A micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered exit velocity and combustion chamber

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of jet propulsion technology, and provides a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocity and a combustion chamber. The micro-mixing nozzle structure comprises a mounting seat and a first nozzle unit; the first nozzle unit comprises a plurality of side-by-side arranged premixing micro-pipes, among which a part is reference position premixing micro-pipes and the other part is staggered position premixing micro-pipes; along the axial direction of the premixing micro-pipe, the premixing micro-pipe has an inlet end, an outlet end and a gas passage; the inlet end is provided with an oxidant inlet, and the side wall of the premixing micro-pipe is provided with a fuel inlet communicating with the gas passage; the effective areas of the oxidant inlets corresponding to the staggered position premixing micro-pipes and the reference position premixing micro-pipes are different, so that the jet velocities of the outlet ends of the staggered position premixing micro-pipes and the reference position premixing micro-pipes are different. The present application arranges the different premixing micro-pipes in a staggered manner according to the jet velocity, realizes the staggered arrangement of the flame delay time of the different premixing micro-pipes, effectively suppresses the combustion oscillation, and can ensure the stability of the flame combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of jet propulsion technology, and more particularly to a micro-mixing nozzle structure and combustion chamber with staggered exit velocities. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of jet propulsion, such as in aircraft engines, fuel and oxidizer are mixed and burned in the combustion chamber to provide high-temperature combustion gases for the aircraft. Therefore, the nozzle mixing design and combustion organization within the combustion chamber are crucial to determining the jet propulsion performance of an aircraft. Traditional equipment primarily uses hydrocarbon fuels as its main feedstock, but driven by the goal of low-carbon and clean energy, flexible combustion with hydrogen as the primary fuel is becoming an important trend for the future. Due to the extremely fast reaction speed and high flame temperature of hydrogen, traditional combustion chambers and nozzles cannot directly burn hydrogen, increasing the risk of backfire, significantly increasing the risk of combustion instability, and affecting the uniformity of mixing. New combustion methods must be considered. Micro-mixing combustion technology achieves ultra-low emissions by reducing the scale of fuel-air mixing and enhancing outlet uniformity, while the high-speed jet at the outlet has strong resistance to backfire and flexible fuel adaptability.

[0003] Traditional combustion chambers cannot achieve safe and efficient combustion of flexible fuels, primarily hydrogen. While current micro-hybrid combustion technology can achieve flexible fuel combustion, due to the unreasonable design of existing nozzle structures, practical applications suffer from poor low-load stability, a limited efficient operating load range, flame oscillations, and higher NOx emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a micro-mixing nozzle structure and combustion chamber with staggered outlet velocities to solve the problem of poor flame combustion stability in nozzles currently designed based on micro-mixing combustion technology.

[0005] This invention provides a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities, comprising: a mounting base and a first nozzle unit;

[0006] The first nozzle unit is disposed on the mounting base; the first nozzle unit includes a plurality of premixed microtubes arranged side by side, a portion of which is a reference premixed microtube and another portion is an interleaved premixed microtube;

[0007] Along the axial direction of the premixed microtube, the premixed microtube has an inlet end and an outlet end, and a gas channel formed between the inlet end and the outlet end; the inlet end is provided with an oxidant inlet, and the sidewall of the premixed microtube is provided with a fuel inlet communicating with the gas channel;

[0008] The effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the staggered premixed microtube is different from that of the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the reference premixed microtube, so that the mixed gas composed of fuel and oxidant reaches different jet velocities at the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube and the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube.

[0009] According to the invention, a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities is provided, wherein the inner diameters of the gas channels at each axial position corresponding to the staggered premixing microtubes are the same, and at least one oxidant inlet is provided at the inlet end, wherein the diameter of the oxidant inlet is smaller than the inner diameter of the gas channel corresponding to the inlet end.

[0010] According to the invention, a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities is provided, wherein the gas channel corresponding to the staggered premixing microtube includes a first straight section, a first contraction section, and a second straight section.

[0011] The first straight section, the first constriction section, and the second straight section are connected in sequence. The oxidant inlet is formed at the end of the first straight section away from the first constriction section, and the fuel inlet is located on the side wall corresponding to the second straight section. The end of the second straight section away from the first constriction section is formed as the outlet end.

[0012] According to the invention, a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities is provided, wherein the gas channel corresponding to the staggered premixing microtube includes a third straight section and a second converging section.

[0013] The oxidant inlet is formed at the first end of the third straight section, the second end of the third straight section is connected to the large-diameter end of the second constriction section, the fuel inlet is located on the side wall corresponding to the third straight section, and the small-diameter end of the second constriction section is formed as the outlet end.

[0014] According to the invention, a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities is provided, wherein the jet velocity satisfies the following formula:

[0015]

[0016] In the above formula, u1 represents the jet velocity, u2 represents the gas velocity at the oxidant inlet side, Δp represents the pressure drop before and after gas inlet in the premixed microtube, A represents the total effective cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel between the oxidant inlet and outlet ends of the premixed microtube, A1 represents the effective area at the outlet end of the premixed microtube, and ρ represents the fluid density.

[0017] According to the invention, a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities is provided, wherein the inlet end of the reference premixing microtube and the inlet end of the staggered premixing microtube are flush, and the outlet end of the reference premixing microtube and the outlet end of the staggered premixing microtube are flush.

[0018] Alternatively, along the axial direction of the reference premixed microtube, the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube protrudes from the front side of the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube, or the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube is recessed to the rear side of the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube.

[0019] According to the invention, a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities is provided, on a projection plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the reference premixing microtube, the projections of multiple reference premixing microtubes and multiple staggered premixing microtubes are arranged in an array to form a projection array.

[0020] According to the invention, a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities is provided, in each row of the projection array, the projection of the reference premixing microtube and the projection of the staggered premixing microtube are alternately arranged.

[0021] Alternatively, the projection array includes a first type of projection row formed based on the projection of the reference premixed microtube and a second type of projection row formed based on the projection of the staggered premixed microtube; wherein the first type of projection row and the second type of projection row are alternately arranged row by row; or, both the first type of projection row and the second type of projection row have multiple rows, the multiple rows of the first type of projection row form a first projection array, the multiple rows of the second type of projection row form a second projection array, and the first projection array and the second projection array are alternately arranged;

[0022] Alternatively, the projection array may include a first rectangular projection array formed based on the projection of the reference premixed microtube and a second rectangular projection array formed based on the projection of the staggered premixed microtube; the first rectangular projection array and the second rectangular projection array may be arranged in an array.

[0023] Alternatively, in the projection array, the projections of the multiple staggered premixed microtubes are discretely distributed and located between the projections of the multiple reference premixed microtubes.

[0024] According to the invention, a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities is provided, the micro-mixing nozzle structure further includes a second nozzle unit and a third nozzle unit;

[0025] The second nozzle unit includes a plurality of reference position premixed microtubes arranged side by side, and the third nozzle unit includes a plurality of staggered position premixed microtubes arranged side by side; the second nozzle unit and the third nozzle unit are respectively disposed on the mounting base and arranged side by side with the first nozzle unit;

[0026] Among them, at least two of the first nozzle unit, the second nozzle unit and the third nozzle unit are arranged sequentially along the circumference;

[0027] Alternatively, any one of the first nozzle unit, the second nozzle unit, and the third nozzle unit may be located at the center position, and at least two of the first nozzle unit, the second nozzle unit, and the third nozzle unit may be arranged in a circular pattern around the center position.

[0028] The present invention also provides a combustion chamber comprising a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0029] This invention provides a micro-mixing nozzle structure and combustion chamber with staggered outlet velocities. By arranging multiple staggered premixing microtubes side-by-side among multiple reference premixing microtubes, and by setting the effective area of ​​the oxidizer inlet of the staggered premixing microtubes to be different from that of the reference premixing microtubes, the jet velocities of the mixed gas at the outlet ends of the staggered and reference premixing microtubes are different. This allows for adjustment of the flame delay time of the reference and staggered premixing microtubes, achieving a staggered arrangement of reference and staggered premixing microtubes with different flame delay times. This effectively suppresses combustion oscillations, ensures flame combustion stability, and increases the service life and safety of the combustion chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the reference position premixed microtube provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This invention provides Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0034] Figure 4 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the staggered premixed microtubes provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This invention provides Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0036] Figure 6 This is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the staggered premixed microtube provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This invention provides Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0038] Figure 8 This is the third three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the staggered premixed microtube provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This invention provides Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0040] Figure 10 This is the fourth three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the staggered premixed microtube provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 11 This invention provides Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0042] Figure 12 This is one of the schematic diagrams showing the arrangement of the reference position premixed microtube and the staggered position premixed microtube corresponding to the first nozzle unit provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 13 This is the second schematic diagram of the arrangement of the reference position premixed microtube and the staggered position premixed microtube corresponding to the first nozzle unit provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 14 This is the third schematic diagram of the arrangement of the reference position premixed microtube and the staggered position premixed microtube corresponding to the first nozzle unit provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 15 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the arrangement of the reference position premixed microtube and the staggered position premixed microtube corresponding to the first nozzle unit provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 16 This is the fifth schematic diagram of the arrangement of the reference position premixed microtube and the staggered position premixed microtube corresponding to the first nozzle unit provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 17 This is the second schematic diagram of the micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 18 This invention provides Figure 17 The corresponding three-dimensional structural diagram;

[0049] Figure 19 This is the third schematic diagram of the micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 20 This invention provides Figure 19The corresponding three-dimensional structural diagram;

[0051] Figure 21 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 22 This invention provides Figure 21 The corresponding three-dimensional structural diagram;

[0053] Figure label:

[0054] 1. Mounting base; 11. Mounting holes;

[0055] 2. First nozzle unit; 21. Premixed microtube; 201. Reference premixed microtube; 202. Interleaved premixed microtube; 211. Premixed microtube body; 212. Fuel inlet; 213. Oxidant inlet; 2021. First straight section; 2022. First contraction section; 2023. Second straight section; 2031. Third straight section; 2032. Second contraction section;

[0056] 3. Second nozzle unit; 4. Third nozzle unit. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0058] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 22 The micro-mixing nozzle structure and combustion chamber with staggered outlet velocities provided in this invention will be described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0059] In the first aspect, such as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities, comprising: a mounting base 1 and a first nozzle unit 2.

[0060] The first nozzle unit 2 is mounted on the mounting base 1; the first nozzle unit 2 includes a plurality of premixed microtubes 21 arranged side by side, a portion of which is a reference premixed microtube 201 and another portion is an interleaved premixed microtube 202.

[0061] The premixed microtube 21 has a premixed microtube body 211. Along the axial direction of the premixed microtube 21, the premixed microtube 21 has an inlet end and an outlet end disposed on the premixed microtube body 211, and a gas channel formed between the inlet end and the outlet end. The inlet end of the premixed microtube body 211 is provided with an oxidant inlet 213, and the side wall of the premixed microtube 21 is provided with a fuel inlet 212 that communicates with the gas channel.

[0062] The oxidant inlet 213 is used to supply gaseous oxidants such as air or high-purity oxygen, while the fuel inlet 212 is used to supply gaseous fuels such as hydrogen or carbon monoxide. The shape of the fuel inlet 212 can be circular, elliptical, triangular, rectangular, "D"-shaped, or other shapes, without specific limitations. In this way, the oxidant and fuel mix within the gas channel to form a mixed gas, which is then discharged at high speed from the outlet end of the premixed microtube body 211.

[0063] Furthermore, the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the staggered premixed microtube 202 is different from that of the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the reference premixed microtube 201, so that the mixed gas composed of fuel and oxidant reaches different jet velocities at the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube 202 and the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube 201, thereby achieving staggered flame delay times of the staggered premixed microtube 202 and the reference premixed microtube 201.

[0064] Understandably, after fuel and oxidant are introduced into the reference premixed microtube 201, the fuel and oxidant are fully mixed during the flow process in the reference premixed microtube 201, and then discharged at high speed from the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube 201, and can be ignited and burned.

[0065] Accordingly, after fuel and oxidant are introduced into the staggered premixed microtube 202, the fuel and oxidant are fully mixed during the flow process in the staggered premixed microtube 202, and then discharged at high speed from the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube 202, and can be ignited and burned.

[0066] The ratio of the number of staggered premixed microtubes 202 to the total number of reference premixed microtubes 201 and staggered premixed microtubes 202 in the first nozzle unit 2 can be 0.1 to 0.5.

[0067] In practical applications, this embodiment can set the staggered premixed microtube 202 and the reference premixed microtube 201 to the same length along the axial direction of the reference premixed microtube 201, so that the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube 202 is flush with the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube 201, while the inlet end of the staggered premixed microtube 202 is flush with the inlet end of the reference premixed microtube 201.

[0068] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the number and diameter of the oxidant inlets of the staggered premixed microtube 202 can be set, or, in the case where the oxidant inlets of the staggered premixed microtube 202 and the oxidant inlets of the reference premixed microtube 201 are configured with the same structure, this embodiment can also set the gas path structures corresponding to the staggered premixed microtube 202 and the reference premixed microtube 201 to be different, so that the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the staggered premixed microtube 202 is different from that of the reference premixed microtube 201, thereby achieving different jet velocities of the mixed gas at the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube 202 and the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube 201.

[0069] Since the flame lengths corresponding to the respective outlet ends of the staggered premixed microtube 202 and the reference premixed microtube 201 are usually kept relatively constant, the flame delay time of the reference premixed microtube 201 and the staggered premixed microtube 202 will vary depending on the jet velocity.

[0070] As can be seen from the above, this embodiment, by arranging multiple staggered premixed microtubes 202 side by side among multiple reference premixed microtubes 201, can adjust the flame delay time of the reference premixed microtubes 201 and the flame delay time of the reference premixed microtubes 202 by setting the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the staggered premixed microtubes 202 to be different from that of the reference premixed microtubes 201. This results in different jet velocities of the mixed gas at the outlet ends of the staggered premixed microtubes 202 and the reference premixed microtubes 201, thereby achieving the staggered arrangement of the reference premixed microtubes 201 and the staggered premixed microtubes 202 with different flame delay times. This effectively suppresses combustion oscillations, ensures flame combustion stability, and increases the service life and safety of the combustion chamber.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the reference premixed microtube 201 has a straight tube structure. The inner diameter of each axial position of the gas channel corresponding to the reference premixed microtube 201 is the same, so that the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet 213 corresponding to the reference premixed microtube 201 is the same as the effective area of ​​the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube 201.

[0072] In some examples, in order to improve the premixing effect of fuel and oxidant, multiple fuel inlets 212 can be provided for the reference premixing microtube 201. The multiple fuel inlets 212 can be divided into multiple rows along the axial direction of the premixing microtube body 211, and the multiple fuel inlets 212 corresponding to each row are arranged in a circle relative to the central axis of the premixing microtube body 211.

[0073] In some examples, in order to improve the premixing effect of fuel and oxidant, multiple fuel inlets 212 may be provided for the reference premixing microtube 201 in this embodiment, and the multiple fuel inlets 212 are arranged in a spiral trajectory relative to the central axis of the premixing microtube body 211.

[0074] Furthermore, in order to make the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the staggered premixed microtube 202 different from the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the reference premixed microtube 201, the structure of the staggered premixed microtube 202 can be specifically configured with reference to the following embodiments.

[0075] In some embodiments, the gas channels corresponding to the staggered premixed microtubes 202 have the same inner diameter at each axial position, and the inlet end is provided with at least one oxidant inlet 213, the diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding inlet end of the gas channel.

[0076] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the staggered premixed microtube 202 has multiple oxidant inlets 213, which are arranged circumferentially at the inlet end of the staggered premixed microtube 202 relative to its central axis. The total area of ​​the multiple oxidant inlets 213 is smaller than the area of ​​the outlet end of the gas channel, resulting in an effective area of ​​the oxidant inlets of the staggered premixed microtube 202 that is different from the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the reference premixed microtube 201.

[0077] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the staggered premixed microtube 202 is equipped with one oxidant inlet 213, which is configured to be coaxial with the gas channel. That is, the oxidant inlet 213 is coaxial with the corresponding outlet end of the gas channel. However, the area of ​​the oxidant inlet 213 is smaller than the area of ​​the corresponding outlet end of the gas channel, so that the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the staggered premixed microtube 202 is different from the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the reference premixed microtube 201.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the gas channel corresponding to the staggered premixed microtube 202 includes a first straight section 2021, a first contraction section 2022, and a second straight section 2023.

[0079] The first straight section 2021, the first contraction section 2022, and the second straight section 2023 are connected in sequence. The oxidant inlet 213 is formed at the end of the first straight section 2021 away from the first contraction section 2022. The fuel inlet 212 is located on the side wall corresponding to the second straight section 2023. The end of the second straight section 2023 away from the first contraction section 2022 is formed as the outlet end.

[0080] Since a first contraction section 2022 is provided in the gas channel, the flow area of ​​the oxidant through the first contraction section 2022 is smaller than the flow area of ​​the inlet and outlet ends of the staggered premixed microtube 202. This makes the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the staggered premixed microtube 202 different from the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the reference premixed microtube 201.

[0081] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the gas channel corresponding to the staggered premixed microtube 202 includes a third straight section 2031 and a second constriction section 2032.

[0082] The oxidant inlet 213 is formed as the first end of the third straight section 2031, the second end of the third straight section 2031 is connected to the large-diameter end of the second constriction section 2032, the fuel inlet 212 is provided on the side wall corresponding to the third straight section 2031, and the small-diameter end of the second constriction section 2032 is formed as the outlet end.

[0083] Since the diameter of the small-diameter end of the second contraction section 2032 is smaller than the diameter of the first end of the third straight section 2031, the diameter of the oxidant inlet 213 of the staggered premixed microtube 202 is larger than the diameter of the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube 202. This makes the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the staggered premixed microtube 202 different from the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the reference premixed microtube 201. Furthermore, since the staggered premixed microtube 202 is equipped with the second contraction section 2032, the staggered premixed microtube 202 has a higher jet velocity than the reference premixed microtube 201, which can prevent backfire during flame combustion.

[0084] It should be noted that the sidewall of the staggered premixed microtube 202 is provided with multiple fuel inlets 212. The configuration structure of each fuel inlet 212 on the staggered premixed microtube 202 is the same as that of each fuel inlet 212 on the reference premixed microtube 201, and will not be described in detail here.

[0085] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to facilitate the side-by-side installation of multiple premixed microtubes 21 on the mounting base 1, the mounting base 1 is provided with multiple mounting holes 11, which are arranged one-to-one with the multiple premixed microtubes 21.

[0086] In practical applications, this embodiment can be configured such that the inlet ends of multiple reference position premixed microtubes 201 and the inlet ends of multiple staggered position premixed microtubes 202 are flush, and the outlet ends of multiple reference position premixed microtubes 201 and the outlet ends of multiple staggered position premixed microtubes 202 are flush.

[0087] Of course, in this embodiment, the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube 202 can be set to protrude from the front side of the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube 201 along the axial direction of the reference premixed microtube 201, or the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube 202 can be recessed to the rear side of the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube 201. This can effectively suppress the thermoacoustic oscillations generated during combustion when combustion is organized simultaneously based on multiple reference premixed microtubes 201 and multiple staggered premixed microtubes 202, thereby ensuring the stability of flame combustion and improving the flame combustion effect of the micro-mixing nozzle structure.

[0088] Furthermore, the above embodiments can also be configured according to actual needs to set the gas path structure corresponding to the reference position premixed microtube 201 and the staggered position premixed microtube 202 so that the mixed gas composed of fuel and oxidant reaches different jet velocities at the outlet end of the staggered position premixed microtube 202 and the outlet end of the reference position premixed microtube 201.

[0089] The jet velocity corresponding to the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube 201 and the staggered premixed microtube 202 is determined by the gas flow velocity on the oxidant inlet side, the total effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet and outlet ends, and the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet.

[0090] In some embodiments, the jet velocity shown in the above embodiments satisfies the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] In the above formula, u1 represents the jet velocity, u2 represents the gas velocity at the oxidant inlet side, Δp represents the pressure drop before and after gas inlet in the premixed microtube, A represents the total effective cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel between the oxidant inlet and outlet ends of the premixed microtube, A1 represents the effective area at the outlet end of the premixed microtube, and ρ represents the fluid density.

[0093] In practical applications, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, for the reference premixed microtube 201, the inlet and outlet diameters of the reference premixed microtube 201 are consistent, and the inlet of the reference premixed microtube 201 serves as the oxidant inlet. Here, the effective area of ​​the outlet of the reference premixed microtube 201 is set to A1, and its geometric area is A. 10 Of course, the effective area at the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube 202 can also be denoted as A1, and its geometric area is A. 10.

[0094] like Figures 4 to 11 As shown, for Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 The four types of staggered-position premixed microtubes 202 have different structures for their oxidant inlets. Therefore, the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of each staggered-position premixed microtube 202 is set as A2, and its geometric area is A. 20 .

[0095] Furthermore, the effective area A1 of the outlet end of the premixed microtube is obtained by referring to the following formula:

[0096] A1=Cd1A 10 ;

[0097] In the above formula, Cd1 represents the flow coefficient, which can be 0.5 to 0.8.

[0098] The effective area A2 of the oxidant inlet of the premixed microtube is obtained by referring to the following formula:

[0099] A2=Cd2A 20 ;

[0100] In the above formula, Cd2 represents the flow coefficient, which can range from 0.8 to 1.0.

[0101] From the continuity equation, we can obtain:

[0102] In the above formula, U1 represents the volumetric flow rate, u2 represents the jet velocity, and u2 represents the gas velocity at the oxidant inlet side.

[0103] To ensure that the pressure drop Δp in the reference premixed microtube 201 and the staggered premixed microtube 202 remains constant before and after the air intake, the total effective cross-sectional area A of the flow channel between the oxidant inlet and outlet of the reference premixed microtube 201 and the staggered premixed microtube 202 remains constant.

[0104]

[0105] According to Bernoulli's equation: It can be seen that the total pressure drop before and after air intake in different premixed microtubes remains constant, that is, the total pressure drop is a constant C. The total pressure drop can be determined by the following equation:

[0106]

[0107] In the above formula, Δp1 represents the pressure drop at the oxidant inlet side of the premixed microtube, Δp2 represents the pressure drop at the outlet end of the premixed microtube, and ρ represents the fluid density.

[0108] Combining the above formulas, we can obtain the equation characterizing the jet velocity u1 of the premixed microtube 21:

[0109]

[0110] It should be noted that practical jet propulsion combustion systems generally operate under turbulent conditions, with the combustion flow entering the self-mode region, where the flame length L... f Generally, it remains relatively unchanged.

[0111] Thus, in this invention, by adjusting the jet velocity u1 of the premixed microtube 21, the flame delay time τ can be adjusted, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing combustion oscillation.

[0112]

[0113] Based on the above relationship, premixed microtubes with different jet velocities can be designed to obtain the micromixed nozzle structure with different staggered delay times shown in this application.

[0114] like Figures 12 to 16 As shown, in this embodiment, the projection of the reference premixed microtube 201 and the arrangement of the staggered premixed microtubes 202 can be set according to actual needs to ensure that the expected flame combustion effect is achieved based on the micromixed nozzle structure.

[0115] The flame delay time of the staggered premixed microtube 202 is different from that of the reference premixed microtube 201. Alternatively, in this embodiment, the gas path structure corresponding to each staggered premixed microtube 202 can be different, resulting in different jet velocities at the outlet of each staggered premixed microtube 202, thereby achieving different flame delay times for each staggered premixed microtube 202.

[0116] In some examples, on a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the reference premixed microtube 201, the projections of multiple reference premixed microtubes 201 and multiple staggered premixed microtubes 202 are arranged in an array to form a projection array.

[0117] The following section uses a 4×4 projection array formed by the projections of the reference premixed microtube 201 and the staggered premixed microtube 202 as an example to illustrate the specific arrangement of the reference premixed microtube 201 and the staggered premixed microtube 202.

[0118] like Figure 12 As shown, in each row of the projection array shown in the above embodiment, the projection of the reference position premixed microtube 201 and the projection of the staggered position premixed microtube 202 are alternately arranged.

[0119] Thus, in the physical arrangement structure corresponding to each row within the projection array, the arrangement of the reference position premixed microtube 201 and the staggered position premixed microtube 202 is as follows: reference position premixed microtube 201 - staggered position premixed microtube 202 - reference position premixed microtube 201 - staggered position premixed microtube 202.

[0120] like Figure 13 As shown, the projection array in the above embodiment includes a first type of projection row formed by projection based on the reference position premixed microtube 201 and a second type of projection row formed by projection based on the staggered position premixed microtube 202. Both the first and second type of projection rows have multiple rows, and the first and second type of projection rows are arranged alternately.

[0121] Thus, in the physical arrangement structure corresponding to the projection array, the first row is composed of multiple reference position premixed microtubes 201 arranged side by side, the second row is composed of multiple staggered position premixed microtubes 202 arranged side by side, the third row is composed of multiple reference position premixed microtubes 201 arranged side by side, and the fourth row is composed of multiple staggered position premixed microtubes 202 arranged side by side.

[0122] like Figure 14 As shown in the above embodiment, both the first type of projection row and the second type of projection row have multiple rows. The multiple rows of the first type of projection row form a first projection array, and the multiple rows of the second type of projection row form a second projection array. The first projection array and the second projection array are arranged alternately.

[0123] Thus, in the physical arrangement structure corresponding to the projection array, the first and second rows are both composed of multiple reference position premixed microtubes 201 arranged side by side, and the third and fourth rows are both composed of multiple staggered position premixed microtubes 202 arranged side by side.

[0124] like Figure 15 As shown, the projection array in the above embodiment includes a first rectangular projection array formed by the projection of the reference position premixed microtube 201 and a second rectangular projection array formed by the projection of the staggered position premixed microtube 202; the first rectangular projection array and the second rectangular projection array are arranged in an array.

[0125] Thus, in the solid arrangement structure corresponding to the projection array, four reference position premixed microtubes 201 form a first solid array corresponding to the first rectangular projection array, and four staggered position premixed microtubes 202 form a second solid array corresponding to the second rectangular projection array. The first solid array and the second solid array are arranged in an array again, and in each row after the array is formed, the first solid array and the second solid array are alternately set.

[0126] like Figure 16As shown, in the projection array of the above embodiment, the projections of multiple staggered premixed microtubes 202 are discretely distributed and distributed between the projections of multiple reference premixed microtubes 201.

[0127] Thus, in the physical arrangement structure corresponding to the projection array, multiple staggered premixed microtubes 202 are randomly distributed among multiple reference premixed microtubes 201.

[0128] It should be noted that the reference position premixed microtube 201 and the staggered position premixed microtube 202 corresponding to the first nozzle unit 2 shown in this embodiment can not only be arranged in an array within a rectangular area, but also arranged in concentric circles relative to the center of the fan-shaped area within a fan-shaped area, and can also be arranged in concentric circles relative to the center of the circular area within a circular area.

[0129] In some embodiments, such as Figures 17 to 22 As shown, the micro-mixing nozzle structure also includes a second nozzle unit 3 and a third nozzle unit 4.

[0130] The second nozzle unit 3 includes multiple reference premixed microtubes 201 arranged side by side, with their inlet ends and outlet ends flush. The jet velocity at the outlet end of each reference premixed microtube 201 is the same.

[0131] The third nozzle unit 4 includes multiple staggered premixed microtubes 202 arranged side by side. The inlet ends of the multiple staggered premixed microtubes 202 are flush, and the outlet ends of the multiple staggered premixed microtubes 202 are flush. The jet velocity at the outlet end of each staggered premixed microtube 202 can be the same or different, and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0132] Meanwhile, the second nozzle unit 3 and the third nozzle unit 4 are respectively mounted on the mounting base 1, and the second nozzle unit 3 and the third nozzle unit 4 are arranged side by side with the first nozzle unit 2.

[0133] Understandably, the air outlets of the second nozzle unit 3 and the third nozzle unit 4 are oriented in the same direction as the air outlet of the first nozzle unit 2.

[0134] The arrangement of the reference premixed microtube 201 corresponding to the second nozzle unit 3 on the mounting base 1 is the same as that of the reference premixed microtube 201 corresponding to the first nozzle unit 2 on the mounting base 1.

[0135] Correspondingly, the arrangement of the staggered premixed microtubes 202 corresponding to the third nozzle unit 4 on the mounting base 1 is the same as the arrangement of the staggered premixed microtubes 202 corresponding to the first nozzle unit 2 on the mounting base 1.

[0136] Among them, for each staggered premixed microtube 202 corresponding to the third nozzle unit 4, the internal gas path structure corresponding to each staggered premixed microtube 202 can be the same or different, and no specific limitation is made in this regard.

[0137] In some embodiments, when the combustion chamber adapted to the micro-mixing nozzle structure is an annular combustion chamber, at least two of the first nozzle unit 2, the second nozzle unit 3, and the third nozzle unit 4 can be arranged in a circular pattern around the center of the annular combustion chamber.

[0138] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, for the annular combustion chamber, the mounting base 1 is annular, and the arrangement areas of the first nozzle unit 2, the second nozzle unit 3 and the third nozzle unit 4 on the mounting base 1 are all fan-shaped.

[0139] Among them, the first nozzle unit 2, the second nozzle unit 3, the third nozzle unit 4, the second nozzle unit 3, the third nozzle unit 4, the second nozzle unit 3, the third nozzle unit 4, and the second nozzle unit 3 are arranged alternately around the center of the mounting base 1.

[0140] like Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, for the annular combustion chamber, the mounting base 1 is annular, and the corresponding arrangement areas of the first nozzle unit 2, the second nozzle unit 3 and the third nozzle unit 4 on the mounting base 1 are all circular.

[0141] The second nozzle unit 3, the third nozzle unit 4, the first nozzle unit 2, the second nozzle unit 3, the third nozzle unit 4, the second nozzle unit 3 and the third nozzle unit 4 are arranged alternately around the center of the mounting base 1.

[0142] In some embodiments, when the combustion chamber adapted to the micro-mixing nozzle structure is a single-cylinder combustion chamber, any one of the first nozzle unit 2, the second nozzle unit 3, and the third nozzle unit 4 can be located at the center position, and at least two of the first nozzle unit 2, the second nozzle unit 3, and the third nozzle unit 4 can be arranged in a circular arrangement around the center position.

[0143] like Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, the mounting base 1 is disc-shaped, and the third nozzle unit 4 is located at the center of the mounting base 1. The mounting base 1 is arranged around the center, with the first nozzle unit 2, the second nozzle unit 3 and the third nozzle unit 4 arranged alternately around the third nozzle unit 4 located at the center.

[0144] As can be seen from the above, the micro-mixing nozzle structure of this invention can achieve efficient combustion of flexible fuels, mainly hydrogen fuel, through micro-mixing combustion technology, achieving low-carbon or even zero-carbon emissions. Furthermore, by designing the jet velocity of multiple reference-position premixing microtubes 201 and multiple staggered-position premixing microtubes 202, the flame delay time of the reference-position premixing microtubes 201 and staggered-position premixing microtubes 202 can be adjusted. This allows for the staggered arrangement of reference-position premixing microtubes 201 and staggered-position premixing microtubes 202 with different flame delay times, thereby effectively suppressing combustion oscillations, ensuring flame combustion stability, and increasing the service life and safety of the combustion chamber.

[0145] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a combustion chamber comprising a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities as described above.

[0146] Specifically, since the combustion chamber includes a micro-mixing nozzle structure, and the specific structure of the micro-mixing nozzle structure is as described in the above embodiments, the combustion chamber of this embodiment includes all the technical solutions of the above embodiments. Therefore, it has at least all the beneficial effects achieved by all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0147] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities, characterized in that, include: Mounting base and first nozzle unit; The first nozzle unit is disposed on the mounting base; the first nozzle unit includes a plurality of premixed microtubes arranged side by side, a portion of which is a reference premixed microtube and another portion is an interleaved premixed microtube; Along the axial direction of the premixed microtube, the premixed microtube has an inlet end and an outlet end, and a gas channel formed between the inlet end and the outlet end; the inlet end is provided with an oxidant inlet, and the sidewall of the premixed microtube is provided with a fuel inlet communicating with the gas channel; The effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the staggered premixed microtube is different from that of the effective area of ​​the oxidant inlet of the reference premixed microtube, so that the mixed gas composed of fuel and oxidant reaches different jet velocities at the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube and the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube.

2. The micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas channels at each axial position of the staggered premixed microtubes have the same inner diameter, and the inlet end is provided with at least one oxidant inlet, the diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the gas channel corresponding to the inlet end.

3. The micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas channel corresponding to the staggered premixed microtube includes a first straight section, a first contraction section, and a second straight section. The first straight section, the first constriction section, and the second straight section are connected in sequence. The oxidant inlet is formed at the end of the first straight section away from the first constriction section, and the fuel inlet is located on the side wall corresponding to the second straight section. The end of the second straight section away from the first constriction section is formed as the outlet end.

4. The micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas channel corresponding to the staggered premixed microtube includes a third straight section and a second constriction section; The oxidant inlet is formed at the first end of the third straight section, the second end of the third straight section is connected to the large-diameter end of the second constriction section, the fuel inlet is located on the side wall corresponding to the third straight section, and the small-diameter end of the second constriction section is formed as the outlet end.

5. The micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet velocity satisfies the following formula: In the above formula, u1 represents the jet velocity, u2 represents the gas velocity at the oxidant inlet side, Δp represents the pressure drop before and after gas inlet in the premixed microtube, A represents the total effective cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel between the oxidant inlet and outlet ends of the premixed microtube, A1 represents the effective area at the outlet end of the premixed microtube, and ρ represents the fluid density.

6. The micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The inlet end of the reference position premixed microtube is flush with the inlet end of the staggered position premixed microtube, and the outlet end of the reference position premixed microtube is flush with the outlet end of the staggered position premixed microtube. Alternatively, along the axial direction of the reference premixed microtube, the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube protrudes from the front side of the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube, or the outlet end of the staggered premixed microtube is recessed to the rear side of the outlet end of the reference premixed microtube.

7. The micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, On a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the reference premixed microtube, the projections of multiple reference premixed microtubes and multiple staggered premixed microtubes are arranged in an array to form a projection array.

8. The micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities according to claim 7, characterized in that, In each row of the projection array, the projections of the reference premixed microtube and the projections of the staggered premixed microtube are alternately arranged. Alternatively, the projection array includes a first type of projection row formed based on the projection of the reference premixed microtube and a second type of projection row formed based on the projection of the staggered premixed microtube; wherein the first type of projection row and the second type of projection row are alternately arranged row by row; or, both the first type of projection row and the second type of projection row have multiple rows, the multiple rows of the first type of projection row form a first projection array, the multiple rows of the second type of projection row form a second projection array, and the first projection array and the second projection array are alternately arranged; Alternatively, the projection array may include a first rectangular projection array formed based on the projection of the reference premixed microtube and a second rectangular projection array formed based on the projection of the staggered premixed microtube; the first rectangular projection array and the second rectangular projection array may be arranged in an array. Alternatively, in the projection array, the projections of the multiple staggered premixed microtubes are discretely distributed and located between the projections of the multiple reference premixed microtubes.

9. The micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The micro-mixing nozzle structure also includes a second nozzle unit and a third nozzle unit; The second nozzle unit includes a plurality of reference position premixed microtubes arranged side by side, and the third nozzle unit includes a plurality of staggered position premixed microtubes arranged side by side; the second nozzle unit and the third nozzle unit are respectively disposed on the mounting base and arranged side by side with the first nozzle unit; Among them, at least two of the first nozzle unit, the second nozzle unit and the third nozzle unit are arranged sequentially along the circumference; Alternatively, any one of the first nozzle unit, the second nozzle unit, and the third nozzle unit may be located at the center position, and at least two of the first nozzle unit, the second nozzle unit, and the third nozzle unit may be arranged in a circular pattern around the center position.

10. A combustion chamber, characterized in that, It includes a micro-mixing nozzle structure with staggered outlet velocities as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images