Housing, method of manufacturing the same, and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides a shell, a preparation method thereof and an electronic device. The shell comprises a shell body, the shell body comprises a plurality of convex structures, the plurality of convex structures are located on the surface of the shell body, each convex structure comprises a plurality of reflection surfaces, the convex structure is a quadrangular pyramid, and the plurality of reflection surfaces are four reflection surfaces. The reflectivity of the shell body to visible light is greater than or equal to 60%, and the shell body is a glass body. The shell has brighter, more sparkling granular sparkling sand or pearl luster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronics, specifically to a housing, its preparation method, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology and the improvement of living standards, people have put forward higher requirements for the appearance and visual effects of electronic devices. However, the appearance of existing electronic devices is not good enough and cannot meet the needs of consumers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a housing with a brighter, shinier granular glitter or pearlescent effect.

[0004] This application provides a housing, which includes:

[0005] The housing body includes multiple protruding structures located on the surface of the housing body. Each protruding structure includes multiple reflective surfaces. The protruding structure is a square pyramid, and the multiple reflective surfaces are four reflective surfaces. The housing body has a reflectivity of visible light greater than or equal to 60%, and the housing body is a glass body.

[0006] Furthermore, this application also provides a method for preparing a shell, which includes:

[0007] A housing substrate and a frosting solution are provided, wherein the housing substrate is a glass substrate; and

[0008] The shell substrate is immersed in the frosting solution to obtain the shell body, wherein the shell body includes a plurality of protruding structures located on the surface of the shell body, each of the protruding structures includes a plurality of reflective surfaces, the protruding structure is a square pyramid, and the plurality of reflective surfaces are four reflective surfaces; the reflectivity of the shell body is greater than or equal to 60%.

[0009] Furthermore, this application also provides an electronic device comprising:

[0010] Display components;

[0011] The housing described in this application embodiment has an accommodating space, and the housing is used to support the display component; and

[0012] A circuit board assembly is disposed in the accommodating space and electrically connected to the display component for controlling the display component to perform a display.

[0013] The housing in this embodiment includes a housing body, which includes multiple protruding structures located on the surface of the housing body. Each protruding structure includes multiple reflective surfaces. The protruding structure is a square pyramid, and the multiple reflective surfaces consist of four reflective surfaces. The reflective surfaces of the protruding structures can reflect visible light incident on the surface of the housing body. Each reflective surface forms a specular reflection, and the reflective surfaces in different directions reflect the incident visible light in different directions, thereby giving the surface of the housing a glittery or pearlescent effect in different directions. In other words, the surface of the housing body has a granular glitter effect in different directions. Furthermore, the reflectivity of the housing body is greater than or equal to 60%. This means that most of the visible light incident on the surface of the housing body is reflected by the reflective surfaces of the protruding structures, and a small portion of the visible light penetrates the housing body, thus giving the surface of the housing a brighter and shinier granular glittery or pearlescent effect. Moreover, because the multiple reflective surfaces on the multiple protruding structures have different directions, they reflect light incident from the same direction in different directions, thereby achieving an anti-glare effect. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the housing according to an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 2 The housing along one embodiment of this application Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction.

[0017] Figure 3 This is an electron microscope image of a predetermined surface of a housing according to an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 4 This is another embodiment of the housing along the edge of the present application. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction.

[0019] Figure 5 This application Figure 4 Enlarged view of the dashed frame I of the housing in the embodiment.

[0020] Figure 6 This is another embodiment of the housing along the edge of the present application. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of a shell preparation method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart of a shell preparation method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of a shell preparation method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic flowchart of a shell preparation method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 11 This is an electron microscope image of the preset surface of the shell obtained in specific embodiment 1 of this application.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 13 This is a partial exploded structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 14 This is a circuit block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 100-Shell 30-Color Layer

[0031] 101-Accommodation space 50-Bottom cover

[0032] 10-Housing Body 500-Electronic Devices

[0033] 11-Preset Surface 510-Display Component

[0034] 12-Protrusion Structure 530-Circuit Board Assembly

[0035] 121-Reflector 531-Processor

[0036] 13-Bottom 533-Memory

[0037] 14-Side Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] It should be noted that, for ease of explanation, the same reference numerals denote the same components in the embodiments of this application, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments.

[0042] In related technologies, to achieve a frosted or pearlescent effect on the glass surface, a frosting solution is used to etch the glass substrate, forming a pointed, protruding structure on the surface to prepare frosted glass. Although this pointed, protruding structure resembles a pyramid, its regularity is poor; the surface of the pyramid-like structure is mostly incomplete (e.g., with pits), and the number of edges in each pyramid varies. This results in uneven frosted or pearlescent effects across different locations on the glass surface, affecting the visual appearance. Furthermore, the uneven roughness of the frosted glass surface leads to differences in tactile feel, impacting the user experience. In addition, the haze of the frosted glass obtained by this method is 30% to 50%. Since the glass absorbs very little visible light, most of the visible light incident on the frosted glass surface ultimately passes through, with limited reflected visible light. Consequently, the frosted or pearlescent effect of the pointed, protruding structure is weak, and the brightness of the flash points is low. Furthermore, the roughness Ra of the frosted surface obtained by this method is 0.6μm to 1.2μm. At this point, when the fingertip touches the frosted surface, the contact area between the fingertip and the frosted surface is relatively large, resulting in a rough feeling.

[0043] Please see Figures 1 to 4This application provides a housing, which includes: a housing body 10, the housing body 10 including a plurality of protruding structures 12, the plurality of protruding structures 12 being located on the surface of the housing body 10, each of the protruding structures 12 including a plurality of reflective surfaces 121; the housing body 10 having a reflectivity of visible light greater than or equal to 60%, and the housing body 10 being a glass body.

[0044] Optionally, the housing body 10 has a preset surface 11, and the plurality of protrusions 12 are located on the preset surface 11.

[0045] In this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more or at least two positive integers, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc.

[0046] In this application, the term "preset surface 11" refers to the plane obtained by fitting the lowest point of the gap between all adjacent protrusions 12.

[0047] The term "protruding structure 12" in this application refers to a structure formed by a protrusion that protrudes from a preset surface 11 as a reference surface.

[0048] Optionally, the reflectivity of the housing body 10 to visible light can be, but is not limited to, 60%, 63%, 65%, 68%, 70%, 72%, 75%, etc. Further, the reflectivity of the housing body 10 is greater than or equal to 65%. Even further, the reflectivity of the housing body 10 is greater than or equal to 70%. It should be noted that in this embodiment, "reflectivity" and "transmittance" both refer to the reflectivity and transmittance of visible light.

[0049] Optionally, the transmittance of the housing body 10 to visible light is less than or equal to 20%; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 20%, 18%, 15%, 12%, 10%, 8%, 5%, etc. Further, the transmittance of the housing 100 is less than or equal to 16%. Even further, the transmittance of the housing 100 is less than or equal to 10%, etc.

[0050] Optionally, the haze of the housing body 10 is greater than or equal to 97%, specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 97.5%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, etc. When multiple protrusions 12 formed on the preset surface 11 of the housing body 10 are distributed across the entire preset surface 11, most of the visible light that does not pass through the housing body 10 is specularly reflected by the reflective surfaces 121 on the protrusions 12 and ultimately reflected out of the preset surface 11. Less visible light is absorbed or consumed by the housing body 10 due to diffuse reflection. Therefore, the lower the light transmittance and the higher the haze of the housing body 10, the more visible light incident on the surface of the housing body 10 is specularly reflected, thus giving the protrusions 12 of the housing body 10 a brighter and stronger granular flash or pearlescent effect.

[0051] Optionally, multiple protrusions 12 are spaced apart on a preset surface 11. Each protrusion 12 forms a glitter point or glitter flake on the housing body 10, thereby creating a granular, star-like glitter or pearlescent effect on the preset surface 11 of the housing body 10.

[0052] The housing 100 of this application can be applied to portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, desktop computers, smart bracelets, smartwatches, e-readers, and game consoles. Optionally, the housing 100 of this application can be a back cover (battery cover), mid-frame, decorative part, etc., of an electronic device. The housing 100 in the embodiments of this application can be a 2D structure, a 2.5D structure, a 3D structure, etc. Figure 4 As shown, optionally, the housing body 10 has a 3D structure, including a bottom 13 and a side 14. The bottom 13 and the side 14 are bent and connected, and are an integral structure. The bottom 13 and the side 14 enclose an accommodating space 101. In a specific embodiment, the bottom 13 is the back cover of the electronic device, and the side 14 is the middle frame of the electronic device.

[0053] The housing 100 of this application embodiment includes a housing body 10, which includes a plurality of protruding structures 12 located on the surface of the housing body 10. Each protruding structure 12 includes a plurality of reflective surfaces 121. The reflective surfaces 121 of the protruding structures 12 can reflect visible light incident on the surface of the housing body 10. Each reflective surface 121 forms a specular reflection. The reflective surfaces 121 in different directions reflect the incident visible light in different directions, thereby giving the surface of the housing 100 a speckled glitter or pearlescent effect in different directions. In other words, the surface of the housing body 10 has a granular glitter effect in different directions. In addition, the reflectivity of the housing body 10 is greater than or equal to 60%. This means that most of the visible light incident on the surface of the housing body 10 is reflected by the reflective surfaces 121 of the protruding structures 12, and a small portion of the visible light penetrates the housing body 10, thereby giving the surface of the housing 100 a brighter and shinier granular glitter or pearlescent effect. Furthermore, since the multiple reflective surfaces 121 on the multiple protruding structures 12 are oriented differently, light incident from the same direction is reflected to different directions, thereby achieving an anti-glare effect.

[0054] Optionally, the housing body 10 is a glass body. The glass body can be, but is not limited to, at least one of soda-lime silicate glass, high-alumina silicate glass, etc. In this application, the term "at least one" means more than one, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc.

[0055] Optionally, the thickness of the housing body 10 is from 0.3mm to 1mm; specifically, the thickness of the housing body 10 can be, but is not limited to, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, etc. When the housing body 10 is too thin, it cannot provide adequate support and protection, and its mechanical strength cannot adequately meet the requirements of the electronic device housing 100. When the housing body 10 is too thick, it increases the weight of the electronic device, affects its feel, and results in a poor user experience.

[0056] In some embodiments, the roughness Ra of the preset surface 11 is from 1.8 μm to 3.5 μm; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 1.8 μm, 2.0 μm, 2.2 μm, 2.5 μm, 2.8 μm, 3.0 μm, 3.2 μm, 3.5 μm, etc. When the roughness Ra of the preset surface 11 is within this range, when the fingertip touches the preset surface 11, the fingertip basically only contacts the tip of the protruding structure 12, the contact area between the fingertip and the preset surface 11 is reduced, and the touch is smoother. At the same time, the protruding structure 12 has a larger reflective surface 121, which can form a larger area of ​​mirror reflection, thereby making the glitter or pearlescent effect of the preset surface 11 brighter and shinier. When the roughness Ra is less than 1.8 μm, the contact area between the fingertip and the preset surface 11 increases (mainly contacting the bottom of the raised structure 12), and the roughness sensation intensifies. When the roughness Ra is greater than 3.5 μm, the size of the raised structure 12 is too large, and the distance between adjacent raised structures 12 increases. Consequently, the contact area between the fingertip and the preset surface 11 also increases (mainly the side surface of the raised structure 12, i.e., the reflective surface 121), and the roughness sensation intensifies. Unless otherwise specified, the term "roughness" in this application refers to average roughness.

[0057] In some embodiments, the protruding structure 12 is a square pyramid, and the plurality of reflective surfaces 121 are four reflective surfaces 121. The plurality of square pyramids are arranged at intervals or closely on the preset surface 11 of the housing body 10, so as to form a densely packed glittery or pearlescent effect on the preset surface 11 of the housing body 10. The protruding structures 12 on the preset surface 11 of the housing body 10 are all square pyramidal structures, which makes the tactile feel and roughness of the preset surface 11 more uniform at various positions, thereby providing a better feel. The more reflective surfaces 121 on each protrusion 12, the more ridges between adjacent reflective surfaces 121. This requires more energy during crystal growth to produce protrusions 12 with more reflective surfaces 121. When there are more reflective surfaces 121, the height of the resulting protrusion 12 will be lower for the same etching or reaction time, resulting in reduced roughness, less smoothness, and a poorer feel. Conversely, when there are fewer reflective surfaces 121, the height of the resulting protrusion 12 will be higher for the same etching or reaction time. The fingertip can only touch the tip of the protrusion 12, resulting in a smaller contact area between the finger and the pre-designed surface 11, higher roughness, better smoothness, and a better feel. In this embodiment, the multiple protrusions 12 are all square pyramids, and the size (e.g., width) and shape of each pyramid are relatively uniform. During etching, the energy required at each location is similar, resulting in a smoother, better feel, and more uniform glitter or effect at each location.

[0058] Please see Figure 5In some embodiments, the reflective surface 121 is planar, and the angle α between the reflective surface 121 and the preset surface 11 ranges from 120° to 150°; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 120°, 125°, 130°, 135°, 140°, 145°, 150°, etc. An angle α between the reflective surface 121 and the preset surface 11 that is too large or too small will reduce the visibility angle of the glitter on the surface of the housing body 10. When the angle between the reflective surface 121 and the preset surface 11 is too small (less than 120°), it will also reduce the brightness of the glitter; furthermore, the smaller the angle between the reflective surface 121 and the preset surface 11, the sharper the conical tip of the protruding structure 12, resulting in a stronger scratchy feel when touched, affecting the feel of the housing body 10. When the angle α between the reflective surface 121 and the preset surface 11 is in the range of 120° to 150°, the raised structure 12 can have a strong shimmering and pearlescent effect, while also having a good tactile feel. The angle α between the reflective surface 121 and the preset surface 11 refers to the angle between the plane perpendicular to both the reflective surface 121 and the preset surface 11 and the line of intersection between the reflective surface 121 and the preset surface 11.

[0059] Please see Figure 5 In some embodiments, the maximum height h of the protruding structure 12 in the direction perpendicular to the preset surface 11 ranges from 15 μm to 25 μm; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 15 μm, 16 μm, 18 μm, 20 μm, 23 μm, 25 μm, etc. If the maximum height h of the protruding structure 12 is too low (less than 15 μm), the area of ​​the reflective surface 121 is small, which reduces the glitter or pearlescent effect of the preset surface 11. If the maximum height h of the protruding structure 12 is too high (greater than 25 μm), the angle of the reflective surface 121 is too small, and the sharper the tip of the protruding structure 12, the more it will not only reduce the glitter or pearlescent effect, but also have a rough feel, affecting the feel. When the maximum height h of the protruding structure 12 is in the range of 15 μm to 25 μm, the protruding structure 12 can better present a granular, stronger, and brighter glitter effect, while also having a better feel.

[0060] Please see Figure 5In some embodiments, the distance d between two adjacent protrusions 12 ranges from 15 μm to 25 μm; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 15 μm, 16 μm, 18 μm, 20 μm, 23 μm, 25 μm, etc. When the distance d between adjacent protrusions 12 is less than 15 μm, the protrusions 12 grow densely together, resulting in generally small protrusions 12 (or small grains), which reduces the reflective area of ​​the protrusions 12 and weakens the particle flashing effect; when the distance d between adjacent protrusions 12 is greater than 25 μm, the multiple protrusions 12 are more dispersed on the preset surface 11, which easily forms locally large protrusions 12, and easily forms an uneven phenomenon of local flashing and local non-flashing on the preset surface 12. When the distance d between two adjacent protrusions 12 is between 15μm and 25μm, the preset surface 11 of the housing body 10 can have a brighter and shinier granular glitter or pearlescent effect, and the glitter or pearlescent effect at different positions of the preset surface 11 can be made as consistent as possible, thus better avoiding the phenomenon of local glitter and local lack of glitter.

[0061] Please see Figure 5 In some embodiments, the longest distance s of the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the protruding structure 12 onto the preset surface 11 ranges from 40 μm to 160 μm (i.e., the size), meaning the maximum width of the protruding structure 12 is from 40 μm to 160 μm; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 40 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, 140 μm, 160 μm, etc. When the longest distance s of the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the protruding structure 12 onto the preset surface 11 is less than 40 μm, the area of ​​the reflective surface 121 on the protruding structure 12 is smaller, which weakens the glitter or pearlescent effect of the preset surface 11, thereby affecting the glitter or pearlescent effect of the housing body 10. The larger the longest distance s of the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the protruding structure 12 on the preset surface 11, the better the glitter or pearlescent effect. However, when the longest distance s of the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the protruding structure 12 on the preset surface 11 is greater than 160μm, it affects the feel of the shell body 10. Moreover, the protruding structure 12 is visible to the naked eye and will affect the appearance of the shell body 10.

[0062] Please see Figure 6 In some embodiments, the housing 100 of this application embodiment further includes a color layer 30. The color layer 30 is disposed on the surface of the housing body 10 away from the preset surface 11, so that the preset surface 11 side of the housing body 10 exposes a glittery or pearlescent effect with color effect.

[0063] Optionally, the color of the color layer 30 can be one or more of the following, not limited to red, orange, yellow, green, blue, cyan, purple, and pink. Optionally, the thickness of the color layer 30 is 20 μm to 50 μm; specifically, the thickness of the color layer 30 can be, but is not limited to, 20 μm, 25 μm, 28 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, and 50 μm.

[0064] In some embodiments, the color layer 30 is formed by inkjet printing or other methods using colored ink. In other embodiments, the color layer 30 is formed by photocuring colored photocurable adhesive (e.g., UV adhesive). In still other embodiments, the color layer 30 is an optical coating layer. The color layer 30 includes optical coating layers with a first refractive index and optical coating layers with a second refractive index, which are alternately stacked in sequence, wherein the first refractive index and the second refractive index are different. Further, the optical coating layer includes one or more of In, Sn, TiO2, Ti3O5, NbO2, Nb2O3, Nb2O2, Nb2O5, SiO2, ZrO2, or other non-conductive oxides. Optionally, the total thickness of the optical coating layer can be, but is not limited to, 10 nm to 1000 nm; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 10 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 400 nm, 600 nm, 800 nm, 1000 nm, etc. In one embodiment, the number of optical coating layers can be from 3 to 15 layers, specifically, but not limited to, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 layers. Optionally, the thickness of each optical coating layer is from 3 nm to 140 nm, specifically, but not limited to, 3 nm, 5 nm, 8 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 25 nm, 30 nm, 35 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm, 80 nm, 90 nm, 100 nm, 110 nm, 120 nm, 130 nm, and 140 nm. Optionally, the optical coating layer can be formed using one or more of the following techniques: evaporation coating, sputtering coating, and atomic layer deposition (ALD).

[0065] Please see Figure 6 In some embodiments, the housing 100 of this application further includes a bottom cover 50. The bottom cover 50 is disposed on the side of the housing body 10 away from the preset surface 11 to prevent the components inside the electronic device from being exposed on the preset surface 11 side of the housing body 10 when the housing 100 is applied to an electronic device, thus affecting the visual effect of the electronic device.

[0066] In some embodiments, when the housing 100 further includes a color layer 30, the cover layer 50 is disposed on the surface of the color layer 30 away from the housing body 10. In other embodiments, when the housing body 10 does not have a color layer 30, the cover layer 50 is disposed on the surface of the housing body 10 away from the preset surface 11.

[0067] Optionally, the underlayer 50 can be, but is not limited to, a light-blocking ink that absorbs or reflects light. Optionally, the underlayer 50 can be black, white, or gray. Optionally, the thickness of the underlayer 50 is from 5 μm to 50 μm, specifically, the thickness of the underlayer 50 can be, but is not limited to, 5 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 15 μm, 18 μm, 20 μm, 22 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, etc. Optionally, the underlayer 50 can be a single layer or multiple layers, for example, 2, 3, 4, or 5 layers stacked together. When the underlayer 50 is multiple layers, it has a better blocking effect than a single layer. Optionally, the thickness of each layer of the underlayer 50 is from 8 μm to 12 μm, specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, etc. Each cover layer 50 can be formed by the following steps: applying light-shielding ink to the surface of the housing body 10 away from the preset surface 11 or the surface of the color layer 30 away from the housing body 10, and baking it at 70°C to 80°C for 30 to 60 minutes to form the cover layer 50.

[0068] The housing 100 described in the above embodiments of this application can be prepared by the following method. The preparation method of the housing 100 according to the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below.

[0069] Please see Figure 7 This application embodiment also provides a method for preparing a shell 100, the shell 100 including a shell body 10, the method comprising:

[0070] S201, providing a housing substrate and frosting solution; and

[0071] Optionally, the housing substrate is a glass substrate, which may be, but is not limited to, at least one of sodium-calcium silicate glass substrate, high-alumina silicate glass substrate, etc.

[0072] Optionally, the frosting solution includes hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, ammonium bifluoride, barium sulfate, and water. In the frosting solution, barium sulfate acts as a nucleating agent. When the glass substrate is immersed in the frosting solution, hydrofluoric acid reacts with the silica in the glass substrate to form fluorosilicates. The fluorosilicates (such as potassium fluorosilicate, sodium fluorosilicate, ammonium fluorosilicate, etc.) crystallize at a temperature below the crystallization temperature, coating the outer surface of the nucleating agent (barium sulfate), thereby forming fluorosilicate crystals on the surface of the glass. This prevents the silica on the surface of the glass substrate covered by fluorosilicate crystals from continuing to react with hydrofluoric acid, while the silica on the surface of the glass substrate not covered by fluorosilicate crystals continues to react with hydrofluoric acid, thereby forming an uneven structure (i.e., protruding structure 12) on the surface of the shell substrate. When fluorosilicate is added to the frosting solution, a large amount of fluorosilicate is already present in the solution when the glass substrate is immersed in it. Therefore, crystallization occurs rapidly from the outset, covering the surface of the glass substrate. This premature coating of the glass surface with fluorosilicate crystals results in a weaker, or even nonexistent, shimmering or pearlescent effect on the raised structures 12 of the resulting shell body 10. In this embodiment, no fluorosilicate is added to the frosting solution. Therefore, when the glass substrate is immersed in the frosting solution, fluorosilicate needs to be formed first, followed by crystallization. This allows for a more moderate crystallization rate, resulting in the better formation of large, pyramidal raised structures 12. Consequently, the resulting shell body 10 exhibits a brighter and stronger shimmering or pearlescent effect.

[0073] The specific chemical reaction equation between silica and frosting solution is as follows:

[0074] 4HF + SiO2 → SiF4 + 2H2O

[0075] SiF4 + 2HF → H2SiF6

[0076] H2SiF6+2NH4 + →(NH4)2SiF6+2H +

[0077] Further, the frosting solution comprises the following components in weight fractions: 26% to 30% hydrochloric acid, 10% to 15% hydrofluoric acid, 30% to 35% ammonium bifluoride, 3% to 5% barium sulfate, and 15% to 20% water. Specifically, the weight fraction of hydrochloric acid may be, but is not limited to, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, etc. The weight fraction of hydrofluoric acid may be, but is not limited to, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, etc. The weight fraction of ammonium bifluoride may be, but is not limited to, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, etc. The weight fraction of barium sulfate may be, but is not limited to, 3%, 4%, 5%, etc. Unless otherwise specified, percentages, fractions, and parts in this application refer to weight percentages, weight fractions, and weight parts.

[0078] Optionally, the barium sulfate particle size is from 100 nm to 500 nm; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 100 nm, 150 nm, 200 nm, 250 nm, 300 nm, 350 nm, 400 nm, 450 nm, 500 nm, etc. When the barium sulfate particle size is too small (less than 100 nm), the barium sulfate particles do not have a sufficiently large surface energy to adsorb onto the glass substrate surface and act as a nucleating agent for fluorosilicate crystals. It is difficult to cover the surface of the glass substrate with fluorosilicate crystals, thereby forming a square pyramidal protrusion structure 12. In other words, it is impossible to form a glitter sand structure. When the barium sulfate particle size is too large (greater than 500 nm), the barium sulfate particles easily settle in the frosting solution and deposit at the bottom of the etching tank. When the glass substrate is immersed in the frosting solution, the glass substrate is generally located in the middle part of the frosting solution, and the barium sulfate particles cannot be adsorbed onto the surface of the glass substrate. Without a nucleating agent, it is difficult to cover the surface of the glass substrate with fluorosilicate crystals, thus forming a pyramidal protrusion structure 12. In other words, it is impossible to form a frosted structure. When the barium sulfate particle size is between 100 nm and 500 nm, the barium sulfate particles can have a sufficiently large surface energy to adsorb onto the surface of the glass substrate, while the rate of barium sulfate settling can be reduced as much as possible. Unless otherwise specified, the particle size in the embodiments of this application refers to the average particle size.

[0079] In some embodiments, the frosting solution further includes 3% to 5% thickener, specifically, but not limited to, 3%, 4%, 5%, etc. The thickener increases the viscosity of the frosting solution, reduces the settling rate of particles such as barium sulfate, and results in more uniformly dispersed barium sulfate particles in the frosting solution. This allows the predetermined surface 11 of the shell body 10 to better form a pyramidal glitter sand structure, resulting in a better glitter sand or pearlescent effect. Optionally, the thickener is starch. When the thickener content is too high (greater than 5%), the viscosity of the frosting solution is too high, affecting the reaction between the frosting solution and the shell substrate. When the thickener content is too low (less than 3%), it cannot effectively prevent the settling of particles such as barium sulfate.

[0080] S202, the housing substrate is immersed in the frosting liquid to obtain the housing body 10, wherein the housing body 10 includes a plurality of protruding structures 12, the plurality of protruding structures 12 are located on the surface of the housing body 10, and each of the protruding structures 12 includes a plurality of reflective surfaces 121; the reflectivity of the housing body 10 is greater than or equal to 60%.

[0081] Specifically, the frosting solution is placed in an etching tank (e.g., an etching tank 1.3m long, 1.3m wide, and 1.2m deep, with a frosting solution volume of 550kg). Optionally, the etching tank includes an automatic stirring device, a temperature control device, and an automatic liquid suction and drainage device. During etching, the automatic stirring device is activated to ensure a more uniform overall concentration of the frosting solution, thus better preventing the sedimentation of particles such as barium sulfate.

[0082] Optionally, the temperature of the frosting solution (i.e., the temperature during frosting etching) is 10°C to 15°C; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 10°C, 11°C, 12°C, 13°C, 14°C, 15°C, etc. When the temperature of the frosting solution is too high (greater than 15°C), the activation energy of the etching reaction is high, and coarse grains easily form at locations with defects such as microcracks, chipping, and microbubbles on the surface of the shell substrate (such as glass substrate). This results in strong localized frosting or pearlescent effects on the predetermined surface 11 of the shell body 10, and weak localized frosting or pearlescent effects, affecting the visual effect of the predetermined surface 11 of the shell body 10. When the temperature of the frosting solution is too low (less than 10°C), the reaction rate between silicon dioxide and hydrofluoric acid is too slow, resulting in a slower formation rate of fluorosilicates, thereby reducing the formation rate of fluorosilicate crystals on the surface of the shell substrate, and thus affecting the formation of the frosting structure on the surface of the shell substrate.

[0083] Optionally, immersing the housing substrate in the frosting solution includes: immersing the housing substrate in the frosting solution along a preset direction within 3 seconds, wherein the angle between the preset direction and the extension direction of the housing substrate is 0° to 15°. For example, the housing substrate may be immersed in the frosting solution within 1 second, 2 seconds, or 3 seconds. When the housing substrate is a 2D structure, the extension direction of the housing substrate refers to the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the housing, in other words, the plane where the preset surface is located. When the housing substrate is a 3D structure, the extension direction of the substrate extends to the extension direction of the bottom of the housing substrate.

[0084] Optionally, the angle between the preset direction and the extension direction of the housing substrate can be, but is not limited to, 0°, 3°, 5°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 15°, etc. When the angle between the preset direction and the extension direction of the housing substrate is 0°, the housing substrate is inserted perpendicularly into the frosting liquid. When the angle between the preset direction and the extension direction of the housing substrate is between 0° and 15°, the contact area between the housing substrate and the frosting liquid is smaller at the moment the housing substrate contacts the frosting liquid, resulting in less resistance during insertion. This better prevents the frosting liquid from splashing during the insertion process (if inserted horizontally, i.e., with the large surface of the housing substrate facing the frosting liquid, splashing of the frosting liquid is more likely to occur).

[0085] In one specific embodiment, when the shell substrate has a flat structure with adjacent long side and short side, the shell substrate enters the frosting liquid in a preset direction. This can be either the shell substrate entering in the direction of the long side facing the frosting liquid or the shell substrate entering in the direction of the short side facing the frosting liquid. This application does not specifically limit this.

[0086] Optionally, immersing the housing substrate in the frosting solution includes: immersing the housing substrate in the frosting solution along a preset direction at a first velocity, wherein the angle between the preset direction and the extending direction of the housing substrate is 0° to 15°. Optionally, the first velocity is greater than 1800 mm / s; specifically, the velocity at which the housing substrate enters the frosting solution can be, but is not limited to, 1801 mm / s, 2000 mm / s, 2500 mm / s, 3000 mm / s, 3500 mm / s, etc. Optionally, the angle between the preset direction and the extending direction of the housing substrate can be, but is not limited to, 0°, 3°, 5°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 15°, etc. When the angle between the preset direction and the extension direction of the housing substrate is 0° to 15°, the contact area between the housing substrate and the frosting liquid is small at the moment the housing substrate comes into contact with the frosting liquid, and the resistance encountered during insertion is smaller. This can better prevent the frosting liquid from splashing during the insertion of the housing substrate (if it is inserted horizontally, that is, the surface of the large surface of the housing substrate faces the frosting liquid, it is easy to cause the frosting liquid to splash).

[0087] Typically, the shell substrate has a certain length. Immersing the shell substrate in the frosting solution within 3 seconds, or at a speed greater than 1800 mm / s, minimizes the immersion time. This reduces the time difference in immersion time between different parts of the shell substrate, ensuring that the shape and size of the protruding structures 12 on the predetermined surface 11 of the resulting shell body 10 are as similar as possible, and that the glitter or pearlescent effect is as consistent as possible across all locations. This better avoids differences in the glitter or pearlescent effect at different locations of the resulting shell body 10, resulting in a better visual effect.

[0088] For a detailed description of the housing body 10, please refer to the description of the corresponding part of the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] Please see Figure 8 This application embodiment also provides a method for preparing a shell 100, the shell 100 including a shell body 10, the method comprising:

[0090] S201 provides housing substrate and frosting liquid;

[0091] S202, the shell substrate is immersed in the frosting solution, and

[0092] For a detailed description of steps S201 and S202 in this embodiment, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7 The detailed description of the embodiments will not be repeated here.

[0093] S203, the shell substrate is swung back and forth in the frosting liquid to obtain the shell body 10, wherein the shell body 10 includes a plurality of protruding structures 12, the plurality of protruding structures 12 are located on the surface of the shell body 10, and each of the protruding structures 12 includes a plurality of reflective surfaces 121; the reflectivity of the shell body 10 is greater than or equal to 60%.

[0094] Optionally, the shell substrate is oscillated back and forth in the frosting solution along a preset direction at a second speed to promote the formation of crystal nuclei (in other words, nucleation) of barium sulfate and fluorosilicate on the surface of the shell substrate. The angle between the preset direction and the extending direction of the shell substrate is 0° to 15°. When the shell substrate oscillates back and forth along the preset direction, the resistance of the frosting solution to the shell substrate is reduced, which better prevents the frosting solution from splashing. Oscillation of the shell substrate provides kinetic energy for the formation of crystal nuclei on the surface of the shell substrate, which is beneficial for nucleation and thus promotes the formation of fluorosilicate crystals on the surface of the shell substrate. This facilitates the formation of a pyramidal protrusion structure 12, increases the nucleation speed, and reduces the preparation time of the shell 100.

[0095] The term "nucleation" in this application refers to the process by which, after a period of time, many small atomic clusters begin to appear in the liquid phase when it is supercooled to the actual crystallization temperature. When these small atomic clusters reach a certain critical size, they become crystal nuclei that can exist stably and grow spontaneously. This process is called nucleation.

[0096] Optionally, the second velocity is between 2000 mm / s and 2800 mm / s; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 2000 mm / s, 2200 mm / s, 2400 mm / s, 2500 mm / s, 2600 mm / s, 2800 mm / s, etc. When the second velocity is below 2000 mm / s, the kinetic energy of nucleation (i.e., the formation of crystal nuclei) is insufficient, and the number of barium sulfate nucleated pyramidal crystals adhering to the surface of the shell substrate (such as a glass surface) is insufficient to achieve the effect of particle flashing; when the second velocity is 2800 mm / s, the nucleation kinetic energy is high, and the nucleation on the surface of the shell substrate is dense. Each crystal nucleus is in a competitive relationship with each other during the generation process, which easily causes the crystal growth space in local areas to be blocked, the crystal cannot grow, and the crystal in local areas is huge, resulting in the size and shape of the protrusion structure 12 on the surface of the shell body 10 being uneven, with some areas being particularly bright and flashy, and some areas not bright or flashy enough, affecting the visual effect of the shell 100. When the second velocity is between 2000 mm / s and 2800 mm / s, it can provide sufficient kinetic energy for nucleation and make the number and density of particles adsorbed on the surface of the shell substrate more uniform and moderate, thereby making the surface of the shell body 10 more uniformly formed with a square pyramidal granular glitter or pearlescent effect.

[0097] Optionally, the amplitude of the back-and-forth swing is 5cm to 12cm, specifically, but not limited to 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm, 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, etc. When the amplitude of the back-and-forth swing is less than 5cm, the generated kinetic energy is insufficient, resulting in insufficient nucleation on the surface of the shell substrate. Consequently, the size of the protruding structure 12 on the surface of the final shell body 10 is too small, and the resulting glitter is not sparkly enough, or even cannot be formed at all. When the swing amplitude is greater than 12cm, the nucleating agent (barium sulfate) usually undergoes partial sedimentation in the frosting solution in the etching tank. This results in a higher concentration of barium sulfate in the frosting solution near the bottom of the etching tank and a lower concentration in the frosting solution far from the bottom of the etching tank. When the swing amplitude is too large, more nucleation occurs in the part of the shell substrate near the bottom of the etching tank and fewer nucleation occurs in the part far from the bottom of the etching tank. As a result, the size of the protruding structures 12 at different positions of the shell body 10 is uneven, and the glitter or pearlescent effect varies at different positions. Some areas may have glitter or pearlescent effect, while others may not, or some areas may have a stronger glitter or pearlescent effect while others may have a weaker glitter or pearlescent effect, thus affecting the visual effect of the shell body 10.

[0098] Optionally, during the back-and-forth swinging, when the housing substrate swings to the position closest to the surface of the frosting solution, the clamp for holding the housing substrate is positioned 8cm to 12cm below the surface of the frosting solution; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 8cm, 9cm, 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, etc. Some particles such as barium sulfate in the frosting solution will settle, and there is a difference in the concentration of barium sulfate particles at the bottom of the etching tank and at positions farther from the bottom. Positions with higher concentrations of barium sulfate particles (i.e., closer to the bottom of the etching tank) have a faster reaction rate, while positions with lower concentrations (i.e., farther from the bottom of the etching tank) have a slower reaction rate. If the housing substrate is placed too close to the bottom of the frosting solution, it is not conducive to forming a uniformly sized and shaped protrusion structure 12 on the surface of the housing substrate, resulting in differences in the glitter or pearlescent effect at different locations of the manufactured housing body 10, affecting the visual effect of the housing body 10.

[0099] Optionally, the back-and-forth oscillation time is 10s to 30s; specifically, it can be, but is not limited to, 10s, 12s, 15s, 18s, 20s, 23s, 25s, 28s, 30s, etc. If the back-and-forth oscillation time is too short (less than 10s), the barium sulfate crystal nuclei will not be sufficiently adsorbed onto the surface of the shell substrate (such as a glass surface), and the number of adsorbed nuclei will be small. This can easily lead to the phenomenon of detachment and insufficient crystal growth during the later crystallization process (i.e., the crystal nucleus growth process), resulting in a weaker granular glitter or pearlescent effect on the obtained shell body 10, thus affecting the visual effect of the shell body 10. If the back-and-forth oscillation time is too long (above 30 seconds), a large number of barium sulfate crystal nuclei will be adsorbed onto the surface of the shell substrate (such as a glass surface). During the crystallization process, this can easily lead to competitive growth among the crystal nuclei, forming huge crystals and thus large protrusions 12. This results in uneven size and shape of the protrusions 12 on the surface of the shell body 10, with some areas having very large protrusions 12 with exceptionally high brightness and brilliance, while others have very small protrusions 12 with exceptionally low brightness and brilliance, affecting the visual effect of the shell body 10. When the back-and-forth oscillation time is between 10 and 30 seconds, not only can the barium sulfate crystal nuclei be better adsorbed onto the surface of the shell substrate, but also without excessive adsorption. This results in more uniform size and shape of the protrusions on the surface of the shell body 10, producing a better granular glitter or pearlescent effect.

[0100] For a detailed description of the same features as those in the above embodiments, please refer to the above embodiments, and they will not be repeated here.

[0101] The method for preparing the shell 100 in this embodiment involves immersing the shell substrate in a frosting solution and then oscillating the shell substrate back and forth in the frosting solution. This provides kinetic energy for the formation of crystal nuclei on the surface of the shell substrate, which is beneficial for promoting the nucleation of the shell substrate surface and promoting the formation of fluorosilicate crystals on the surface of the shell substrate. As a result, the predetermined surface 11 of the prepared shell body 10 has a relatively uniformly distributed and sized quadrangular pyramidal protrusion structure 12, and the reflectivity of visible light is greater than or equal to 60%. This results in the predetermined surface 11 of the prepared shell body 10 having a stronger and shinier sparkling sand or pearlescent effect.

[0102] Please see Figure 9 This application embodiment also provides a method for preparing a shell 100, the shell 100 including a shell body 10, the method comprising:

[0103] S301 provides a housing substrate;

[0104] For a detailed description of the housing substrate, please refer to the description in the corresponding section of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0105] S302, A protective layer is formed on the surface of the housing substrate other than the surface to be treated;

[0106] Optionally, an acid-resistant ink layer or acid-resistant protective oil can be sprayed or coated onto the surface of the housing substrate other than the surface to be treated to obtain a protective layer. The protective layer can prevent the surface other than the surface to be treated from being corroded by the frosting solution. The ink has good stability in the frosting solution and will not react with the frosting solution. Moreover, the frosting is easy to remove after it is formed.

[0107] In one specific embodiment, the housing substrate has a 3D structure with a concave surface and a convex surface arranged opposite to each other. The convex surface is the surface to be treated. An acid-resistant protective ink is sprayed onto the concave surface of the housing substrate to form a protective layer.

[0108] S303, the shell substrate is subjected to a first water wash;

[0109] Optionally, the surface of the housing substrate furthest from the surface to be treated is adsorbed onto a fixture with a suction cup, and then automatically conveyed by a servo motor to a first washing tank with a temperature of 20°C to 30°C. The substrate is then immersed in the first washing tank in a preset direction for washing, during which it is oscillated in the preset direction for 80 to 100 seconds, with an oscillation amplitude of less than 10 cm and an oscillation speed of 550 mm / s to 650 mm / s. The first washing removes dust and particulate matter from the surface of the housing substrate and wets the surface, thereby improving the activation effect of subsequent acid washing. Specifically, the oscillation time of the first washing can be, but is not limited to, 80 seconds, 85 seconds, 90 seconds, 95 seconds, 100 seconds, etc. The oscillation speed of the first washing can be, but is not limited to, 550 mm / s, 580 mm / s, 600 mm / s, 620 mm / s, 650 mm / s, etc. The oscillation amplitude of the first water wash can be, but is not limited to, 9.8cm, 9cm, 8cm, 7cm, 6cm, and 5cm. The temperature of the first water wash tank can be, but is not limited to, 20℃, 22℃, 25℃, 28℃, and 30℃. The oscillation during the first water wash provides kinetic energy to clean dust and particles adhering to the surface of the shell substrate (such as a glass surface). By adjusting the vibration time, vibration amplitude, and vibration speed, the adhering substances on the surface of the shell substrate can be removed with less energy, preventing the raised structure 12 on the surface of the shell 100 from being affected during the subsequent sand etching of the shell substrate surface.

[0110] S304, the shell substrate is subjected to a first acid pickling;

[0111] Optionally, the shell substrate is removed from the first water washing tank and placed in the first pickling tank in a preset direction for the first pickling. The shell substrate is then swung in the preset direction for 110 to 130 seconds, with a swung amplitude of less than 10 cm and a swung speed of 850 to 950 mm / s. The first pickling tank contains a first pickling solution with a temperature of 28°C to 32°C. The first pickling is used to remove organic impurities, oil stains, alkaline deposits, etc., from the surface of the shell substrate, and to remove oxide impurities from the surface of the shell substrate, exposing the shell substrate body (glass body) to activate the surface of the shell substrate. Specifically, the swung time of the first pickling can be, but is not limited to, 110 s, 115 s, 120 s, 125 s, 130 s, etc. The swung speed of the first pickling can be, but is not limited to, 850 mm / s, 880 mm / s, 900 mm / s, 920 mm / s, 950 mm / s, etc. The oscillation amplitude of the first pickling step can be, but is not limited to, 9.8cm, 9cm, 8cm, 7cm, 6cm, or 5cm. The temperature of the first pickling tank can be, but is not limited to, 28℃, 29℃, 30℃, 31℃, or 32℃. The first pickling tank is an activation tank. The oscillation during the first pickling provides kinetic energy to remove oil and alkaline deposits from the glass surface. By adjusting the vibration time, amplitude, and speed, the deposits on the surface of the shell substrate can be removed with less energy. A temperature slightly higher than room temperature can improve activation efficiency. If the glass is not activated (or not fully activated) before entering the frosting solution, due to the obstruction of the surface oxide layer, there will be more frosting byproducts and weaker crystal adhesion, which are easily detached by kinetic energy impact, affecting the final appearance of the shell 100.

[0112] Optionally, the first pickling solution comprises sulfuric acid with a mass concentration of 3% to 5%, nitric acid with a mass concentration of 5% to 7%, and hydrofluoric acid with a mass concentration of 8% to 10%. In one specific embodiment, the first pickling solution comprises sulfuric acid with a mass concentration of 4%, nitric acid with a mass concentration of 6%, and hydrofluoric acid with a mass concentration of 9%.

[0113] S305, the shell substrate is subjected to a second water wash;

[0114] Optionally, the shell substrate is removed from the first pickling tank and placed in a second water washing tank in a predetermined direction for washing. The shell substrate is agitated in the predetermined direction to wash away any residual pickling solution on its surface, preventing secondary reactions caused by the residual pickling solution and avoiding excessive or over-corrosion of the predetermined surface 11. The agitation time is 80 to 100 seconds, the agitation amplitude is less than 10 cm, the agitation speed is 550 mm / s to 650 mm / s, and the temperature of the second water washing tank is 20°C to 30°C. Specifically, the agitation time of the second water washing can be, but is not limited to, 80 seconds, 85 seconds, 90 seconds, 95 seconds, 100 seconds, etc. The agitation speed of the second water washing can be, but is not limited to, 550 mm / s, 580 mm / s, 600 mm / s, 620 mm / s, 650 mm / s, etc. The agitation amplitude of the second water washing can be, but is not limited to, 9.8 cm, 9 cm, 8 cm, 7 cm, 6 cm, 5 cm. The temperature of the second water washing tank can be, but is not limited to, 20℃, 22℃, 25℃, 28℃, 30℃, etc. The purpose of the second water washing oscillation is to quickly clean the glass surface of the pickling solution. By adjusting the vibration time, vibration amplitude, and vibration speed, a better removal effect can be achieved with minimal energy consumption. If the second water washing speed is slow, secondary activation is likely to occur, which will corrode more of the glass body and produce more pickling by-products. This will have a significant impact on the uniformity of the frosting effect and the adhesion of crystals, thereby affecting the uniformity of the raised structure 12 on the surface of the shell body 100.

[0115] S306, Cool the housing substrate to a preset temperature;

[0116] Optionally, the shell substrate is removed from the second water washing tank and placed in a cooling tank along a predetermined direction, and left to stand for 80 to 100 seconds to cool the shell substrate to a predetermined temperature. Optionally, the cooling tank includes cooling water with a temperature of 10°C to 15°C. Optionally, the predetermined temperature is equal to the temperature of the frosting solution, for example, a predetermined temperature of 10°C to 15°C. In a specific embodiment, when the shell substrate is in the cooling tank, the clamp is located 8 cm to 10 cm below the surface of the cooling water. Specifically, during cooling, the standing time of the shell substrate can be, but is not limited to, 80 seconds, 85 seconds, 90 seconds, 95 seconds, 100 seconds, etc. The temperature of the cooling water can be, but is not limited to, 10°C, 11°C, 12°C, 13°C, 14°C, 15°C, etc. The predetermined temperature can be, but is not limited to, 10°C, 11°C, 12°C, 13°C, 14°C, 15°C, etc.

[0117] Before etching, the shell substrate is cooled to a preset temperature (i.e., the temperature at which the frosting solution is used for etching). This can better prevent the shell substrate from being too hot when it first enters the frosting solution, which would cause it to react with the frosting solution and generate too many byproducts, affecting the shape and size of the protrusion structure 12 on the preset surface 11 of the shell body 10, and thus affecting the glitter or pearlescent effect of the shell body 10.

[0118] S307, Immerse the shell substrate in the frosting solution;

[0119] For a detailed description of the frosting liquid, please refer to the description in the corresponding section of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0120] S308, the housing substrate is oscillated back and forth in the frosting liquid;

[0121] For a detailed description of steps S307 and S308, please refer to the description of the corresponding parts of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0122] S309, the shell substrate is placed in the frosting liquid for 60s to 80s to form a first intermediate shell body;

[0123] Optionally, the back-and-forth oscillation is stopped, and the shell substrate is left to stand in the frosting solution for 60 to 80 seconds to allow sufficient time for the crystal nuclei to grow and form crystals covering the surface to be treated, thereby forming multiple pyramidal protrusions 12 on the surface of the shell substrate. It is understood that the first intermediate shell body includes a protective layer, a shell body 10, and a crystalline layer stacked sequentially. The crystalline layer is formed on a predetermined surface 11 of the shell body 10.

[0124] Specifically, the settling time can be, but is not limited to, 60s, 65s, 70s, 75s, 80s, etc. When the settling time is too short (less than 60s), the crystal nuclei do not have enough time to grow sufficiently, and the granular glitter or pearlescent effect of the resulting shell 100 is not obvious. When the settling time is too long (greater than 80s), the crystals on the preset surface of the shell body 10 grow too large, and giant crystals are easily formed in local areas. The uniformity of the size of the protrusion structure on the surface of the resulting shell 100 is poor; in other words, the uniformity of the glitter is poor. When the settling time is between 60s and 80s, the crystal nuclei have enough time to grow without growing too large, thus forming a more uniform glitter effect.

[0125] S310, the first intermediate shell body is subjected to a third water wash;

[0126] Optionally, the first intermediate shell body is removed from the etching tank and rapidly swung in the air to remove residual etching solution, preventing secondary reaction and over-etching between the intermediate shell body and the frosting solution. The first intermediate shell body is then placed in a third water washing tank along a predetermined direction and left to stand in water at a temperature of 20°C to 30°C for 80 to 100 seconds to remove residual frosting solution from the surface of the first intermediate shell body. At this time, the fixture is positioned 8 to 10 cm below the cooling water surface. Specifically, the standing time for the third water washing can be, but is not limited to, 80 seconds, 85 seconds, 90 seconds, 95 seconds, or 100 seconds. The temperature of the third water washing tank can be, but is not limited to, 20°C, 22°C, 25°C, 28°C, or 30°C.

[0127] S311, perform a second acid wash to remove the crystals on the surface of the first intermediate shell body to obtain the second intermediate shell body;

[0128] Optionally, the first intermediate shell body is removed from the third water washing tank and placed in a second pickling tank along a preset direction for a second pickling. The first intermediate shell body is swung along the preset direction for 110 to 130 seconds, with a swung amplitude of less than 10 cm and a swung speed of 850 to 950 mm / s. The second pickling tank contains a second pickling solution, and the temperature of the second pickling solution is 20°C to 30°C. The second pickling is used to remove fluorosilicate and other crystalline substances from the surface of the first intermediate shell body. Specifically, the swung time of the second pickling can be, but is not limited to, 110 s, 115 s, 120 s, 125 s, 130 s, etc. The swung speed of the second pickling can be, but is not limited to, 850 mm / s, 880 mm / s, 900 mm / s, 920 mm / s, 950 mm / s, etc. The swung amplitude of the second pickling can be, but is not limited to, 9.8 cm, 9 cm, 8 cm, 7 cm, 6 cm, 5 cm. The temperature of the second pickling tank can be, but is not limited to, 20℃, 22℃, 25℃, 28℃, 30℃, etc. During the second pickling, agitation can help the fluorosilicate crystals dissolve better in dilute sulfuric acid, thereby removing the crystals on the surface of the shell body 10.

[0129] Optionally, the second pickling solution comprises a 3% (w / w) aqueous solution of sulfuric acid.

[0130] S312, perform a fourth water wash on the second intermediate shell body; and

[0131] Optionally, the second intermediate shell body is removed from the second pickling tank and placed into the fourth water washing tank in a predetermined direction. The shell body 10 is then swung in the predetermined direction to wash away the dilute sulfuric acid remaining on the surface of the shell body 10. The swung time is 80 to 100 seconds, the swung amplitude is less than 10 cm, the swung speed is 550 mm / s to 650 mm / s, and the temperature of the fourth water washing tank is 20°C to 30°C. Specifically, the swung time of the fourth water washing can be, but is not limited to, 80 seconds, 85 seconds, 90 seconds, 95 seconds, 100 seconds, etc. The swung speed of the fourth water washing can be, but is not limited to, 550 mm / s, 580 mm / s, 600 mm / s, 620 mm / s, 650 mm / s, etc. The swung amplitude of the fourth water washing can be, but is not limited to, 9.8 cm, 9 cm, 8 cm, 7 cm, 6 cm, 5 cm. The temperature of the fourth water rinsing tank can be, but is not limited to, 20℃, 22℃, 25℃, 28℃, 30℃, etc. During the fourth water rinse, the oscillation function further cleans away any crystals that were not completely dissolved in the second acid pickling tank; in addition, the fourth water rinsing tank can also wash away acid from the glass surface to prevent injury during subsequent operations.

[0132] S313, the second intermediate shell body is subjected to alkaline washing to obtain the shell body, wherein the shell body 10 includes a plurality of protruding structures 12, the plurality of protruding structures 12 are located on the surface of the shell body 10, and each of the protruding structures 12 includes a plurality of reflective surfaces 121; the reflectivity of the shell body 10 is greater than or equal to 60%.

[0133] Specifically, the second intermediate shell body is removed from the fourth water washing tank and placed in a strong alkali at a temperature above 85°C to remove the ink protective layer, thus obtaining the shell body 10. Specifically, the temperature for removing the protective layer can be, but is not limited to, 85°C, 88°C, 88°C, 90°C, 93°C, 95°C, 100°C, etc.

[0134] Optionally, the strong base can be a strongly alkaline solution such as an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide. Further, the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide is from 8 wt% to 32 wt%, specifically, the concentration can be, but is not limited to, 8 wt%, 10 wt%, 12 wt%, 15 wt%, 18 wt%, 20 wt%, 23 wt%, 25 wt%, 28 wt%, 30 wt%, 32 wt%, etc. In addition, other alkaline solutions can also be used, and this application does not specifically limit them.

[0135] For a detailed description of the same features as those in the above embodiments, please refer to the above embodiments, and they will not be repeated here.

[0136] Please see Figure 10This application embodiment also provides a method for preparing a shell 100, wherein the shell 100 includes a shell body 10, a color layer 30, and a cover layer 50 stacked sequentially, and the method includes:

[0137] S401 provides housing substrate and frosting liquid;

[0138] S402, Immerse the shell substrate in the frosting solution;

[0139] S403, the shell substrate is swung back and forth in the frosting liquid to obtain the shell body 10, wherein the shell body 10 includes a plurality of protruding structures 12, the plurality of protruding structures 12 are located on the surface of the shell body, and each of the protruding structures 12 includes a plurality of reflective surfaces 121; the reflectivity of the shell body 10 is greater than or equal to 60%.

[0140] For a detailed description of steps S401 to S403, please refer to the description of the corresponding parts of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0141] S404, a color layer 30 is formed on the surface of the housing body 10 away from the protrusion structure 12; and

[0142] In some embodiments, an ink layer or a light-curing adhesive layer is printed or sprayed onto the surface of the housing body 10 away from the preset surface 11 (i.e., the raised structure 12) using ink or light-curing adhesive, and after curing, a color layer 30 is formed.

[0143] In other embodiments, one or more of In, Sn, TiO2, Ti3O5, NbO2, Nb2O3, Nb2O2, Nb2O5, SiO2, ZrO2, or other non-conductive oxides are used as materials, and one or more of evaporation coating processes, sputtering coating processes, and atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques are employed to form an optical coating layer as the color layer 30.

[0144] For a detailed description of color layer 30, please refer to the description of the corresponding part of the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0145] S405, a cover layer 50 is formed on the surface of the color layer 30 away from the housing body.

[0146] Optionally, the opaque ink is applied to the surface of the color layer 30 and baked at 70°C to 80°C for 30 to 60 minutes to form the cover layer 50.

[0147] For a detailed description of the same features as those in the above embodiments, please refer to the above embodiments, and they will not be repeated here.

[0148] The housing 100 of this application embodiment will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0149] Examples 1 to 6

[0150] The housing 100 of each embodiment is prepared by the following steps:

[0151] 1) Preparation of frosting solution: Weigh out hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, ammonium fluoride, barium sulfate, starch and water according to the weight content of each frosting solution component in Table 1, stir evenly at room temperature, and mature for 25 hours to obtain frosting solution; wherein, the particle size of barium sulfate is 200nm.

[0152] 2) Spray an ink layer onto the surface of the glass except for the surface to be treated, and then perform water washing, acid washing and other steps to obtain ink glass;

[0153] 3) Immerse the ink-coated glass vertically into the frosting solution from step 1) at the first speed;

[0154] 4) Swing the ink glass back and forth in the frosting liquid at a second speed along a preset direction;

[0155] 5) Stop swinging back and forth and let it stand still for a while;

[0156] 6) Remove the crystals and ink layer to obtain the housing 100 of this embodiment.

[0157] The process conditions for preparing the shell 100 in the above embodiments are shown in Table 1 below.

[0158] Table 1. Process parameters during shell preparation in Examples 1 to 6.

[0159]

[0160]

[0161] The performance parameters of the housing 100 obtained in the above embodiments were tested, and the test structure is shown in Table 2 below. (The attached table is missing from the original text.) Figure 11 An electron microscope image of the predetermined surface 11 of the housing 100 prepared in Example 1.

[0162] Table 2 Performance parameters of the shells obtained in Examples 1 to 6

[0163]

[0164] The performance parameters of the shell measured in Table 2 are all average values.

[0165] The maximum height h, the longest distance s, and the spacing between adjacent protrusions 12 in the various embodiments of this application were obtained by electron microscopy. Haze was measured using a haze meter, transmittance was measured using a transmittance meter (wavelength 550nm), roughness was measured using a roughness meter, and reflectance was measured using a visible light transmittance / reflectance meter (e.g., BTR-1S).

[0166] Please see Figures 12 to 13 This application also provides an electronic device 500, which includes: a display component 510, a housing 100 as described in this application embodiment, and a circuit board assembly 530. The display component 510 is used for display; the housing 100 is used to support the display component 510; the circuit board assembly 530 is disposed between the display component 510 and the housing 100, and is electrically connected to the display component 510, for controlling the display component 510 to display. In some embodiments, the housing 100 has an accommodating space 101, the circuit board assembly 530 is located within the accommodating space 101, and the display component 510 is also used to close the accommodating space 101; in other words, the housing 100 and the display component 510 enclose a closed accommodating space 101.

[0167] The electronic device 500 in this application embodiment can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, desktop computer, smart bracelet, smartwatch, e-reader, game console, and other portable electronic devices.

[0168] For a detailed description of the housing 100, please refer to the description of the corresponding part of the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0169] Optionally, the display component 510 may be, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: liquid crystal display component, light-emitting diode display component (LED display component), micro light-emitting diode display component (Micro LED display component), mini LED display component, organic light-emitting diode display component (OLED display component).

[0170] Please see also Figure 14 Optionally, the circuit board assembly 530 may include a processor 531 and a memory 533. The processor 531 is electrically connected to the display assembly 510 and the memory 533, respectively. The processor 531 is used to control the display assembly 510 to perform a display, and the memory 533 is used to store the program code required for the processor 531 to run, the program code required to control the display assembly 510, the display content of the display assembly 510, etc.

[0171] Optionally, the processor 531 includes one or more general-purpose processors 531, wherein the general-purpose processor 531 can be any type of device capable of processing electronic instructions, including a central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, microcontroller, main processor, controller, and ASIC, etc. The processor 531 is used to execute various types of digital storage instructions, such as software or firmware programs stored in memory 533, which enables the computing device to provide a wide range of services.

[0172] Optionally, memory 533 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM); memory 533 may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory (FM), hard disk drive (HDD), or solid-state drive (SSD). Memory 533 may also include combinations of the above types of memory.

[0173] In this application, the terms "embodiment" and "implementation" mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of these phrases in various locations throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor are they independent or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand, explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments. Furthermore, it should be understood that the features, structures, or characteristics described in the various embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined to form another embodiment that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this application, provided there is no contradiction between them.

[0174] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of this application should not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A housing, characterized in that, include: The housing body includes multiple protruding structures located on its surface. Each protruding structure includes multiple reflective surfaces, which are quadrangular pyramids, and the multiple reflective surfaces consist of four surfaces. The housing body has a visible light reflectivity greater than or equal to 60%, and is made of glass. The maximum height of each protruding structure ranges from 15 μm to 25 μm along a direction perpendicular to the housing body. The spacing between two adjacent protruding structures ranges from 15 μm to 25 μm. The housing body has a preset surface, and the multiple protruding structures are located on this preset surface. The longest distance between the regions enclosed by the orthographic projections of the protruding structures onto the preset surface ranges from 40 μm to 160 μm.

2. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmittance of the housing body to visible light is less than or equal to 20%.

3. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The haze of the shell body is greater than or equal to 97%.

4. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflective surface is a plane, and the angle between the reflective surface and the preset surface ranges from 120° to 150°.

5. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the shell body ranges from 0.3 mm to 1 mm.

6. The housing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The roughness Ra of the preset surface is 1.8 μm to 3.5 μm.

7. The housing according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The housing also includes: A color layer; the color layer is disposed on the surface of the housing body away from the protruding structure; and A cover layer; the cover layer is disposed on the surface of the color layer away from the housing body.

8. A method for preparing a shell, characterized in that, include: A housing substrate and a frosting solution are provided, wherein the housing substrate is a glass substrate; and The housing substrate is immersed in the frosting solution to obtain a housing body, wherein the housing body includes a plurality of protruding structures located on the surface of the housing body, each of the protruding structures including a plurality of reflective surfaces, the protruding structure being a square pyramid, and the plurality of reflective surfaces comprising four reflective surfaces; the reflectivity of the housing body is greater than or equal to 60%; the maximum height of the protruding structure along a direction perpendicular to the housing body ranges from 15 μm to 25 μm; the spacing between two adjacent protruding structures ranges from 15 μm to 25 μm; the housing body has a preset surface, the plurality of protruding structures are located on the preset surface, and the longest distance of the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the protruding structure on the preset surface ranges from 40 μm to 160 μm.

9. The method for preparing the shell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of immersing the shell substrate in the frosting solution includes: The shell substrate is immersed in the frosting liquid within 3 seconds along a preset direction, wherein the angle between the preset direction and the extension direction of the shell substrate is 0° to 15°.

10. The method for preparing the shell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of immersing the shell substrate in the frosting solution includes: The shell substrate is immersed in the frosting liquid along a preset direction at a first speed greater than 1800 mm / s, wherein the angle between the preset direction and the extension direction of the shell substrate is 0° to 15°.

11. The method for preparing the shell according to claim 8, characterized in that, After immersing the shell substrate in the frosting solution, the method further includes: The housing substrate is swung back and forth in the frosting liquid.

12. The method for preparing the shell according to claim 11, characterized in that, The step of oscillating the shell substrate back and forth in the frosting liquid includes: The shell substrate is oscillated back and forth in the frosting liquid along a preset direction at a second speed, wherein the second speed is 2000 mm / s to 2800 mm / s, and the angle between the preset direction and the extension direction of the shell substrate is 0° to 15°.

13. The method for preparing the shell according to claim 12, characterized in that, The amplitude of the back-and-forth swing is 5cm to 12cm, and the duration of the back-and-forth swing is 10s to 30s.

14. The method for preparing the shell according to claim 11, characterized in that, When the shell substrate swings back and forth, when the shell substrate swings to the position closest to the surface of the frosting liquid, the clamp for holding the shell substrate is located 8cm to 12cm below the surface of the frosting liquid.

15. The method for preparing the shell according to claim 11, characterized in that, After the shell substrate is swung back and forth in the frosting liquid, the method further includes: The shell substrate is left to stand in the frosting solution for 60 to 80 seconds.

16. The method for preparing the shell according to any one of claims 8-15, characterized in that, The frosting solution comprises the following components by weight fraction: 26% to 30% hydrochloric acid; 10% to 15% hydrofluoric acid; 30% to 35% ammonium bifluoride; 3% to 5% barium sulfate; and 15% to 20% water.

17. The method for preparing the shell according to claim 16, characterized in that, The frosting solution also includes 3% to 5% of a thickener, wherein the thickener is starch.

18. The method for preparing the shell according to claim 16, characterized in that, The barium sulfate has a particle size of 100 nm to 500 nm.

19. The method for preparing the shell according to any one of claims 8-15, characterized in that, The temperature of the frosting solution is 10°C to 15°C.

20. The method for preparing the shell according to any one of claims 8-15, characterized in that, Before immersing the housing substrate in the frosting solution, the method further includes: The shell substrate is washed with water, acid-washed, and cooled to a preset temperature of 10°C to 15°C.

21. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Display components; The housing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the housing being used to support the display assembly; as well as A circuit board assembly is disposed between the housing and the display assembly and is electrically connected to the display assembly for controlling the display assembly to perform a display.

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