A process for reinforcing ancient building rammed earth walls with a combination of wood structure and bamboo reinforcement

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for reinforcing an ancient building rammed earth wall by combining a wood structure and bamboo reinforcement. Before reinforcement, a certain number of holes are drilled in the existing rammed earth wall and loose soil on the wall surface is removed. Then, an interface agent is sprayed on the surface of the existing rammed earth wall, the surface of the bamboo reinforcement net and the wood structural columns in contact with the wall surface. The wood structural columns and the bamboo reinforcement net are fixed to the existing rammed earth wall by through-bolts, and the wood structural columns and the bamboo reinforcement net are connected by bamboo nails. Then, soil grouting material is used to fill the gap between the wood structural columns and the existing rammed earth wall. Then, the surface layer of the newly added rammed earth wall is rammed until below the wood ring beam. Finally, the wood ring beam coated with the interface agent is installed, and the surface layer of the newly added rammed earth wall is located below the wood ring beam. The top ends of the wood ring beam and the wood structural columns on both sides, i.e., the intersection nodes of the wood structural columns and the wood ring beam, are connected by flat irons. The wood ring beam and the wood structural columns on both sides form a door frame shape, which can have good bearing capacity and earthquake resistance and can achieve the effect of preserving the original historical style of the building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a process for reinforcing an ancient building rammed earth wall by combining a wood structure with bamboo reinforcements, and belongs to the technical field. Background Art

[0002] Rammed earth walls are extensively used in traditional architecture, ancient city walls, and tombs. Protecting and effectively utilizing historical buildings, especially those with historically valuable rammed earth walls, is a crucial means of preserving a city's historical context and highlighting its culture. This is of vital practical significance for the inheritance and development of national culture and the growth of local tourism economies. In recent years, the state has undertaken large-scale conservation and restoration projects for protected historical buildings. These projects often encounter the urgent need to repair the damage to rammed earth walls.

[0003] Traditional rammed earth wall construction suffers from poor strength and durability. A drawback and bottleneck in the development of traditional rammed earth walls is their lack of strength. Water erosion and soaking can lead to collapse, loss of strength and load-bearing capacity. They are also susceptible to freeze-thaw and wind erosion, which impacts their durability and service life. Due to their age, exposure to wind, rain, and weathering can cause surface loosening, cracks, voids, weathering, bulging, or surface peeling. Furthermore, due to limitations in socioeconomic development and productivity at the time, many historically valuable rammed earth structures were largely unprotected, necessitating urgent attention to their seismic fortification.

[0004] Chinese patent CN213953090U discloses a bamboo reinforcement structure for the restoration of ancient buildings. The bamboo reinforcement is used to improve the overall firmness during pouring. However, the structure is not repaired according to the original form of the building and does not achieve the effect of restoring the old to its original state. This violates the principles of cultural relics and historical sites restoration in the "Guidelines for the Protection of Chinese Cultural Relics and Historic Sites", such as "no change to the original state", "minimum intervention", and "use of appropriate protection technology". Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a process for reinforcing the rammed earth walls of ancient buildings with a combination of wooden structure and bamboo reinforcement, which can provide better bearing capacity and seismic resistance, and can achieve the effect of preserving the original historical style of the building.

[0006] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A process for reinforcing an ancient building rammed earth wall with a combination of a wood structure and bamboo reinforcement comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Drill holes at predetermined locations on the existing rammed earth wall;

[0009] S2: Remove the loose soil on the surface of the existing rammed earth wall;

[0010] S3: Spray interface agent on the surface of the existing rammed earth wall, the surface of the bamboo reinforcement mesh, and the wooden structural columns in contact with the wall;

[0011] S4: Anchor the bamboo reinforcement mesh between two wooden structural columns with bamboo nails;

[0012] S5: Two wooden structural columns and bamboo reinforcement mesh are fixed to the surfaces of the left and right ends of the existing rammed earth wall through through-bolts and matching holes;

[0013] S6: High-pressure injection of soil grouting material to fill the gap between the wooden structural columns and the existing rammed earth wall;

[0014] S7: ramming the surface layer of the newly added rammed earth wall until the top of the rammed earth wall;

[0015] S8: Use through-bolts to fix the wooden ring beam sprayed with interface agent to the upper surface of the existing rammed earth wall. The surface of the newly added rammed earth wall is located under the wooden ring beam.

[0016] S9: The wooden ring beam and the wooden structural columns at both ends are fixedly connected by flat irons;

[0017] S10: Fill the gap between the wooden ring beam and the existing rammed earth wall with soil grouting material injected under high pressure, and cure for one month to complete the reinforcement.

[0018] Wherein, in step S3:

[0019] The interface agent is made of vinyl acetate-ethylene.

[0020] Wherein, the bamboo reinforcement net is an oblique bamboo reinforcement net made by weaving.

[0021] The woven oblique bamboo rib net is woven into a mesh surface that is staggered up and down by weaving oblique bamboo pieces arranged in the directions of 45 degrees and 135 degrees in a picking-one-pressing-one manner.

[0022] Wherein, fixed lock buckles are installed at the intersection points of the bamboo bars of the bamboo bar net.

[0023] The bamboo reinforcement net and bamboo nails are made of moso bamboo.

[0024] Wherein, the wooden structural columns and wooden ring beams are made of fir.

[0025] Wherein, the flat iron is an "L"-shaped flat iron.

[0026] Wherein, in step S9:

[0027] The thickness of the surface layer of the newly added rammed earth wall is 80mm-120mm.

[0028] Wherein, in step S9:

[0029] The rammed earth material used for the surface layer of the newly added rammed earth wall is mainly fine aggregate.

[0030] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The invention is easy to construct, does not need to fall off the frame, is simple to operate, is fast to reinforce, and has high economic benefits; it can achieve the bearing capacity and seismic performance of the newly built rammed earth wall, and for the rammed earth wall with historical value, it can preserve the original historical style of the original building, keep the reinforced rammed earth wall consistent with the original style, and achieve the effect of repairing the old as it was.

[0032] At the same time, this device is designed to quickly produce a bamboo rib mesh by fixing different bamboo strips on the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate respectively, and then changing the ups and downs of the bamboo strips through the squeezing plate, and then sliding the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate so that the above groups of strips are plugged into each other, achieving a weaving effect of picking one and pressing one. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall reinforcement effect of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the oblique bamboo rib net woven according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed lock buckle of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a front view of the bamboo rib net device made in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a rear view of the bamboo reinforcement net device made in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 A half-section view of the first mounting plate of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a half-section view of the second mounting plate of the present invention.

[0040] The reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0041] 1. Existing rammed earth wall; 2. Wooden structural column; 3. Bamboo reinforcement mesh; 4. Through bolts; 5. Earth grouting material; 6. New rammed earth wall surface; 7. Wooden ring beam; 8. Flat iron; 9. Bamboo nails; 10. Fixed lock; 11. Base; 12. Slide rail; 13. Bracket; 14. Connecting rod; 15. First mounting plate; 16. Second mounting plate; 17. Extrusion plate; 18. Buckle; 19. Supporting bump; 20. Binding strap; 21. Fixing block; 22. Triangular base plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 7 , the invention provides a technical solution:

[0044] A process for reinforcing an ancient building rammed earth wall with a combination of a wood structure and bamboo reinforcement comprises the following steps:

[0045] Before reinforcement, a certain number of holes are drilled in the existing rammed earth wall 1 and loose soil on the wall surface is removed. Then, the interface agent is sprayed on the surface of the existing rammed earth wall 1, the surface of the bamboo reinforcement net 3 and the wooden structural columns 2 in contact with the wall surface, and the wooden structural columns 2 and the bamboo reinforcement net 3 are fixed to the existing rammed earth wall 1 by through bolts 4. The wooden structural columns 2 and the bamboo reinforcement net 3 are connected by bamboo nails 9; then the gap between the wooden structural columns 2 and the existing rammed earth wall 1 is filled with soil grouting material 5; then the newly added rammed earth wall surface layer 6 is rammed until it reaches the bottom of the wooden ring beam 7; finally, the wooden ring beam 7 coated with the interface agent is installed, and the newly added rammed earth wall surface layer 6 is located below the wooden ring beam 7. The two ends of the wooden ring beam 7 and the top ends of the wooden structural columns 2 on both sides, that is, the intersection nodes of the wooden structural columns 2 and the wooden ring beam 7, are connected with flat irons 8, and the wooden ring beam 7 and the wooden structural columns 2 on both sides form a door frame shape.

[0046] Holes are drilled at predetermined locations on the existing rammed earth wall 1. The overall hole shape is "door" to facilitate the insertion of the through bolts 4. The size of the holes should match the size of the through bolts 4. The number of holes should not be too many and should be evenly distributed to prevent excessive weakening of the wall.

[0047] Removing loose soil from the surface of the existing rammed earth wall 1 reduces the effect of increased cross-section after reinforcement, preventing the thickness of the reinforced wall from being much greater than the original wall thickness. This loose soil can also affect the connection between the new and old rammed earth walls, resulting in insufficient connectivity between the walls.

[0048] An interface agent is sprayed on the surface of the existing rammed earth wall 1, the surface of the bamboo reinforcement net 3 and the wooden structural column 2 in contact with the wall surface. The bamboo reinforcement net 3 is made of a woven oblique bamboo reinforcement net. The woven oblique bamboo reinforcement net weaves oblique bamboo pieces arranged in the 45-degree direction and the 135-degree direction into a mesh surface staggered up and down by picking and pressing. The bamboo reinforcement net 3 made by the weaving process has a stronger connection and better integrity. Fixed lock buckles 10 are installed at some of the bamboo reinforcement intersections, that is, polygonal stainless steel fixed lock buckles are used to wrap the oblique bamboo reinforcement intersections at the oblique bamboo reinforcement intersections, and nails are driven into the stainless steel surface by a rivet gun to form a closed loop of the stainless steel fixed lock buckles. When installing the fixed lock buckles 10, there is no need to drill holes in the bamboo reinforcements, which avoids the bamboo reinforcements from splitting and damaging at the fixed lock buckles. At the same time, the integrity of the bamboo reinforcement net 3 with the fixed lock buckles 10 is significantly improved, and when subjected to external force, it is effectively prevented that a single bamboo reinforcement occurs bulging or pulling out.

[0049] The purpose of connecting the wooden structural column 2 and the bamboo reinforcement net 3 through the bamboo nails 9 is to fix the position of the bamboo reinforcement net 3 so that the bamboo reinforcement net 3 can bear the force and move together with the structure, preventing the bamboo reinforcement net 3 from being pulled out due to insufficient soil grip, resulting in structural damage.

[0050] Anchor the bamboo reinforcement net 3 between the two wooden structural columns 2 with bamboo nails 9; the two wooden structural columns 2 and the bamboo reinforcement net 3 are fixed to the surfaces of the left and right ends of the existing rammed earth wall 1 through the matching holes of the through-bolts 4;

[0051] The function of the soil grouting material 5 is to fill the gap between the wooden structural column 2 and the existing rammed earth wall 1, so that the structure is more compact and the connection effect between the wooden structural column 2 and the existing rammed earth wall 1 is better.

[0052] The rammed earth used is primarily fine aggregate, with a newly rammed earth layer thickness of 100mm. Too thick would have affected the original structure's usable space, while too thin would have been inconvenient to construct. The newly rammed earth surface restores any damage to the building's appearance during the reinforcement process, preserving the building's original historical atmosphere and achieving a restored, preserving-as-it-was effect.

[0053] A flat iron 8 is used at the intersection of the wooden structural column 2 and the wooden ring beam 7. The flat iron 8 is "L"-shaped, and its two ends are fixed above the wooden structural column 2 and the wooden ring beam 7 respectively, so that the wooden structural column 2 and the wooden ring beam 7 form a frame system, which bears force and deforms together, effectively improving the bearing capacity and seismic performance.

[0054] The bamboo reinforcement net 3 and the bamboo nails 9 are made of moso bamboo.

[0055] The wooden structural columns 2 and the wooden ring beam 7 are made of fir wood.

[0056] A device for making a bamboo reinforcement net, see Figures 4 to 7, including a base 11, slide rails 12 are provided on the front and rear sides of the base 11, brackets 13 are slidably connected to the two side slide rails 12, connecting rods 14 are fixedly connected to the tops of the two brackets 13, a first mounting plate 15 and a second mounting plate 16 are respectively fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two connecting rods 14, an extrusion plate 17 is provided on the back of the first mounting plate 15, the extrusion plate 17 is slidably connected to the connecting rod 14, a plurality of buckle straps 18 are provided on the first mounting plate 15, a plurality of first bamboo ribs are vertically arranged on the first mounting plate 15, and the first bamboo ribs are fixed by the buckle straps 18. Each first bamboo rib is equipped with two buckle straps 18, and the two buckle straps 18 are respectively arranged at the head and tail ends of the first bamboo rib; a plurality of slot holes are provided on the first mounting plate 15, and a propping convex block 19 corresponding to the plurality of slot holes is provided on the extrusion plate 17. The propping convex block 19 is integrally in the shape of "冖". When the extrusion plate 17 is attached to the back of the first mounting plate 15, both ends of the propping convex block 19 pass through the slot holes to support the first bamboo rib into an arched shape. A plurality of binding straps 20 are also provided on the first mounting plate 15. Each binding strap 20 is arranged between two propping convex blocks 19, and the binding straps 20 and the propping convex blocks 19 are arranged at intervals. The binding straps 20 cooperate with the propping convex blocks 19 to make the first bamboo rib as a whole in a wavy shape; a plurality of fixing blocks 21 and triangular bottom plates 22 are provided on the second mounting plate 16, and a plurality of second bamboo ribs are horizontally fixed on the second mounting plate 16 through the fixing blocks 21 and the triangular bottom plates 22. The fixing blocks 21 are arranged at the ends of the second bamboo ribs on the side far from the first mounting plate 15, and the triangular bottom plates 22 are arranged at the bottoms of the other ends of the second bamboo ribs to support the second bamboo ribs to make the second bamboo ribs in a horizontal state. A receiving groove is provided at the relative position of the triangular bottom plate 22 on the second mounting plate 16, and one side of the triangular bottom plate 22 close to the first mounting plate 15 is fixed on the side edge of the receiving groove through a torsion spring.

[0057] Specifically, when weaving is required, the first bamboo tendon is vertically placed on the first mounting plate 15 and fixed by the buckle straps 18 at both ends, and at the same time, it is prevented from blocking when the second bamboo tendon is interwoven. Then, by pushing the extrusion plate 17, the whole extrusion plate 17 is fitted to the back of the first mounting plate 15. At this time, both ends of the support bumps 19 in the shape of "冖" pass through the slot holes and reach the back of the first bamboo tendon, propping up the first bamboo tendon to form an arch. Then, the first bamboo tendon in the middle section between the two support bumps 19 is pressed down by the spaced binding straps 20, making the whole first bamboo tendon form a wavy shape. Then, one end of the second bamboo tendon is horizontally inserted into the fixed block 21. The fixed block 21 has a certain height. Therefore, after the second bamboo tendon is inserted into the fixed block 21, it is at a high position relative to the part of the first bamboo tendon pressed down by the binding strap 20, and at the same time, after the second bamboo tendon is inserted into the fixed block 21, it is at a low position relative to the arched part of the first bamboo tendon propped up by the support bumps 19. The other end of the second bamboo tendon, that is, the bottom of the end close to the first mounting plate 15, is supported by the triangular bottom plate 22. One side of the triangular bottom plate 22 close to the first mounting plate 15 is fixed on the side edge of the receiving groove by a torsion spring, and the hypotenuse of the triangular bottom plate 22 is close to the first mounting plate 15. When weaving, the two first mounting plates 15 and the second mounting plate 16 are pushed towards each other. First, when the second bamboo tendon and the first bamboo tendon are interlaced, the triangular bottom plate 22 is pressed down into the receiving groove through the torsion spring. At this time, the second bamboo tendon passes through the middle of the support bumps 19 in the shape of "冖", that is, passes under the first bamboo tendon, and then passes above the first bamboo tendon pressed down by the binding strap 20. In this way, the bamboo tendon net 3 woven by picking one and pressing one can be formed. At this time, release the binding strap 20, the buckle strap 18 and pull back the extrusion plate 17, and then pull out the formed bamboo tendon net 3 from the fixed block 21 and trim it into a suitable shape.

[0058] The working principle of the above-mentioned technological process of the wooden structure and bamboo tendon combined reinforcement of the ancient rammed earth wall is as follows:

[0059] S1: Open holes at the predetermined positions on the existing rammed earth wall 1;

[0060] S2: Remove the loose floating soil on the surface of the existing rammed earth wall 1;

[0061] S3: Spray the interface agent on the surface of the existing rammed earth wall 1, the surface of the bamboo tendon net 3 and the wooden structural columns 2 in contact with the wall surface;

[0062] S4: Anchor the bamboo tendon net 3 between two wooden structural columns 2 with bamboo nails 9;

[0063] S5: The two wooden structural columns 2 and the bamboo tendon net 3 are fixed on the surfaces at the left and right ends of the existing rammed earth wall 1 through the through bolts 4 in cooperation with the holes;

[0064] S6: High-pressure inject the soil grouting material 5 to fill the gap between the wooden structural column 2 and the existing rammed earth wall 1;

[0065] S7: Ramming the newly added rammed earth wall surface layer 6 until the top of the rammed earth wall 1;

[0066] S8: Use through bolts 4 to fix the wooden ring beam 7 sprayed with interface agent to the upper end surface of the existing rammed earth wall 1, and the newly added rammed earth wall surface layer 6 is located under the wooden ring beam 7;

[0067] S9: The wooden ring beam 7 and the wooden structural columns 2 at both ends are fixedly connected by flat irons 8;

[0068] S10: The gap between the wooden ring beam 7 and the existing rammed earth wall 1 is filled with earth grouting material 5 under high pressure, and the reinforcement is completed after curing for one month.

[0069] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for making a bamboo reinforcement net, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (11), wherein the base (11) is provided with slide rails (12) on both sides, wherein the slide rails (12) on both sides are slidably connected to brackets (13), and the tops of the two brackets (13) are fixedly connected to connecting rods (14), and the two connecting rods (14) are respectively fixedly installed with a first mounting plate (15) and a second mounting plate (16) on opposite sides, and an extrusion plate (17) is provided on the back of the first mounting plate (15), and the extrusion plate (17) is slidably connected to the connecting rod (14), and a plurality of buckles (18) are provided on the first mounting plate (15), and the first mounting plate (15) is vertically fixed with a plurality of first bamboo ribs through the buckles (18), and the plurality of buckles (18) are respectively provided at the head and tail ends of the plurality of first bamboo ribs, and the first mounting plate (15) is provided with a plurality of slots, and the extrusion plate (17) is provided with supporting protrusions (19) corresponding to the plurality of slots, and when the extrusion plate (17) is attached to the back of the first mounting plate (15), the supporting protrusions ( 19) passes through the slot hole to support the first bamboo reinforcement into an arch shape, and the first mounting plate (15) is further provided with a plurality of binding belts (20), each of the binding belts (20) is arranged between two supporting protrusions (19), and the binding belts (20) cooperate with the supporting protrusions (19) to make the first bamboo reinforcement as a whole wavy; the second mounting plate (16) is provided with a plurality of fixing blocks (21) and a triangular bottom plate (22), and the second mounting plate (16) is horizontally fixed with a plurality of second bamboo reinforcements through the fixing blocks (21) and the triangular bottom plate (22), the fixing block (21) is arranged at the end of the second bamboo reinforcement away from the side of the first mounting plate (15), and the triangular bottom plate (22) is arranged at the bottom of the other end of the second bamboo reinforcement for supporting the second bamboo reinforcement so that the second bamboo reinforcement is in a horizontal state, and a receiving groove is provided on the second mounting plate (16) at a position relative to the triangular bottom plate (22), and the triangular bottom plate (22) is fixed to the side edge of the receiving groove by a torsion spring on the side close to the first mounting plate (15).

Images