A ship

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of ship manufacturing, in particular to a ship. The ship comprises a ship body, a hydrogen easy-gathering chamber and an exhaust structure, the ship body comprises a ship main body, a cabin top plate and a deck, a bulkhead and the deck enclose a cabin, the hydrogen easy-gathering chamber is arranged in the cabin, the cabin top plate is arranged directly below the deck, the distance between the two ends of the cabin top plate and the deck is different along the longitudinal direction of the ship, the longitudinal section of the cabin top plate is arc-shaped along the transverse direction, the cabin top plate is provided with an air supply port and an air outlet, air is supplied into the cabin through the air supply port after the gas in the cabin is exhausted through the air outlet, the air pressure in the cabin is kept constant, the height of the air outlet is different from that of the air supply port, the air supply port is located at the lowest point of the cabin top plate, and the air outlet is located at the highest point of the cabin top plate, so that more hydrogen can be exhausted, and the hydrogen cannot gather in the space formed by the cabin top plate and cannot be exhausted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, and more particularly to a ship. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, green ship technology using hydrogen as fuel has become one of the main directions of development in the shipbuilding industry. Fuel cell ships, as a combined product of hydrogen energy technology and green ship technology development, have advantages such as low emissions, high efficiency, high energy density, good stability, and low noise, and have great potential in promoting pollution-free shipping and sustainable energy in the future.

[0003] Hydrogen is used as fuel and is transported from the hydrogen fuel storage room to the hydrogen fuel cell location through hydrogen supply pipelines. However, hydrogen fuel is highly leak-proof and diffuse, and it is very easy for it to leak and spread in relatively enclosed ship cabins, causing hydrogen to accumulate in enclosed ship cabins such as hydrogen fuel storage rooms and hydrogen fuel cell locations.

[0004] Conventional power plant machinery and cabin designs cannot effectively remove hydrogen, cannot form a reasonable air intake and exhaust circuit, and have poor ventilation. In addition, there are many structural components inside the cabin, and the gaps between these components can easily trap hydrogen, which can cause localized excessively high hydrogen concentrations. When the hydrogen concentration reaches the explosive limit, there is a possibility of explosion, resulting in low safety.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a type of vessel to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ship that can expel hydrogen gas and prevent hydrogen gas from accumulating in the ship's cabin.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A ship includes a hull, a hydrogen accumulation chamber, and an exhaust structure. The hull includes a main body, a top plate, and a deck. The main body and the deck enclose a cabin. The hydrogen accumulation chamber is located within the cabin. The top plate is located directly below the deck. The ship's direction of travel is defined as longitudinal. Along the longitudinal direction, the distances between the two ends of the top plate and the deck are different. The direction parallel to the deck and perpendicular to the ship's longitudinal direction is defined as transverse. Along the transverse direction, the longitudinal section of the top plate is arc-shaped. The top plate is provided with an air supply port and an air outlet. The air outlet is located at the highest point of the top plate, and the air supply port is located at the lowest point of the top plate. The exhaust structure is connected to the air supply port via an air compressor.

[0009] The hydrogen accumulation chamber includes at least one or more of the following: hydrogen fuel tank location, hydrogen cylinder room, hydrogen fuel cell location, hydrogen fuel tank connection location, and hydrogen fuel preparation room.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution for the aforementioned vessel, the arc center of the top plate points towards the deck.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution for the aforementioned vessel, the arc center of the hatch top plate is opposite to the deck.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution for the aforementioned vessel, along the longitudinal direction of the vessel, the bow distance between the top plate and the deck is greater than the stern distance between the top plate and the deck.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution for the aforementioned vessel, along the longitudinal direction of the vessel, the bow distance between the top plate and the deck is less than the stern distance between the top plate and the deck.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution for the aforementioned vessel, the hull sidewall is provided with ventilation holes, and a filter screen is installed inside the ventilation holes.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution for the aforementioned vessel, the exhaust structure includes a hull, an air intake pipe, and a blower. The hull is sequentially formed with an intake chamber, a mixing chamber, and an exhaust chamber. A connecting hole is provided in the portion of the hull corresponding to the mixing chamber. One end of the air intake pipe extends into the connecting hole, and the other end is connected to the air compressor. The blower is located in the exhaust chamber of the hull.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution for the aforementioned vessel, the connecting hole includes a first air intake channel and a second air intake channel. The first air intake channel and the second air intake channel are connected by a connecting ring. A plurality of second air intake channels are circumferentially arranged on the shell. The extension direction of each second air intake channel is located on one side of the center of the mixing chamber. The diameter of the first air intake channel is larger than the diameter of the second air intake channel.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution for the aforementioned vessel, a hydrogen safety alarm structure is also included. The hydrogen safety alarm structure is used to detect the hydrogen concentration value in the cabin, and to trigger an alarm and drive the exhaust structure to exhaust gas when the hydrogen concentration value reaches a preset concentration value.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution for the aforementioned vessel, the hydrogen safety alarm structure includes multiple hydrogen concentration sensors, which are installed inside the hull.

[0019] Beneficial effects of this invention:

[0020] The ship comprises a hull, a hydrogen leak-prone chamber, and an exhaust system. The hull consists of the main body, a hatch roof, and a deck. The main body and deck enclose the ship's compartment. The hydrogen leak-prone chamber is located within the compartment. The hatch roof is situated directly beneath the deck, along the ship's longitudinal direction. The distances between the hatch roof and the deck at both ends are unequal. The direction parallel to the deck and perpendicular to the ship's longitudinal direction is defined as transverse. Along this transverse direction, the longitudinal section of the hatch roof is arc-shaped. The hatch roof is equipped with air supply vents and air outlets. This allows gas inside the compartment to be extracted at the air outlets, while air is drawn out through the air supply vents. To ensure the air pressure inside the cabin remains constant compared to the outside air pressure, and to guarantee the smooth exhaust of hydrogen gas, the exhaust system is designed to ensure that hydrogen gas can be expelled more effectively. Since hydrogen has a low density, it tends to accumulate at the highest point of the cabin roof. The exhaust vents are positioned at different heights than the supply vents, with the supply vent at the lowest point of the cabin roof and the exhaust vent at the highest point. This design allows for greater hydrogen gas exhaust and prevents it from accumulating in the space created by the cabin roof. The exhaust system is also equipped with compressed air to further dilute the concentration of exhaust hydrogen gas, preventing it from reaching the explosion limit. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a ship in the transverse direction provided in an embodiment of the present invention (with the center of the hatch top plate arc facing away from the deck);

[0023] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the ship provided in the embodiment of the present invention (the center of the cabin roof arc is away from the deck and the bow of the cabin roof is lower than the stern).

[0024] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a ship provided in an embodiment of the present invention (the center of the cabin roof arc is away from the deck and the bow of the cabin roof is higher than the stern).

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the ship in the transverse direction (with the center of the hatch top plate arc facing the deck) provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a ship provided in an embodiment of the present invention (the center of the cabin roof arc faces the deck and the bow of the cabin roof is lower than the stern).

[0027] Figure 6 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a ship provided in an embodiment of the present invention (the center of the cabin roof arc faces the deck and the bow of the cabin roof is higher than the stern).

[0028] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Sectional view at point AA.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1. Hull; 11. Main body; 12. Cabin roof; 121. Air inlet; 122. Air outlet; 13. Deck; 2. Exhaust structure; 21. Shell; 211. Intake chamber; 212. Mixing chamber; 213. Exhaust chamber; 214. First intake passage; 215. Connecting ring; 216. Second intake passage; 22. Exhaust fan. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0033] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0036] Hydrogen is used as fuel and is transported from the hydrogen fuel storage room to the hydrogen fuel cell location through hydrogen supply pipelines. However, hydrogen fuel is highly leak-proof and diffuse, and it is very easy for it to leak and spread in relatively enclosed ship cabins, causing hydrogen to accumulate in enclosed ship cabins such as hydrogen fuel storage rooms and hydrogen fuel cell locations.

[0037] Conventional power plant machinery and cabin designs cannot effectively remove hydrogen, cannot form a reasonable air intake and exhaust circuit, and have poor ventilation. In addition, there are many structural components inside the cabin, and the gaps between these components can easily trap hydrogen, which can cause localized excessively high hydrogen concentrations. When the hydrogen concentration reaches the explosive limit, there is a possibility of explosion, resulting in low safety.

[0038] Therefore, the present invention provides a ship that uses hydrogen as fuel and can expel gases from the ship's hold when the hydrogen concentration is high.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, the vessel includes a hull 1, a hydrogen leak-prone chamber, and an exhaust structure 2. The hull 1 includes a main body 11, a hatch top plate 12, and a deck 13. The main body 11 and the deck 13 enclose a cabin. The hydrogen leak-prone chamber is located inside the cabin. The hatch top plate 12 is located directly below the deck 13. Along the longitudinal direction of the vessel, the distances between the two ends of the hatch top plate 12 and the deck 13 are different. The direction parallel to the deck 13 and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vessel is defined as transverse. Along the transverse direction, the longitudinal section of the hatch top plate 12 is arc-shaped. The hatch top plate 12 is provided with an air inlet 121 and an air outlet 122, so that the gas in the cabin exits through the air outlet 122. After the air is extracted, air enters through the air supply vent 121 to ensure that the air pressure inside the cabin is constant with the outside air pressure, ensuring that the hydrogen in the cabin can be discharged smoothly. Since hydrogen has a low density, it tends to accumulate at the highest point of the cabin roof 12. The height of the air outlet 122 is different from that of the air supply vent 121. The air supply vent 121 is located at the lowest point of the cabin roof 12, and the air outlet 122 is located at the highest point of the cabin roof 12. This arrangement allows more hydrogen to be discharged, preventing hydrogen from accumulating in the space formed by the cabin roof 12 and being unable to be discharged. The exhaust structure can further dilute the concentration of exhaust hydrogen to prevent it from reaching the explosion limit.

[0040] Hydrogen accumulation chambers include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: hydrogen fuel tank space, hydrogen cylinder room, hydrogen fuel cell space, hydrogen fuel tank connection space, and hydrogen fuel preparation room.

[0041] The hydrogen cylinder room is the chamber for storing hydrogen cylinders, the hydrogen fuel cell area is the chamber for placing the fuel cells, the hydrogen fuel tank connector area is the chamber for placing the hydrogen fuel pipe connector, and the hydrogen fuel preparation room is the chamber for preparing hydrogen fuel.

[0042] It should be noted that the exhaust structure 2 is fixed on the deck 13 and the top plate 12, and the deck 13 and the top plate 12 provide support for the exhaust structure 2.

[0043] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the center of the arc of the top plate 12 points towards the deck 13. That is, the opening of the space formed by the top plate 12 faces the deck 13. Thus, the air supply vent 121 is located in the middle of the top plate 12, while the air outlet vent 122 is located at both ends of the top plate 12.

[0044] Of course, in some other embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the center of the arc of the top plate 12 is away from the deck 13. That is, the opening of the space formed by the top plate 12 is away from the deck 13. Thus, the air supply vent 121 is located at both ends of the top plate 12, and the air outlet 122 is located in the middle of the top plate 12.

[0045] In some embodiments, along the longitudinal direction of the ship, reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The cabin roof 12 is lower at the bow than at the stern, causing hydrogen to accumulate at the bow. Therefore, the air outlet 122 is located at the bow, and the air supply vent 121 is located at the stern, which facilitates the complete removal of hydrogen. In some embodiments, along the longitudinal direction of the ship, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 The front of the cabin roof 12 is higher than the rear, so hydrogen gas accumulates at the rear of the ship, or air can enter from the lowest point of the cabin roof 12. Therefore, the air intake is located at the front of the ship and the exhaust is located at the rear of the ship, which is conducive to the complete removal of hydrogen gas.

[0046] It should be noted that the longitudinal direction of a ship is the same as its direction of navigation.

[0047] In some embodiments, ventilation holes are provided on the side walls of the hull 11. The ventilation holes can improve the fluidity of the air inside the cabin and further reduce the possibility of hydrogen accumulation.

[0048] In order to allow hydrogen gas to be directly released into the atmosphere, in some embodiments, such as Figure 7As shown, the exhaust structure 2 includes a housing 21, an intake pipe, an air compressor, and a fan 22. The housing 21 sequentially forms an intake chamber 211, a mixing chamber 212, and an exhaust chamber 213. A connecting hole is provided in the portion of the housing 21 corresponding to the mixing chamber 212. One end of the intake pipe extends into the connecting hole, and the other end connects to the air compressor. The air compressor provides compressed air to mix with hydrogen, thereby reducing the hydrogen concentration and preventing combustion and explosion caused by high hydrogen concentrations in the exhaust compartment. The fan 22 is located in the exhaust chamber 213 of the housing 21 and is capable of exhausting the gas from the compartment.

[0049] Optionally, in this embodiment, combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8 The connecting hole includes a first air intake channel 214, a connecting ring 215, and a second air intake channel 216. The first air intake channel 214 and the second air intake channel 216 are connected by the connecting ring 215. Multiple second air intake channels 216 are circumferentially arranged on the housing 21, and the extension direction of the second air intake channel 216 is located on one side of the mixing chamber 212. That is, the central axis of the second air intake channel 216 does not pass through the central axis of the mixing chamber 212. The diameter of the first air intake channel 214 is larger than the diameter of the second air intake channel 216, so the hydrogen concentration is diluted, further reducing the possibility of hydrogen explosion.

[0050] It should be noted that the second intake channel 216 forms a jet angle with the center of the mixing chamber 212. Compressed air is injected into the mixing chamber 212 through the second intake channel 216 to form a high-speed airflow. Under the action of the jet angle, the high-speed cyclone forms an active negative pressure zone at the edge and a passive negative pressure zone in the middle of the mixing chamber 212. Hydrogen is drawn in through the intake chamber 211 under the action of the active and passive negative pressure zones. After being mixed with the high-speed compressed gas in the mixing chamber 212, it is discharged from the exhaust chamber 213.

[0051] In some embodiments, the vessel also includes a hydrogen safety alarm structure, which detects the hydrogen concentration in the cabin and triggers an alarm and drives the exhaust structure 2 to exhaust gas when the hydrogen concentration reaches a preset value. The hydrogen safety alarm structure is electrically connected to the ventilator 22 and the air compressor. Upon receiving the hydrogen safety alarm, the ventilator 22 and the air compressor operate to expel hydrogen from the cabin.

[0052] Specifically, the hydrogen safety alarm structure includes multiple hydrogen concentration sensors, which are installed inside the ship's cabin. These sensors are positioned in locations where hydrogen tends to accumulate and where concentrations are high. When a hydrogen concentration exceeds a safety threshold, the ventilation fan 22 and air compressor are activated to circulate gas within the cabin, thus reducing the overall hydrogen concentration in the cabin even when localized areas are excessively high.

[0053] Furthermore, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ship, characterized in that, The vessel includes a hull (1), a hydrogen accumulation chamber, and an exhaust structure (2). The hull (1) includes a main body (11), a hatch roof (12), and a deck (13). The main body (11) and the deck (13) form a cabin. The hydrogen accumulation chamber is located within the cabin. The hatch roof (12) is located directly below the deck (13). Along the longitudinal direction of the vessel, the distances between the two ends of the hatch roof (12) and the deck (13) are not the same. The direction parallel to the deck (13) and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ship is transverse. Along the transverse direction, the longitudinal section of the top plate (12) is arc-shaped. The top plate (12) is provided with an air supply port (121) and an air outlet (122). The air outlet (122) is located at the highest point of the top plate (12), and the air supply port (121) is located at the lowest point of the top plate (12). Another exhaust structure (2) is connected to the air supply port (121). The hydrogen accumulation chamber includes at least one of the following: hydrogen fuel tank location, hydrogen cylinder room, hydrogen fuel cell location, hydrogen fuel tank connection location, and hydrogen fuel preparation room; The ship's main body (11) has ventilation holes on its side wall, and a filter screen is installed inside the ventilation holes; The exhaust structure (2) includes a housing (21), an intake pipe, an air compressor, and a fan (22). The housing (21) is sequentially formed with an intake chamber (211), a mixing chamber (212), and an exhaust chamber (213). The housing (21) is provided with a connecting hole corresponding to the mixing chamber (212). One end of the intake pipe extends into the connecting hole, and the other end is connected to the air compressor. The fan (22) is located in the exhaust chamber (213) of the housing (21). The connecting hole includes a first air intake channel (214) and a second air intake channel (216). The first air intake channel (214) and the second air intake channel (216) are connected by a connecting ring (215). A plurality of second air intake channels (216) are circumferentially arranged on the housing (21). The extension direction of each second air intake channel (216) is located on one side of the center of the mixing chamber (212). The diameter of the first air intake channel (214) is larger than the diameter of the second air intake channel (216).

2. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center of the arc of the top plate (12) points towards the deck (13).

3. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center of the arc of the top plate (12) is away from the deck (13).

4. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the longitudinal direction of the vessel, the bow distance between the top plate (12) and the deck (13) is greater than the stern distance between the top plate (12) and the deck (13).

5. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the longitudinal direction of the vessel, the bow distance between the top plate (12) and the deck (13) is less than the stern distance between the top plate (12) and the deck (13).

6. The vessel according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes a hydrogen safety alarm structure, which is used to detect the hydrogen concentration value in the cabin and to trigger an alarm and drive the exhaust structure (2) to exhaust when the hydrogen concentration value reaches a preset concentration value.

7. The ship according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hydrogen safety alarm structure includes multiple hydrogen concentration sensors, which are installed inside the ship's cabin.

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