Urea-formaldehyde composite material, and preparation method and application thereof
Urea-formaldehyde composite materials were prepared by atomizing toughening agent solution onto urea-formaldehyde particles and using a negative pressure collection system. This solved the problem of cracking of urea-formaldehyde products in dry and cold northern regions, achieving crack resistance and feasibility for large-scale production, all at a low cost.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310759033.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-05-12
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Urea-formaldehyde products are prone to cracking in dry and cold northern regions, and current technology has not yet provided an effective solution to this problem.
A urea-formaldehyde composite material is prepared by urea-formaldehyde particles and a toughening agent, wherein the toughening agent is one or more of polyvinyl formal resins, preferably polyvinyl butyral, and the toughening agent to urea-formaldehyde particles is in a weight ratio of (1-12):100, preferably (3-8):100. The preparation method includes preparing a toughening agent solution, atomizing and spraying the toughening agent solution onto the urea-formaldehyde particles, and collecting the composite particles using a negative pressure collection system.
It achieves crack resistance in urea-formaldehyde products without altering the ceramic texture and high hardness. The production process is simple, easy to mass-produce, low in cost, with a uniform and flawless appearance, and excellent crack resistance.
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Figure CN116574354B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to a urea-formaldehyde composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] The urea-formaldehyde toilet cover in the bathroom industry has the advantages of high hardness, scratch resistance, corrosion resistance, and ceramic texture, but has a fatal defect that it is prone to cracking in dry and cold areas in the north, which seriously affects the use of users and even the safety of users. In other industries that apply urea-formaldehyde materials, there is also a problem of cracking of urea-formaldehyde products in dry and cold areas in the north.
[0003] For this problem, there is no good solution on the market at present, so how to solve the problem of cracking of urea-formaldehyde products is the bottleneck of the entire industry. SUMMARY
[0004] The present application provides a urea-formaldehyde composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, which can achieve the anti-cracking of urea-formaldehyde products without changing the unique ceramic texture and high hardness of urea-formaldehyde materials, and the preparation process of the urea-formaldehyde composite material is simple and easy to mass production.
[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a urea-formaldehyde composite material made of urea-formaldehyde particles and a toughening agent, wherein:
[0006] The toughening agent is an acetal polymer, and optionally, is selected from one or more of polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl hexylal, and polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and preferably is polyvinyl butyral.
[0007] The toughening agent and the urea-formaldehyde particles are in a ratio of (1-12):100 by weight, and preferably in a ratio of (3-8):100.
[0008] In an exemplary embodiment, the viscosity of the toughening agent is 10S-240S.
[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the toughening agent is polyvinyl butyral, the viscosity of the polyvinyl butyral is 40S, and the mass ratio of the polyvinyl butyral to the urea-formaldehyde particles is 8:100.
[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, the toughening agent is polyvinyl butyral, the viscosity of the polyvinyl butyral is 240S, and the mass ratio of the polyvinyl butyral to the urea-formaldehyde particles is 3:100.
[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, the toughening agent can also be used to toughen phenolic resin or melamine resin.
[0012] The second aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned urea-formaldehyde composite material, the urea-formaldehyde composite material comprising urea-formaldehyde particles and a toughening agent, the preparation method comprising the following steps:
[0013] S100: preparing a toughening agent solution, comprising:
[0014] S110: weighing
[0015] The toughening agent and the solvent are weighed respectively;
[0016] S120: dissolving
[0017] The solvent is poured into a container with a stirrer, and the toughening agent is gradually dissolved in the solvent in batches to obtain a toughening agent solution;
[0018] S200: preparing a urea-formaldehyde composite material, comprising:
[0019] S210: atomizing the toughening agent solution and spraying it onto the urea-formaldehyde particles to obtain composite urea-formaldehyde particles;
[0020] S220: collecting the composite urea-formaldehyde particles in step S210 to obtain the urea-formaldehyde composite material.
[0021] In an exemplary embodiment, in step S110, the solvent is an organic solvent, optionally selected from one or more of an alcohol, an ether, a ketone or an ester; wherein the alcohol is optionally selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, propylene glycol or butanol, the ketone can be butanone, and the ester can be ethyl acetate; preferably, the solvent is anhydrous ethanol.
[0022] In an exemplary embodiment, in step S110, the toughening agent: solvent = (1-12): 100 by weight.
[0023] In an exemplary embodiment, in step S210, specifically, the urea-formaldehyde particles are loaded into a container with a leak, and the urea-formaldehyde particles fall along the vertical direction, while the toughening agent solution is atomized and sprayed onto the urea-formaldehyde particle waterfall, so that the toughening agent droplets impact the urea-formaldehyde particles and adhere to their surfaces, to obtain composite urea-formaldehyde particles.
[0024] In an exemplary embodiment, in step S210, the falling flow rate of the urea-formaldehyde particles is 100-150 g / min; and the flow rate of the toughening agent atomized liquid is 30-450 g / min.
[0025] In an exemplary embodiment, in step S210, the container with a leak is a container with a "straight line" leak;
[0026] The toughening agent solution is atomized and sprayed out using an airless spray gun, wherein the airless spray gun is arranged around the urea-formaldehyde particle waterfall flow, and the airless spray gun can be one or more;
[0027] The nozzle of the airless spray gun is designed to spray out a "linear" mist surface shape;
[0028] The width of the "linear" slit of the container with the "linear" slit is consistent with the width of the "linear" atomized surface sprayed by the airless spray gun; and / or
[0029] In step S220, the urea-formaldehyde particles compounded in step S210 are collected using a collection system, wherein the collection system is a collection system capable of generating negative pressure; optionally, the collection system can be arranged along the falling direction of the urea-formaldehyde particles or along the spraying direction of the toughening agent, preferably, the collection system is arranged along the spraying direction of the toughening agent.
[0030] In an exemplary embodiment, the collection system can be a wide-mouth container capable of generating negative pressure.
[0031] In an exemplary embodiment, the preparation method can also prepare, optionally, a compounded modified material of phenolic resin or melamine resin.
[0032] The third aspect of the present application provides an article made of the urea-formaldehyde compounded material, and the article can be, optionally, a cover plate, preferably a toilet cover plate.
[0033] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of an article of urea-formaldehyde compounded material, comprising: molding the compounded urea-formaldehyde particles to obtain the urea-formaldehyde article.
[0034] Compared with the related art, the present application has the following technical effects:
[0035] 1. The compounded urea-formaldehyde material of the present application can achieve crack resistance of the urea-formaldehyde article without changing the unique ceramic feel and high hardness of the urea-formaldehyde material.
[0036] 2. The preparation method of the present application has a simple production process and is easy to mass-produce for marketization.
[0037] 3. The compounded urea-formaldehyde material prepared by the present application has no appearance defects, while products using other elastomer toughening agents will have appearance defects due to color difference with the urea-formaldehyde material, and simply using PVB powder to modify the urea-formaldehyde particle material will have the problem of uneven appearance, especially after boiling, the uneven appearance is more obvious.
[0038] 4. The product of the present application has low cost: under the condition of having the same crack resistance effect, the percentage content of PVB used in the present application scheme is lower than that of simply using PVB powder.
[0039] 5. In the preparation device of the composite urea-formaldehyde material of the present application, the PVB solution is atomized into fine droplets when leaving the nozzle of the airless spray gun, and its surface area is greatly increased, so that the solvent (anhydrous ethanol) therein can be volatilized relatively quickly; at the same time, when the PVB atomized droplets impact on the urea-formaldehyde granular material, the solvent has not been completely volatilized, and due to the high concentration, high viscosity and high tackiness of the PVB atomized droplets, and the certain impact force, the PVB atomized droplets can be firmly attached to the surface of the urea-formaldehyde granular material.
[0040] 6. The collection system of the preparation device of the composite urea-formaldehyde material of the present application can collect the composite modified granular material by negative pressure, and can also recover the volatilized solvent on the composite modified granular material, thereby reducing the cost.
[0041] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the description, or can be learned by practice of the present application. Other advantages of the present application can be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the description and appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0042] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the technical scheme of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the embodiments of the present application to explain the technical scheme of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical scheme of the present application.
[0043] Figure 1 Process flow chart of step S200 of the present application;
[0044] Figure 2 Enlarged view of the urea-formaldehyde composite material prepared in Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0045] The present application describes a plurality of embodiments, but the description is exemplary rather than limiting, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that there can be more embodiments and implementation schemes within the scope of the embodiments described in the present application. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the drawings and discussed in the specific embodiments, many other combinations of the disclosed features are also possible. Unless specifically limited, any feature of any embodiment can be used in combination with any other feature of any other embodiment, or can replace any other feature of any other embodiment.
[0046] Explanation of raw materials used in the present application:
[0047] Polyvinyl butyral (PVB), viscosity 10S-240S, manufacturer Qingdao Haocheng Chemical.
[0048] Example 1.
[0049] 1) Weighing: PVB and anhydrous ethanol are weighed according to the following weight ratio respectively;
[0050] PVB: ethanol = 15: 100; wherein the viscosity of PVB is 40S.
[0051] 2) Dissolution: Pour the anhydrous ethanol of the above ratio into a container with a stirrer, then dissolve the above PVB into the anhydrous ethanol in batches to obtain a PVB solution.
[0052] 3) Composite modification:
[0053] The urea-formaldehyde particles are loaded into a container with a "one-dimensional" leak, and the leak switch of the container is opened so that the urea-formaldehyde particles fall in the vertical direction. At the same time, the PVB solution in step 2) is atomized and sprayed onto the urea-formaldehyde particle waterfall using an airless spray gun. At this time, the falling flow of urea-formaldehyde particles is 100 g / min, and the spraying flow of PVB atomized spray is 60 g / min; by weight, urea-formaldehyde particles: PVB ≈ 100:8.
[0054] 4) Material collection: A collection system with negative pressure is arranged along the spraying direction of the PVB atomized spray, which collects the composite particles through negative pressure.
[0055] 5) Preparation of composite urea-formaldehyde product: The composite urea-formaldehyde particles obtained in step 4) are molded to obtain a crack-resistant urea-formaldehyde cover product.
[0056] Example 2
[0057] 1) Weighing: PVB and anhydrous ethanol are weighed according to the following weight ratio respectively;
[0058] PVB: ethanol = 5: 100; wherein the viscosity of PVB is 240S.
[0059] 2) Dissolution: Pour the anhydrous ethanol of the above ratio into a container with a stirrer, then dissolve the above PVB into the anhydrous ethanol in batches to obtain a PVB solution.
[0060] 3) Composite modification:
[0061] The urea-formaldehyde particles are loaded into a container with a "one-dimensional" leak, and the leak switch of the container is opened so that the urea-formaldehyde particles fall in the vertical direction. At the same time, the PVB solution in step 2) is atomized and sprayed onto the urea-formaldehyde particle waterfall using an airless spray gun. At this time, the falling flow of urea-formaldehyde particles is 100 g / min, and the spraying flow of PVB atomized spray is 60 g / min; by weight, urea-formaldehyde particles: PVB ≈ 100:8.
[0062] 4) Material collection: A negative pressure collection system is set along the spraying direction of the PVB atomized spray liquid, which collects the composite particles through negative pressure.
[0063] 5) Preparation of composite urea-formaldehyde products: The composite urea-formaldehyde particles obtained in step 4) are subjected to mold pressing to obtain anti-cracking urea-formaldehyde cover plate products.
[0064] Comparative Example 1
[0065] The PVB powder with a viscosity of 40S and the urea-formaldehyde particles are directly mixed in a ratio of 8:100 by mechanical mixing method, and then molded and formed in a mold pressing machine.
[0066] Comparative Example 2
[0067] 1) Weighing: PVB and anhydrous ethanol are weighed in the following weight ratio respectively;
[0068] PVB: ethanol = 5:100; wherein the viscosity of PVB is 240S.
[0069] 2) Dissolution: The anhydrous ethanol in the above ratio is poured into a container with a stirrer, and then the above PVB is gradually dissolved in batches in the above anhydrous ethanol to obtain a PVB solution.
[0070] 3) Composite modification:
[0071] The urea-formaldehyde particles are loaded into a container with a "single" leak, and the leak switch of the container is opened so that the urea-formaldehyde particles fall in the vertical direction. At the same time, the PVB solution in step 2) is atomized and sprayed onto the urea-formaldehyde particle waterfall using an airless spray gun. At this time, the falling flow rate of the urea-formaldehyde particles is 150g / min, and the spraying flow rate of the PVB atomized spray liquid is 30g / min (at this time, urea-formaldehyde particles: PVB ≈ 100:1.42).
[0072] 4) Material collection: A negative pressure collection system is set along the spraying direction of the PVB atomized spray liquid, which collects the composite particles through negative pressure.
[0073] 5) Preparation of composite urea-formaldehyde products: The composite urea-formaldehyde particles obtained in step 4) are subjected to mold pressing to obtain anti-cracking urea-formaldehyde cover plate products.
[0074] Comparative Example 3.
[0075] 1) Weighing: PVB and anhydrous ethanol are weighed in the following weight ratio respectively;
[0076] PVB: ethanol = 15:100; wherein the viscosity of PVB is 40S.
[0077] 2) Dissolution: Pour the above proportion of anhydrous ethanol into a container with a stirrer, then gradually dissolve the above PVB in batches in the above anhydrous ethanol to obtain a PVB solution.
[0078] 3) Composite modification:
[0079] The urea-formaldehyde particles are loaded into a container with a "single" leak, the leak switch of the container is opened, and the urea-formaldehyde particles fall in the vertical direction. At the same time, the PVB solution in step 2) is sprayed onto the urea-formaldehyde particle waterfall using an airless spray gun. At this time, the falling flow of urea-formaldehyde particles is 100 g / min, and the spraying flow of PVB atomized spray is 90 g / min (at this time urea-formaldehyde particles: PVB ≈ 100: 11.7).
[0080] 4) Material collection: A collection system with negative pressure is arranged along the direction of PVB atomized spray, which collects the composite particles through negative pressure.
[0081] 5) Preparation of composite urea-formaldehyde product: The composite urea-formaldehyde particles obtained in step 4) are subjected to mold pressing to obtain a crack-resistant urea-formaldehyde cover plate product.
[0082] Comparative Example 4 .
[0083] Directly mold pressing the urea-formaldehyde particles in the mold pressing machine.
[0084] Experimental Example 1.
[0085] The properties of the urea-formaldehyde products obtained in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
[0086] Table 1
[0087] No. Anti-cracking performance Mechanical load test Other general performance Example 1 OK OK OK Example 2 OK OK OK Comparative Example 1 NG OK OK Comparative Example 2 NG OK OK Comparative Example 3 OK NG OK Comparative Example 4 NG OK OK
[0088] According to Table 1, compared with the comparative examples, the anti-cracking performance of the urea-formaldehyde products prepared in Examples 1-2 is more excellent.
[0089] In addition, from Figure 2 It can be seen that the middle part of the urea-formaldehyde material prepared in the application is urea-formaldehyde particles, and the remaining upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right four parts are PVB. It can be seen that the surface of the urea-formaldehyde particles is locally and unevenly adhered with PVB material, so that PVB can play a good bonding and toughening effect during mold pressing, and at the same time, it can maintain contact with the urea-formaldehyde particles, ensuring the solidification and crosslinking between the urea-formaldehyde particles, and thus ensuring the strength and toughness.
[0090] This application includes and contemplates combinations of features known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments and features disclosed herein can also be combined with any of the conventional features to form a unique and novel application that is still within the scope of the claims. Any feature of any embodiment can also be combined with features from other inventive solutions to form another unique and novel application that is still within the scope of the claims. Thus, it is intended that any feature shown and / or discussed in this application can be implemented alone or in any appropriate combination. Therefore, the embodiments are not to be limited by other limitations, except to the extent that the limitations are recited in the following claims and equivalents thereof. Also, various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the claims.
[0091] Furthermore, in describing representative embodiments, the specification can have presented the method and / or process as a particular sequence of steps. However, to the extent that the method or process depends on the performance of certain steps, the method or process is not limited to the performance of the steps in the specific order described. One of ordinary skill in the art would realize that other steps can be performed or the described steps can be modified, in order to carry out the method or process. Thus, the specific order of the steps recited in the specification is not an inherent part of the embodiments. Further, the recited steps of the claims are not to be construed as being performed in any particular order unless the claims state otherwise.
Claims
1. A urea-formaldehyde composite material, the composition of the urea-formaldehyde composite material being urea-formaldehyde particles and a toughening agent, wherein: the toughening agent is an acetal-based polymer, the toughening agent and urea-formaldehyde particles are (3-8) : 100 by weight; and the preparation method of the urea-formaldehyde composite material comprises the following steps: S100: preparing a toughening agent solution, comprising: S110: weighing each of the toughening agent and a solvent; S120: dissolving the toughening agent in the solvent to obtain the toughening agent solution; S200: preparing the urea-formaldehyde composite material, comprising: S210: loading the urea-formaldehyde particles into a container with a slit, allowing the urea-formaldehyde particles to fall in a vertical direction, while atomizing and spraying the toughening agent solution, so that the sprayed toughening agent mist directly sprays onto the urea-formaldehyde particle waterfall, so that the toughening agent droplets impact the urea-formaldehyde particles and adhere to the surface of the urea-formaldehyde particles to obtain the composite urea-formaldehyde particles; and S220: collecting the composite urea-formaldehyde particles to obtain the urea-formaldehyde composite material; and the toughening agent is selected from one or more of polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl hexyl acetal, and polyvinyl butyl acetal. 2.The urea-formaldehyde composite material of claim 1, wherein the toughening agent is polyvinyl butyl acetal. 3.The urea-formaldehyde composite material of claim 2, wherein the viscosity of the toughening agent is 10S-240S. the alcohol is selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, propylene glycol, or butanol, the ketone is butanone, and the ester is ethyl acetate. 5.The urea-formaldehyde composite material of claim 4, wherein the solvent is anhydrous ethanol. 6.The urea-formaldehyde composite material of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the toughening agent: solvent = (1-12) : 100 by weight. 7.The urea-formaldehyde composite material of any one of claims 1-3, wherein in step S210, the falling flow rate of the urea-formaldehyde particles is 100g-150g / min, and the flow rate of the toughening agent mist is 30g-450g / min. the container with a slit is a container with a "linear” slit; the airless spray gun sprays around the urea-formaldehyde particle waterfall, and the airless spray gun can be one or more; the nozzle of the airless spray gun is designed to spray a "linear” mist surface; the width of the "linear” slit of the container with a "linear” slit is consistent with the width of the "linear” mist surface sprayed by the airless spray gun; and / or in step S220, a collection system is used to collect the composite urea-formaldehyde particles in step S210, wherein the collection system is a collection system capable of generating negative pressure; and the collection system can be arranged along the falling direction of the urea-formaldehyde particles or along the spraying direction of the toughening agent. 8.The urea-formaldehyde composite material of claim 7, wherein the collection system is arranged along the spraying direction of the toughening agent. 9.An article made of the urea-formaldehyde composite material of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the article is a cover plate.
4. The urea-formaldehyde composite according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the solvent in step S110 is an organic solvent selected from one or more of an alcohol, an ether, a ketone or an ester, and wherein 10.The article of claim 9, wherein the article is a toilet cover plate. the composite urea-formaldehyde particles are subjected to mold pressing to obtain the urea-formaldehyde article. The toughener solution is atomized and sprayed out using an airless spray gun, wherein 11. A method of making the article of claim 9 or 10 comprising:
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Preparation of ureaform
US4123570A