used techniques in directional drilling include the following: ① Utilizing bottom-hole mud motors, adding corresponding mud preparation, circulation, and purification equipment, and configuring mud pumps with larger capacity and drill rods with larger inner diameters. However, this results in significant on-site costs for mud materials and waste mud disposal. Moreover, the entire set of equipment occupies a large area, is costly, has a short lifespan, and a large build-up radius; ② Using dual-tube drilling with ordinary eccentric drill bits. Dual-tube drilling requires a dedicated concentric dual-output shaft drilling rig, which is expensive, causes severe drill rod wear, and has extremely low rock-breaking efficiency; ③ Using a dry rock drilling system. This method uses air as the circulating medium and a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer as the main rock-breaking power source. Its main features are the use of compressed air as power, low chemical pollution, strong environmental advantages, and the highest rock-breaking efficiency. Because air is used as the flushing medium, this method saves about 25% of the cost compared to mud-wall drilling. However, it is difficult to directionally penetrate the borehole and is prone to jamming during hammer impact.

[0006] In summary, a drilling tool needs to be designed that can utilize the superior rock-breaking advantage of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling, while preventing the down-the-hole hammer head from jamming, avoiding fatigue damage to the drill pipe, and improving the service life of the drill pipe. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a turbine-type double-spring clip wireline coring down-the-hole hammer and drilling method for directional drilling in hard rock to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. It can significantly improve the working reliability of the wireline coring inner tube assembly, which is conducive to improving drilling efficiency. It has an anti-dry-firing function, effectively avoids some in-hole accidents, and is beneficial to drilling deep and ultra-deep holes.

[0008] This invention includes the following technical solutions:

[0009] A turbine-type double-spring-clamped wireline coring down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling in hard rock includes a double-spring-clamped wireline mechanism, a turbine-type down-the-hole hammer, and a coring inner tube. The double-spring-clamped wireline mechanism is located in the upper part of the outer tube, and a drill bit is provided at the lower end of the outer tube. The double-spring-clamped wireline mechanism is connected to one end of the turbine of the turbine-type down-the-hole hammer through a union and a bearing, and the other end of the turbine-type down-the-hole hammer is connected to the inner tube through a joint. The turbine includes multiple rotors, and the length of each rotor is less than the distance from the outer circle of the shaft to the inner wall of the outer tube. The rotors are staggered and spaced apart along the axial direction of the outer tube, and spaced apart along the cross-sectional direction of the outer tube to form an airflow channel. When the airflow passes through the airflow channel, the force applied to the rotor will drive the rotor to rotate, thereby driving the shaft, the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, and the coring inner tube to rotate.

[0010] This solution eliminates the need for drill pipe to connect the drill bit, thus eliminating the need for the drill pipe to drive the impact head to rotate and the need for directional control and correction of the drill bit, thereby increasing the efficiency of exploration.

[0011] Furthermore, the double-spring clip rope mechanism includes an upper spring clip and a lower spring clip; the upper spring clip is arranged in the spring clip slot of the upper spring clip seat, and the lower spring clip is arranged in the spring clip slot of the lower spring clip sleeve; the upper spring clip and the lower spring clip are hinged to the upper spring clip seat and the lower spring clip sleeve respectively by the upper spring clip elastic pin and the lower spring clip elastic pin; tension springs are installed on the inner side of the upper spring clip and the lower spring clip, and both can extend out of the spring clip slot under the tension of the tension springs; the outer side of the upper spring clip and the lower spring clip are inclined surfaces, and there are sheet-like double wings on both sides of the retrieval stop to close the spring clips.

[0012] The retrieval stop's two wings and the upper spring clip are mounted in the same spring clip slot, allowing for a certain amount of free movement within the slot. Normally, under the action of the return spring and its own weight, the retrieval stop is in the lower position, and the upper spring clip is in its maximum freely extended state. When the two wings of the retrieval stop contact the inclined surface of the spring clip, the upper spring clip begins to retract until the spring clip's limit is released. Continuing to pull up the retrieval spearhead allows for the retrieval of the inner tube assembly. Under the action of the return spring and its own weight, the retrieval stop returns to the lower position, separating from the upper spring clip, which then returns to its maximum freely extended state.

[0013] The upper spring clip prevents the core tube from rising due to the upward force when the core enters the tube or the rebound force of the impactor. The lower spring clip serves two purposes: first, when the drill string is in a hoisting position, it suspends the impactor and the entire core tube, disengaging the piston hammer within the impactor and preventing it from operating, thus facilitating pre-drilling perforation; second, when the impactor is removed for wireline coring rotary drilling, the lower spring clip acts as a suspension mechanism for the core tube. This design employs a double spring clip structure, significantly improving the reliability of the wireline coring tube assembly, increasing drilling efficiency, and providing anti-dry-firing protection for the impactor, effectively preventing some in-hole accidents and facilitating drilling in deep and ultra-deep holes. Neither the upper nor lower spring clip elastic pins bear shear force, reducing vulnerable parts and improving both the lifespan and safety of the wireline coring tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper end of the double-spring-loaded rope mechanism is provided with a retrieval spearhead, the lower part of which is hinged to the upper part of the retrieval spear rotation shaft, allowing the retrieval spearhead to rotate freely. A conical shaft positioning pin is provided inside the retrieval spear rotation shaft. The upper spring-loaded bracket is cylindrical with spring-loaded slots arranged on its circumference. The inner hole of the upper spring-loaded bracket is clearance-fitted with the retrieval spear rotation shaft and the force transmission shaft. The retrieval spear rotation shaft and the force transmission shaft can move within the inner hole of the upper spring-loaded bracket, and the retrieval stop can slide within the spring-loaded slots.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the rotating shaft of the spear is provided with a lifting sleeve, the lifting sleeve is provided with a positioning alarm ring, and the bottom of the lifting sleeve is provided with an end cap.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper and lower spring clips are either bidirectional limiting spring clip structures or unidirectional limiting suspension spring clip structures.

[0017] Furthermore, below the turbine are an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer. Below the outer cylinder is an impact head, and inside the upper end of the outer cylinder is a check valve. Below the check valve is a distribution rod, and at the top of the distribution rod is a spring. When the drill bit is in the hoisting state, the impact head has a splined (or hexagonal) shaft and is suspended from the lower connector of the outer cylinder by a key. At this time, the piston falls and presses against the impact head, and the third air inlet of the inner cylinder is located in the upper chamber of the piston. Compressed air opens the check valve, passes through the first air inlet, the second air inlet, and the annular air passage between the inner and outer cylinders, and enters the upper chamber of the piston through the third air inlet. Then, it passes through the central hole of the piston and the impact head directly to the bottom of the hole to blow out powder. This pneumatic method also avoids the possibility of the piston working when the impact head is suspended, thus preventing dry drilling.

[0018] Furthermore, both the impact stroke and return stroke of the piston involve three stages: intake, compressed air expansion, and piston inertial sliding, but the length of each stage varies. To obtain greater impact power, sufficient intake length must be ensured during the impact stroke.

[0019] Furthermore, when the impact head is pressing against the bottom of the hole for drilling, the impact head and piston move upward relative to the inner and outer cylinders. The third air inlet is connected to the lower chamber of the piston. At this time, the compressed air entering the first air inlet passes through the throttle orifice of the air distribution rod, the piston, and the central channel of the impact head directly to the bottom of the hole, and is used to directly blow away the rock cuttings at the bottom of the hole, which is the direct blowing and dust removal air path. The other path is that a large amount of compressed air entering the first air inlet passes through the second air inlet, the annular air passage, and the third air inlet into the lower chamber of the piston. The compressed air pushes the piston to accelerate upward, which is the air intake stage. After the piston has moved upward a certain distance, the air path into the lower chamber is cut off by the sealing surface in the middle of the piston. At this time, since its lower chamber is still a closed cavity, the high-pressure air that has entered the lower chamber expands and does work, continuing to push the piston upward, which is the compressed air expansion stage. After the piston continues to move upward a certain distance, the compressed air in the lower chamber enters the central hole of the impact head and the bottom of the hole through the exhaust hole to be depressurized. At this time, the piston, which has gained a certain kinetic energy, can still continue to move upward by inertia, which is the piston inertia sliding stage.

[0020] Before the piston moves upward due to inertia, the valve stem is inserted into the piston's central hole, forming a sealed upper chamber. At the appropriate time, the seal on the piston's upper sealing surface is released, allowing compressed air to enter the upper chamber through the third intake hole. The increased pressure in the upper chamber forces the piston to stop moving upward, and the intake air then pushes the piston downward at an accelerated rate—this is the intake phase. When the piston's upper sealing surface enters the seal, the intake passage is cut off. The piston continues to move downward due to the expansion of the high-pressure gas already in the sealed upper chamber (this is the compressed air expansion phase). When the upper end of the piston disengages from the valve stem, the compressed air in the upper chamber is discharged to the bottom of the hole through the piston and the impact head's central hole, reducing the pressure. At this point, the piston continues to move downward due to inertia, impacting the tail of the impact head (this is the piston inertial sliding phase). While the piston is inertially moving downward and impacting the impact head, its lower chamber begins to intake, building up pressure. Once the impact ends, the compressed air pushes the hammer upward, repeating the cycle to produce continuous impacts.

[0021] Furthermore, an inner tube connector is provided inside the upper end of the inner tube, and a ball valve seat is provided above the inner tube connector, with a steel ball inside the ball valve seat; a guide ring is provided between the inner tube and the outer tube, and a drill bit is provided at the end of the inner tube, with a circlip installed at the center of the drill bit through a circlip seat.

[0022] A drilling method using the aforementioned down-the-hole hammer includes the following steps: A wire rope connected to a winch is passed through a rotary joint and connected to a reaming head; the rotary joint is screwed onto the outer tube; compressed air is introduced through the rotary joint to push the turbine-type double-spring clamped wire rope core drilling down-the-hole hammer forward; the length of the wire rope fed in is measured; the down-the-hole hammer decelerates until it enters the bottom of the hole at a low speed; when the wire rope speed reaches 0, it indicates that the down-the-hole hammer has reached its position; during core drilling, compressed air continuously enters the outer tube through the rotary joint, utilizing the energy in the gas supplied by the air compressor during drilling to directly drive the piston (also called the impact hammer) inside the pneumatic hammer to form a reciprocating motion, continuously applying a certain frequency of impact load to the lower core inner tube; the turbine assembly rotates, thereby achieving impact rotary drilling; a small amount of compressed air passes through the annular cavity gap between the outer wall of the inner tube and the inner wall of the outer tube to reach the rock breaking surface, flushing the rock cuttings between the annular cavities; finally, the core inner tube is pulled out, completing one directional drilling core drilling operation.

[0023] Furthermore, when the steel wire rope is lowered into the hole, the upper and lower spring clips, under the tension of the springs, rapidly descend against the inner wall of the outer tube, respectively, and are lowered to the upper and lower parts of the spring clip chambers of the outer tube. The upper and lower spring clips extend and open to both sides, respectively locking onto the flanges of the upper and lower parts of the spring clip chambers, preventing the inner tube assembly from moving upwards or downwards, and suspending the inner tube assembly on the outer tube. When the rock core is retrieved, the retrieval device is deployed and the retrieval spearhead is pulled up. The retrieval clip slides upwards in the spring clip groove. When the inclined surfaces of its two wings contact the inclined surfaces of the upper spring clip, the upper spring clip is subjected to its closing force and overcomes the spring tension to close from the flange in the spring clip chamber, thus removing the limit. Continuing to pull up the retrieval device, the inner tube assembly and its rock core can be lifted from the bottom of the hole to the hole opening, completing the retrieval process.

[0024] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. This invention uses a double-spring cable mechanism to connect one end of the turbine of the turbine-type down-the-hole hammer through a live joint and bearing. The other end of the turbine-type down-the-hole hammer is connected to the inner tube through a joint. It does not use a drill rod to connect the drill bit, so there is no need for the drill rod to drive the impact head to rotate, thus eliminating the need for directional control and correction of the drill bit, and increasing the efficiency of exploration.

[0026] 2. This invention eliminates the complex gas distribution mechanism and replaces it with a simple gas distribution path, allowing for direct compressed air blowing and minimizing gas pressure loss; it also utilizes the expansion of compressed gas to do work, greatly reducing the gas consumption of the down-the-hole hammer.

[0027] 3. The present invention adopts a double spring clip structure, which can greatly improve the working reliability of the inner tube assembly of the wireline coring, which is conducive to improving drilling efficiency. The matching impactor has an anti-dry-firing function, which effectively avoids some accidents in the hole and is beneficial to drilling deep and ultra-deep holes.

[0028] 4. In this invention, neither the upper spring clip elastic pin nor the lower spring clip elastic pin bears shear force, reducing vulnerable parts and improving both the lifespan and safety and reliability of the inner tube of the rope core sampling device.

[0029] 5. This invention greatly enhances the impact force of the core drilling tool by releasing the air pressure energy through the reciprocating circulation within the down-the-hole hammer, avoiding the attenuation of the impact force of the down-the-hole hammer after the elasticity of the hammer spring and valve spring decreases; at the same time, this invention realizes the rotation of the drill bit and the inner tube of the core, avoiding the drill breakage and impact phenomena caused by the torque provided by the drill rod in existing drill tools.

[0030] 6. This invention is suitable for directional coring drilling, eliminating the need to remove the entire drill string, thus solving the problem of low drilling speed in complex sandstone or hard, fractured geological formations and greatly saving labor. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the double-spring mechanism;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a turbine-type down-the-hole hammer.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inner tube used for core extraction;

[0035] In the diagram, 1-spearhead; 2-spearhead rotating shaft; 3-conical shaft positioning pin; 4-lifting sleeve; 5-upper spring holder; 6-force transmission shaft; 7-plate spring; 8-upper spring holder; 9-lower spring holder sleeve;

[0036] 10-Outer pipe; 101-Upper part of spring clip chamber; 102-Lower part of spring clip chamber; 11-Lower spring clip; 12-Connecting pipe; 13-Turbine; 14-Check valve; 15-First air inlet; 16-Second air inlet; 17-Annular air passage;

[0037] 18-Inner cylinder; 19-Outer cylinder; 20-Exhaust port; 21-Inner pipe connector; 22-Guide ring;

[0038] 23-Inner tube; 24-Drill bit; 25-Snap ring; 26-Snap ring seat; 27-Snap ring retaining ring; 28-Ball valve seat; 29-Steel ball; 30-Connector; 31-Impact head; 32-Round key; 33-Piston;

[0039] 34-Third air inlet; 35-Air distribution rod; 36-Spring; 37-Bearing; 38-Joint; 39-Lower spring clip elastic pin; 40-Recovery stop; 41-Upper spring clip elastic pin; 42-Upper spring clip tension spring; 43-End cap; 44-Position alarm ring; 45-Lower spring clip tension spring. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To further disclose the invention's content, features, and effects, the following examples are provided and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Example: See Appendix Figure 1-4A turbine-type double-spring-clamped wireline coring down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling in hard rock includes a double-spring-clamped wireline mechanism, a turbine-type down-the-hole hammer, and a coring inner tube. The double-spring-clamped wireline mechanism is located in the upper part of the outer tube 10, and a drill bit 24 is provided at the lower end of the outer tube 10. The double-spring-clamped wireline mechanism is connected to one end of the turbine 13 of the turbine-type down-the-hole hammer through a union 38 and a bearing 37. The union 38 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting pipe 12, and the other end of the turbine-type down-the-hole hammer is connected to the inner tube 23 through a connector 30. The turbine 13 includes multiple rotors, and the length of the rotor is less than the distance from the outer circle of the rotating shaft to the inner wall of the outer tube 10. The rotors are staggered and spaced in the axial direction of the outer tube 10, and spaced in the cross-sectional direction of the outer tube 10 to form an airflow channel. When the airflow passes through the airflow channel, the force applied to the rotor will drive the rotor to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft, the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, and the coring inner tube to rotate.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the double-spring-loaded rope mechanism includes an upper spring-loaded clip 8 and a lower spring-loaded clip 11; the upper spring-loaded clip 8 and the lower spring-loaded clip 11 are either bidirectional limiting spring-loaded clips or unidirectional limiting suspension spring-loaded clips. The upper spring-loaded clip 8 is arranged in the spring-loaded clip groove of the upper spring-loaded clip seat 5, and a clip spring 7 is provided on the top of the upper spring-loaded clip 8. The lower spring-loaded clip 11 is arranged in the spring-loaded clip groove inside the lower spring-loaded clip sleeve 9; the upper spring-loaded clip 8 and the lower spring-loaded clip 11 are hinged to the upper spring-loaded clip seat 5 and the lower spring-loaded clip sleeve 9 respectively by the upper spring-loaded clip elastic pin 41 and the lower spring-loaded clip elastic pin 39; tension springs are installed on the inner sides of the upper spring-loaded clip 8 and the lower spring-loaded clip 11, and both can extend out of the spring-loaded clip groove under the tension of the tension springs. The tension spring on the upper spring clip 8 is the upper spring clip tension spring 42, and the tension spring on the lower spring clip 11 is the lower spring clip tension spring 45; the outer sides of the upper spring clip 8 and the lower spring clip 11 are inclined surfaces, and the upper spring clip 8 and the lower spring clip 11 are symmetrical about the recovery stop clip 40; the recovery stop clip 40 has sheet-like double wings on both sides to close the spring clips, and the round holes at both ends of the recovery stop clip 40 are respectively fitted onto the force transmission shaft 6, and the force transmission shaft 6 at both ends is respectively provided with upper spring clip elastic pin 41 and lower spring clip elastic pin 39.

[0043] The two wings of the recovery stop 40 are installed in the same spring clip slot as the upper spring clip 8, and can move freely within the spring clip slot to a certain distance. Under normal circumstances, under the action of the return spring and its own weight, the recovery stop is in the lower position, and the upper spring clip 8 is in its maximum free extension state. When the two wings of the recovery stop 40 contact the inclined surface of the spring clip, the upper spring clip 8 begins to retract until the spring clip limit is released. Continuing to pull up the retrieval spearhead 1 can retrieve the inner tube 23 assembly. Under the action of the return spring and its own weight, the recovery stop 40 returns to the lower position and separates from the upper spring clip 8, and the upper spring clip 8 is again in its maximum free extension state.

[0044] The upper spring clip 8 prevents the core tube from rising due to the upward force when the core enters the inner tube 23 or the rebound force when the impactor is working. The lower spring clip 11 serves two purposes: first, when the drill string is in the hoisting drilling state, it suspends the impactor and the entire core tube, disengaging the piston hammer inside the impactor and preventing the impactor from working, thus facilitating pre-drilling punching; second, when the impactor is removed for wireline coring rotary drilling, the lower spring clip 11 acts as a suspension mechanism for the core tube. This scheme adopts a double spring clip structure, which can significantly improve the working reliability of the wireline coring inner tube assembly, which is conducive to improving drilling efficiency. The matching impactor has an anti-dry-firing function, which effectively avoids some in-hole accidents and is beneficial for drilling deep and ultra-deep holes. In this scheme, the upper spring clip elastic pin 41 and the lower spring clip elastic pin 39 do not bear shear force, reducing vulnerable parts, which not only improves the service life of the wireline coring inner tube, but also improves the safety and reliability of the wireline coring inner tube.

[0045] The upper end of the double-spring-locking rope mechanism is provided with a spearhead 1. The lower part of the spearhead 1 is hinged to the upper part of the spearhead rotating shaft 2, allowing the spearhead 1 to rotate freely. A conical shaft positioning pin 45 is provided inside the spearhead rotating shaft 2. The upper spring-locking seat 5 is cylindrical, with spring-locking grooves arranged on its circumference. The inner hole of the upper spring-locking seat 5 is clearance-fitted with the spearhead rotating shaft 2 and the force transmission shaft 6. The spearhead rotating shaft 2 and the force transmission shaft 6 can move within the inner hole of the upper spring-locking seat 5, and the recovery stop 40 can slide within the spring-locking grooves. The bottom of the spearhead rotating shaft 2 is provided with a lifting sleeve 4. The lifting sleeve 4 is provided with a positioning alarm ring 44, and the bottom of the lifting sleeve 4 is provided with an end cap 43.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the turbine is equipped with an outer cylinder 19 and an inner cylinder 18 for a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer. An impact head 31 is located below the outer cylinder 19. A check valve 14 is located inside the upper end of the outer cylinder 19. An air distribution rod 35 is located below the check valve 14. A spring 36 is located at the top of the air distribution rod 35. When the drill bit is in the lifting state, the impact head 31 is equipped with a splined (or hexagonal) shaft. The impact head 31 is suspended on the lower connector of the outer cylinder 19 by a circular key 32. At this time, the piston 33 falls and presses on the impact head 31. The third air inlet 34 of the inner cylinder 18 is located in the upper cavity of the piston 33. The compressed air opens the check valve 14 and enters the upper cavity of the piston 33 through the first air inlet 15, the second air inlet 16 and the annular air passage 17 between the inner and outer cylinders. Then, it passes through the central hole of the piston 33 and the impact head 31 and reaches the bottom of the hole to blow out powder. This pneumatic method also avoids the possibility of piston 33 working when impact head 31 is suspended, thus preventing dry-firing.

[0047] The piston 33 undergoes three stages in both its impact and return strokes: intake, compressed air expansion, and piston inertial sliding. However, the length of each stage varies. To obtain greater impact power, sufficient intake length must be ensured during the impact stroke.

[0048] When the impact head 31 is pressed against the bottom of the hole for drilling, the impact head 31 and piston 33 move upward relative to the inner cylinder 18 and outer cylinder 19. The third air inlet 34 is connected to the lower chamber of the piston 33. At this time, the compressed air entering the first air inlet 15 goes through the throttle orifice of the air distribution rod 35, the central channel of the piston 33 and the impact head 31, and directly to the bottom of the hole to blow away the rock cuttings at the bottom of the hole, which is a direct blowing and dust removal air path. The other path is a large amount of compressed air entering the first air inlet 15, which enters the lower chamber of the piston 33 through the second air inlet 16, the annular air passage 17 and the third air inlet 34. The compressed air pushes the piston 33. Piston 33 accelerates upward, which is the intake stage. After piston 33 has moved upward a certain distance, the air passage into the lower chamber is cut off by the sealing surface in the middle of piston 33. Since the lower chamber is still a closed chamber, the high-pressure gas that has entered the lower chamber expands and does work, continuing to push piston 33 upward. This is the compressed air expansion stage. After piston 33 continues to move upward a certain distance, the compressed air in the lower chamber enters the center hole and bottom of the impact head 31 through the exhaust hole 20 and is depressurized. At this time, piston 33, which has gained a certain kinetic energy, can still continue to move upward by inertia. This is the piston inertia sliding stage.

[0049] Before the piston 33 moves upward due to inertia, the valve rod 35 is inserted into the central hole of the piston 33, forming a sealed upper chamber. At an appropriate time, the seal on the upper sealing surface of the piston 33 is released, allowing compressed air to enter the upper chamber through the third air inlet 34. The increase in air pressure in the upper chamber forces the piston 33 to stop moving upward, and then the intake air pushes the piston 33 to accelerate downward, i.e., the intake stage. When the upper sealing surface of the piston 33 enters the seal, the intake passage is cut off, and the piston 33 continues to move downward due to the expansion of the high-pressure gas already in the sealed upper chamber (i.e., the compressed air expansion stage). When the upper end of the piston 33 disengages from the valve rod 35, the compressed air in the upper chamber is discharged to the bottom of the hole through the piston 33 and the central hole of the impact head 31, and the pressure decreases. At this time, the piston 33 continues to move downward due to inertia to impact the tail of the impact head 31 (i.e., the piston inertial sliding stage). Just as the piston 33 is moving downward due to inertia to impact the impact head 31, its lower chamber begins to intake air and build up pressure. Once the impact ends, the compressed air pushes the hammer upward, and the cycle repeats, generating continuous impacts.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the inner tube 23 has an inner tube connector 21 inside the upper end, a ball valve seat 28 above the inner tube connector 21, and a steel ball 29 inside the ball valve seat 28; a guide ring 22 is provided between the inner tube 23 and the outer tube 10, and a drill bit 24 is provided at the end of the inner tube 23. A circlip 25 is installed at the center of the drill bit 24 through a circlip seat 26.

[0051] A drilling method using the aforementioned down-the-hole hammer includes the following steps: A wire rope connected to a winch is passed through a rotary joint and connected to the reaming head 1; the rotary joint is screwed onto the outer tube 10; compressed air is introduced through the rotary joint to push the turbine-type double-spring clamped wire rope core drilling down-the-hole hammer forward; the length of the wire rope fed in is measured; the down-the-hole hammer decelerates until it enters the bottom of the hole at a low speed; when the wire rope speed is 0, it indicates that the down-the-hole hammer has reached its position; during core drilling, compressed air continuously enters the outer tube 10 through the rotary joint, utilizing the energy in the gas supplied by the air compressor during drilling to directly drive the piston 33 (also called the impact hammer) inside the pneumatic hammer to form a reciprocating motion, continuously applying a certain frequency of impact load to the lower core inner tube; the turbine 13 assembly rotates, thereby achieving impact rotary drilling; a small amount of compressed air passes through the annular cavity gap between the outer wall of the inner tube 23 and the inner wall of the outer tube 10, reaching the rock breaking surface to flush away the rock cuttings between the annular cavities; finally, the core inner tube is pulled out, completing one directional drilling core drilling operation.

[0052] When the inner tube 23 assembly is inserted into the hole via the wire rope, the upper spring clip 8 and the lower spring clip 11, under the tension of the spring, rapidly descend against the inner wall of the outer tube 10, reaching the upper part 101 and the lower part 102 of the spring clip chamber, respectively. The upper spring clip 8 and the lower spring clip 11 extend outwards and lock onto the flanges of the upper part 101 and the lower part 102 of the spring clip chamber, respectively, preventing the inner tube 23 assembly from shifting upwards or downwards, thus securing the inner tube 23 assembly. The inner tube 23 assembly is suspended on the outer tube 10. When the rock core is retrieved, the retrieval device is deployed and the retrieval spearhead 1 is pulled up. The retrieval stop 40 slides upward in the spring clip groove. When the inclined surfaces of its two wings contact the inclined surfaces of the upper spring clip 8, the upper spring clip 8 is subjected to its retracting force and overcomes the spring tension to retract from the flange in the spring clip chamber, thus canceling the limit. By continuing to pull up the retrieval device, the inner tube 23 assembly and its rock core can be lifted from the bottom of the hole to the opening of the hole, completing the retrieval process.

[0053] During salvage and recovery, the force transmission sequence is from the salvage device to the salvage spearhead 1, then sequentially to the spearhead rotation shaft 2, the force transmission shaft 6, the upper cartridge holder 5, the lower cartridge sleeve 9, the turbine-type down-the-hole hammer, and finally to the inner tube 23 core tube. After the inner tube 23 assembly is deployed, the expansion of the lower cartridge holder 11 within the cartridge chamber abuts against the flange inside the cartridge chamber, suspending the inner tube 23 assembly. The entire weight of the inner tube 23 assembly is concentrated on the lower cartridge holder 11. The lower cartridge holder arranged on the rear side of the lower cartridge holder 11 can prevent the lower cartridge holder elastic pin 39 from being subjected to shear force and impact force, and it bears the shear force and the contact impact force that will exist when the inner tube 23 assembly is deployed.

[0054] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of the present invention, can make many other modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. These modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turbine-type double-spring wireline coring down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling in hard rock, characterized in that: The system includes a double-spring cable clamping mechanism, a turbine-type down-the-hole hammer, and a core-taking inner tube. The double-spring cable clamping mechanism is located in the upper part of the outer tube, with a drill bit at the lower end of the outer tube. The double-spring cable clamping mechanism connects one end of the turbine-type down-the-hole hammer via a union and a bearing, while the other end of the turbine-type down-the-hole hammer is connected to the inner tube via a connector. The turbine includes multiple rotors, with the rotor length being less than the distance from the outer circle of the shaft to the inner wall of the outer tube. The rotors are staggered and spaced along the axial direction of the outer tube, and spaced along the cross-sectional direction of the outer tube to form airflow channels. Airflow passes through the airflow... The force applied to the rotor during channeling will cause the rotor to rotate, thereby causing the rotating shaft, pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, and core tube to rotate; the double spring clip rope mechanism includes an upper spring clip and a lower spring clip; the upper spring clip is arranged in the spring clip slot of the upper spring clip seat, and the lower spring clip is arranged in the spring clip slot of the lower spring clip sleeve; the upper spring clip and the lower spring clip are hinged to the upper spring clip seat and the lower spring clip sleeve respectively by the upper spring clip elastic pin and the lower spring clip elastic pin; tension springs are installed on the inner side of the upper spring clip and the lower spring clip, and both can extend out of the spring clip slot under the tension of the springs; the upper spring clip and The outer side of the lower spring clip is sloped, and the two sides of the retrieval stop have sheet-like double wings for retracting the spring clips; the upper end of the double spring clip rope mechanism is equipped with a retrieval spearhead, the lower part of which is hinged to the upper part of the retrieval spear rotation shaft, allowing the retrieval spearhead to rotate freely, and a conical shaft positioning pin is provided inside the retrieval spear rotation shaft; the upper spring clip seat is cylindrical, with spring clip slots arranged on its circumference; the retrieval spear rotation shaft and the force transmission shaft can move within the inner hole of the upper spring clip seat, and the retrieval stop can slide within the spring clip slots; below the turbine are the outer and inner cylinders of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, and below the outer cylinder is a... The impact head has a check valve inside the upper end of the outer cylinder, and an air distribution rod below the check valve. A spring is installed on the top of the air distribution rod. A piston is installed inside the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer. When the drill bit is in the lifting state, the impact head is suspended on the lower connector of the outer cylinder by a circular key. At this time, the piston falls and presses on the impact head. The third air inlet of the inner cylinder is located in the upper chamber of the piston. Compressed air opens the check valve, and enters the upper chamber of the piston through the first air inlet, the second air inlet, and the annular air passage between the inner and outer cylinders. Then, it passes through the central hole of the piston and the impact head and reaches the bottom of the hole to blow out powder.

2. The turbine-type double-spring wireline coring down-the-hole hammer for hard rock directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the rotating shaft of the spear is provided with a lifting sleeve, the lifting sleeve is provided with a positioning alarm ring, and the bottom of the lifting sleeve is provided with an end cap.

3. The turbine-type double-spring wireline coring down-the-hole hammer for hard rock directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston's impact stroke and return stroke both go through three stages: intake, compressed air expansion, and piston inertial sliding.

4. The turbine-type double-spring wireline coring down-the-hole hammer for hard rock directional drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the impact head is pressing against the bottom of the hole for drilling, the impact head and piston move upward relative to the inner and outer cylinders. At this time, the compressed air entering the first air inlet goes through the throttle orifice of the air distribution rod, the piston and the central channel of the impact head directly to the bottom of the hole, and is used to blow away the rock cuttings at the bottom of the hole, which is the direct blowing and dust removal air path; another path is a large amount of compressed air entering the first air inlet, which enters the lower chamber of the piston through the second air inlet, the annular air passage and the third air inlet. The compressed air pushes the piston to accelerate upward, which is the air intake stage. After the piston has moved upward a certain distance, the air path into the lower chamber is cut off by the sealing surface in the middle of the piston. At this time, since its lower chamber is still a closed cavity, the high-pressure air that has entered the lower chamber expands and does work, continuing to push the piston upward, which is the compressed air expansion stage; after the piston continues to move upward a certain distance, the compressed air in the lower chamber enters the central hole of the impact head and the bottom of the hole through the exhaust hole to be depressurized. At this time, the piston, which has gained a certain kinetic energy, can still continue to move upward by inertia, which is the piston inertia sliding stage.

5. The turbine-type double-spring wireline coring down-the-hole hammer for hard rock directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tube has an inner tube connector at the upper end, a ball valve seat above the inner tube connector, and a steel ball inside the ball valve seat; a guide ring is provided between the inner tube and the outer tube, and a drill bit is provided at the end of the inner tube, with a circlip installed at the center of the drill bit through a circlip seat.

6. A drilling method using a turbine-type double-spring wireline coring down-the-hole hammer for hard rock directional drilling as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The wire rope connected to the winch is passed through the rotary joint and connected to the reaming head. The rotary joint is screwed onto the outer tube, and compressed air is introduced through the rotary joint to push the turbine-type double-spring clamped wire rope down-the-hole hammer forward, measuring the length of the wire rope fed in. The pneumatic down-the-hole hammer decelerates until it enters the bottom of the hole at a low speed. When the wire rope speed reaches 0, it indicates that the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer has reached its position. During core sampling, compressed air continuously enters the outer tube through the rotary joint. The energy in the gas supplied by the air compressor during drilling directly drives the piston inside the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer to form an up-and-down reciprocating motion, continuously applying an impact load to the lower core inner tube. The turbine rotates, thus achieving impact rotary drilling. A small amount of compressed air passes through the annular cavity gap between the outer wall of the inner tube and the inner wall of the outer tube to reach the rock breaking surface, flushing the rock cuttings between the annular cavities. Finally, the core inner tube is pulled out, completing one directional drilling core sampling operation.

7. A drilling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the steel wire rope is used to lower the inner tube into the borehole, the upper and lower spring clips, under the tension of the springs, rapidly descend against the inner wall of the outer tube, reaching the upper and lower parts of the spring clip chambers, respectively. The upper and lower spring clips extend outwards and lock onto the flanges at the upper and lower parts of the spring clip chambers, preventing the inner tube assembly from shifting upwards or downwards and suspending it on the outer tube. When retrieving the core, the retrieval device is deployed and the retrieval spearhead is pulled up. The retrieval clip slides upwards within the spring clip groove. When the inclined surfaces of its two wings contact the inclined surface of the upper spring clip, the upper spring clip is pulled back by its retracting force, overcoming the spring tension and retracting from the flange within the spring clip chamber, thus removing the limit. Continuing to pull up the retrieval device lifts the inner tube assembly and its core from the bottom of the borehole to the borehole opening, completing the retrieval process.

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