A self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier and a method for constructing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a self-constructed microbial permeation reaction wall and a construction method thereof, wherein the microbial permeation reaction wall comprises a permeation wall body with a mounting groove and a microbial reaction assembly for treating groundwater pollutants; the microbial reaction assembly comprises a water-permeable membrane arranged in the mounting groove, a first cross-shaped net-shaped frame and a second cross-shaped net-shaped frame arranged on a water-facing surface and a backwater surface of the water-permeable membrane respectively, and the first cross-shaped net-shaped frame and the second cross-shaped net-shaped frame are made of organic materials; the intersection of a first vertical part and a first horizontal part of the first cross-shaped net-shaped frame and the intersection of a second vertical part and a second horizontal part of the second cross-shaped net-shaped frame are all provided with a microbial source bin for embedding the same microorganisms or different microorganisms, and the microbial source bin is provided with a soluble shell. The application only needs to input a small amount of microorganisms once, and the microorganisms can gradually grow, increase and diffuse to every position of the microbial reaction assembly to obtain a wall body capable of intercepting and treating the pollutants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of groundwater pollution remediation and treatment technology, specifically to a self-constructing microbial infiltration reactive barrier and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] A permeable reactive wall is a passive reaction zone formed by installing a wall filled with a reactive medium across the cross-section of the contaminated groundwater flow path. When pollutants flow through the "reactive wall," they undergo single or combined physical, chemical, and biological reactions with the medium inside the wall, transforming into non-toxic or low-toxic substances that flow out of the wall.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of permeable reactive wall technology, microbial permeable reactive walls have emerged. These walls utilize microorganisms to undergo single or combined physical, chemical, and biological reactions with pollutants, thereby transforming the pollutants into non-toxic or low-toxic substances that flow out of the wall. To improve the water pollution treatment capacity of microbial permeable reactive walls, some walls incorporate externally specific microorganisms. However, most existing microbial permeable reactive walls require the initial or multiple introductions of microorganisms, resulting in high reagent costs and the need for manual supervision and operation, leading to high labor costs and slow construction speed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing microbial permeable reactive walls, which require a large amount of microorganisms to be added at once or multiple times, have high reagent costs, require manual supervision and operation, have high labor costs, and have slow construction speed. Thus, the present invention provides a self-constructing microbial permeable reactive wall and its construction method.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier comprises:

[0006] It is permeable to the wall and has an installation groove inside;

[0007] A microbial reaction assembly for treating contaminants in groundwater as it penetrates the assembly along its thickness;

[0008] The microbial reaction assembly includes:

[0009] A permeable membrane is disposed within the mounting groove;

[0010] The first grid-like frame is set on the water-facing side of the permeable membrane along its thickness direction. The first grid-like frame is made of organic material and is used to allow microorganisms to decompose, grow, and diffuse.

[0011] The second grid-like frame is disposed on the back side of the permeable membrane along its thickness direction. The second grid-like frame is made of organic material and is used to facilitate the decomposition, growth, and diffusion of microorganisms. The second vertical part of the second grid-like frame and the first vertical part of the first grid-like frame are both parallel to the height direction. The second horizontal part of the second grid-like frame and the first horizontal part of the first grid-like frame are both parallel to the length direction and are staggered along the height direction.

[0012] Multiple microbial source chambers are respectively located at the intersection of the first vertical section and the first horizontal section, and at the intersection of the second vertical section and the second horizontal section; the microbial source chambers are used to house the same or different microorganisms, and the microbial source chambers are provided with a soluble outer shell.

[0013] According to the present invention, a self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier has at least the following technical effects: 1. By setting a first grid-like frame and a second grid-like frame on the water-facing side and the water-repellent side of the permeable membrane along its thickness direction, respectively, both the first grid-like frame and the second grid-like frame are made of organic material, and microbial source chambers with soluble shells are arranged at the intersection of the first vertical and first horizontal sections and at the intersection of the second vertical and second horizontal sections, respectively; during the construction of this microbial permeable reactive barrier, only a small amount of microorganisms need to be placed in the microbial source chambers. Under the action of the microorganisms and over time, the shell of the microbial source chamber will gradually dissolve, allowing the microorganisms to emerge from the microbial source chamber and diffuse along the first grid-like frame and the second grid-like frame, and enabling... The organic material is decomposed into nutrients that provide nutrition for microorganisms. This allows a small number of microorganisms, originally built into the microbial source chamber, to start from the corresponding microbial source chamber and grow and multiply along the first and second grid-like frames of the organic material. The microorganisms grow rapidly and uniformly, eventually forming a wall that can trap and treat pollutants. It has self-constructing properties. Compared with existing technologies that require a large number of microorganisms to be introduced at once or multiple times, this microbial permeation reaction wall only requires a small number of microorganisms to be introduced at once during construction. These microorganisms can gradually grow, multiply, and spread to every position of the first and second grid-like frames to form a wall that can trap and treat pollutants. The microorganisms grow rapidly and uniformly, and no manual supervision is required during operation. It has low cost and is easy to operate. 2. Simultaneously, because the microbial source chambers can be used entirely for the same type of microorganisms or separately for different types of microorganisms, on the one hand, different types of microorganisms can be placed in each microbial source chamber according to the needs of groundwater remediation and treatment with multiple pollutants, so that the microbial reaction components are loaded with different specialized microorganisms to achieve the effect of treating different pollutants; on the other hand, according to the needs of groundwater remediation and treatment with the same type of pollutant, each microbial source chamber can be selected to contain the type of microorganisms used to treat that pollutant, achieving the effect of highly efficient treatment of groundwater pollutants. 3. Compared with the monolithic wall used in existing technologies, this microbial permeable reaction wall uses a first grid-like frame and a second grid-like frame arranged opposite each other on both sides of the permeable membrane along the thickness direction, with the first and second horizontal sections staggered along the height direction. This provides sufficient growth space for microorganisms, effectively preventing blockage of the gaps in the microbial reaction components during the microbial proliferation process; it also ensures that groundwater pollutants pass through the microbial reaction components without being trapped or rendered ineffective.4. The number of microbial source chambers can be flexibly selected based on the concentration of pollutants in the groundwater, ensuring cost reduction while treating groundwater pollutants. When the concentration of pollutants in the groundwater is high, microbial source chambers can be arranged at all intersections of the first vertical and first horizontal sections, as well as at the intersections of the second vertical and second horizontal sections. When the concentration of pollutants in the groundwater is low, microbial source chambers can be arranged only at some intersections of the first vertical and first horizontal sections, as well as at some intersections of the second vertical and second horizontal sections. 5. By using organic materials for both the first and second grid-like frames, compared to existing microbial permeable reaction walls which are constructed on-site, resulting in high engineering complexity, complex material transportation, long construction periods, and lengthy preparation times, this microbial permeable reaction wall can use 3D printing equipment to 3D print the first and second grid-like frames on the water-facing and water-repellent sides of the permeable membrane along its thickness direction using corresponding liquid organic matter. After curing, the microbial reaction component structure is prefabricated, resulting in simple, rapid, low-cost construction and convenient transportation.

[0014] Preferably, a first through hole is formed through the first grid frame along the thickness direction, and the projection of the first through hole along the thickness direction falls within the range of the second horizontal part of the second grid frame; and / or, a second through hole is formed through the second grid frame along the thickness direction, and the projection of the second through hole along the thickness direction falls within the range of the first horizontal part of the first grid frame.

[0015] Preferably, the first grid-like mesh frame decomposes at a faster rate under the action of microorganisms than the second grid-like mesh frame decomposes at a faster rate under the action of microorganisms.

[0016] Preferably, the material of the first grid-like frame is one or more of starch, corn flour, guar gum, gluten, molasses powder, and glucose; and the material of the second grid-like frame is one or more of lignocellulose, wood flour, straw powder, corn cob powder, and coconut shell powder.

[0017] Preferably, the outer shell of the microbial source chamber used to house different types of microorganisms has a different thickness.

[0018] Preferably, four microbial reaction components are provided, and the four microbial reaction components are arranged at intervals along the thickness direction in the mounting groove, and the four microbial reaction components are respectively used to load different specialized microorganisms.

[0019] Preferably, the permeable wall has an opening at its upper end along the height direction that communicates with the mounting groove, and the microbial reaction assembly is detachably connected to the mounting groove.

[0020] Preferably, two slots are arranged opposite each other on the two inner walls along the length direction of the mounting groove, and the two slots are symmetrically arranged about the thickness direction; the two ends of the permeable membrane along the length direction are respectively provided with water-absorbing and expanding rubber for being inserted into the slots.

[0021] Preferably, the microbial reaction assembly is equipped with a sensor assembly for detecting pH, water temperature, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen.

[0022] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a construction method is provided for constructing the self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier provided in the first aspect above, the construction method comprising the following steps:

[0023] Select the desired permeable membrane;

[0024] A first liquid organic material is selected as the organic material to be made into the first grid mesh frame. The first liquid organic material is printed on the water-facing side of the permeable membrane along the thickness direction using a 3D printing device according to the set shape of the first grid mesh frame. After printing, the first grid mesh frame is obtained by curing.

[0025] A second liquid organic material is selected as the organic material to be made into the second grid mesh frame. The second liquid organic material is printed on the back side of the permeable membrane along the thickness direction using a 3D printing device according to the set shape of the second grid mesh frame. After printing, the second grid mesh frame is obtained by curing.

[0026] Select the required number of microbial source chambers and arrange them at the intersection of the first vertical section and the first horizontal section and at the intersection of the second vertical section and the second horizontal section according to the set layout requirements to obtain the microbial reaction assembly;

[0027] After selecting the location for the wall construction, a construction trench of appropriate depth and length is excavated using a TRD device. The trench is then filled to form a permeable wall with an installation groove, and the microbial reaction assembly is then embedded in the installation groove.

[0028] According to a construction method of the present invention, at least the following technical effects are achieved:

[0029] 1. Compared to existing microbial permeable reaction walls, which are all constructed on-site, resulting in high engineering complexity, complicated material transportation, long construction period, and long construction preparation time, this construction method uses 3D printing equipment to 3D print a first grid-like frame on the water-facing side of the permeable membrane using corresponding first liquid organic matter as raw material, and a second grid-like frame on the water-repellent side of the permeable membrane using corresponding second liquid organic matter as raw material. According to the arrangement requirements of the microbial source chambers, each microbial source chamber is arranged at the intersection of the corresponding first vertical and first horizontal sections and the intersection of the second vertical and second horizontal sections. The prefabricated microbial reaction component structure is simple, rapid, low-cost, and easy to transport.

[0030] 2. A first grid-like frame and a second grid-like frame are respectively set on the water-facing side and the water-repellent side of the permeable membrane along its thickness direction. Both the first and second grid-like frames are made of organic material. Microbial source chambers with soluble shells are arranged at the intersection of the first vertical and first horizontal sections and at the intersection of the second vertical and second horizontal sections. During the construction of the microbial permeable reaction wall, only a small amount of microorganisms need to be placed in the microbial source chambers. Under the action of the microorganisms and over time, the shells of the microbial source chambers will gradually dissolve, allowing the microorganisms to emerge from the microbial source chambers and diffuse along the first and second grid-like frames. Furthermore, the organic material can be decomposed into nutrients that provide nutrition for the microorganisms. This method allows a small number of microorganisms, originally built into the microbial source chamber, to originate from the corresponding microbial source chamber and grow and proliferate along the first and second grid-like frames made of organic material. The microorganisms grow rapidly and uniformly, eventually forming a wall that can trap and treat pollutants, exhibiting self-construction properties. Compared to existing technologies that require a large amount of microorganisms to be introduced at once or multiple times, this construction method only requires a small amount of microorganisms to be introduced once during the construction of the microbial permeation reaction wall. These microorganisms can gradually grow, multiply, and spread to each position of the first and second grid-like frames to form a wall that can trap and treat pollutants. The microorganisms grow rapidly and uniformly, and no manual supervision is required during operation, resulting in lower costs and simpler operation.

[0031] 3. Simultaneously, because the microbial source chambers can be used entirely to house the same type of microorganisms or separately to house different types of microorganisms, on the one hand, different types of microorganisms can be housed separately in each microbial source chamber according to the needs of groundwater remediation and treatment with multiple pollutants, so that the microbial reaction components are loaded with different specialized microorganisms to achieve the effect of treating different pollutants; on the other hand, according to the needs of groundwater remediation and treatment with the same type of pollutant, each microbial source chamber can be selected to house the type of microorganisms used to treat that pollutant, to achieve the effect of efficiently treating groundwater pollutants.

[0032] 4. Compared with the integral wall used in the prior art, this construction method adopts a first grid-like frame and a second grid-like frame arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the permeable membrane along the thickness direction, and the first horizontal part and the second horizontal part are staggered in the height direction. This can provide sufficient growth space for microorganisms and effectively avoid blockage of the gaps in the microbial reaction components during the process of microbial proliferation and growth. It can also ensure that groundwater pollutants pass through the microbial reaction components without the situation of pollutant interception failure.

[0033] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of a self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the microbial reaction component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the microbial reaction component in an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a front view schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the microbial reaction component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the permeable wall in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0045] 1-Permeable wall, 11-Installation groove, 111-Slot;

[0046] 2-Microbial reaction component, 21-Permeable membrane, 22-First grid mesh frame, 221-First vertical section, 222-First horizontal section, 223-First perforation, 23-Second grid mesh frame, 231-Second vertical section, 232-Second horizontal section, 233-Second perforation, 24-Microbial source chamber, 25-Water-absorbing and expanding rubber;

[0047] 3-Sensor assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figures 1 to 8 The image shows a self-constructed microbial permeable reactive barrier provided in this embodiment, comprising a permeable wall 1 with an internal installation groove 11 and a microbial reaction assembly 2 disposed within the installation groove 11. The microbial reaction assembly 2 is used to treat pollutants in groundwater as it penetrates the microbial reaction assembly 2 along its thickness direction. The microbial reaction assembly 2 includes a permeable membrane 21 disposed within the installation groove 11 and multiple microbial source chambers 24. The permeable membrane 21 has a first grid-like frame 22 and a second grid-like frame 23 respectively disposed on its water-facing side and its back side along its thickness direction. Both the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23 are made of organic material. It is used for the decomposition, growth, and diffusion of microorganisms; the second vertical part 231 of the second grid-like frame 23 and the first vertical part 221 of the first grid-like frame 22 are both parallel to the height direction; the second horizontal part 232 of the second grid-like frame 23 and the first horizontal part 222 of the first grid-like frame 22 are both parallel to the length direction and are arranged staggered along the height direction; a plurality of microbial source chambers 24 are respectively disposed at the intersection of the first vertical part 221 and the first horizontal part 222 and the intersection of the second vertical part 231 and the second horizontal part 232; the microbial source chambers 24 are used to house the same or different microorganisms, and the microbial source chambers 24 are provided with a soluble outer shell. It is understood that the thickness direction, height direction, and length direction described in the embodiments of the present invention refer to Figure 1 or Figure 3 or Figure 5 The thickness direction, height direction, and length direction are shown.

[0054] This embodiment of the self-constructed microbial permeable reactive wall features a first grid-like frame 22 and a second grid-like frame 23 on the water-facing and back-facing sides of the permeable membrane 21 along its thickness direction. Both the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23 are made of organic material. Microbial source chambers 24 with soluble shells are arranged at the intersections of the first vertical section 221 and the first horizontal section 222, and at the intersections of the second vertical section 231 and the second horizontal section 232. During the construction of this embodiment of the microbial permeable reactive wall, only a small amount of microorganisms needs to be placed in the microbial source chambers 24. Under the action of the microorganisms and over time, the shells of the microbial source chambers 24 gradually dissolve, allowing the microorganisms to emerge from the microbial source chambers 24 and diffuse along the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23. Furthermore, the microorganisms decompose the organic material into nutrients that provide nutrition for the microorganisms, allowing the small amount of microorganisms originally embedded in the microbial source chambers 24 to dissolve. Microorganisms originate from the corresponding microbial source chamber 24 and grow and proliferate along the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23 made of organic matter. The microorganisms grow rapidly and uniformly, eventually forming a wall that can trap and treat pollutants, exhibiting self-construction properties. Compared to existing technologies that require a large amount of microorganisms to be introduced at once or multiple times, the microbial permeation reaction wall of this embodiment only requires a small amount of microorganisms to be introduced at once during construction. These microorganisms can gradually grow, multiply, and spread to each position of the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23 to form a wall that can trap and treat pollutants. Moreover, no manual supervision is required during operation, resulting in lower costs and simpler operation. Compared to reaction walls using pre-embedded microorganisms, where the microorganisms pre-embedded inside the wall are within the blocky wall formed by organic matter, leading to slow microbial proliferation and uneven growth, the microbial permeation reaction wall of this embodiment exhibits rapid and uniform microbial growth during construction. Meanwhile, since the microbial source chambers 24 can be used entirely for housing the same type of microorganisms or for housing different types of microorganisms, the microbial permeable reaction wall in this embodiment can, on the one hand, be used to house different types of microorganisms in each microbial source chamber 24 according to the needs of remediation and treatment of groundwater with multiple pollutants, so that the microbial reaction component 2 is loaded with different specialized microorganisms to achieve the effect of treating different pollutants; on the other hand, it can also be used to house microorganisms for treating the same type of pollutant in each microbial source chamber 24 according to the needs of remediation and treatment of groundwater with only the same type of pollutant, so as to achieve the effect of efficiently treating pollutants in groundwater.Compared to the integral wall used in the prior art, the microbial permeable reactive wall in this embodiment adopts a first grid-like frame 22 and a second grid-like frame 23 arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the permeable membrane 21 along the thickness direction. The first horizontal part 222 and the second horizontal part 232 are staggered in the height direction. This can provide sufficient growth space for microorganisms and effectively avoid blockage or even blockage of water flow in the gaps of the microbial reaction component 2 during the process of microbial proliferation and growth. It can also ensure that pollutants in groundwater pass through the microbial reaction component 2 without the occurrence of pollutant interception failure. The microbial reactive wall of this embodiment can also flexibly select the number of microbial source chambers 24 according to the concentration of pollutants in the groundwater, ensuring that costs can be reduced while treating groundwater pollutants. When the concentration of pollutants in the groundwater is high, microbial source chambers 24 can be arranged at all intersections of the first vertical section 221 and the first horizontal section 222, as well as at the intersections of the second vertical section 231 and the second horizontal section 232. When the concentration of pollutants in the groundwater is low, microbial source chambers 24 can be arranged only at some intersections of the first vertical section 221 and the first horizontal section 222, as well as at some intersections of the second vertical section 231 and the second horizontal section 232. The microbial reactive wall in this embodiment is made of organic material for both the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23. Compared with existing microbial permeable reactive walls, which are all constructed on-site, the engineering is complex, material transportation is complicated, the construction period is long, and the construction preparation time is long. The microbial permeable reactive wall in this embodiment can use existing 3D printing equipment to use corresponding liquid organic matter as raw material to 3D print the first grid-like frame 22 structure and the second grid-like frame 23 structure on the water-facing and back water-facing sides of the permeable membrane 21 along the thickness direction. After curing, the microbial source chamber 24 is installed to prefabricate the microbial reaction component 2 structure. The construction is simple, fast, low-cost, and convenient to transport.

[0055] It should be noted that both the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23 have hollow microporous channels running through their interiors, which facilitates the movement and diffusion of microorganisms on their outer surface as well as within their interior.

[0056] Specifically, the outer shell of the microbial source chamber 24 is made of one of PLA (polylactic acid), PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoate), PBAT (thermoplastic biodegradable plastic), gelatin, bone glue, lignocellulose, and starch. All of the above materials are soluble and can gradually dissolve under the action of microorganisms and over time.

[0057] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a first perforation 223 is formed through the first grid-like frame 22 along the thickness direction. The projection of the first perforation 223 along the thickness direction falls within the range of the second horizontal portion 232 of the second grid-like frame 23. The dimension of the first perforation 223 along the height direction is equal to the dimension of the second horizontal portion 232 along the height direction. By fully aligning the first perforation 223 and the second horizontal portion 232 of the second grid-like frame 23, the first horizontal portion 222 of the first grid-like frame 22 and the second horizontal portion 232 of the second grid-like frame 23 are arranged in a staggered manner along the height direction. This provides sufficient growth space for microorganisms, effectively preventing blockage or even water flow obstruction in the gaps of the microbial reaction component 2 during the process of microbial proliferation and growth. It also ensures that groundwater pollutants pass through the microbial reaction component 2 without pollutant retention failure. To further expand the growth space for microorganisms, such as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, specifically, a second through hole 233 is formed through the second grid frame 23 along the thickness direction, and the projection of the second through hole 233 along the thickness direction falls within the range of the first horizontal portion 222 of the first grid frame 22. More specifically, the projection of the second vertical portion 231 of the second grid frame 23 along the thickness direction overlaps with the first vertical portion 221 of the first grid frame 22.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the decomposition rate of the first grid mesh frame 22 under the action of microorganisms is greater than that of the second grid mesh frame 23 under the action of microorganisms. This is because, compared to the second grid mesh frame 23, the first grid mesh frame 22 decomposes faster under the influence of microorganisms, providing a large amount of energy and nutrients to the microorganisms in a short time, enabling them to grow and proliferate rapidly and thus achieving the ability to treat pollutants with high concentrations. The second grid mesh frame 23 decomposes slower under the influence of microorganisms, providing energy to the microorganisms for a longer period, maintaining the long-term survival of a large number of microorganisms, and therefore decomposing pollutants for an extended period. It is understood that in other embodiments, the decomposition rate of the second grid mesh frame 23 under the action of microorganisms is greater than that of the first grid mesh frame 22, achieving the same substantially similar effect.

[0059] Specifically, the first grid-like frame 22 is made of one or more of starch, corn flour, guar gum, gluten, molasses powder, and glucose, and the above-mentioned organic materials have the characteristic of being able to decompose rapidly under the influence of microorganisms; the second grid-like frame 23 is made of one or more of lignocellulose, wood flour, straw powder, corn cob powder, and coconut shell powder, and the above-mentioned organic materials have the characteristic of being decomposed slowly.

[0060] Considering that some organic pollutants in groundwater will produce toxic secondary products after being decomposed and remediated by certain microorganisms, in order to decompose and remediate these toxic secondary products as well, in some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the outer shell of the microbial source chamber 24 used to house different types of microorganisms is different. By controlling the thickness of the outer shell of the microbial source chamber 24 containing microorganisms that can process primary products that produce toxic secondary products to be less than the thickness of the outer shell of the microbial source chamber 24 containing microorganisms that can process toxic secondary products, the two types of microorganisms can be released sequentially (microorganisms that can process primary products that produce toxic secondary products are released first, and microorganisms that can process toxic secondary products are released later), thereby also decomposing and remediating the toxic secondary products and eliminating the risk of secondary pollution. It is understood that in other embodiments, setting the thickness of the microbial source chamber 24 containing the same type of microorganisms to be different can prolong the microbial release process, thereby prolonging the service life of the microbial permeable reaction wall.

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, four microbial reaction components 2 are provided, and the four microbial reaction components 2 are arranged at intervals along the thickness direction in the mounting groove 11. Since different microorganisms have different optimal organic substrates for growth, in order to better load multiple types of microorganisms in the microbial permeation reaction wall in this embodiment and achieve the effect of treating different groundwater pollutants, the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23 of the four microbial reaction components 2 are respectively made of four different organic materials (that is, the material of the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23 of each microbial reaction component 2 is different from the material of the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23 of another microbial reaction component 2), so that the four microbial reaction components 2 are respectively used for the optimal growth and proliferation of microorganisms that are specifically and efficiently used to treat one of the four groundwater pollutants, so that the four microbial reaction components 2 can be better loaded with a specific microorganism and achieve a better effect of treating different groundwater pollutants. It is understood that in other embodiments, the microbial reaction components 2 can be configured in two, three, or five quantities, with each microbial reaction component 2 providing an organic matrix most suitable for the growth of a specific type of microorganism, thereby achieving better treatment of two, three, or five pollutants in groundwater.

[0062] Specifically, the microbial source chamber 24 is used to house one or more of the following microorganisms: sulfur-iron bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptomyces, cyanobacteria, putrefactive Pseudomonas putrefactiveus, and Crescentella spp. These microorganisms have the characteristics of decomposing the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23 of organic matter and using the nutrients generated by the decomposition to grow, multiply, and diffuse. Different microorganisms have different specific functions and can treat and purify different heavy metals or organic pollutants (such as NAPLs (non-aqueous liquid pollutants), SVOCs (semi-volatile organic compounds), etc.).

[0063] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the permeable wall 1 has an opening communicating with the mounting groove 11 at its upper end along the height direction, and the microbial reaction component 2 is detachably connected to the mounting groove 11. By providing an opening communicating with the mounting groove 11, when the microbial activity of the microbial permeable reaction wall in this embodiment does not reach the expected level or decreases due to prolonged operation, a microbial enhancer can be injected into the gaps of the microbial reaction component 2 through the opening, extending the service life of the microbial permeable reaction wall. Simultaneously, by detachably connecting the microbial reaction component 2 to the mounting groove 11, when the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23 made of organic material are decomposed and exhausted by microorganisms, the original microbial reaction component 2 can be removed and a new microbial reaction component 2 can be placed in, making maintenance convenient and cost-effective. Furthermore, because the microbial reaction component 2 is detachably connected to the mounting groove 11, its replaceability is also very high. Since the types and concentrations of pollutants in some sites undergoing complex contamination tend to change with the seasons and operating time, the permeable reaction wall in this embodiment can be adjusted and replaced with the microbial reaction component 2 in a timely manner.

[0064] This embodiment does not limit the detachable connection structure between the microbial reaction component 2 and the installation tank 11. To ensure increased compactness of the connection between the microbial reaction component 2 and the installation tank 11 while maintaining detachability, it is necessary to prevent displacement of the microbial reaction component 2 within the installation tank 11 under the impact of groundwater, and also to prevent preferential flow of contaminants at the connection point between the microbial reaction component 2 and the installation tank 11. Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 9As shown, preferably, two slots 111 are arranged opposite each other on the two inner walls along the length direction of the mounting groove 11, and the two slots 111 are symmetrically arranged about the thickness direction; the two ends of the permeable membrane 21 along the length direction are respectively provided with water-absorbing and expanding rubber 25 for being inserted into the slots 111; before absorbing water and expanding, the water-absorbing and expanding rubber 25 is in a gap fit with the slots 111 so that the microbial reaction component 2 can be smoothly and accurately assembled into the mounting groove 11; after absorbing water and expanding, the water-absorbing and expanding rubber 25 can be interference-fitted into the slots 111 to ensure the tightness of the connection between the two; at the same time, after absorbing water and expanding, the water-absorbing and expanding rubber 25 has a water-stopping effect, which can effectively prevent the preferential flow of pollutants. Of course, in other embodiments, the microbial reaction component 2 and the mounting groove 11 can also be detachably connected by bolts passing through the microbial reaction component 2 and the mounting groove 11 for threaded connection. Pre-embedded holes are provided at the upper ends of the two walls along the length direction of the mounting groove 11 along the height direction. The pre-embedded holes are parallel to the height direction and are used to embed the pre-embedded wire thread sleeve with internal threaded hole. Connecting plates are provided on both sides of the permeable membrane 21 along the length direction at the upper ends of the two walls along the height direction. The connecting plates are parallel to the length direction and have through holes along the height direction at the positions corresponding to the internal threaded holes. During assembly, the fastening bolts pass through the through holes and are screwed into the internal threaded holes of the wire thread sleeves.

[0065] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the microbial reaction component 2 is equipped with a sensor component 3 for detecting pH, water temperature, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen. The sensor component 3 can monitor the pH, water temperature, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen data within the microbial permeation reaction wall in real time, and comprehensively analyze the operating status of the microbial permeation reaction wall through a program. When the monitoring system determines that the microbial permeation reaction wall has become passivated due to prolonged operation, it alerts personnel to make rectifications. Simultaneously, because when microorganisms proliferate in large quantities, pH decreases, temperature increases, conductivity increases, and dissolved oxygen decreases, the sensor component 3 can also monitor in real time whether the pH, water temperature, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen levels of the microbial reaction component 2 meet expectations. This allows for a comprehensive assessment of the growth of microorganisms along the microbial reaction component 2. The entire operation process requires no manual supervision, reducing labor costs. Specifically, the sensor component 3 includes a pH sensor for detecting pH, a water temperature sensor for detecting water temperature, a conductivity sensor for detecting conductivity, and a dissolved oxygen sensor for detecting dissolved oxygen.

[0066] To more accurately assess the diffusion, proliferation, and growth of microorganisms along the first grid-like framework 22 and the second grid-like framework 23, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, four sets of sensor components 3 are provided, wherein two sets of sensor components 3 are provided on the side of the first grid mesh frame 22 away from the permeable membrane 21 along the thickness direction, and are respectively provided on both sides of the first grid mesh frame 22 along the length direction; the other two sets of sensor components 3 are provided on the side of the second grid mesh frame 23 away from the permeable membrane 21 along the thickness direction, and are respectively provided on both sides of the second grid mesh frame 23 along the length direction.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] like Figures 1 to 9 The diagram illustrates a construction method provided in this embodiment for constructing the self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier described in Example 1. The construction method includes the following steps:

[0069] Select the required permeable membrane 21;

[0070] A first liquid organic material is selected to form the first grid-like frame 22. The first liquid organic material is used to print the first grid-like frame 22 according to the set shape of the first grid-like frame 22 on the water-facing side of the permeable membrane 21 along the thickness direction using a 3D printing device. After printing, the first grid-like frame 22 is obtained by curing.

[0071] The second liquid organic material, which is selected to form the second grid mesh frame 23, is printed on the back side of the water-permeable membrane 21 along the thickness direction using a 3D printing device according to the set shape of the second grid mesh frame 23, and then cured after printing to obtain the second grid mesh frame 23.

[0072] Select the required number of microbial source chambers 24, and arrange the microbial source chambers 24 at the intersection of the first vertical part 221 and the first horizontal part 222 and the intersection of the second vertical part 231 and the second horizontal part 232 according to the set arrangement requirements to obtain the microbial reaction component 2.

[0073] After selecting the location for building the wall, a construction trench of appropriate depth and length is excavated using a TRD device. The trench is then filled to form a permeable wall 1 with an installation groove 11. Subsequently, the microbial reaction component 2 is embedded in the installation groove 11.

[0074] Compared to existing microbial permeable reaction walls, which are all constructed on-site, resulting in high engineering complexity, complicated material transportation, long construction period, and long construction preparation time, this construction method can use 3D printing equipment to 3D print a first grid-like frame 22 on the water-facing side of the permeable membrane 21 using the corresponding first liquid organic matter as raw material, and 3D print a second grid-like frame 23 on the water-repellent side of the permeable membrane 21 using the corresponding second liquid organic matter as raw material. According to the arrangement requirements of the microbial source chambers 24, each microbial source chamber 24 is arranged at the intersection of the corresponding first vertical part 221 and the first horizontal part 222, as well as at the intersection of the second vertical part 231 and the second horizontal part 232. The prefabricated microbial reaction component 2 structure is simple, rapid, low-cost, and easy to transport. The microbial permeable reactive wall constructed using this method has a first grid-like frame 22 and a second grid-like frame 23 respectively set on the water-facing side and the water-repellent side of the permeable membrane 21 along its thickness direction. Both the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23 are made of organic material. Microbial source chambers 24 with soluble shells are arranged at the intersections of the first vertical section 221 and the first horizontal section 222, and at the intersections of the second vertical section 231 and the second horizontal section 232. During the construction of the microbial permeable reactive wall, only a small amount of microorganisms needs to be placed in the microbial source chambers 24. Under the action of the microorganisms and over time, the shells of the microbial source chambers 24 will gradually dissolve, allowing the microorganisms to emerge from the microbial source chambers 24 and spread along the first grid-like frame 22 and the second grid-like frame 23. The grid-like mesh frame 23 diffuses and decomposes organic matter into nutrients for microorganisms. This allows a small number of microorganisms originally embedded in the microbial source chamber 24 to grow and multiply along the first grid-like mesh frame 22 and the second grid-like mesh frame 23, ultimately forming a wall that can trap and treat pollutants. This method has self-constructing properties. Compared to existing technologies that require a large amount of microorganisms to be introduced at once or multiple times, this construction method only requires a small amount of microorganisms to be introduced once during the construction of the microbial permeation reaction wall. These microorganisms can then gradually grow, multiply, and diffuse to each position of the first grid-like mesh frame 22 and the second grid-like mesh frame 23 to form a wall that can trap and treat pollutants. Moreover, no manual supervision is required during operation, resulting in lower costs and simpler operation.Meanwhile, because the microbial source chambers 24 can be used entirely for housing the same type of microorganisms or for housing different types of microorganisms, on the one hand, different types of microorganisms can be housed in each microbial source chamber 24 according to the needs of remediation and treatment of groundwater with multiple pollutants, so that the microbial reaction components 2 are loaded with different specialized microorganisms to achieve the effect of treating different pollutants; on the other hand, according to the needs of remediation and treatment of groundwater with the same type of pollutant, each microbial source chamber 24 can be selected to house the type of microorganisms used to treat that type of pollutant, achieving the effect of efficiently treating groundwater pollutants; the construction process is more flexible. Compared with the integral wall used in the prior art, this construction method uses a first grid-like frame 22 and a second grid-like frame 23 arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the permeable membrane 21 along the thickness direction, and the first horizontal part 222 and the second horizontal part 232 are staggered in the height direction. This can provide sufficient growth space for microorganisms, effectively avoid clogging of the gaps in the microbial reaction components 2 during the process of microbial proliferation and growth; and ensure that groundwater pollutants pass through the microbial reaction components 2 without being trapped or ineffective.

[0075] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier, characterized in that, The application relates to a permeable wall body (1) comprising: a mounting groove (11) arranged in the permeable wall body (1); a microbial reaction assembly (2) for treating pollutants in underground water when the underground water penetrates the microbial reaction assembly (2) along a thickness direction; the microbial reaction assembly (2) comprises: a water-permeable membrane (21) arranged in the mounting groove (11); a first cross-shaped frame (22) arranged on a water-facing side of the water-permeable membrane (21) along the thickness direction, the first cross-shaped frame (22) being made of organic material and used for the growth and diffusion of microorganisms; a second cross-shaped frame (23) arranged on a backwater side of the water-permeable membrane (21) along the thickness direction, the second cross-shaped frame (23) being made of organic material and used for the growth and diffusion of microorganisms; a second vertical part (231) of the second cross-shaped frame (23) and a first vertical part (221) of the first cross-shaped frame (22) are parallel to a height direction; a second horizontal part (232) of the second cross-shaped frame (23) and a first horizontal part (222) of the first cross-shaped frame (22) are parallel to a length direction and are arranged in sequence and staggered along the height direction; a plurality of microbial source bins (24) arranged at intersections of the first vertical part (221) and the first horizontal part (222) and intersections of the second vertical part (231) and the second horizontal part (232) respectively; the microbial source bins (24) are used for embedding the same microorganisms or different microorganisms, and the microbial source bins (24) are provided with soluble shells.

2. A self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier according to claim 1, wherein, first perforations (223) are formed in the first cross-shaped frame (22) along the thickness direction, and projections of the first perforations (223) along the thickness direction fall within a range of the second horizontal part (232) of the second cross-shaped frame (23); and / or second perforations (233) are formed in the second cross-shaped frame (23) along the thickness direction, and projections of the second perforations (233) along the thickness direction fall within a range of the first horizontal part (222) of the first cross-shaped frame (22).

3. A self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A decomposition speed of the first cross-shaped frame (22) under the action of microorganisms is greater than a decomposition speed of the second cross-shaped frame (23) under the action of microorganisms.

4. A self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier according to claim 3, wherein, The material of the first cross-shaped frame (22) is one or more of starch, corn powder, guar gum, gum, molasses powder and glucose; and the material of the second cross-shaped frame (23) is one or more of lignocellulose, wood powder, straw powder, corn cob powder and coconut shell powder.

5. A self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier according to claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the shell of the microbial source bin (24) for embedding different types of microorganisms is different.

6. A self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier according to claim 1, wherein, The microbial reaction assembly (2) is arranged in the mounting groove (11) in a spaced manner along the thickness direction, and four microbial reaction assemblies (2) are used for loading different specific microorganisms respectively.

7. The self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier according to claim 1 or 6, wherein, The permeable wall (1) has an opening at its upper relative end along the height direction that communicates with the mounting groove (11), and the microbial reaction component (2) is detachably connected to the mounting groove (11).

8. A self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier according to claim 7, wherein, The mounting groove (11) has two slots (111) arranged opposite each other on the two inner walls along the length direction, and the two slots (111) are symmetrically arranged about the thickness direction; the permeable membrane (21) is provided with water-absorbing and expanding rubber (25) at both ends along the length direction for inserting into the slots (111).

9. The self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier of claim 1, wherein, The microbial reaction assembly (2) is equipped with a sensor assembly (3) for detecting pH, water temperature, conductivity and dissolved oxygen.

10. A method of construction, characterised by, The method for constructing a self-constructing microbial permeable reactive barrier according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: Select the desired permeable membrane (21); The first liquid organic material, which is selected to form the first grid mesh frame (22), is used to print the first liquid organic material on the water-facing side of the permeable membrane (21) along the thickness direction according to the set shape of the first grid mesh frame (22) using a 3D printing device, and the first grid mesh frame (22) is obtained after the printing is completed and cured. The second liquid organic material, which is selected to form the second grid mesh frame (23), is printed on the back side of the water-permeable membrane (21) along the thickness direction using a 3D printing device according to the set shape of the second grid mesh frame (23), and then cured after printing to obtain the second grid mesh frame (23). Select the required number of microbial source chambers (24), and arrange the microbial source chambers (24) at the intersection of the first vertical part (221) and the first horizontal part (222) and the intersection of the second vertical part (231) and the second horizontal part (232) according to the set arrangement requirements to obtain the microbial reaction assembly (2); Select the location for building the wall, use TRD equipment to dig a construction trench of appropriate depth and length, fill the construction trench to obtain a permeable wall (1) with an installation groove (11), and then embed the microbial reaction component (2) into the installation groove (11).

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