Surface load loading device for curved hull structures and its test method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a surface load loading device for curved hull structures and a test method thereof, comprising a structural test platform, a load generating device and a restraining device mounted on the structural test platform, a surface load conversion device mounted on the front end of the load generating device, and both ends of the surface load conversion device connected to a support frame via a rotating shaft; a test model is mounted on the restraining device, and the loading area of ​​the test model is covered by a high-pressure liquid bag. The present invention can apply a uniform load to the curved surface of the test model via the high-pressure liquid bag, effectively solving the practical problem that existing devices cannot simulate the actual stress state of the curved surface structure of the hull under the action of surface loads. The loading device is integrated as a whole, has a high degree of modularization, and is easy to install and operate. The surface load conversion device can also be customized with detachable support frame side panels as needed to adapt to 0-1m ‑1 The curvature of the ship structure greatly improves the utilization rate of the test equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship testing devices, in particular to a surface load loading device facing a curved surface structure of a hull and a testing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the voyage of a ship, different areas of the hull are subjected to different surface loads. For example, surface pressure loads such as the outboard water pressure caused by wave loads and the cargo pressure caused by pitch and roll will lead to a reduction in local structural strength, causing the hull structure to fail to reach the design limit load and lose its load-bearing capacity prematurely.

[0003] In the existing technology, surface load loading methods mainly include heavy object loading method, tension and compression pad-lever method and airbag loading method, but the relevant results are mostly suitable for testing the mechanical properties of structures under surface pressure loads within 100kPa, and cannot meet the test pressure requirement of 500kPa required for hull structures; moreover, the existing load loading methods are difficult to achieve distributed loading on the surface of large curvature structures, so they cannot be applied to the comprehensive structural strength test of load-bearing components of the hull with different curvatures under surface loads, and cannot meet the structural performance test requirements of complex curved surface structures of the hull. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides a surface load loading device for hull curved surface structure with a reasonable structure and a test method thereof, thereby effectively solving the practical problem that the existing device cannot simulate the actual stress state of the hull curved surface structure under the action of surface load. The loading device is overall integrated and highly modularized, easy to install and operate, and can adapt to 0-1m -1 The curvature of the ship structure greatly improves the utilization rate of the test equipment.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A surface load applying device for a curved hull structure includes a structural test platform, a load generating device mounted on the top surface of the structural test platform, a surface load conversion device mounted on the output end of the load generating device, the surface load conversion device supported on a support frame, and the support frame movably supported on the structural test platform; a restraining device is also mounted on the structural test platform, and a test model is mounted on the side of the restraining device facing the surface load conversion device;

[0007] The structure of the surface load conversion device is as follows: it includes a support frame with an opening facing the test model, a high-pressure liquid bag filled with oil is accommodated in the cavity of the support frame, and the high-pressure liquid bag wraps and covers the end face of the test model during the test; a ball head flange is installed at the center of the outer side surface of the support frame, and the end face of the ball head flange is equipped with a ball head seat, and also includes a tie rod ball head, one end of the tie rod ball head is set to an outward convex sphere, the outward convex sphere extends into the ball head seat and is movably assembled with a spherical structure, and the other end of the tie rod ball head is fixed to the output end of the load generating device.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0009] The tie rod ball head is fixed with a convex ring, and a cylindrical neck is formed between the convex ring and the outer convex sphere. The diameter of the cylindrical neck is smaller than the diameter of the outer convex sphere; a through hole is provided on the ball head seat for the tie rod ball head to be mounted, one end of the through hole is set as an inner concave spherical structure, and the other end of the through hole is set as an outward conical surface; the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the convex ring, and the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the outer convex sphere; the diameter of the center hole of the ball head flange is larger than the diameter of the outer convex sphere.

[0010] A load sensor is fixedly installed between the end of the tie rod ball head and the load generating device.

[0011] The tie rod ball head is equipped with connecting flange 2 via a thread, and the end of the tie rod ball head located on the outside of the connecting flange 2 is also equipped with connecting flange 1; the connecting flange 1 and the connecting flange 2 are fixed together via circumferentially evenly distributed fasteners, and the load sensor is installed on the side of the connecting flange 1.

[0012] The support frame includes a connecting seat, the longitudinal section of which is a V-shaped structure with the opening facing the test model. Side panels are installed on both sides of the connecting seat to form a cavity. The shape of the high-pressure liquid bag after filling with liquid matches the cavity of the support frame; the side surface of the side panel facing the test model is flat or set to a concave structure.

[0013] The high-pressure liquid sac is sewn with reinforcing ribs on the rear side facing the test model, and the front side and both side sides of the high-pressure liquid sac are sewn with straps; the front side of the high-pressure liquid sac is also installed with an oil pipe through a sealing flange, and the oil pipe passes through the support frame and is threadedly fitted with a three-way valve at the end. A pressure sensor is installed at one interface of the three-way valve, and the other interface of the three-way valve is connected to an external oil supply source.

[0014] The load generating device, support frame and constraint device are supported and located in the same straight line direction of the top surface of the structural test platform, and the support frame passively moves on the structural test platform; a connecting mechanism is symmetrically installed between the two sides of the surface load conversion device and the support frame, and the surface load conversion device is rotatably installed relative to the support frame via the connecting mechanism.

[0015] The specific structure of the connection mechanism is: it includes a boss perpendicular to the side of the surface load conversion device, the end of the boss is inserted into the shaft seat through a bearing, and the shaft seat is fixed on the support frame; a coaxial hole for the insertion of a pin is also provided from top to bottom through the shaft seat and the boss.

[0016] The structure of the support frame is as follows: it includes a vertical frame with an inverted U-shaped structure, a reinforcing beam is installed between the two vertical arms of the vertical frame, a base is installed at the bottom of the two vertical arms of the vertical frame, reinforcing frames are installed between the two sides of the two vertical arms of the vertical frame and the base, and universal wheels are installed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the base; long slots are symmetrically opened on the two vertical arms of the vertical frame, the axle seat is attached to the side of the vertical frame, and the fasteners pass through the axle seat and the long slot in sequence and are locked with nuts.

[0017] A test method for a surface load loading device for a curved hull structure includes the following steps:

[0018] Open the oil source and fill the high-pressure liquid bag in the surface load conversion device with oil to the preset height;

[0019] The load generating device, the surface load conversion device, the support frame and the restraint device are sequentially installed on the structural test platform, and the load sensor is installed between the surface load conversion device and the load generating device;

[0020] Inserting a latch into the connection mechanism between the support frame and the surface load conversion device so that the surface load conversion device is relatively fixed relative to the support frame;

[0021] A thin film pressure sensor is installed in the loading area of ​​the test model, and a resistance strain gauge is installed on the back of the loading area of ​​the test model. The test model is then fixed to the restraint device via a bolt assembly, and the test leads of the thin film pressure sensor and the resistance strain gauge are connected to an external data acquisition device respectively.

[0022] The load generating device pre-acts, and its piston rod extends, pushing the surface load conversion device to move along with the support frame toward the test model until the side of the high-pressure liquid bag contacts the test model. The latch is removed, releasing the rotational freedom between the surface load conversion device and the support frame.

[0023] The load generating device is operated, and a preload test is performed with a load less than 30% of the maximum test load, and then unloaded;

[0024] When the deviation between the load sensor signal and the thin film pressure sensor signal is within 10%, that is, the load is evenly transferred to the loading area of ​​the test model through the high-pressure liquid bag in the surface load conversion device, the load loading is started through the load generating device, and the structural strength test of the test model under the action of the surface load is carried out. The data acquisition instrument is used to collect data during the structural strength test.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] The present invention has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. Through the surface load conversion device, especially the setting of the high-pressure liquid capsule therein, the load power output by the load generating device can be converted by the high-pressure liquid capsule, and finally a uniform load is applied to the curved surface of the test model, thereby restoring the real stress state of the hull curved surface structure, effectively solving the practical problem that the existing device cannot simulate the real stress state of the hull curved surface structure under the action of the surface load, and is suitable for a surface load loading device for complex curved surfaces of the hull structure; the loading device is integrated as a whole, has a high degree of modularization, and is easy to install and operate. The surface load conversion device can be customized with detachable support frame side panels according to needs, and can adapt to 0-1m -1 The curvature of the ship structure realizes the high-load and large-curvature surface pressure load loading function, which greatly improves the applicability and utilization of the test equipment;

[0027] The present invention also includes the following advantages:

[0028] The present invention uses the fit between the high-pressure liquid bladder and the test model curved surface to achieve load conversion and ensure uniform load application. The present invention uses oil to achieve use. The use of oil is safer than existing airbag structures and can achieve higher test pressures. At the same time, reinforcing ribs are combined to strengthen the high-pressure liquid bladder structure and improve its pressure-bearing capacity.

[0029] The support frame is used to support the surface load conversion device. While achieving reliable power connection between the surface load conversion device and the load generating device, it also effectively reduces the force exerted by the surface load conversion device on the load generating device in the direction of gravity, effectively ensuring the reliability and stability of the load generating device during power output. In addition, the support frame can be moved relative to the structural test platform. During the test, the support frame can move relative to the structural test platform along with the surface load conversion device as the test progresses. While achieving the supporting function, it does not affect the surface load conversion device's fit and force application to the test model, effectively ensuring the smooth and unimpeded progress of the test.

[0030] The support frame and the surface load conversion device are rotatably mounted. As the test progresses, the rotational freedom can effectively ensure the reliable fit between the load conversion device and the test model, ensuring the uniformity of load application to the test model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the surface load conversion device installed on the support frame of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the surface load conversion device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the surface load conversion device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the side panel of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the high-pressure liquid capsule of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the support frame of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection mechanism of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the load generating device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the restraint device of the present invention.

[0042] Wherein: 100, load generating device; 200, surface load conversion device; 300, support frame; 400, restraint device; 500, structural test platform; 600, test model; 700, connection mechanism;

[0043] 101. Anchor bolt set 1; 102. Triangular reaction frame 1; 103. Cylinder connector; 104. Load-applying actuator; 105. Load sensor;

[0044] 201. Connecting flange 1; 202. Connecting flange 2; 203. Tie rod ball end; 204. Ball end seat; 205. Ball end flange; 206. Connecting seat; 207. Side panel; 208. High-pressure liquid capsule; 209. Reinforcement rib; 210. Bandage; 211. Sealing flange; 212. Oil pipeline; 213. Three-way valve; 214. Pressure sensor;

[0045] 2031, convex spherical shape; 2032, cylindrical neck; 2033, convex ring; 2041, concave spherical structure; 2042, through hole; 2043, outward tapered surface; 2071, concave structure;

[0046] 301, universal wheel; 302, reinforcement frame; 303, vertical frame; 3031, long slot;

[0047] 401. Extension tooling; 402. Triangular reaction frame 2; 403. Anchor bolt set 2;

[0048] 701, boss; 702, bearing; 703, fastener; 704, shaft seat; 705, pin; 706, nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the surface load applying device for a curved hull structure of this embodiment includes a structural test platform 500. A load generating device 100 is mounted on the top surface of the structural test platform 500. A surface load conversion device 200 is mounted on the output end of the load generating device 100. The surface load conversion device 200 is supported on a support frame 300, which is movably supported on the structural test platform 500. A restraint device 400 is also mounted on the structural test platform 500. A test model 600 is mounted on the side of the restraint device 400 facing the surface load conversion device 200.

[0051] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the surface load conversion device 200 is as follows: it includes a support frame with an opening toward the test model 600, and a high-pressure liquid bag 208 filled with oil is accommodated in the cavity of the support frame. During the test, the high-pressure liquid bag 208 wraps and covers the end face of the test model 600; a ball head flange 205 is installed at the center of the outer side surface of the support frame, and the end face of the ball head flange 205 is equipped with a ball head seat 204, and also includes a tie rod ball head 203, one end of the tie rod ball head 203 is set as an outward convex sphere 2031, and the outward convex sphere 2031 extends into the ball head seat 204 and is movably equipped with a spherical structure, and the other end of the tie rod ball head 203 is fixed to the output end of the load generating device 100.

[0052] Through the surface load conversion device 200, especially the setting of the high-pressure liquid capsule 208 therein, the load power output by the load generating device 100 can be converted by the high-pressure liquid capsule 208, and finally a uniform load can be applied to the curved surface of the test model 600, thereby restoring the actual stress state of the curved surface structure of the hull, effectively solving the practical problem that the existing device cannot simulate the actual stress state of the curved surface structure of the hull under the action of surface load, and is suitable for a surface load loading device for complex curved surfaces of hull structures.

[0053] The arrangement of the tie rod ball head 203 and the matching ball head seat 204 and ball head flange 205 enables a certain degree of freedom between the output end of the load generating device 100 and the surface load conversion device 200, and enables relative movement in the vertical direction. Especially when used in conjunction with the support frame 300, it can effectively ensure the reliability of the fit between the high-pressure liquid capsule 208 in the inner cavity of the surface load conversion device 200 and the test model 600, and effectively ensure the stability and uniformity of load application.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, the rod portion of the tie rod ball head 203 is fixed with a convex ring 2033, and a cylindrical neck 2032 is formed between the convex ring 2033 and the outer convex sphere 2031. The diameter of the cylindrical neck 2032 is smaller than the diameter of the outer convex sphere 2031; a through hole 2042 is provided on the ball head seat 204 for the tie rod ball head 203 to be mounted, and one end of the through hole 2042 is set as an inner concave spherical structure 2041, and the other end of the through hole 2042 is set as an outward tapered surface 2043; the diameter of the through hole 2042 is smaller than the diameter of the convex ring 2033, and the diameter of the through hole 2042 is smaller than the diameter of the outer convex sphere 2031; the diameter of the center hole of the ball head flange 205 is larger than the diameter of the outer convex sphere 2031.

[0055] In this embodiment, a cylindrical neck 2032 is provided between the convex ring 2033 and the outer convex sphere 2031 of the tie rod ball head 203, so that the position of the cylindrical neck 2032 is reliably matched with the ball head seat 204, effectively preventing the tie rod ball head 203 from detaching from the ball head seat 204.

[0056] The convex ring 2033 in this embodiment can be an interference fit on the rod ball head 203, or can be assembled to the rod ball head 203 via threads. Of course, the convex ring 2033 can also be installed in other ways such as welding to serve as a blocking and limiting function.

[0057] The two ends of the through hole 2042 of the ball head seat 204 are set as an inner concave spherical structure 2041 and an outer conical surface 2043. In addition to limiting the axial position of the through-rod ball head 203, it also effectively ensures the freedom of relative rotation of the tie rod ball head 203 relative to the ball head seat 204 in a spherical shape, effectively ensuring and guaranteeing the reliability, smoothness and accuracy of the test.

[0058] A load sensor 105 is fixedly installed between the end of the tie rod ball head 203 and the load generating device 100 , and load information is fed back in real time via the load sensor 105 .

[0059] The rod part of the tie rod ball head 203 is equipped with a connecting flange 202 via a thread, and the end of the rod part of the tie rod ball head 203 located on the outside of the connecting flange 202 is also equipped with a connecting flange 1 201; the connecting flange 1 201 and the connecting flange 2 202 are fixed together via circumferentially evenly distributed fasteners, and the load sensor 105 is installed on the side of the connecting flange 1 201.

[0060] In this embodiment, the installation of connecting flange 1 201 relative to the tie rod ball head 203 is achieved through connecting flange 202, and the installation of the end load sensor 105 of the tie rod ball head 203 is achieved through connecting flange 1 201; the setting of connecting flange 202 also effectively ensures and improves the structural strength of the rod part of the tie rod ball head 203.

[0061] The support frame includes a connecting seat 206. The longitudinal section of the connecting seat 206 is a V-shaped structure with an opening facing the test model 600. Side plates 207 are installed on both sides of the connecting seat 206 to form a cavity. The shape of the high-pressure liquid bag 208 after filling with liquid matches the shape of the supporting frame cavity. The side of the side plate 207 facing the test model 600 is flat or set as a concave structure 2071. Figure 6 shown.

[0062] The longitudinal section of the connecting seat 206 is set to a V-shaped structure, so that the support frame cavity and the high-pressure liquid bag 208 have sufficient thickness at the center position and a certain slope at the edge, which can have a similar trend to the curved surface to which the load is to be applied, so that there is sufficient oil at each position where the high-pressure liquid bag 208 is attached to the curved surface, which effectively helps to ensure the reliability and uniformity of load application.

[0063] An inner concave structure 2071 is provided on the side panel 207, which can form a cavity for accommodating the high-pressure liquid capsule 208. In combination with the connecting seat 206, it effectively ensures the circumferential structural support for the high-pressure liquid capsule 208. In addition, the inner concave structure 2071 is provided to form an avoidance to prevent unnecessary contact between the side panel 207 and the test model 600, thereby being suitable for force testing on curved surfaces with different curvatures, especially for surfaces with complex structures, effectively ensuring and improving the applicability of the device.

[0064] like Figure 7As shown, a reinforcing rib 209 is sewn on the rear side of the high-pressure liquid capsule 208 facing the test model 600, and straps 210 are sewn on the front side and both side surfaces of the high-pressure liquid capsule 208, and the high-pressure liquid capsule 208 is tied to the support frame via the straps 210; an oil pipe 212 is also installed on the front side of the high-pressure liquid capsule 208 via a sealing flange 211, and a three-way valve 213 is threadedly installed on the end of the oil pipe 212 after passing through the support frame, and a pressure sensor 214 is installed at one interface of the three-way valve 213, and the other interface of the three-way valve 213 is connected to an external oil supply source; during the test, the pressure value of the oil inside the high-pressure liquid capsule 208 can be obtained in real time via the pressure sensor 214.

[0065] In this embodiment, the material of the high-pressure liquid sac 208 can be aramid-reinforced TPU polymer composite material, and the material of the reinforcing ribs 209 can be ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene webbing. The reinforcing ribs 209 serve to enhance the pressure-bearing capacity of the high-pressure liquid sac 208 and prevent the liquid sac from being damaged during loading.

[0066] In this embodiment, the ultimate pressure of the high-pressure liquid capsule 208 can reach 0.6 MPa, which is fully sufficient for the working pressure of 0.5 MPa.

[0067] The load generating device 100, the support frame 300 and the constraint device 400 are supported in the same straight line direction on the top surface of the structural test platform 500, and the support frame 300 passively moves on the structural test platform 500; the surface load conversion device 200 and the support frame 300 are symmetrically installed with a connecting mechanism 700 on both sides, and the surface load conversion device 200 is rotatably installed relative to the support frame 300 via the connecting mechanism 700.

[0068] In this embodiment, the support frame 300 and the surface load conversion device 200 are rotatably installed. As the test progresses, the rotational freedom can effectively ensure the reliable fit between the surface load conversion device 200 and the test model 600, thereby ensuring the uniformity of load application to the test model 600.

[0069] like Figure 9 As shown, the specific structure of the connecting mechanism 700 is: it includes a boss 701 perpendicular to the side of the surface load conversion device 200, the end of the boss 701 is inserted into the shaft seat 704 through the bearing 702, and the shaft seat 704 is fixed on the support frame 300; a coaxial hole for inserting a pin 705 is also provided from top to bottom through the shaft seat 704 and the boss 701.

[0070] During the test preparation stage, the pin 705 can be inserted into the coaxial hole so that the boss 701 and the shaft seat 704 in the connection mechanism 700 are relatively fixed, that is, the rotational freedom between the surface load conversion device 200 and the support frame 300 is restricted, which is convenient for rapid and reliable test preparation of the device; after the preparation is completed, the rotational freedom is quickly unlocked by removing the pin 705, which is simple, convenient, reliable, and convenient for actual test operations.

[0071] like Figure 8 As shown, the structure of the support frame 300 is: it includes a vertical frame 303 with an inverted U-shaped structure, a reinforcing beam is installed between the two vertical arms of the vertical frame 303, a base is installed at the bottom of the two vertical arms of the vertical frame 303, reinforcing frames 302 are installed between the two sides of the two vertical arms of the vertical frame 303 and the base, and universal wheels 301 are installed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the base; long slots 3031 are symmetrically opened on the two vertical arms of the vertical frame 303, the shaft seat 704 is attached to the side of the vertical frame 303, and the fastener 703 passes through the shaft seat 704 and the long slot 3031 in sequence and is locked with a nut 706.

[0072] In this embodiment, a support frame 300 is used to support the surface load conversion device 200. While achieving reliable power connection between the surface load conversion device 200 and the load generating device 100, it also effectively reduces the force exerted by the surface load conversion device 200 on the load generating device 100 in the direction of gravity, reducing the load generating device 100, especially the piston rod of the load loading actuator 104 therein is not subjected to shear force, effectively ensuring the reliability and stability of the load generating device 100 during power output.

[0073] In addition, the support frame 300 can move relative to the structural test platform 500. During the test, the support frame 300 can move relative to the structural test platform 500 along with the surface load conversion device 200 as the test progresses. While achieving the supporting function, it does not affect the surface load conversion device 200's fit and force application to the test model 600, effectively ensuring the smooth and smooth progress of the test.

[0074] In this embodiment, the shaft seat 704 can be assembled at a suitable height by selecting the long slot 3031 , so that the surface load conversion device 200 can be installed at a suitable height to match the curved surface test height of the test model 600 .

[0075] like Figure 10As shown, the load generating device 100 includes a triangular reaction frame 102, which is installed on the structural test platform 500 through an anchor bolt group 101, and a cylinder connecting seat 103 is fixedly installed on the panel of the triangular reaction frame 102; the tail end of the load loading actuator 104 is fixedly connected to the front end face of the cylinder connecting seat 103 through a high-strength bolt group, and the output end of the load loading actuator 104 is connected to the load sensor 105.

[0076] like Figure 11 As shown, the restraint device 400 includes a triangular reaction frame 402 fixedly mounted on the structural test platform 500 by a second anchor bolt group 403, the rear end face of the extension tooling 401 is connected to the panel of the triangular reaction frame 402 by bolts, and the test model 600 is threadedly connected to the extension tooling 401.

[0077] The present invention uses the fit between the high-pressure liquid bag 208 and the curved surface of the test model 600 to achieve the conversion of applied load, converting the concentrated force generated by the load generating device 100 into surface pressure. This is suitable for applying loads on curved surfaces and ensures uniformity of load application.

[0078] In the present invention, the high-pressure liquid bag 208 is filled with oil for use. The use of oil is safer than the existing airbag structure and can reach a higher test pressure. At the same time, reinforcing ribs 209 are combined to strengthen the high-pressure liquid bag 208 structure and improve its pressure-bearing capacity.

[0079] The surface load loading device of the present invention can test and verify the static / dynamic mechanical properties of the hull structure under the action of surface loads, and has important guiding significance for the safety and reliability of ship structures serving in extremely severe sea conditions.

[0080] The test method of the surface load applying device for the curved surface structure of a hull of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0081] Step 1: Open the oil source and fill the high-pressure liquid bag 208 in the surface load conversion device 200 with oil to a preset height;

[0082] Step 2: Install the load generating device 100, the surface load conversion device 200, the support frame 300 and the restraint device 400 on the structural test platform 500 in sequence, and install the load sensor 105 between the surface load conversion device 200 and the load generating device 100;

[0083] Step 3: Insert the latch 705 into the connection mechanism 700 between the support frame 300 and the surface load conversion device 200 to fix the surface load conversion device 200 relative to the support frame 300;

[0084] Step 4: Install a thin film pressure sensor on the loading area of ​​the test model 600 and a resistance strain gauge on the back side of the loading area of ​​the test model 600. Then, secure the test model 600 to the restraint device 400 using a bolt assembly. Connect the test leads of the thin film pressure sensor and resistance strain gauge to an external data acquisition device.

[0085] Step 5: The load generating device 100 pre-acts, and its piston rod extends, pushing the surface load conversion device 200 and the support frame 300 toward the test model 600 until the side of the high-pressure liquid capsule 208 contacts the test model 600. The latch 705 is removed, releasing the rotational freedom between the surface load conversion device 200 and the support frame 300.

[0086] Step 6: The load generating device 100 operates to perform a preload test with a load that is 30% less than the maximum test load, and then unloads;

[0087] The preloading test in step 6 is used to check whether the entire loading device, the load loading system, and the test data testing system are operating normally, while releasing the welding residual stress in the test model 600;

[0088] Step 7: When the deviation between the signal of the load sensor 105 and the signal of the thin film pressure sensor is within 10%, that is, after the load is evenly transferred and applied to the loading area of ​​the test model 600 through the high-pressure liquid capsule 208 in the surface load conversion device 200, load loading is started through the load generating device 100, and a structural strength test of the test model 600 under the action of the surface load is performed, and data during the structural strength test is collected by the data acquisition instrument.

[0089] The present invention is applicable to the surface load loading device of the complex curved surface of the hull structure; the loading device is integrated as a whole, has a high degree of modularization, is easy to install and operate, and the surface load conversion device can be customized with detachable support frame side panels according to needs, and can adapt to 0-1m -1 The curvature of the ship structure realizes the high-load and large-curvature surface pressure load loading function, which greatly improves the applicability and utilization of the test equipment.

[0090] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any modifications may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface load loading device for a curved hull structure, comprising a structural test platform (500), characterized in that: A load generating device (100) is installed on the top surface of the structural test platform (500), a surface load conversion device (200) is installed at the output end of the load generating device (100), the surface load conversion device (200) is supported on a support frame (300), and the support frame (300) is movably supported on the structural test platform (500); a constraint device (400) is also installed on the structural test platform (500), and a test model (600) is installed on the side of the constraint device (400) facing the surface load conversion device (200); The structure of the surface load conversion device (200) is as follows: it includes a support frame with an opening facing the test model (600), a high-pressure liquid bag (208) filled with oil is accommodated in the cavity of the support frame, and the high-pressure liquid bag (208) covers the end surface of the test model (600) during the test; a ball head flange (205) is installed at the center of the outer side surface of the support frame, and the end surface of the ball head flange (205) is equipped with a ball head seat (204), and also includes a tie rod ball head (203), one end of the tie rod ball head (203) is set as an outward convex sphere (2031), the outward convex sphere (2031) extends into the ball head seat (204) and is movably equipped with a spherical structure, and the other end of the tie rod ball head (203) is fixed to the output end of the load generating device (100); The load generating device (100), the support frame (300) and the restraining device (400) are supported and located in the same straight line direction of the top surface of the structural test platform (500), and the support frame (300) passively moves on the structural test platform (500); connecting mechanisms (700) are symmetrically installed between the two sides of the surface load conversion device (200) and the support frame (300), and the surface load conversion device (200) is rotatably installed relative to the support frame (300) via the connecting mechanism (700).

2. The surface load applying device for a curved hull structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rod portion of the tie rod ball head (203) is fixed with a convex ring (2033), and a cylindrical neck (2032) is formed between the convex ring (2033) and the outer convex sphere (2031). The diameter of the cylindrical neck (2032) is smaller than the diameter of the outer convex sphere (2031). The ball head seat (204) is provided with a through hole (2042) for the tie rod ball head (203) to be mounted. One end of the through hole (2042) is provided with an inner concave spherical structure (2041), and the other end of the through hole (2042) is provided with an outer tapered surface (2043). The diameter of the through hole (2042) is smaller than the diameter of the convex ring (2033), and the diameter of the through hole (2042) is smaller than the diameter of the outer convex sphere (2031). The diameter of the center hole of the ball head flange (205) is larger than the diameter of the outer convex sphere (2031).

3. The surface load applying device for a curved hull structure according to claim 1, wherein: A load sensor (105) is fixedly installed between the end of the rod portion of the tie rod ball head (203) and the load generating device (100).

4. The surface load applying device for a curved hull structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rod portion of the tie rod ball head (203) is fitted with a second connecting flange (202) via a thread, and the end of the rod portion of the tie rod ball head (203) located laterally outside the second connecting flange (202) is also fitted with a first connecting flange (201); the first connecting flange (201) and the second connecting flange (202) are fitted and fixed via circumferentially evenly distributed fasteners, and a load sensor (105) is fitted and installed on the side of the first connecting flange (201).

5. The surface load applying device for a curved hull structure according to claim 1, wherein: The support frame includes a connecting seat (206), the longitudinal section of the connecting seat (206) is a V-shaped structure with an opening facing the test model (600), and side plates (207) are installed on both sides of the connecting seat (206) to form a cavity. The shape of the high-pressure liquid bag (208) after being filled with liquid matches the support frame cavity; the side surface of the side plate (207) facing the test model (600) is flat or set as a concave structure (2071).

6. The surface load applying device for a curved hull structure according to claim 1, wherein: The high-pressure liquid bag (208) is sewn with a reinforcing rib (209) on the rear side facing the test model (600), and the front side and both side surfaces of the high-pressure liquid bag (208) are sewn with a binding strap (210); the front side of the high-pressure liquid bag (208) is also installed with an oil delivery pipe (212) through a sealing flange (211), and the oil delivery pipe (212) is threadedly mounted on the end portion after passing through the support frame, and a pressure sensor (214) is installed at one interface of the three-way valve (213), and the other interface of the three-way valve (213) is connected to an external oil supply source.

7. The surface load applying device for a curved hull structure according to claim 1, wherein: The specific structure of the connection mechanism (700) is as follows: it includes a boss (701) perpendicular to the side of the surface load conversion device (200), the end of the boss (701) is inserted into the shaft seat (704) via the bearing (702), and the shaft seat (704) is fixed on the support frame (300); and a coaxial hole for inserting a pin (705) is provided from top to bottom through the shaft seat (704) and the boss (701).

8. The surface load applying device for a curved hull structure according to claim 1, wherein: The support frame (300) has the following structure: a vertical frame (303) with an inverted U-shaped structure, a reinforcing beam is installed between the two vertical arms of the vertical frame (303), a base is installed at the bottom of the two vertical arms of the vertical frame (303), reinforcing frames (302) are installed between the two sides of the two vertical arms of the vertical frame (303) and the base, and universal wheels (301) are installed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the base; the two vertical arms of the vertical frame (303) are symmetrically provided with long slots (3031) extending therethrough, the shaft seat (704) is fitted to the side of the vertical frame (303), and the fastener (703) passes through the shaft seat (704) and the long slot (3031) in sequence and is locked with a nut (706).

9. A test method for a surface load loading device for a curved hull structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Opening the oil source to fill the high-pressure liquid bag (208) in the surface load conversion device (200) with oil to a preset height; The load generating device (100), the surface load converting device (200), the supporting frame (300) and the restraining device (400) are sequentially installed on the structural test platform (500), and a load sensor (105) is installed between the surface load converting device (200) and the load generating device (100); Inserting a latch (705) on the connection mechanism (700) between the support frame (300) and the surface load conversion device (200) so that the surface load conversion device (200) is relatively fixed relative to the support frame (300); A thin film pressure sensor is installed in the loading area of ​​the test model (600), and a resistance strain gauge is installed on the loading back of the test model (600); the test model (600) is then fixed to the restraint device (400) via a bolt assembly, and the test leads of the thin film pressure sensor and the resistance strain gauge are respectively connected to an external data acquisition instrument; The load generating device (100) is pre-activated, and its piston rod is extended, pushing the surface load conversion device (200) to move along with the support frame (300) toward the test model (600) until the side of the high-pressure liquid capsule (208) contacts the test model (600), and the latch (705) is removed, releasing the rotational freedom between the surface load conversion device (200) and the support frame (300); The load generating device (100) operates to perform a preload test with a load that is less than 30% of the maximum test load, and then unloads; When the deviation between the signal of the load sensor (105) and the signal of the thin film pressure sensor is within 10%, that is, the load is evenly transferred to the loading area of ​​the test model (600) through the high-pressure liquid bag (208) in the surface load conversion device (200), the load loading is started through the load generating device (100), and the structural strength test of the test model (600) under the action of the surface load is performed, and data during the structural strength test is collected by the data acquisition instrument.

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