A life test method for high-voltage pulse capacitors of multi-parallel Marx generator

Abstract

The application relates to a high-voltage pulse capacitor examination method, in particular to a high-voltage pulse capacitor life examination method for a multi-path parallel Marx generator, and solves the technical problem that the existing capacitor life examination method is not applicable to the actual service life examination of the high-voltage pulse capacitor for the multi-path parallel Marx generator. The high-voltage pulse capacitor life examination method for the multi-path parallel Marx generator comprises the following steps: 1) establishing a single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator; 2) establishing a resonance equivalent circuit of the Marx generator; and 3) alternately examining 2n measured capacitors in the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator and the resonance equivalent circuit of the Marx generator, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and important data support is provided for reliability evaluation of the internal capacitors of the multi-path parallel Marx generator.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a high-voltage pulse capacitor examination method, in particular to a high-voltage pulse capacitor life examination method for a multi-path parallel Marx generator. BACKGROUND

[0002] A high-voltage pulse capacitor (hereinafter referred to as a capacitor) is an energy storage component of a Marx generator, and the service life thereof has a crucial influence on the reliability of the device. Life examination of sample capacitors is an important means for evaluating the reliability of capacitors in the device (see Li Jingya. “Jian Guang No. 1” Marx capacitor life test [J]. Power capacitor and reactive power compensation, 2015, 36 (3): 0053-0055).

[0003] The existing capacitor life examination method is usually to build a single-stage equivalent circuit of a Marx generator, and to carry out charging and discharging tests at the actual working voltage of the capacitor according to the equivalent circuit until the capacitor is damaged, at which time the working frequency of the capacitor is the service life. However, this method has a problem when examining high-voltage pulse capacitors for a multi-path parallel Marx generator. The multi-path parallel Marx generator has two working states. The first is that all the cores inside the multi-path parallel Marx generator are normally turned on and established. The second is that a core inside the multi-path parallel Marx generator is turned on and established in advance due to self-discharge of the switch K, while the other cores are still in the unestablished state. The existing capacitor life examination method is only suitable for the examination of the life of the capacitor in the first state, and is not suitable for the examination of the life of the capacitor in the second state. Therefore, the service life of the high-voltage pulse capacitor for the multi-path parallel Marx generator cannot be objectively given. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the application is to solve the technical problem that the existing capacitor life examination method is not suitable for the actual service life examination of the high-voltage pulse capacitor for the multi-path parallel Marx generator, and to provide a high-voltage pulse capacitor life examination method for the multi-path parallel Marx generator, which provides important data support for the reliability evaluation of the capacitors inside the multi-path parallel Marx generator.

[0005] The idea of the application is:

[0006] The method comprises the following steps: the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit and the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit are examined, the examination object is a high-voltage pulse capacitor, the number of the examination object is 2 or an integer multiple of 2, 2 capacitors are installed in the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit for examination, and the number of examinations is recorded; if both of the 2 capacitors are not damaged, the 2 capacitors are installed in the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit for examination, and the number of examinations is recorded; if the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit completes 1 discharge and both of the 2 capacitors are not damaged, the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit is switched to for alternate examination; if any one of the 2 capacitors is damaged in the examination process, the examination is ended, and the sum of the numbers of examinations of the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit and the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit is recorded as the life of the capacitor.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems and realize the above inventive concept, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0008] A life examination method for a high-voltage pulse capacitor for a multi-path parallel Marx generator, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

[0009] 1) establishing a Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit;

[0010] 2) establishing a Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit;

[0011] 3) selecting 2n capacitors to be tested at random, and performing alternate examination in the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit and the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0012] 3.1, examination of the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit

[0013] The 2n capacitors to be tested are installed in the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit, the capacitors to be tested are charged until the examination voltage is reached, the switch in the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit is turned on, the capacitors to be tested are discharged, the number of discharges is recorded, and then it is judged whether the capacitors to be tested are damaged:

[0014] If all the capacitors to be tested are not damaged, step 3.2 is performed;

[0015] If at least one of the capacitors to be tested is damaged, step 4) is performed;

[0016] 3.2, examination of the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit

[0017] 2n capacitors are installed in the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit, the capacitors are charged until the test voltage is reached, the switches in the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit are turned on to discharge the capacitors, the number of discharges is recorded, and then it is determined whether the capacitors are damaged:

[0018] If all the capacitors are not damaged, return to step 3.1;

[0019] If at least one of the capacitors is damaged, perform step 4);

[0020] 4) Record the sum of the number of discharges of the 2n capacitors in the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit and the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit as the basis for the life of the capacitors, and complete the life test.

[0021] Further, in step 3), n = 1.

[0022] Further, in step 1), the parameters of the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit satisfy:

[0023] c = 2C m , L0 = L m , r = Z / N;

[0024] Wherein, c is the capacitance of the measured capacitor, r is the resistance value of the load resistor, N is the number of stages of the Marx generator in the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit, C m is the equivalent capacitance of each stage of the Marx generator, L m is the equivalent inductance of each stage of the Marx generator, and Z is the characteristic impedance of the water dielectric transmission line.

[0025] Further, in step 2), the parameters of the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit satisfy:

[0026] Define c = 2C z , L d = L f / N, C z = C f ·N,

[0027] Wherein, L f is the loop inductance of a single Marx generator charging the water line, C f is the equivalent capacitance of the water dielectric transmission line, and C z is the resonant capacitance of a single Marx generator charging the water line.

[0028] Further, in step 1), the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit includes a single-stage equivalent circuit basic loop, a positive high-voltage power supply, and a negative high-voltage power supply;

[0029] The single-stage equivalent circuit basic loop comprises a first switch K1, a loop inductor L0 and a load resistor R;

[0030] One end of the first switch K1 is used for connecting one end of the measured capacitor C1, and the other end is used for connecting one end of the measured capacitor C2, and the other end of the measured capacitor C2 is grounded;

[0031] One end of the loop inductor L0 is connected to the other end of the measured capacitor C1, and the other end of the loop inductor L0 is grounded through the load resistor R;

[0032] The control end of the first switch K1 is used for connecting with an external trigger source;

[0033] The positive high-voltage power supply is connected with the measured capacitor C1 and is used for charging the measured capacitor C1;

[0034] The negative high-voltage power supply is connected with the measured capacitor C2 and is used for charging the measured capacitor C2.

[0035] Further, in step 2), the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit comprises a resonant equivalent circuit basic loop, a positive high-voltage power supply and a negative high-voltage power supply;

[0036] The resonant equivalent circuit basic loop comprises a ground isolation resistor R s1 , a ground isolation resistor R s2 , a second switch K2, a load inductor L d and a resonant capacitor C z ;

[0037] One end of the second switch K2 is used for connecting one end of the measured capacitor C1, and the other end of the second switch K2 is used for connecting one end of the measured capacitor C2;

[0038] One end of the load inductor L d is connected to the other end of the measured capacitor C1, and the other end of the load inductor L d is connected to one end of the resonant capacitor C z ; the other end of the resonant capacitor C z is connected to the other end of the measured capacitor C2;

[0039] The two ends of the resonant capacitor C z are grounded through the ground isolation resistor R s1 and the ground isolation resistor R s2 respectively;

[0040] The control end of the second switch K2 is connected with an external trigger source;

[0041] The positive high-voltage power supply is connected with the measured capacitor C1 and is used for charging the measured capacitor C1;

[0042] The negative high-voltage power supply is connected with the measured capacitor C2 and is used for charging the measured capacitor C2.

[0043] Further, the step 3.1) is specifically:

[0044] The measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are installed into the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit, the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are charged until the examination voltage is reached, the first switch K1 in the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit is controlled to be turned on, the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are discharged to the load resistor R, the discharge times of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are recorded, and whether the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are damaged is judged:

[0045] If the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are not damaged, the step 3.2 is executed,

[0046] If any of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 is damaged, the step 4) is executed.

[0047] Further, the step 3.2 is specifically:

[0048] The measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 in the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit are charged until the examination voltage is reached, the second switch K2 in the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit is controlled to be turned on, the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are discharged to the resonant capacitor C z , the discharge times of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are recorded, and whether the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are damaged is judged:

[0049] If the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are not damaged, the step 3.1 is returned;

[0050] If any of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 is damaged, the step 4) is executed.

[0051] Further, in the step 1, the self-discharge probabilities of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are both ξ.

[0052] Further, in the step 3.1, the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit is operated [1 / (ξ·N)-1] times.

[0053] In the step 3.2, the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit is operated once.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the present application has the beneficial effects that:

[0055] The present invention provides a method for evaluating the lifespan of high-voltage pulse capacitors used in multi-parallel Marx generators. This method can evaluate the lifespan of capacitors in the single-stage equivalent circuit of a Marx generator, as well as capacitors in the resonant equivalent circuit of a Marx generator. It fully considers the special characteristics of multi-parallel Marx generators and enables alternating evaluation. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the Marx generator in an embodiment of the life assessment method for a multi-channel parallel Marx generator according to the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator in an embodiment of the life assessment method for a multi-parallel Marx generator of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit in an embodiment of the life assessment method for a multi-parallel Marx generator according to the present invention.

[0059] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the life testing method for high-voltage pulse capacitors used in multi-channel parallel Marx generators according to the present invention.

[0060] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0061] 1-Positive high voltage power supply, 2-Negative high voltage power supply, 3-External trigger source, 4-Basic circuit of single-stage equivalent circuit, 5-Basic circuit of resonant equivalent circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is the equivalent circuit diagram of the high-voltage pulse capacitor in a multi-channel parallel Marx generator. This invention provides a method for evaluating the lifespan of the high-voltage pulse capacitor used in a multi-channel parallel Marx generator, specifically including the following steps:

[0064] 1) such as Figure 2 As shown, a single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator is established. The single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator includes the basic loop 4 of the single-stage equivalent circuit, the positive high voltage power supply 1, and the negative high voltage power supply 2.

[0065] The basic loop 4 of the single-stage equivalent circuit includes a first switch K1, a loop inductor L0, and a load resistor R. One end of the first switch K1 is connected to one end of the capacitor under test C1, and the other end is connected to one end of the capacitor under test C2. The other end of the capacitor under test C2 is grounded. One end of the loop inductor L0 is connected to the other end of the capacitor under test C1, and the other end of the loop inductor L0 is grounded through the load resistor R. The control terminal of the first switch K1 is connected to an external trigger source 3, so that the trigger signal generated by the external trigger source 3 controls the first switch K1 to conduct. The positive high-voltage power supply 1 is connected to the capacitor under test C1 and is used to charge the capacitor under test C1 with a positive high voltage. The negative high-voltage power supply 2 is connected to the capacitor under test C2 and is used to charge the capacitor under test C2 with a negative high voltage. The connection point of the load resistor R with the capacitor under test C2 is grounded, which is used to clamp the ground potential and cooperate with the positive high-voltage power supply 1 and the negative high-voltage power supply 2 to form a charging loop for the capacitor under test C1 and the capacitor under test C2.

[0066] The parameters of the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator satisfy:

[0067] c1 = c2 = 2C m L0 = L m R = Z / N;

[0068] Where c1 is the capacitance of capacitor C1 under test, c2 is the capacitance of capacitor C2 under test, r is the resistance of the load resistor, N is the number of stages of the Marx generator in the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator, and C m For the equivalent capacitance of each stage of the Marx generator, L m Z is the equivalent inductance of each stage of the Marx generator, and Z is the characteristic impedance of the water-dielectric transmission line.

[0069] To ensure that the loop parameters of the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator meet the above requirements, the following should be noted during the establishment of the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator: 1. Maintain the connection structure of the tested capacitors C1 and C2, and the first switch K1 should be the same as the first-stage circuit of the actual Marx generator; 2. The charging voltage of the tested capacitors C1 and C2 should be the same as the actual operating voltage of the Marx generator. This ensures that the output performance of the tested capacitors C1 and C2 in the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator is equivalent to the situation where all the internal mechanisms of the actual multi-parallel Marx generator are normally conducting.

[0070] 2) such as Figure 3 As shown, a Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit is established. The Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit includes the basic resonant equivalent circuit loop 5, the positive high voltage power supply 1, and the negative high voltage power supply 2. The basic resonant equivalent circuit loop 5 includes a ground isolation resistor R. s1 Isolation resistor to ground R s2, the second switch K2, the load inductor L d , the resonant capacitor C z ; one end of the second switch K2 is connected to one end of the measured capacitor C1, and the other end of the second switch K2 is connected to one end of the measured capacitor C2; one end of the load inductor L d is connected to the other end of the measured capacitor C1, and the other end of the load inductor L d is connected to one end of the resonant capacitor C z ; the other end of the resonant capacitor C z is connected to the other end of the measured capacitor C2; the two ends of the resonant capacitor C z are connected to the ground through the isolation resistors R s1 , R s2 , respectively; the isolation resistors R s1 are connected to the ground, and are used to isolate the ground potential from the resonant capacitor C z when the second switch K2 is turned on, thereby ensuring that the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 pulse discharge to the resonant capacitor C z , but when the positive high-voltage power supply 1 charges the measured capacitor C1 with direct current, the isolation resistors R s2 also serve as an electrical connection between the ground potential and the measured capacitor C1, thereby ensuring that the measured capacitor C1 can be normally charged; the isolation resistors R z isolate the ground potential from the resonant capacitor when the second switch K2 is turned on, thereby ensuring that the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 pulse discharge to the resonant capacitor C z , but when the negative high-voltage power supply 2 charges the measured capacitor C2 with direct current, the isolation resistors R d also serve as an electrical connection between the ground potential and the measured capacitor C2, thereby ensuring that the measured capacitor C2 can be normally charged. The control end of the second switch K2 is connected to the external trigger source 3, so that the trigger signal generated by the external trigger source 3 controls the second switch K2 to be turned on. The positive high-voltage power supply 1 is connected to the measured capacitor C1, and is used to charge the measured capacitor C1 with positive high voltage; the negative high-voltage power supply 2 is connected to the measured capacitor C2, and is used to charge the measured capacitor C2 with negative high voltage.

[0071] The parameters of the resonant equivalent circuit of the Marx generator satisfy:

[0072] Let c 1 = c 2 = 2C z , L d = L f / N, C z = C f ·N,

[0073] wherein L f is the loop inductance of a single Marx generator charging the water line, C f is the equivalent capacitance of the water dielectric transmission line, and C zThe resonant capacitance of a single Marx generator charging the water line.

[0074] To ensure that the loop parameters of the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit meet the above requirements, attention should be paid during the establishment of the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit: 1. Keep the connection structure of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2, the second switch K2 and the actual multi-stage circuit of the Marx the same, and the load inductance L d The influence of the loop inductance should be deducted during design; 2. The charging voltage of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 is the same as the actual working voltage of the multi-stage Marx generator; in this way, the output performance of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 in the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit is equivalent to the case that the second switch K2 of the multi-channel parallel Marx generator is turned on in advance due to self-discharge.

[0075] 3) Arbitrarily select 2n measured capacitors, and alternately examine them in the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator and the resonant equivalent circuit of the Marx generator, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0076] 3.1, Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit examination

[0077] Install the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 into the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator, charge the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2, until the examination voltage is reached, control the first switch K1 in the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator to be turned on, make the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 discharge to the load resistor R, record the discharge times of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2, and determine whether the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are damaged:

[0078] If the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are not damaged, step 3.2 is executed,

[0079] If either the measured capacitor C1 or the measured capacitor C2 is damaged, step 4) is executed.

[0080] 3.2, Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit examination

[0081] Charge the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 in the resonant equivalent circuit of the Marx generator, until the examination voltage is reached, control the second switch K2 in the resonant equivalent circuit of the Marx generator to be turned on, make the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 discharge to the resonant capacitor C z , record the discharge times of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2, and determine whether the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are damaged:

[0082] If both the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are not damaged, return to step 3.1;

[0083] If either the measured capacitor C1 or the measured capacitor C2 is damaged, perform step 4).

[0084] 4) Record the sum of the discharge times of the two measured capacitors in the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit and the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit as the basis for the life of the measured capacitor, and complete the life test.

[0085] In this embodiment, the self-discharge probability of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 is ξ, that is, the Marx generator will self-discharge once every 1 / (ξ·N) times. At this time, the measured capacitor (i.e. the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2) needs to run [1 / (ξ·N)-1] times in the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit, and then switch to the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit for 1 time and then switch back to the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit, and so on until the capacitor is damaged.

[0086] As shown in Figure 4 , take an even number of measured capacitors (i.e. the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2), measure their initial capacitance values, and group them in pairs. Select a multi-channel parallel Marx generator with 10 stages, and the equivalent capacitance of each stage of the Marx generator is C m = 40nF, the equivalent inductance of each stage of the Marx generator is L m = 100nH, the characteristic impedance of the water dielectric transmission line is Z = 5Ω, the equivalent capacitance of the water dielectric transmission line is C f = 20nF, the loop inductance of a single Marx generator charging the water line is L f = 100nH; then take C z = 80nF, L0 = 100nH, R = 0.5Ω, L d = 10nH, C m = 200nF.

[0087] Assuming that the self-discharge probability of a single switch K is 0.01%, take a group of measured capacitors and build a Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit according to Figure 2 , ensure that the connection structure of the measured capacitor, the switch K and the actual one-stage circuit of the Marx generator are the same;

[0088] Use positive high-voltage power supply 1 and negative high-voltage power supply 2 to charge the measured capacitor, ensure that the charging voltage of the measured capacitor is the same as the actual working voltage of the Marx generator, and then use external trigger source 3 to trigger the switch K, develop the charge and discharge test of the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit, i.e. run the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit 999 times. Determine whether the measured capacitor is damaged:

[0089] If the measured capacitors are not damaged, according to Figure 3 Build a Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit, continue to test the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit, that is, run the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit 1 time, and then judge whether the measured capacitors are damaged:

[0090] If the measured capacitors are not damaged, return to continue charging the measured capacitors in the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit until the measured capacitors are damaged, then stop the experiment, and record the number of times the measured capacitors run in the single-stage equivalent circuit and the resonance equivalent circuit. This number is the service life basis of the measured capacitors.

Claims

1. A method for life test of a high-voltage pulse measured capacitor for a multi-channel parallel Marx generator, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: 1) establishing a single-stage equivalent circuit of a Marx generator; 2) establishing a resonance equivalent circuit of the Marx generator; The resonance equivalent circuit of the Marx generator comprises a basic loop (5) of the resonance equivalent circuit, a positive high-voltage power supply (1), and a negative high-voltage power supply (2); The resonant equivalent circuit basic loop (5) includes a ground isolation resistor R s1 , a ground isolation resistor R s2 , a second switch K2, a load inductor L d and a resonant capacitor C z ; One end of the second switch K2 is used for connecting one end of the measured capacitor C1, and the other end of the second switch K2 is used for connecting one end of the measured capacitor C2; The load inductor L d One end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1 being tested, and the load inductance L d The other end is connected to a resonant capacitor C z One end; resonant capacitor C z The other end is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2 being tested; The resonant capacitor C z through a ground-isolating resistor R s1 , a ground-isolating resistor R s2 to ground; The control end of the second switch K2 is connected with an external trigger source (3); The positive high-voltage power supply (1) is connected with the measured capacitor C1 and is used for charging the measured capacitor C1; The negative high-voltage power supply (2) is connected with the measured capacitor C2 and is used for charging the measured capacitor C2; 3) 2n measured capacitors are selected at random and are alternately examined in the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator and the resonance equivalent circuit of the Marx generator, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; 3.1, single-stage equivalent circuit examination of the Marx generator The 2n measured capacitors are installed in the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator, the measured capacitors are charged until the examination voltage is reached, the switches in the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator are controlled to be turned on, the measured capacitors are discharged, the number of discharges is recorded, and then it is judged whether the measured capacitors are damaged: If all the measured capacitors are not damaged, step 3.2 is performed; If at least one measured capacitor is damaged, step 4) is performed; 3.2, resonance equivalent circuit examination of the Marx generator The 2n measured capacitors are installed in the resonance equivalent circuit of the Marx generator, the measured capacitors are charged until the examination voltage is reached, the switches in the resonance equivalent circuit of the Marx generator are controlled to be turned on, the measured capacitors are discharged, the number of discharges is recorded, and then it is judged whether the measured capacitors are damaged: If all the measured capacitors are not damaged, step 3.1 is returned to; If at least one measured capacitor is damaged, step 4) is performed; 4) the sum of the number of discharges of the 2n measured capacitors in the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator and the resonance equivalent circuit of the Marx generator is recorded as the basis for the life of the measured capacitors, and the life examination is completed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), n = 1.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1), the parameters of the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator satisfy: c =2C m , L0= L m , r=Z / N; Wherein, c is the capacitance of the measured capacitance, r is the resistance value of the load resistance, N is the number of stages of the Marx generator in the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator, C m is the equivalent capacitance of each stage of the Marx generator, L m is the equivalent inductance of each stage of the Marx generator, Z is the characteristic impedance of the water medium transmission line, and L0 is the loop inductance.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2), the parameters of the resonance equivalent circuit of the Marx generator satisfy: Definitions , , , ; wherein, L f is the loop inductance of the single Marx generator charging the water line, C f is the equivalent capacitance of the water transmission line, C z is the resonant capacitance of the single Marx generator charging the water line.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 1), the single-stage equivalent circuit of the Marx generator comprises a basic loop (4) of the single-stage equivalent circuit, a positive high-voltage power supply (1), and a negative high-voltage power supply (2). The single-stage equivalent circuit basic loop (4) comprises a first switch K1, a loop inductor L0 and a load resistor R. One end of the first switch K1 is used for connecting one end of the measured capacitor C1, and the other end is used for connecting one end of the measured capacitor C2, and the other end of the measured capacitor C2 is grounded. One end of the loop inductor L0 is connected to the other end of the measured capacitor C1, and the other end of the loop inductor L0 is grounded through the load resistor R. The control end of the first switch K1 is used for connecting with an external trigger source (3). The positive high-voltage power supply (1) is connected with the measured capacitor C1 and is used for charging the measured capacitor C1. The negative high-voltage power supply (2) is connected with the measured capacitor C2 and is used for charging the measured capacitor C2.

6. The life test method of high-voltage pulse capacitors for multi-parallel Marx generators according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step 3.1) is specifically: The measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are installed into the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit, the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are charged until the test voltage is reached, the first switch K1 in the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit is turned on, the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are discharged to the load resistor R, the number of times of discharging of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 is recorded, and whether the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are damaged is judged: If the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are not damaged, step 3.2 is executed, If any of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 is damaged, step 4) is executed.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method is characterized by, Step 3.2 is specifically: The measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 in the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit are charged until the test voltage is reached, the second switch K2 in the Marx generator resonance equivalent circuit is turned on, and the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 discharge the resonance capacitor C z discharge, record the discharge times of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2, and determine whether the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are damaged: If the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 are not damaged, return to step 3.1; If any of the measured capacitor C1 and the measured capacitor C2 is damaged, step 4) is executed.

8. The high-voltage pulse capacitor life test method for a multi-path parallel Marx generator according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 1, the self-discharge probability of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are both .

9. The high-voltage pulse capacitor life test method for a multi-path parallel Marx generator according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3.1, the Marx generator single-stage equivalent circuit operates seconds; In step 3.2, the Marx generator resonant equivalent circuit runs 1 time.

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