Fillers for coupling microbial micro-electroelectricity generation and microbial micro-electrostimulation and their applications

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, and specifically to a filler for coupling microbial micro-electricity generation and microbial micro-electric stimulation and its application. The present invention couples a micro-electricity generation device and a micro-electric stimulation device to various forms of materials such as spheres and columns for the first time, and constructs a filler that can be applied to a variety of sewage treatment equipment and treatment processes. The filler is applied to sewage, leachate treatment or anaerobic digestion process, which can improve denitrification efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, reduce the amount of external carbon source, and reduce treatment costs; at the same time, the filler changes the traditional separate and fixed application form of microbial endogenous micro-electricity, and its application is flexible and convenient, with a wide range of uses, strong practicality, and more application and promotion value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, and in particular to fillers for microbial micro-electricity generation and microbial micro-electric stimulation coupling and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the biological treatment of sewage and wastewater, there is an electron transfer process while microorganisms are degrading pollutants and undergoing oxidation and reduction, and there is a phenomenon of converting chemical energy into electrical energy. At present, the configuration for realizing the application of electrical energy converted from chemical energy by microorganisms is microbial fuel cells (MFCs), which need to be fixed on the reactor; the microelectricity generated by microorganisms can be utilized by means of microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), which also need to be fixed on the reactor. Using the microbial microelectricity generated by MFC to stimulate microorganisms with MEC can affect the activity of microorganisms and the electron transfer pathway and utilization efficiency in the biological treatment process reaction process, and improve the treatment effect. However, since both MFC and MEC need to be fixed in the reactor, the electrodes formed by the two have a very limited attachment area for microorganisms, and they are both fixedly installed, unable to fully contact with the microorganisms in the biological treatment reactor to provide more attachment sites; at the same time, due to the fixed installation form, they cannot be moved and are difficult to fully contact with sewage and wastewater, and the improvement effect on sewage treatment is not obvious, and their wide application is limited, and large-scale application cannot be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a filler for microbial micro-electricity generation and microbial micro-electric stimulation coupling and an application thereof.

[0004] The present invention provides a filler, which includes: a support material and a microbial micro-electric device disposed on the support material, wherein the microbial micro-electric device includes a micro-electric power generation device and a micro-electric power stimulation device;

[0005] The micro-electricity generating device comprises: a first adsorption layer, a first metal layer arranged on the first adsorption layer, a negative electrode connected to the first adsorption layer, and a positive electrode connected to the first metal layer;

[0006] The micro-electrical stimulation device comprises: a second metal layer and a second adsorption layer disposed on the second metal layer;

[0007] The second metal layer is connected to the positive electrode of the micro-electricity generating device;

[0008] The second adsorption layer is connected to the negative electrode of the micro-electricity generating device.

[0009] Furthermore,

[0010] The second metal layer is connected to the positive electrode of the micro-electricity generating device through a first conductive wire;

[0011] The second adsorption layer is connected to the negative electrode of the micro-electricity generating device through a second conductive wire, and the second conductive wire is provided with a resistor; the resistor is a corrosion-resistant micro resistor.

[0012] In the present invention, the micro-electricity generating device and the micro-electricity stimulating device of the microbial micro-electric device may be independent of each other or may be composite.

[0013] In the microbial micro-electric device in which the micro-electric power generation device and the micro-electric electrical stimulation device are independent of each other, the micro-electric power generation device is a two-layer stacked structure, and the micro-electric electrical stimulation device is a two-layer stacked structure.

[0014] In the microbial microelectric device composed of the microelectric electricity generating device and the microelectric electrical stimulation device, the microelectric electricity generating device is composited on the microelectric electrical stimulation device to form a structure with a cross-section of four layers.

[0015] Furthermore, in the four-layer stacked structure, while maintaining the positive and negative connection relationship unchanged, the positions of the first adsorption layer and the first metal layer constituting the micro-electric power generation device can be exchanged and changed, and the positions of the second metal layer and the second constituting the micro-electric stimulation device can be exchanged and changed; in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the order of stacking the four layers of the first adsorption layer, the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the second adsorption layer includes:

[0016] a first adsorption layer, a first metal layer, a second adsorption layer, a second metal layer; or

[0017] a first adsorption layer, a first metal layer, a second metal layer, a second adsorption layer; or

[0018] a first metal layer, a first adsorption layer, a second adsorption layer, a second metal layer; or

[0019] A first metal layer, a first adsorption layer, a second metal layer, and a second adsorption layer.

[0020] Furthermore, the microbial micro-electric device of the present invention is a sphere or a cylinder.

[0021] In the microbial micro-electric device in which the micro-electric power generation device and the micro-electric electrical stimulation device are independent of each other, the first adsorption layer and the first metal layer of the micro-electric power generation device are stacked to form a sphere or a cylinder, and the first adsorption layer of the micro-electric power generation device may be located on the side close to the center of the sphere or the cylinder, and the first metal layer may be located on the side away from the center of the sphere or the cylinder, or the first adsorption layer of the micro-electric power generation device may be located on the side away from the center of the sphere or the cylinder, and the first metal layer may be located on the side close to the center of the sphere or the cylinder; the second adsorption layer and the second metal layer of the micro-electric electrical stimulation device are stacked to form a sphere or a cylinder, and the second adsorption layer of the micro-electric electrical stimulation device may be located on the side close to the center of the sphere or the cylinder, and the second metal layer may be located on the side away from the center of the sphere or the cylinder, or the second adsorption layer of the micro-electric power generation device may be located on the side away from the center of the sphere or the cylinder, and the second metal layer may be located on the side close to the center of the sphere or the cylinder.

[0022] In the microbial microelectric device that is a composite of the microelectric power generation device and the microelectric electrical stimulation device, the microelectric power generation device is composited on the microelectric electrical stimulation device to form a sphere or cylinder with a four-layer stacked structure in cross section, and the four layers of the first adsorption layer, the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the second adsorption layer are stacked in the order of the above four layers from the center of the sphere or cylinder to a direction away from the center or from away from the center to the center.

[0023] In the present invention, the microbial micro-electric device comprises a plurality of micro-electric stimulation devices.

[0024] The second adsorption layer of each micro-electrical stimulation device is connected to the negative electrode of the micro-electrical electricity generating device;

[0025] The second metal layer of each micro-electrical stimulation device is connected to the positive electrode of the micro-electrical power generation device.

[0026] In the microbial microelectric device of the present invention, the microelectric power generating device can be combined with a single microelectric electrical stimulation device or with multiple microelectric electrical stimulation devices to form a microbial microelectric device combining a single microelectric power generating device and a single electrical stimulation device, or a microbial microelectric device combining a single microelectric power generating device and multiple microelectric electrical stimulation devices.

[0027] In the present invention, the filler includes a plurality of microbial micro-electric devices.

[0028] The number of the plurality of fillers is 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 3. The larger the number, the larger the volume of the single filler formed by the combination, which is not conducive to the application of the filler.

[0029] In the filler of the present invention,

[0030] The material of the supporting material is required to have strong corrosion resistance; further, the material of the supporting material is selected from at least one of polyvinyl chloride or resin; the resin includes at least one of epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, furan resin or phenolic resin;

[0031] The material of the first adsorption layer is required to have strong corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity and the ability of microorganisms to attach and grow; further, the material of the first adsorption layer is a carbon-based material, and the carbon-based material includes at least one of carbon paper, carbon cloth, porous carbon felt, graphite felt, graphite rod or graphite fiber;

[0032] The material of the first metal mesh is required to have strong corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity and the ability of microorganisms to attach and grow; further, the first metal mesh is selected from at least one of a nickel wire mesh, a gold-platinum wire mesh or a titanium wire mesh;

[0033] The material of the second metal mesh is required to have strong corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity and the ability of microorganisms to attach and grow; further, the second metal mesh is selected from at least one of a nickel wire mesh, a gold-platinum wire mesh or a titanium wire mesh;

[0034] The material of the second adsorption layer is required to have strong corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity and the ability of microorganisms to attach and grow; further, the material of the second adsorption layer is a carbon-based material, and the carbon-based material includes at least one of carbon paper, carbon cloth, porous carbon felt, graphite felt, graphite rod or graphite fiber;

[0035] In the present invention, the materials of the first adsorption layer and the second adsorption layer can be the same or different, and the materials of the first metal mesh and the second metal mesh can be the same or different, which is not limited in the present invention.

[0036] Furthermore,

[0037] The material of the supporting material is epoxy resin;

[0038] The first adsorption layer is porous carbon felt;

[0039] The first metal layer is a titanium wire mesh;

[0040] The second metal layer is a titanium wire mesh;

[0041] The second adsorption layer is porous carbon felt;

[0042] In the present invention, the connection relationship between the material of each layer of the filler and the positive and negative electrodes is crucial. If the connection relationship changes, the corrosion resistance of the filler produced will decrease.

[0043] In the present invention, there is a gap between the first adsorption layer and the first metal layer, and there is a gap between the second metal layer and the second adsorption layer.

[0044] Furthermore, the interval between the first adsorption layer and the first metal layer is 0.5 to 3 cm, preferably 1 cm; the interval between the second metal layer and the second adsorption layer is 0.5 to 3 cm, preferably 1 cm. Experimental results show that the filler has the best effect when the interval is 1 cm. If the interval is too high or too low, the voltage generated by the micro-electric power generation device and the current density of the micro-electric stimulation device will be affected, thereby affecting the performance of the filler.

[0045] The present invention innovatively couples microbial micro-electricity generation and microbial micro-electric stimulation to produce a movable filler with a large active area, scalable production and a wide range of applications. The filler not only solves the problem that the currently commonly used microbial endogenous micro-electricity collection device (fixed microbial fuel cell) and the microbial endogenous micro-electricity main utilization device (microbial electrolysis cell) can only be fixedly installed on the reactor and cannot be mobile and applied on a large scale, and the electrode area of ​​the fixed installation is limited, but also increases the reaction area, significantly improves the biological activity of sewage treatment, improves the treatment effect, and expands the scope of use. The filler can be used in combination with any reactor, sewage treatment device or treatment process, and is easy and flexible to use. In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the filler is used in the denitrification tank of sewage treatment. The results show that the addition of the filler increases the total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen removal rates by 20%, and can reduce the external carbon source addition by about 15%, with significant effects; in other embodiments of the present invention, the filler of the present invention is used in the ANAMMOX treatment process reactor of sludge dewatering liquid. The experimental results show that compared with the reactor without the addition of filler, the sludge concentration in the reactor with the addition of double-column electric stimulation filler increases by about 30%, and the total nitrogen removal rate increases by about 20%. Therefore, the filler of the present invention is easy to use, flexible, compatible with a variety of treatment equipment, has a wide range of applications, and has certain promotion prospects and promotion value.

[0046] Furthermore, as a biological filler, microbial domestication can be independent of the filling of the filler in the reactor, which can realize the separation or partial separation of the microbial domestication and filler filling steps, saving processing time and making the operation more flexible and convenient.

[0047] Furthermore, the filler described in the present invention can also be made into a nano-scale microstructure if the material used allows, so as to further increase the contact area with sewage, etc., and accelerate the processing speed and efficiency.

[0048] The invention provides the use of the filler in the carbon removal, nitrogen removal and phosphorus removal in sewage, wastewater, leachate treatment and / or sludge anaerobic digestion process.

[0049] The present invention provides a method for removing carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage, wastewater and leachate treatment and / or sludge anaerobic digestion process, which utilizes the filler of the present invention for treatment.

[0050] The present invention is the first to couple a micro-electric power generation device and a micro-electric stimulation device to various forms of materials such as spherical and cylindrical types, and constructs a filler that can be applied to a variety of sewage treatment equipment and treatment processes. The filler is applied to sewage, leachate treatment or anaerobic digestion processes, which can improve denitrification efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, reduce the amount of external carbon source, and reduce treatment costs. At the same time, the filler changes the traditional separate and fixed application form of endogenous micro-electricity of microorganisms. It is flexible and convenient to apply, has a wide range of uses, is highly practical, and has greater application and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 1 is a top view of a cross section of a double sphere filler, wherein 1 is a first adsorption layer; 2 is a first metal layer, 3 is a second metal layer; 4 is a second adsorption layer; 5 is a supporting material; 6 is a conductive wire connected to a unidirectional flow controller; 7 is a conductive wire connected to a resistor (second conductive wire); 8 is a conductive wire (first conductive wire);

[0052] Figure 2 A top view of a cross section of a single sphere filler is shown, wherein 1 is the first adsorption layer; 2 is the first metal layer, 3 is the second metal layer; 4 is the second adsorption layer; 5 is the supporting material; 6 is a conductive wire connected to a unidirectional flow controller; 7 is a conductive wire connected to a resistor (second conductive wire); and 8 is a conductive wire (first conductive wire). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present invention provides fillers for coupling microbial micro-electrical electricity generation and microbial micro-electrical stimulation and their applications. Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this article and appropriately improve the process parameters for implementation. It is particularly important to point out that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art, and they are all considered to be included in the present invention. The methods and applications of the present invention have been described through preferred embodiments, and relevant personnel can obviously modify or appropriately change and combine the methods and applications of this article without departing from the content, spirit and scope of the present invention to implement and apply the technology of the present invention.

[0054] The filler described in the present invention solves the drawbacks of the traditional separate and fixed application forms and limited membrane area of ​​endogenous microelectricity in microorganisms, and cleverly couples the microelectric power generation device and the microelectric electrical stimulation device to various forms of fillers such as spherical and cylindrical types, thereby realizing coupled fillers between the microelectric power generation device and the microelectric electrical stimulation device and increasing the effective membrane area.

[0055] The carbon reduction and efficiency enhancement electric stimulation filler formed by coupling the micro-electric power generation device and the micro-electric stimulation device of the present invention can affect the electron transfer mode in the process of microbial denitrification, improve the electron transfer efficiency and electron utilization rate in the biological treatment and disposal of sewage, wastewater and sludge, and reduce the greenhouse gas N 2 O、CO 2 emissions, thereby achieving the goal of reducing carbon emissions; at the same time, it can affect the distribution of electron transfer substances inside and outside the microbial cells, enzyme activity and other inherent characteristics, enhance the activity of denitrification microorganisms, improve denitrification efficiency, reduce the amount of external carbon sources, and reduce the cost of sewage and wastewater treatment.

[0056] The carbon reduction and efficiency improvement electrical stimulation filler formed by coupling the microbial micro-electricity generation configuration and the micro-electrical stimulation configuration of the present invention can be applied to various sewage, wastewater and sludge carbon reduction, nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal treatment processes and sludge anaerobic digestion processes, and is particularly suitable for biological treatment processes of low C / N ratio sewage.

[0057] Terminology explanation:

[0058] Micro-electricity generated by microorganisms: The ultra-micro voltage formed between the positive and negative electrodes when electrons are transferred by microorganisms during sewage and wastewater treatment

[0059] In situ utilization: Utilization at the site where micro-electricity is generated in microorganisms

[0060] Carbon reduction and efficiency improvement: By collecting the micro-electricity endogenous to microorganisms and using it to stimulate sewage treatment microorganisms, the electron transfer efficiency and electron utilization rate of sewage and wastewater biological treatment can be improved, and the greenhouse gas N can be reduced. 2 O、CO 2 emissions, thereby reducing carbon emissions; enhancing the activity of denitrification microorganisms, improving denitrification efficiency, and reducing the amount of external carbon sources

[0061] Electrically stimulated filler: The endogenous micro-electromagnetic electricity generation configuration of microorganisms and the micro-electrical stimulation configuration are coupled on the same filler, collecting the endogenous micro-electricity of microorganisms and utilizing it in situ to stimulate microorganisms in various sewage, wastewater, leachate treatment processes and sludge anaerobic digestion processes.

[0062] The filler of the present invention changes the traditional separate and fixed application mode of microbial endogenous microelectricity, and realizes mobile application in various sewage, wastewater, leachate treatment processes and sludge anaerobic digestion processes, thus achieving large-scale and extensive application;

[0063] The test materials used in the present invention are all common commercial products and can be purchased in the market.

[0064] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments:

[0065] Example 1 Filler structure for coupling microbial micro-electricity generation and microbial micro-electric stimulation

[0066] 1. Basic structure

[0067] The present invention proposes a carbon reduction and efficiency enhancement electric stimulation filler for in-situ utilization of micro-electricity endogenous to reduce greenhouse gas N in sewage and wastewater treatment by in-situ utilization of micro-electricity endogenous to reduce greenhouse gas N in sewage and wastewater treatment. 2 O、CO 2 The sewage treatment effect is enhanced while discharging and adding carbon sources.

[0068] The carbon reduction and efficiency improvement electrical stimulation filler using endogenous micro-electricity in situ of microorganisms is mainly used for carbon reduction, nitrogen removal and phosphorus removal in various sewage, wastewater and leachate treatment processes and sludge anaerobic digestion processes.

[0069] The filler of the present invention comprises: a micro-electric power generation device, a micro-electric stimulation device, a corrosion-resistant micro-resistor and a conductive wire, and a lightweight non-conductive support structure (support material) inside the filler. The basic structure of the filler is as follows:

[0070] The filler is divided into 4 layers, which are respectively a first adsorption layer, a first metal layer, a second metal layer and a second adsorption layer (the spacing between each layer is about 1 cm (too large or too small spacing will affect the current generation and treatment results, and the current parameters and treatment effects of fillers with different spacings are shown in Table 1), and the filler materials are respectively porous carbon felt, titanium wire mesh, titanium wire mesh, and porous carbon felt; the four layers all have the properties of microbial adsorption growth, conductivity and corrosion resistance.

[0071] Table 1. Four-layer filling current parameters and treatment effect design and effect at different spacings

[0072] Spacing(cm) 0.50 1.00 2.00 3.00 Power generation configuration voltage value (V) 0.2 0.40 0.60 0.35 <![CDATA[Electrically Stimulating Configuration Current Density (mA / cm 2 )]]> 0.6 1.2 1.8 1.05 Total nitrogen and COD removal effect ++ ++++ ﹣ +++

[0073] The micro-electricity generating device is composed of a first adsorption layer and a first metal layer, the two layers are connected by a conductive wire, and a unidirectional flow controller is arranged on the conductive wire to control the current to flow from the first metal layer to the first adsorption layer;

[0074] The micro-electric stimulation device is composed of a second metal layer and a second adsorption layer. The second metal layer is connected to the negative electrode of the microbial endogenous micro-electric power generation device after being connected to the corrosion-resistant micro-resistor through a conductive wire. The second adsorption layer is connected to the positive electrode of the microbial endogenous micro-electric power generation device through a conductive wire.

[0075] The microbial endogenous micro-electricity generation device and the micro-electrical stimulation device together constitute a microbial endogenous micro-electricity in-situ utilization device (microbial micro-electric device). Several attempts have shown that if the positive and negative poles connected to them are swapped or the positive and negative pole materials are swapped, the corrosion resistance of the supporting filler is sharply reduced.

[0076] 2. Efficient working principle

[0077] The micro-electricity generating device is composed of a first adsorption layer and a first metal layer, the two layers are connected by a conductive wire, and the electrogenic microorganisms grown on the two poles of the microbial micro-electricity generating configuration can generate a microbial endogenous microvoltage of about 0.2 to 0.6V;

[0078] One electrode of the micro-electric stimulation configuration is connected to the positive electrode of the microbial micro-electricity generation configuration through a conductive wire, and the other electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the microbial micro-electricity generation configuration through a conductive wire and a corrosion-resistant micro resistor, which can form a 0.3-2.5 mA / cm 2 The micro-electric stimulation of the microorganism can affect the electron transfer mode in the process of microbial denitrification, improve the electron transfer efficiency and electron utilization rate in the biological treatment and disposal of sewage, wastewater and sludge, and reduce the greenhouse gas N 2 O、CO 2 emissions, thereby achieving the goal of reducing carbon emissions; it can also affect the distribution of electron transfer substances inside and outside microbial cells, enzyme activity and other inherent characteristics, enhance the activity of denitrification microorganisms, improve denitrification efficiency, reduce the amount of external carbon sources, and reduce the cost of sewage and wastewater treatment.

[0079] 3. Specific shape of filler

[0080] In the present invention, the filler is designed as a cylinder, a sphere, and other types of microbial endogenous micro-electricity generation configurations and micro-electrical stimulation configurations coupled with electrical stimulation fillers, specifically designed as a single sphere, a double sphere, a single cylinder, and a double cylinder. The specific structures of the single sphere, double sphere, single cylinder, and double cylinder are as follows:

[0081] (1) Double ball packing

[0082] The double-spherical filler body is a structure in which two spheres are connected. Figure 1 As shown (a top view of a double sphere cross section), the double sphere filler specifically comprises: a support material (5) and a microbial micro-electric device composed of a single sphere-shaped micro-electric power generation device and another single sphere-shaped micro-electric stimulation device arranged on the support material (5):

[0083] The single-sphere micro-electricity generating device comprises: a first adsorption layer (1), a first metal layer (2) arranged inside the first adsorption layer, and a wire connection (6) provided with a one-way flow controller between the first adsorption layer (1) and the first metal layer (2), which controls the flow of electrons from the first adsorption layer (negative end) to one end of the first metal layer (positive end) through the one-way flow controller to form a primary battery; the interval between the first adsorption layer (1) and the first metal layer (2) is 1 cm. The first adsorption layer of the micro-electricity generating device is a porous carbon felt, which has the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microorganism attachment and growth. The first metal layer of the micro-electricity generating device is a titanium wire mesh, which also meets the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microorganism attachment and growth.

[0084] The other single-sphere micro-electric stimulation device includes: a second metal layer, a second adsorption layer arranged inside the second metal layer; the interval between the second metal layer and the second adsorption layer is 1 cm; the second adsorption layer of the microbial micro-electric device is a porous carbon felt, which has the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microbial attachment and growth. The second metal layer of the microbial micro-electric device is a titanium wire mesh, which also meets the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microbial attachment and growth.

[0085] The positive electrode of the micro-electrical electricity generating device is connected to the second metal layer of the micro-electrical electrical stimulation configuration via a conductive wire (8);

[0086] The negative electrode of the micro-electricity generating device is connected to the second adsorption layer of the micro-electricity stimulation configuration via a conductive wire (7) connected to a corrosion-resistant micro-resistor;

[0087] The distance between the microbial micro-electric devices is about 1 cm.

[0088] (ii) Single sphere filler

[0089] The main body of the single sphere filler is a single sphere structure, such as Figure 2 As shown (top view of a single sphere cross section), the single sphere filler specifically includes: a supporting material (5) and a microbial micro-electric device arranged on the supporting material (5), the microbial micro-electric device includes a micro-electric power generation device and a micro-electric electrical stimulation device, and the microbial electrical stimulation device is nested inside the micro-electric power generation device (in actual design, the micro-electric power generation device can also be nested in the microbial electrical stimulation device, and the connection method can be kept unchanged), forming a single sphere structure.

[0090] The micro-electricity generating device comprises: a first adsorption layer (1), a first metal layer (2) arranged inside the first adsorption layer, a wire connection (6) provided with a one-way flow controller between the first adsorption layer (1) and the first metal layer (2), controlling the flow of electrons from the first adsorption layer (negative end) to one end of the first metal layer (positive end) through the one-way flow controller, thereby forming a primary battery; the interval between the first adsorption layer (1) and the first metal layer (2) is 1 cm. The first adsorption layer of the micro-electricity generating device is a porous carbon felt, which has the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microorganism attachment and growth. The first metal layer of the micro-electricity generating device is a titanium wire mesh, which also meets the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microorganism attachment and growth.

[0091] The micro-electric stimulation device includes: a second metal layer, a second adsorption layer arranged inside the second metal layer; the interval between the second metal layer and the second adsorption layer is 1 cm; the second adsorption layer of the microbial micro-electric device is a porous carbon felt, which has the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microbial attachment and growth. The second metal layer of the microbial micro-electric device is a titanium wire mesh, which also meets the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microbial attachment and growth.

[0092] The positive electrode of the micro-electrical electricity generating device is connected to the second metal layer of the micro-electrical electrical stimulation configuration via a conductive wire (8);

[0093] The negative electrode of the micro-electricity generating device is connected to the second adsorption layer of the micro-electricity stimulation configuration via a conductive wire (7) connected to a corrosion-resistant micro-resistor;

[0094] The distance between the microbial micro-electric devices is 1 cm.

[0095] (III) Double cylindrical packing

[0096] Double cylindrical packing, cross section Figure 1 The double-cylinder filler specifically includes: a support material (5) and a microbial micro-electric device disposed on the support material (5), wherein the microbial micro-electric device includes a micro-electric power generation device and a micro-electric electrical stimulation device, and the microbial electrical stimulation device and the micro-electric power generation device are separated and are cylinders.

[0097] The micro-electricity generating device comprises: a first adsorption layer (1), a first metal layer (2) arranged inside the first adsorption layer, a wire connection (6) provided with a one-way flow controller between the first adsorption layer (1) and the first metal layer (2), controlling the flow of electrons from the first adsorption layer (negative end) to one end of the first metal layer (positive end) through the one-way flow controller, thereby forming a primary battery; the interval between the first adsorption layer (1) and the first metal layer (2) is 1 cm. The first adsorption layer of the micro-electricity generating device is a porous carbon felt, which has the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microorganism attachment and growth. The first metal layer of the micro-electricity generating device is a titanium wire mesh, which also meets the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microorganism attachment and growth.

[0098] The micro-electric stimulation device includes: a second metal layer, a second adsorption layer arranged inside the second metal layer; the interval between the second metal layer and the second adsorption layer is 1 cm; the second adsorption layer of the microbial micro-electric device is a porous carbon felt, which has the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microbial attachment and growth. The second metal layer of the microbial micro-electric device is a titanium wire mesh, which also meets the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microbial attachment and growth.

[0099] The positive electrode of the micro-electrical electricity generating device is connected to the second metal layer of the micro-electrical electrical stimulation configuration via a conductive wire (8);

[0100] The negative electrode of the micro-electricity generating device is connected to the second adsorption layer of the micro-electricity stimulation configuration via a conductive wire (7) connected to a corrosion-resistant micro-resistor;

[0101] The distance between the microbial micro-electric devices is about 1 cm.

[0102] (IV) Single cylindrical packing

[0103] The cross-sectional structure of the single cylindrical filler is as follows: Figure 2 The single cylindrical filler specifically comprises: a supporting material (5) and a microbial micro-electric device arranged on the supporting material (5), wherein the microbial micro-electric device comprises a micro-electric power generation device and a micro-electric electrical stimulation device, and the microbial electrical stimulation device is nested inside the micro-electric power generation device to form a cylindrical structure.

[0104] The micro-electricity generating device comprises: a first adsorption layer (1), a first metal layer (2) arranged inside the first adsorption layer, a wire connection (6) provided with a one-way flow controller between the first adsorption layer (1) and the first metal layer (2), controlling the flow of electrons from the first adsorption layer (negative end) to one end of the first metal layer (positive end) through the one-way flow controller, thereby forming a primary battery; the interval between the first adsorption layer (1) and the first metal layer (2) is 1 cm. The first adsorption layer of the micro-electricity generating device is a porous carbon felt, which has the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microorganism attachment and growth. The first metal layer of the micro-electricity generating device is a titanium wire mesh, which also meets the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microorganism attachment and growth.

[0105] The micro-electric stimulation device includes: a second metal layer, a second adsorption layer arranged inside the second metal layer; the interval between the second metal layer and the second adsorption layer is 1 cm; the second adsorption layer of the microbial micro-electric device is a porous carbon felt, which has the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microbial attachment and growth. The second metal layer of the microbial micro-electric device is a titanium wire mesh, which also meets the properties of corrosion resistance, conductivity, and microbial attachment and growth.

[0106] The positive electrode of the micro-electrical electricity generating device is connected to the second metal layer of the micro-electrical electrical stimulation configuration via a conductive wire (8);

[0107] The negative electrode of the micro-electricity generating device is connected to the second adsorption layer of the micro-electricity stimulation configuration via a conductive wire (7) connected to a corrosion-resistant micro-resistor;

[0108] The distance between the microbial micro-electric devices is 1 cm.

[0109] (V) Other possible structures

[0110] The filler described in the present invention, the microbial micro-electric device of the filler includes a micro-electric power generating device and a micro-electric electrical stimulation device, which can be a structure in which a single micro-electric power generating device and multiple micro-electric electrical stimulation devices are connected; each independent second adsorption layer of the multiple micro-electric electrical stimulation devices is connected to the cathode of the micro-electric power generating device through a conductive wire, and each independent second metal layer of the multiple micro-electric electrical stimulation devices is connected to the anode of the micro-electric power generating device through a conductive wire, forming a microbial micro-electric device consisting of a single micro-electric power generating device and multiple micro-electric electrical stimulation devices.

[0111] The structure of the filler of the present invention can also be formed by multiple microbial micro-electric devices being nested with each other, each independent microbial micro-electric device being directly nested in a concentric circle manner, and the internal connection method of each microbial micro-electric device remains unchanged.

[0112] Example 2 Application

[0113] (1) Case 1-Application of single sphere filler

[0114] The spherical electric stimulation filler composed of the micro-electric power generation device and the micro-electric electrical stimulation device is applied to the denitrification tank for biological treatment of sewage with a low C / N ratio (4:1 to 3:1). The spherical electric stimulation filler (the single spherical filler of Example 1) includes: a micro-electric power generation device, a micro-electric electrical stimulation device, a corrosion-resistant micro resistor and a conductive wire, and a lightweight non-conductive support structure inside the filler. The porous spherical filler is divided into 4 layers from the outside to the inside, with a spacing of about 1 cm between each layer. The filler material and configuration are porous carbon felt, titanium mesh, titanium mesh, and porous carbon felt respectively; the microbial micro-electromagnetic configuration is composed of the first layer (first adsorption layer) and the second layer (first metal layer) of the porous spherical filler, and the two layers are connected by conductive wires to form a microbial endogenous micro-electromagnetic configuration; the micro-electrical stimulation configuration is composed of the third layer (second metal layer) and the fourth layer (second adsorption layer) of the porous spherical filler, and the third layer is connected to one pole of the microbial endogenous micro-electromagnetic configuration after being connected to the corrosion-resistant micro-resistor through conductive wires, and the fourth layer is connected to the other pole of the microbial endogenous micro-electromagnetic configuration through conductive wires. Compared with the case without adding spherical electrical stimulation fillers, the removal rate of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen increased by 20% with the addition of spherical electrical stimulation fillers, and the addition of external carbon sources can be reduced by about 15%.

[0115] The filling rate of the filler of the present invention in the reactor is 50%. The specific processing data are shown in Table 1.

[0116] Table 1. Wastewater treatment data

[0117]

[0118] Compared with the case without adding spherical electric stimulation filler, the total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen removal rates increased by 20% with the addition of spherical electric stimulation filler, and the addition of external carbon source could be reduced by about 15%.

[0119] The sludge acclimation process is as follows:

[0120] The inoculated sludge is taken from the return sludge of the biological reactor of the sewage treatment plant. The return sludge of the biological reactor is collected in a ton barrel. After sedimentation, the bottom sludge is retained and transferred to a plastic barrel and added to the sewage with a low carbon-nitrogen ratio C / N of 3.5-1 for domestication. After domestication, the sludge is filtered and transferred to the A filled with fillers. 2 In the anaerobic tank of O process.

[0121] (2) Case 2 - Application of double cylindrical packing

[0122] The double cylindrical electric stimulation filler composed of the micro-electric power generation device and the micro-electric electrical stimulation device is applied to the ANAMMOX treatment process reactor of the sludge dewatering liquid in the sewage treatment plant. The double cylindrical electric stimulation filler (the double cylindrical filler of Example 1) includes: a micro-electric power generation device, a micro-electric electrical stimulation device, a corrosion-resistant micro resistor and a conductive wire, and a lightweight non-conductive support structure inside the filler. The porous columnar filler is divided into 4 layers, and the filler material and configuration are porous carbon felt, titanium wire mesh, titanium wire mesh, and porous carbon felt respectively; the microbial micro-electromagnetic configuration is composed of the first layer (first adsorption layer) and the second layer (first metal layer) of the double-column porous filler, and the two layers are connected by conductive wires to form a microbial endogenous micro-electromagnetic configuration; the micro-electrical stimulation configuration is composed of the third layer (second metal layer) and the fourth layer (second adsorption layer) of the double-column spherical porous filler, and the third layer is connected to one pole of the microbial endogenous micro-electromagnetic configuration after being connected to the corrosion-resistant micro-resistor through conductive wires, and the fourth layer is connected to the other pole of the microbial endogenous micro-electromagnetic configuration through conductive wires. Compared with the reactor without filler, the sludge concentration in the reactor with double-column electrical stimulation filler increased by about 30%, and the total nitrogen removal rate increased by about 20%.

[0123] Data on filler dosage: filler filling rate in the reactor is 40%;

[0124] The water quality indicators of ANAMMOX-SBR influent and purified water are shown in Table 2:

[0125] Table 2. Water quality indicators of ANAMMOX-SBR influent and purified water

[0126]

[0127] Compared with the reactor without adding the double-column electric stimulation filler, the sludge concentration in the reactor with the double-column electric stimulation filler increased by about 30%, and the total nitrogen removal rate increased by about 20%.

[0128] The sludge domestication process in this case is as follows: the sludge from the effluent sedimentation tank of the sewage treatment plant of the ANAMMOX process is inoculated in a ton barrel, the supernatant is discarded after sedimentation, the bottom sludge is retained and transferred to a plastic barrel and added with the sewage treatment plant sludge dehydration liquid of surface water quality for domestication; the domesticated sludge is filtered and transferred to the ANAMMOX-SBR reactor filled with double-column electric stimulation filler and the process is alternating according to water inlet-tentative-aeration (15min)-water inlet-tentative-agitation (40min): the designed hydraulic retention time of the reactor is 10h, and the water is discharged after sedimentation.

[0129] ANAMMOX bacteria are sensitive to water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and pH value. Therefore, online temperature, DO, and pH monitoring probes are set in the reaction tank to control the temperature, DO, and pH in the reactor to be maintained at around 35°C, around 0.3 mg / L, and around 8, respectively.

[0130] (3) Comparison and summary:

[0131] The closest technology at present is to use the micro-electricity generated by MFC in the form of MEC for wastewater biological treatment, including MFC-MEC combined process, electrode biofilm reactor (BER) and other forms. However, this application form provides a very limited electrode plate membrane area for microorganisms to attach. Compared with the electric stimulation filler formed by coupling the micro-electrical stimulation configuration with various types of fillers such as spherical and cylindrical fillers, the microbial micro-electricity generation configuration of the patent application of the present invention can provide a large area of ​​electrode membrane area for microorganisms to attach.

[0132] At present, the main device for collecting endogenous micro-electricity of microorganisms is a fixed microbial fuel cell, and the main device for utilizing endogenous micro-electricity of microorganisms is a microbial electrolytic cell, and all of them need to be fixedly installed on the reactor, which cannot be used in a mobile manner, and it is difficult to fully contact with sewage and wastewater. The improvement effect on sewage treatment is not obvious, and the wide application is limited, and it cannot be applied on a large scale. The present invention couples the microbial micro-electricity generation configuration and the micro-electricity electrical stimulation configuration on the filler to form an integrated filler for collecting endogenous micro-electricity of microorganisms and in-situ electrical stimulation of sewage treatment microorganisms, which can be widely used in large-scale applications such as AO, A 2 O, MBBR, oxidation ditch and various combined processes and other traditional sewage treatment processes as well as ANAMMOX, CANON and other new sewage processes and sludge anaerobic digestion processes.

[0133] At the same time, the electrode area of ​​most electrode plates currently used is limited, and it is impossible to fully collect and utilize the endogenous microelectricity of microorganisms. The present invention cleverly couples the microelectric power generation device and the microelectric electrical stimulation device on the filler, which greatly increases the electrode area for collecting and utilizing microbial weak electricity compared to traditional methods.

[0134] In addition, the microbial fuel cell and the microbial electrolysis cell are both separate and fixed, and the connection method is relatively complicated. The present invention couples the microbial micro-electricity generation configuration and the micro-electricity stimulation configuration on the filler to form an integrated filler for collecting micro-electricity endogenous to the microorganisms and in-situ electrical stimulation of sewage treatment microorganisms.

[0135] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Filling, It is characterized in that include: A support material and a microbial micro-electric device disposed on the support material, wherein the microbial micro-electric device comprises a micro-electric power generation device and a micro-electric electrical stimulation device; The micro-electricity generating device comprises: a first adsorption layer, a first metal layer arranged on the first adsorption layer, a negative electrode connected to the first adsorption layer, and a positive electrode connected to the first metal layer; The micro-electrical stimulation device comprises: a second metal layer and a second adsorption layer disposed on the second metal layer; The second metal layer is connected to the positive electrode of the micro-electricity generating device; The second adsorption layer is connected to the negative electrode of the micro-electricity generating device.

2. The filler according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The second metal layer is connected to the positive electrode of the micro-electricity generating device through a first conductive wire; The second adsorption layer is connected to the negative electrode of the micro-electricity generating device through a second conductive wire, and the second conductive wire is provided with a resistor.

3. The filler according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The micro-electric power generation device is composited on the micro-electric electrical stimulation device to form a structure with a cross-section of four layers.

4. The filler according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The microbial micro-electric device is a sphere or a cylinder.

5. The filler according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The microbial micro-electric device of the filler comprises a plurality of the micro-electric stimulation devices, The second adsorption layer of each micro-electrical stimulation device is connected to the negative electrode of the micro-electrical electricity generating device; The second metal layer of each micro-electrical stimulation device is connected to the positive electrode of the micro-electrical power generation device.

6. The filler according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The filler includes a plurality of microbial micro-electric devices.

7. The filler according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The material of the supporting material is selected from at least one of polyvinyl chloride or resin; the resin includes at least one of epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, furan resin or phenolic resin; The material of the first adsorption layer is a carbon-based material, and the carbon-based material includes at least one of carbon paper, carbon cloth, porous carbon felt, graphite felt, graphite rod or graphite fiber; The first metal layer is selected from at least one of a nickel wire mesh, a gold-platinum wire mesh or a titanium wire mesh; The second metal layer is selected from at least one of a nickel wire mesh, a gold-platinum wire mesh or a titanium wire mesh; The second adsorption layer is made of a carbon-based material, and the carbon-based material includes at least one of carbon paper, carbon cloth, porous carbon felt, graphite felt, graphite rod or graphite fiber.

8. The filler according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that The material of the supporting material is epoxy resin; The first adsorption layer is porous carbon felt; The first metal layer is a titanium wire mesh; The second metal layer is a titanium wire mesh; The second adsorption layer is porous carbon felt.

9. The filler according to any one of claims 1 to 8, It is characterized in that There is a gap between the first adsorption layer and the first metal layer, and there is a gap between the second metal layer and the second adsorption layer.

10. Use of the filler according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the treatment of sewage, wastewater, leachate and / or anaerobic digestion of sludge for carbon removal, nitrogen removal and phosphorus removal.

11. Methods for carbon removal, nitrogen removal and phosphorus removal in sewage, wastewater, leachate treatment and / or sludge anaerobic digestion processes; It is characterized in that The process is carried out using the filler according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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