A device and method for spatial alignment of hole-shaft axis

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for spatial alignment of hole-axis axes. The device and method utilize a high-precision non-contact displacement sensor to measure the relative positions of the end faces of the shaft and hole to be aligned and the relative positions of the axes, thereby achieving parallelism of the shaft and hole end faces and spatial alignment of the shaft and hole axes in steps. The method utilizes a non-contact measurement method, which is flexible and reliable. There is no measurement error caused by contact stress during measurement. Compared with existing methods of naked eye observation or manual measurement, the method has higher accuracy and is suitable for occasions where alignment accuracy is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical measurement docking, and in particular to a device and method for spatial alignment of hole-shaft axes. Background Art

[0002] Hole structures and shaft structures often need to be aligned in the field of mechanical engineering. Currently, in actual engineering, hole-shaft axis alignment is mainly completed through visual observation and manual measurement. However, this method is not suitable for situations where alignment accuracy is high. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new method for spatial alignment of hole-shaft axes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a device and method for spatial alignment of hole-shaft axes, which can measure and indicate the rotation adjustment direction and displacement adjustment direction of the hole in real time through a displacement sensor to achieve hole-shaft axis alignment.

[0004] To achieve this purpose, the present invention proposes the following technical solution: a spatial alignment device for the hole axis, wherein the device takes the center of the circle where the hole end face is located as the coordinate origin, the vertical upward direction is the positive direction of the Z axis, the X axis is parallel to the axis of the hole 1, and the direction from the coordinate origin pointing to the inside of the hole is the positive direction of the X axis.

[0005] The device comprises six non-contact displacement sensors mounted on the peripheral structure of the hole and a surface parallel measurement reference piece mounted on the shaft;

[0006] The six non-contact displacement sensors, wherein the measuring directions of three of the non-contact displacement sensors are along the axial direction of the hole and are parallel to the X-axis, and the relative distance between the three non-contact displacement sensors along the X-axis is 0;

[0007] The measuring directions of the other three non-contact displacement sensors are along the radial direction of the hole, wherein the measuring directions of two of the non-contact displacement sensors are parallel to the Y axis and in opposite directions, and the line connecting the centers of the probes is perpendicular to and intersects the axis of the hole; the measuring direction of the probe of the other non-contact displacement sensor is parallel to the Z axis, and the straight line formed by the center of the probe and the measuring direction is perpendicular to and intersects the axis of the hole, and the distances between the probes of the other three non-contact displacement sensors and the axis of the hole are the same;

[0008] The surface parallel measurement reference piece is parallel to the shaft end face.

[0009] Preferably, the measuring direction is along the axial direction of the hole for three non-contact displacement sensors, wherein the line connecting the probe centers of the first non-contact displacement sensor and the second non-contact displacement sensor is parallel to the Y axis, and the distance between the probe centers of the two is L1; the line connecting the probe centers of the first non-contact displacement sensor and the third non-contact displacement sensor is parallel to the Z axis, and the distance between the probe centers of the two is L2.

[0010] A method for spatial alignment of hole-shaft axes, the method being based on the above-mentioned hole-shaft axis spatial alignment device, comprising:

[0011] S1: Adjust the position of the hole so that the readings of all non-contact displacement sensors are within the measuring range;

[0012] S2: Use three non-contact displacement sensors with the measuring direction along the axial direction of the hole to measure and adjust the parallelism of the end faces of the hole and the shaft;

[0013] S3: Use three non-contact displacement sensors with the measuring direction along the radial direction of the hole to measure and adjust the alignment of the axis of the hole and the shaft in space.

[0014] Preferably, the S2 includes:

[0015] S21: checking the readings A1 and A2 of the first non-contact displacement sensor and the second non-contact displacement sensor of the three non-contact displacement sensors whose measuring directions are along the axial direction of the hole;

[0016] S22: Determine the size of the readings A1 and A2; if A1 and A2 are not equal, the adjustment hole is rotated in the positive or negative direction around the Z axis until A1 = A2 and then go to the next step; if A1 and A2 are the same, go to the next step;

[0017] S23: Checking the readings A1 and A3 of the first non-contact displacement sensor and the third non-contact displacement sensor;

[0018] S24: Determine the size of the readings A1 and A3; if A1 and A3 are not equal, adjust the hole to rotate in the positive or negative direction around the Y axis until A1 = A3 and the end faces of the hole and the shaft are parallel; if A1 = A3, no adjustment is required.

[0019] Preferably, the S3 includes:

[0020] S31: Check the readings A4 and A5 of two non-contact displacement sensors whose measurement directions are parallel to the Y axis;

[0021] S32: Determine the readings A4 and A5. If A4 and A5 are not equal, the adjustment hole moves in the positive or negative direction along the Y axis until A4 = A5 and then proceeds to the next step; if A4 and A5 are the same, proceeds to the next step;

[0022] S33: Checking a reading A4 of one of the non-contact displacement sensors whose measuring directions are parallel to the Y axis and a reading A6 of the non-contact displacement sensor whose measuring directions are parallel to the Z axis;

[0023] S34: Determine the readings A4 and A6. If A4 and A6 are not equal, adjust the hole to move in the positive or negative direction along the Z axis until A4=A6, thereby completing the spatial alignment of the hole and the shaft axis. If A4 and A6 are the same, then complete the spatial alignment of the hole and the shaft axis.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the device and method for spatial alignment of the hole-axis axis proposed in this application utilize a high-precision non-contact displacement sensor to measure the relative position between the axis of the axis to be aligned and the axis of the hole, and realize the parallelism of the end faces of the axis and the hole and the spatial alignment of the axis of the shaft and hole in steps. The method adopts a non-contact measurement method, which is flexible and reliable. There is no measurement error caused by contact stress during measurement. Compared with the existing naked eye observation or manual measurement method, it has higher accuracy and can be used in occasions with higher alignment accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the hole-shaft axis spatial alignment device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of installing a non-contact displacement sensor on the peripheral structure of the hole in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the parallel measurement reference member on the axis in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the hole and shaft axes before spatial alignment in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for spatially aligning the axis of a hole and a shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] In the figure: 1. Hole 2. Non-contact displacement sensor I 3. Non-contact displacement sensor II 4. Non-contact displacement sensor V 5. Sensor fixing part II 6. Shaft 7. Surface parallel measurement reference part 8. Non-contact displacement sensor VI 9. Sensor fixing part III 10. Non-contact displacement sensor III 11. Non-contact displacement sensor IV 12. Sensor fixing part I DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described herein are intended to help readers understand the principles of the present invention, and it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to such specific descriptions and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific variations and combinations based on the technical teachings disclosed in the present invention without departing from the essence of the present invention, and such variations and combinations are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] This application first proposes a hole-shaft axis spatial alignment device as an embodiment, see Figures 1 to 3 First, establish a coordinate system with the center of the circle where the end face of hole 1 is located as the coordinate origin, the vertical upward direction is the positive direction of the Z axis, the X axis is parallel to the axis of hole 1, and the direction from the coordinate origin to the inside of the hole is the positive direction of the X axis.

[0034] As shown in the figure, the device mainly includes 6 non-contact displacement sensors installed on the peripheral structure of hole 1 and a surface parallel measurement reference installed on shaft 6;

[0035] The six non-contact displacement sensors installed on the peripheral structure of hole 1 are divided into two groups according to different measuring directions, and each group includes three non-contact displacement sensors.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the measurement directions of non-contact displacement sensors I2, II3, and III10 are all along the axial direction of hole 1. They are primarily used to measure the perpendicularity between the end face of shaft 6 and the axis of hole 1, that is, the parallelism between the end faces of shaft 6 and hole 1. These three non-contact displacement sensors are arranged at three different locations on the periphery of hole 1. These three locations are not collinear, and the relative distance between the probes along the X-axis is 0. The measurement directions are all parallel to the X-axis. When the readings of the three non-contact displacement sensors are identical (or within a specified error range) through measurement indication and movement adjustment of hole 1, the parallelism between the end faces of hole 1 and shaft 6 is considered to be achieved.

[0037] In non-contact displacement sensor I2, non-contact displacement sensor II3 and non-contact displacement sensor III10, the line connecting the probe centers of non-contact displacement sensor I2 and non-contact displacement sensor II3 is parallel to the Y axis, and the distance between the probe centers of the two is L1; the line connecting the probe centers of non-contact displacement sensor I2 and non-contact displacement sensor III10 is parallel to the Z axis, and the distance between the probe centers of the two is L2.

[0038] The non-contact displacement sensor IV11, the non-contact displacement sensor V4 and the non-contact displacement sensor VI8 are respectively installed on the peripheral structure of the hole 1 through the sensor fixing part I12, the sensor fixing part II5 and the sensor fixing part III9, and their measuring directions are along the radial direction of the hole 1. The measuring directions of the non-contact displacement sensor IV11 and the non-contact displacement sensor V4 are parallel to the Y axis and the measuring directions are opposite, and the line connecting the centers of the two probes is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the hole 1; the measuring direction of the probe of the non-contact displacement sensor VI8 is parallel to the Z axis, and the straight line formed by the center of the probe and the measuring direction is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the hole; the distances between the non-contact displacement sensor IV11, the non-contact displacement sensor V4 and the non-contact displacement sensor VI8 and the axis of the hole 1 are the same.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the surface parallel measurement reference part 7 is installed on the shaft 6. The installation of the surface parallel measurement reference part should ensure that: the end face of the surface parallel measurement reference part 7 is parallel to the end face of the shaft 6. When the end face parallel measurement is performed, the surface parallel measurement reference part 7 serves as the measurement reference surface of the non-contact displacement sensor I2, the non-contact displacement sensor II3 and the non-contact displacement sensor III10.

[0040] Based on the above device, this application proposes a method for aligning the axis of the hole in space. Figures 4 and 5 , Figure 4 The relative positions of the hole and shaft before the axis of the hole and shaft are aligned in space are shown. The process is as follows Figure 5 Shown, including:

[0041] S1: Adjust the position of the hole so that the readings of all non-contact displacement sensors are within the measuring range;

[0042] S2: Use non-contact displacement sensor I2, non-contact displacement sensor II3, and non-contact displacement sensor III10 to measure and adjust the parallelism between the end faces of the hole and the shaft;

[0043] S21: Check the readings A1 and A2 of the non-contact displacement sensor I2 and the non-contact displacement sensor II3;

[0044] S22: Determine the size of the readings A1 and A2; if A1>A2, adjust the hole Figure 1 The Z axis shown rotates in the positive direction (determine the positive direction of rotation according to the right-hand screw rule) until A1=A2 and then go to the next step; if A1<A2, the adjustment hole rotates around Figure 1 Rotate the Z axis in the negative direction (determine the negative direction according to the right-hand screw rule) until A1 = A2, then go to the next step; if A1 and A2 are the same, no adjustment is required, and go directly to the next step;

[0045] S23: Check the readings A1 and A3 of the non-contact displacement sensor I2 and the non-contact displacement sensor III10;

[0046] S24: Determine the size of the readings A1 and A3; if A1>A3, adjust the hole diameter as follows Figure 1 Rotate the Y axis in the negative direction (determine the negative direction according to the right-hand screw rule) until A1=A3, completing the parallelism between the end faces of the hole and the shaft; if A1<A3, adjust the hole around as shown. Figure 1 Rotate the Y axis in the positive direction (determine the positive direction according to the right-hand screw rule) until A1 = A3, and the end faces of the hole and the shaft are parallel. If A1 = A3, no adjustment is required, and the end faces of the hole and the shaft are parallel.

[0047] S3: Use non-contact displacement sensor IV11, non-contact displacement sensor V4 and non-contact displacement sensor VI8 to measure and adjust the alignment of the axis of the hole and the shaft in space.

[0048] S31: Check the readings A4 and A5 of the non-contact displacement sensor IV11 and the non-contact displacement sensor V4;

[0049] S32: Determine the size of the readings A4 and A5; if A4>A5, the adjustment hole is moved in the negative direction along the Y axis until A4=A5, and then the next step is executed; if A4<A5, the adjustment hole is moved in the positive direction along the Y axis until A4=A5, and then the next step is executed; if A4 and A5 are the same, no adjustment is required and the next step is executed directly;

[0050] S33: Check the reading A4 of the non-contact displacement sensor IV11 and the reading A6 of the non-contact displacement sensor VI8;

[0051] S34: Determine the readings A4 and A6. If A4>A6, the adjustment hole is moved in the negative direction of the Z axis until A4=A6, and the axis of the hole and the shaft are aligned in space. If A4<A6, the adjustment hole is moved in the positive direction of the Z axis until A4=A6, and the axis of the hole and the shaft are aligned in space. If A4 and A6 are the same, the axis of the hole and the shaft are aligned in space.

[0052] As an embodiment, the non-contact displacement sensor selected for the alignment of the hole axis is a laser sensor with a resolution of 0.0025 mm and a repeatability of ±0.01 mm.

Claims

1. A device for spatially aligning a hole axis, wherein the device establishes a coordinate system with the center of the circle on which the hole end face is located as the coordinate origin, the X axis being parallel to the hole axis, and the direction from the hole center to the top of the hole as the positive direction of the Z axis; characterized in that: The device comprises six non-contact displacement sensors mounted on the peripheral structure of the hole and a surface parallel measurement reference piece mounted on the shaft; The six non-contact displacement sensors, wherein the measuring directions of three of the non-contact displacement sensors are along the axial direction of the hole and are parallel to the X-axis, and the relative distance between the three non-contact displacement sensors along the X-axis is 0; the measuring directions of the other three non-contact displacement sensors are along the radial direction of the hole, wherein the measuring directions of two of the non-contact displacement sensors are parallel to the Y-axis and the measuring directions are opposite, and the line connecting the centers of the probes is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the hole; the measuring direction of the probe of another non-contact displacement sensor is parallel to the Z-axis, and the straight line formed by the center of the probe and the measuring direction is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the hole, and the distances between the probes of the other three non-contact displacement sensors and the axis of the hole are the same; The surface parallel measurement reference piece is parallel to the shaft end face; The three non-contact displacement sensors have their measuring directions along the axial direction of the hole, wherein the line connecting the centers of the probes of the first non-contact displacement sensor and the second non-contact displacement sensor is parallel to the Y axis, and the distance between the centers of the two probes is L1; the line connecting the centers of the probes of the first non-contact displacement sensor and the third non-contact displacement sensor is parallel to the Z axis, and the distance between the centers of the two probes is L2; The three non-contact displacement sensors are arranged at three different positions of the peripheral structure of the hole, and these three positions are not collinear, and the relative distance of the probes along the X-axis direction is 0.

2. A method for spatial alignment of hole-axis axes, characterized in that: The method is based on the hole-shaft axis spatial alignment device according to claim 1, and includes: S1: Adjust the position of the hole so that the readings of all non-contact displacement sensors are within the measuring range; S2: Use three non-contact displacement sensors with the measuring direction along the axial direction of the hole to measure and adjust the parallelism of the end faces of the hole and the shaft; S3: Measure and adjust the spatial alignment of the hole and shaft axes using three non-contact displacement sensors whose measuring directions are along the radial direction of the hole; The S2 includes: S21: checking the readings A1 and A2 of the first non-contact displacement sensor and the second non-contact displacement sensor of the three non-contact displacement sensors whose measuring directions are along the axial direction of the hole; S22: Determine the size of the readings A1 and A2; if A1 and A2 are not equal, the adjustment hole is rotated in the positive or negative direction around the Z axis until A1 = A2 and then go to the next step; if A1 and A2 are the same, go to the next step; S23: Checking the readings A1 and A3 of the first non-contact displacement sensor and the third non-contact displacement sensor; S24: Determine the size of the readings A1 and A3; if A1 and A3 are not equal, adjust the hole to rotate in the positive or negative direction around the Y axis until A1 = A3 and the end faces of the hole and the shaft are parallel; if A1 = A3, no adjustment is required; The S3 includes: S31: Check the readings A4 and A5 of two non-contact displacement sensors whose measurement directions are parallel to the Y axis; S32: Determine the readings A4 and A5. If A4 and A5 are not equal, the adjustment hole moves in the positive or negative direction along the Y axis until A4 = A5 and then proceeds to the next step; if A4 and A5 are the same, proceeds to the next step; S33: Checking a reading A4 of one of the non-contact displacement sensors whose measuring directions are parallel to the Y axis and a reading A6 of the non-contact displacement sensor whose measuring directions are parallel to the Z axis; S34: Determine the readings A4 and A6. If A4 and A6 are not equal, adjust the hole to move in the positive or negative direction along the Z axis until A4=A6, thereby completing the spatial alignment of the hole and the shaft axis. If A4 and A6 are the same, then complete the spatial alignment of the hole and the shaft axis.

Images