A highway drilling sampling system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a highway drilling sampling system and method, belonging to the field of highway engineering technology. The system includes a power system, a drilling machine body, a sampling drill bit, and a hole-sweeping system. The drilling machine body is provided with the power system, and the sampling drill bit is provided at the head end of the drilling machine body, which is electrically connected to the power system. The drilling machine body is also provided with a hole-sweeping system, which is electrically connected to the power system. The present invention analyzes the characteristics of different soil layers within the borehole, predicts the distance of soil shrinkage holes, and controls the hole-sweeping system to clean the soil. On the one hand, this prevents the drilling machine from getting stuck in the borehole when the soil shrinkage holes are severe, which wastes a lot of manpower and material resources; on the other hand, it prevents soil collapse and the borehole from being unsuitable for pile grouting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of highway engineering, and in particular to a highway drilling sampling system and method. Background Art

[0002] Highway maintenance is the upkeep and maintenance of highways. Maintenance focuses on the entire process from the time a highway is completed and opened to traffic, with repairs focused on repairing damaged sections. After a highway is completed and opened to traffic, its quality gradually deteriorates due to wear and tear from wheels, erosion and weathering from natural forces such as rainstorms, floods, sandstorms, snow, sunlight, and ice melt, as well as human damage and defects left over from construction. Therefore, maintenance measures must be implemented after a highway is completed and opened to traffic, and continuous updates and improvements are essential. Drilling equipment is generally used to accelerate drainage and test road surface quality.

[0003] Due to soil expansion during pile grouting, or due to the soil pressure exerted on the weaker layers around the pile, the soil shrinks inwards, creating shrinkage holes. This shrinkage can alter the borehole diameter, making it unsuitable for pile grouting. Furthermore, when soil shrinkage is severe, the drill may become stuck in the hole, hindering its operation and wasting significant manpower and resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a highway drilling sampling system and method to solve the problem in the prior art that the drilling machine may get stuck in the borehole due to soil shrinkage during drilling.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a highway drilling sampling system is provided, comprising a power system, a drilling machine body, a sampling drill bit and a hole sweeping system, wherein the power system is provided on the drilling machine body, the sampling drill bit is provided at the head end of the drilling machine body, the sampling drill bit is electrically connected to the power system by signals, the drilling machine body is further provided with the hole sweeping system, and the hole sweeping system is electrically connected to the power system by signals.

[0007] Furthermore, the hole sweeping system includes an air pump, an air blowing structure and a slag extractor. The surface of the drilling machine body is layered based on the soil stratification. The air blowing structure is opened in each layer of the drilling machine body. The air pump is electrically connected to the air blowing structure. The slag extractor is also provided in the drilling machine body, and the slag extractor and the air blowing structure are arranged side by side.

[0008] Furthermore, a sensor for detecting soil sampling characteristics is provided in the sampling drill bit.

[0009] Furthermore, the sensors include a humidity sensor, an expansion sensor and a gravity sensor.

[0010] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a highway borehole sampling method is provided, which uses any of the highway borehole sampling systems described above, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1: The drilling machine body drills into the soil of the highway, and the sampling drill bit on the drilling machine body collects samples of each layer of soil;

[0012] S2: The sampling drill analyzes the sampling characteristics of each layer of soil collected;

[0013] S3: Based on the sampling characteristics of each soil layer, predict the shrinkage range of each soil layer;

[0014] S4: Based on the shrinkage range of each soil layer, when the drilling machine body gradually extends into the soil, controlling the hole cleaning system to clean the drill hole;

[0015] S5: The cleaned soil is pumped out of the borehole.

[0016] Furthermore, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0017] S301: When the drilling machine drills into the road soil along a set direction, the sampling drill bit collects samples of each layer of soil;

[0018] S302: Whenever the sampling drill collects a layer of soil sample, the sample is analyzed;

[0019] S303: Acquire the humidity of the soil sample based on the humidity sensor in the sampling drill bit, acquire the expansion degree of the soil sample based on the expansion degree sensor in the sampling drill bit, and acquire the gravity of the soil sample based on the gravity sensor in the sampling drill bit;

[0020] S304: Based on the moisture, expansion and gravity of the soil sample and in combination with the shrinkage prediction function, determine the shrinkage range of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample.

[0021] Furthermore, the step S304 specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] Obtaining the moisture, expansion, and gravity of the soil sample, and obtaining the shrinkage distance of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample in the horizontal direction according to the first shrinkage prediction function f1(S, P, T);

[0023] Obtaining the moisture, expansion, and gravity of the soil sample, and obtaining the shrinkage distance of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample in the vertical direction according to a first shrinkage prediction function f2(S, P, T);

[0024] Based on the shrinkage distances of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction, the shrinkage range of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample is determined.

[0025] Furthermore, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0026] S401: allocating exhaust volume and exhaust pressure to the hole sweeping system on each layer of the drilling machine body in descending order of layers according to the shrinkage range of each layer of soil collected in the sampling drill bit and the drilling time of the drilling machine body;

[0027] S402: Whenever the drilling machine body extends into a layer of soil, gradually switching the exhaust volume and exhaust pressure reserved in the hole sweeping system in contact with the soil;

[0028] S403: When the drilling machine body is completely extended into the road soil, the hole sweeping system stops working.

[0029] Furthermore, the soil has n layers, the hole sweeping system is started for n times for a layer close to the sampling drill bit, and the hole sweeping system is started for once for a layer far from the sampling drill bit.

[0030] Furthermore, the soil has n layers, the shrinkage soil in the soil layer first drilled by the sampling drill bit is cleaned by the n layers of the sampling drill bit, and the shrinkage soil in the soil layer last drilled by the sampling drill bit is cleaned by the last layer of the sampling drill bit.

[0031] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] The present invention comprises a drilling machine body equipped with a power system, a sampling drill bit at the head end of the drilling machine body, and a hole sweeping system electrically connected to the power system. The drilling machine body is also equipped with a hole sweeping system electrically connected to the power system. The power system controls the drilling machine body and the sampling drill bit to penetrate into the road soil. Simultaneously, the power system controls the hole sweeping system to extract collapsed soil from the drill hole.

[0033] The present invention uses a drilling machine body to penetrate the soil of a highway. A sampling drill bit on the drilling machine body collects samples of each soil layer. The sampling drill bit analyzes the characteristics of each soil layer and predicts the shrinkage range of each layer based on these characteristics. Based on the shrinkage range of each layer, the drilling machine body gradually extends into the soil, controlling the hole sweeping system to sweep the borehole. The swept soil is then extracted from the borehole by a slag extractor.

[0034] This invention analyzes the characteristics of different soil layers within the borehole, predicts the distance to soil shrinkage, and controls the soil sweeping system to clean the soil. This prevents the drill from getting stuck in the borehole when soil shrinkage is severe, wasting significant manpower and resources; it also prevents soil collapse that could make the borehole unsuitable for pile grouting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings without inventive effort.

[0036] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are intended only to complement the contents disclosed herein and to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the art. They are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention may be implemented and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments in sizes, without affecting the efficacy and objectives of the present invention, shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed herein.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a highway drilling sampling system provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 A flow chart of a highway drilling sampling method provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A specific flow chart of step S3 in the sampling method provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A specific flow chart of step S4 in the sampling method provided by the present invention;

[0041] In the picture:

[0042] 1. Power system; 2. Drilling machine body; 3. Sampling drill bit; 4. Hole sweeping system; 401. Air pump; 402. Air blowing structure; 403. Slag extractor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following describes the implementation of the present invention using specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily understand the other advantages and benefits of the present invention from the disclosure herein. Obviously, the embodiments described are only a portion of the present invention, not all of it. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In order to solve the problem in the prior art that the drill may get stuck in the borehole due to soil shrinkage when the drill is drilling. According to the first aspect of the present invention, a highway drilling sampling system is provided, including a power system 1, a drill body 2, a sampling drill bit 3 and a hole sweeping system 4. The drill body 2 is provided with a power system 1, and the head end of the drill body 2 is provided with a sampling drill bit 3, and the sampling drill bit 3 is electrically connected to the power system 1 by signals. The drill body 2 is also provided with a hole sweeping system 4, and the hole sweeping system 4 is electrically connected to the power system 1 by signals. The power system 1 controls the drill body 2 and the sampling drill bit 3 to enter the highway soil. At the same time, the power system 1 controls the hole sweeping system 4 to work so that the collapsed soil in the borehole is extracted.

[0045] The hole sweeping system 4 includes an air pump 401, an air blowing structure 402, and a slag extractor 403. The surface of the drilling machine body 2 is stratified based on the stratification of the soil. A blowing structure 402 is provided in each layer of the drilling machine body 2, and the air pump 401 is electrically connected to the blowing structure 402. A slag extractor 403 is also provided in the drilling machine body 2, and the slag extractor 403 and the air blowing structure 402 are arranged side by side. When the drilling machine body 2 rotates in the road soil, the air blowing structure 402 thereon also rotates, thereby sweeping a circle of soil in the hole, and the operation is convenient and simple. The air pump 401 controls the air blowing structure 402 to start working when it rotates into the soil. The air blowing structure 402 sweeps the collapsed soil in the hole and extracts it out of the hole through the slag extractor 403.

[0046] The sampling drill bit 3 is equipped with sensors for detecting soil sampling characteristics. These sensors include a humidity sensor, an expansion sensor, and a gravity sensor. The sampling drill bit 3 first enters the soil and retains a portion of the drilled soil as a sample. The humidity sensor measures the moisture content of the sampled soil, thereby determining the soil's water content. The expansion sensor measures the expansion of the sampled soil after absorbing water, thereby determining the degree of soil shrinkage. The gravity sensor measures the weight of the sampled soil per unit time, thereby determining the soil's internal pressure.

[0047] When a geological structure contains weak layers, the soil pressure squeezes the weak layers into the hole as the borehole passes through them, forming shrinkage cavities. Similarly, plastic layers in the geological structure swell when exposed to water, which can also easily form shrinkage cavities. The aforementioned sensors predict soil collapse within the hole, and the excess soil is blown out by the air blowing mechanism 402, which is then extracted from the hole by the slag extractor 403.

[0048] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a highway borehole sampling method is provided, which uses a highway borehole sampling system and includes the following steps:

[0049] S1: The drilling machine body 2 drills into the soil of the highway, and the sampling drill bit 3 on the drilling machine body 2 collects samples of each layer of soil;

[0050] S2: The sampling drill 3 analyzes the sampling characteristics of each layer of soil collected;

[0051] S3: Based on the sampling characteristics of each soil layer, predict the shrinkage range of each soil layer;

[0052] S4: Based on the shrinkage range of each soil layer, when the drilling machine body 2 gradually extends into the soil, the hole cleaning system 4 is controlled to clean the drill hole;

[0053] S5: The cleaned soil is pumped out of the borehole.

[0054] The soil layers within the highway are divided into n equally spaced layers. Each time the sampling drill bit 3 on the drilling machine body 2 penetrates a layer, it samples the soil. The sampling characteristics of each layer are analyzed to predict the shrinkage range of each layer. Based on the shrinkage range of each layer, the air blowing mechanism 402 within the hole sweeping system 4 is activated sequentially as the drilling machine body 2 gradually penetrates the soil. This air blowing mechanism 402 clears the collapsed soil within the hole, which is then extracted from the hole by the slag extractor 403.

[0055] Step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0056] S301: When the drilling machine drills into the road soil along the set direction, the sampling drill bit 3 collects samples of each layer of soil;

[0057] S302: Whenever the sampling drill 3 collects a layer of soil sample, the sample is analyzed;

[0058] S303: obtaining the humidity of the soil sample based on the humidity sensor in the sampling drill bit 3, obtaining the expansion degree of the soil sample based on the expansion degree sensor in the sampling drill bit 3, and obtaining the gravity of the soil sample based on the gravity sensor in the sampling drill bit 3;

[0059] S304: Based on the moisture, expansion and gravity of the soil sample and in combination with the shrinkage prediction function, determine the shrinkage range of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample.

[0060] Based on drilling experience, it's known that soil sample moisture, expansion, and gravity all contribute to borehole collapse. A humidity sensor measures the moisture content of the sampled soil, revealing its water content. A swelling sensor measures the expansion of the sampled soil after absorbing water, revealing the extent of soil shrinkage. A gravity sensor measures the weight of the sampled soil per unit time, revealing the magnitude of soil pressure. Combining the moisture, expansion, and gravity of the soil sample with a shrinkage prediction function can determine the shrinkage range of the corresponding soil layer.

[0061] Step S304 specifically includes the following steps:

[0062] Obtaining the moisture, expansion, and gravity of the soil sample, and obtaining the shrinkage distance of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample in the horizontal direction according to the first shrinkage prediction function f1(S, P, T);

[0063] Obtaining the moisture, expansion, and gravity of the soil sample, and obtaining the shrinkage distance of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample in the vertical direction according to a first shrinkage prediction function f2(S, P, T);

[0064] Based on the shrinkage distances of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction, the shrinkage range of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample is determined.

[0065] Based on the shrinkage hole distance of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample in the horizontal direction, the horizontal exhaust pressure of the gas blowing of the blowing structure 402 is controlled, and the horizontal exhaust volume of the gas blowing of the blowing structure 402 is controlled according to the amount of collapsed soil in the horizontal direction corresponding to the shrinkage hole distance; based on the shrinkage hole distance of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample in the vertical direction, the vertical exhaust pressure of the gas blowing of the blowing structure 402 is controlled, and the vertical exhaust volume of the gas blowing of the blowing structure 402 is controlled according to the amount of collapsed soil in the vertical direction corresponding to the shrinkage hole distance.

[0066] Step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0067] S401: Based on the shrinkage range of each layer of soil collected in the sampling drill bit 3 and the drilling time of the drilling machine body 2, the exhaust volume and exhaust pressure are allocated to the hole sweeping system 4 on each layer of the drilling machine body 2 in a descending manner according to the number of layers;

[0068] S402: Whenever the drilling machine body 2 extends into a layer of soil, the reserved exhaust volume and exhaust pressure in the hole sweeping system 4 in contact with the soil are gradually switched;

[0069] S403: When the drilling machine body 2 is completely inserted into the road soil, the hole sweeping system 4 stops working.

[0070] The soil has n layers from top to bottom, and the corresponding drilling machine body has n layers from bottom to top. The hole sweeping system 4 operates n times in the layer closest to the sampling drill bit 3, and once in the layer farther from the sampling drill bit 3. The shrinkage soil in the layer first drilled by the sampling drill bit 3 is swept by the nth layer of sampling drill bits 3, and the shrinkage soil in the layer last drilled by the sampling drill bit 3 is swept by the last layer of sampling drill bits 3.

[0071] For example, when the sampling drill bit 3 samples the first layer of soil, the sampling characteristics of the first layer of soil are analyzed during the time it takes for the sampling drill bit 3 to penetrate the second layer of soil, determining the shrinkage range of the first layer of soil. The air volume of the air blowing structure 402 corresponding to the shrinkage range of the first layer of soil is divided into n equal parts, and the exhaust pressure and exhaust volume corresponding to the shrinkage range of the first layer of soil are set within each layer of the air blowing structure 402. Each layer of the air blowing structure 402 passes through the first layer of soil, successively opening the corresponding exhaust volume and exhaust pressure to clean the collapsed soil in the first layer of soil.

[0072] When the sampling drill bit 3 samples the second layer of soil, the sampling characteristics of the second layer of soil are analyzed during the time it takes the sampling drill bit 3 to penetrate the third layer of soil, determining the shrinkage range of the second layer of soil. The air volume of the air blowing structure 402 corresponding to the shrinkage range of the second layer of soil is divided into n-1 equal parts. The air pressure and air volume corresponding to the shrinkage range of the second layer of soil are set in each of the 1st to n-1th layers of air blowing structure 402. As the n-1th layer of air blowing structure 402 passes through the second layer of soil, the corresponding air volume and air pressure are sequentially opened to clean the collapsed soil in the second layer.

[0073] When the sampling drill bit 3 samples the nth layer of soil, it analyzes the sampling characteristics of the nth layer of soil to determine the shrinkage range of the nth layer of soil. The corresponding exhaust volume and pressure of the gas blown by the blowing structure 402 are determined. The corresponding exhaust pressure and exhaust volume are set within the nth layer of soil blowing structure 402. As the nth layer of soil is passed, the nth layer of soil blowing structure 402 activates the corresponding exhaust volume and exhaust pressure to clear the collapsed soil in the nth layer.

[0074] The time for each layer of the air blowing structure 402 to be opened for exhaust is the unit time for the drilling machine body 2 to drill each layer of soil.

[0075] When the drilling machine body 2 is completed, the collapsed soil in the hole is also cleaned, and the drilling machine body 2 can be easily taken out of the hole, and the size of the hole meets the requirements of pile pouring.

[0076] Although the present invention has been described in detail above using general descriptions and specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements may be made thereto. Therefore, such modifications and improvements, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of protection claimed herein.

Claims

1. A highway drilling sampling method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The drilling machine body drills into the soil of the highway, and the sampling drill bit on the drilling machine body collects samples of each layer of soil; S2: The sampling drill analyzes the sampling characteristics of each layer of soil collected; S3: Based on the sampling characteristics of each soil layer, predict the shrinkage range of each soil layer; S4: Based on the shrinkage range of each layer of soil, when the drilling machine body gradually extends into the soil, controlling the hole sweeping system to clean the drilled hole; S5: The cleaned soil is extracted from the borehole; The step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S301: When the drilling machine drills into the road soil along a set direction, the sampling drill bit collects samples of each layer of soil; S302: Whenever the sampling drill collects a layer of soil sample, the sample is analyzed; S303: Acquiring the humidity of the soil sample based on the humidity sensor in the sampling drill bit, acquiring the expansion degree of the soil sample based on the expansion degree sensor in the sampling drill bit, and acquiring the gravity of the soil sample based on the gravity sensor in the sampling drill bit; S304: Determine the shrinkage range of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample based on the moisture, expansion, and gravity of the soil sample and a shrinkage prediction function; The soil has n layers, the shrinkage soil of the soil layer first drilled by the sampling drill bit is cleaned by the n layers of the sampling drill bit, and the shrinkage soil of the soil layer last drilled by the sampling drill bit is cleaned by the last layer of the sampling drill bit.

2. The highway drilling sampling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S304 specifically includes the following steps: Obtain the moisture, expansion and gravity of the soil sample, and use the first shrinkage prediction function , obtain the shrinkage distance of the soil layer corresponding to the above soil sample along the horizontal direction; Obtain the moisture, expansion and gravity of the soil sample, and use the first shrinkage prediction function , obtain the shrinkage distance of the soil layer corresponding to the above soil sample along the vertical direction; Based on the shrinkage distances of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction, the shrinkage range of the soil layer corresponding to the soil sample is determined.

3. The highway drilling sampling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S401: allocating exhaust volume and exhaust pressure to the hole sweeping system on each layer of the drilling machine body in descending order of layers according to the shrinkage range of each layer of soil collected in the sampling drill bit and the drilling time of the drilling machine body; S402: Whenever the drilling machine body extends into a layer of soil, gradually switching the exhaust volume and exhaust pressure reserved in the hole sweeping system in contact with the soil; S403: When the drilling machine body is completely extended into the road soil, the hole sweeping system stops working.

4. The highway drilling sampling method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soil has n layers, the hole sweeping system is started for n times at a layer close to the sampling drill bit, and the hole sweeping system is started for once at a layer far from the sampling drill bit.

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