An apparatus for rotating an imaged image, a microscopic imaging system and an imaging method

Abstract

This invention discloses a device, a microscopic imaging system, and an imaging method for rotating images. The device includes a mirror assembly and a rotating mirror located in the xy-plane. The rotating mirror's reflecting surface makes a 45° angle with the xy-plane, and its rotation axis is perpendicular to the xy-plane. The incident ray from the mirror assembly makes an angle α with the positive x-axis, and the outgoing ray makes an angle γ with the positive x-axis. The mirror assembly contains N plane mirrors, each with a reflecting surface perpendicular to the xy-plane, participating in ray reflection. The angles between the normals of their reflecting surfaces and the positive x-axis are θ1, θ2, ..., θ... N , (-1) N‑1 ×2θ1+(-1) N‑2 ×2θ² + … + (-1) N‑N ×2θ N +180°×|sin(Nπ / 2)|+(-1) N ×α=γ, the angle between the projection of the normal of the rotating mirror's reflecting surface onto the xy plane and the positive x-axis is β, β=-(180°-γ). After allocating the angle of the plane mirror according to γ, only the rotating mirror needs to be adjusted. Compared with existing technologies, this avoids the aberrations introduced by using thick glass, and the structure is simpler and the operation is more flexible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of microscopic optical imaging, and more specifically, relates to a device, a microscopic imaging system, and an imaging method for rotating imaging images. Background Technology

[0002] For systems such as line scanning microscopy and structured light microscopy, where the imaging effect varies in different directions within the imaging plane due to their inherent limitations, uneven imaging effects can occur. Taking line scanning as an example, the sample receives uniformly modulated illumination along the width of the line spot, while it receives ordinary wide-field illumination along the length of the line spot, resulting in uneven imaging effects in the two directions within the horizontal plane.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent application CN111122567A discloses a line-scanning imaging system. In this system, a light beam is shaped into a line beam 11a, and then illuminates a sample 30 through a dichroic mirror 116 and an objective lens 117, exciting fluorescence. The fluorescence then travels through the objective lens 117 and the dichroic mirror 116 to the imaging unit 122. In the imaging process of this type of system, the sample needs to move continuously in three-dimensional space to cooperate with the scanning. Therefore, in order to obtain a uniform imaging effect in all directions within the horizontal plane, the most effective method is to rotate the imaging image at the point where the illumination light path and the imaging light path overlap.

[0004] In existing technologies, Abbe-König prisms, double-pro prisms, and Dove prisms can all rotate and image, but these prisms are often thick, introducing additional aberrations. Furthermore, the multiple anisotropic original images obtained after rotation require image fusion processing to obtain a single image with optimal imaging quality. Traditional spatial domain averaging fusion methods directly superimpose multiple original images; averaging high-resolution and low-resolution images directly results in resolution loss, preventing the fusion result from achieving the highest resolution in each direction. Therefore, current line-scan microscopy and structured light microscopy systems struggle to achieve images with maximized resolution in each direction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a device, a microscopic imaging system and an imaging method for rotating imaging, the purpose of which is to solve the technical problem of rotating images and maximizing resolution in all directions in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for rotating an image is provided, comprising a mirror group located in the xy plane and a rotating mirror, wherein the outgoing light rays of the mirror group are the incident light rays of the rotating mirror, the mirror group comprises P plane mirrors, where P is a natural number, the reflecting surfaces of all the plane mirrors are perpendicular to the xy plane, the reflecting surface of the rotating mirror makes an angle of 45° with the xy plane, and the rotation axis of the rotating mirror is perpendicular to the xy plane;

[0007] The incident light rays from the mirror group lie in the xy plane, with an angle α between the incident light rays and the positive x-axis. The z-axis is perpendicular to the xy plane, and when viewed from the negative z-axis towards the positive direction, counterclockwise rotation is considered positive. The outgoing light rays from the mirror group make an angle γ between the outgoing light rays and the positive x-axis. The mirror group contains N plane mirrors that participate in light reflection, arranged sequentially. The angles between the normals of their reflecting surfaces and the positive x-axis are θ1, θ2, ..., θ... N N is a natural number and N≤P, (-1) N-1 ×2θ1+(-1) N-2 ×2θ² + … + (-1) N-N ×2θ N +180°×|sin(Nπ / 2)|+(-1) N ×α=γ, the angle between the projection of the normal of the reflecting surface of the rotating mirror onto the xy plane and the positive x-axis is β, β=-(180°-γ).

[0008] Through the above technical solution, the propagation direction of the imaging image in the xy plane is turned to γ. After allocating the angles of each planar mirror in the mirror group according to the required turning angle γ, only one rotating mirror needs to be rotated to emit the imaging image with the changed propagation direction from the xy plane (i.e., the z-axis). The entire device realizes that the imaging image is rotated γ around the optical axis. Compared with the existing technology that uses prisms and other techniques, it avoids the aberrations introduced by using thick glass. The structure of this device requires less modification to the existing system and is more flexible in operation. It can be effectively applied in various scenarios in optical imaging that require rotating the imaging image and deflecting the optical path.

[0009] The present invention also provides a microscopic imaging system, including the aforementioned device, and further including an illumination module, a scanning module, a sample stage, and a detection module;

[0010] The sample stage is used to place samples;

[0011] The lighting module provides excitation light;

[0012] The scanning module projects the excitation light onto the sample to excite signal light and collects the signal light;

[0013] The detection module is used to detect the signal light collected by the scanning module and form an imaging image;

[0014] The device is located on the optical path where the scanning module and the detection module overlap.

[0015] By integrating the device of this invention into an existing microscopic imaging system, images can be acquired in different scanning directions without making major modifications to the imaging system, providing more options and ideas for subsequent image reconstruction.

[0016] The present invention also provides an imaging method for maximizing anisotropic resolution, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1, using the aforementioned system, acquire at least two imaging images from different directions, perform Fourier transform, and obtain multiple spectrograms;

[0018] S2, at each frequency point, extract the spectrum corresponding to the maximum modulus in each of the spectrum graphs to form a fused spectrum;

[0019] S3, perform an inverse Fourier transform on the fused spectrum to obtain a fused image with maximized resolution in all directions.

[0020] After acquiring images from multiple directions using an imaging system incorporating the device of this invention, and then fusing them using this imaging method, a uniform imaging effect in all directions within the horizontal plane can be obtained, thus improving image quality.

[0021] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) Achieve rotation of the image without changing the optical axis;

[0023] (2) The improvement to the existing imaging system is small. It is only necessary to set the reflector group and the rotating reflector in the optical path of the scanning module and the detection module. To obtain imaging images with different rotation angles, it is only necessary to rotate the angle of the rotating reflector.

[0024] (3) The method of using frequency domain maximum projection to fuse images in different directions is used to obtain a fused image with maximized resolution in each direction, which has a higher resolution than existing fusion methods. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a device for rotating imaging according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a rotating imaging device for N=2 according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a rotating imaging device in some embodiments of a microscopic imaging system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the structured light microscopy imaging system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the line scanning microscopic imaging system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an imaging method for maximizing anisotropic resolution according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the experimental results comparing the imaging method of this invention with existing techniques.

[0032] In the diagram, 1. Rotating mirror; 2. First plane mirror; 3. Second plane mirror; 4. Third plane mirror; 5. Laser; 6. Collimating and expanding lens group; 7. Grating; 8. Cylindrical lens; 9. Dichroic mirror; 10. Tube mirror; 11. Objective lens; 12. Detector. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a device for rotating imaging, including a mirror group and a rotating mirror located in the xy plane. The outgoing light rays of the mirror group are the incident light rays of the rotating mirror. The mirror group includes P plane mirrors, where P is a natural number. The reflecting surfaces of all plane mirrors are perpendicular to the xy plane. The angle between the reflecting surface of the rotating mirror and the xy plane is 45°. The rotation axis of the rotating mirror is perpendicular to the xy plane.

[0035] The incident light rays from the mirror group lie in the xy plane, with an angle α between the incident light rays and the positive x-axis. The z-axis is perpendicular to the xy plane, and when viewed from the negative z-axis towards the positive direction, counterclockwise rotation is considered positive. The outgoing light rays from the mirror group make an angle γ between the outgoing light rays and the positive x-axis. The mirror group contains N plane mirrors that participate in light reflection, arranged sequentially. The angles between the normals of their reflecting surfaces and the positive x-axis are θ1, θ2, ..., θ... N N is a natural number and N≤P, (-1) N-1 ×2θ1+(-1)N-2 ×2θ² + … + (-1) N-N ×2θ N +180°×|sin(Nπ / 2)|+(-1) N ×α=γ, the angle between the projection of the normal of the reflecting surface of the rotating mirror onto the xy plane and the positive x-axis is β, β=-(180°-γ).

[0036] Light rays are incident on the mirror assembly in the xy-plane, reflected sequentially by N plane mirrors, and then exit to the rotating mirror. During this process, the propagation direction of the image (i.e., the optical axis) is redirected by γ in the xy-plane via the mirror assembly. A rotating mirror with β = -(180° - γ) is used, at which angle the incident optical axis of the rotating mirror coincides with the exit optical axis of the mirror assembly. This ensures that the light rays, after being redirected by γ, exit along the rotation axis of the rotating mirror, thus enabling the image to rotate at various angles without changing the optical axis. Since the image is projected from the xy-plane to the xz-plane, the observation angle changes, so the image state after rotating 0° around the optical axis needs to be redefined. It is defined as rotating the content distributed along the negative z-axis to the positive x-axis when the image is incident on the device, thus defining the image as having rotated 0° around the optical axis. The state of the rotated image at this point is defined as the starting point of the field of view rotation. Therefore, relative to this starting point, this device can rotate the image around the optical axis by γ.

[0037] according to The angle between the normals of the reflecting surfaces of the N plane mirrors and the positive x-axis when the turning angle is γ can be obtained. Under the condition of satisfying this equation, the angles of the N plane mirrors can be configured in various ways, all of which can achieve the γ-angle turning of the image in the xy plane. In practical applications, the angle allocation scheme of the N plane mirrors can be selected more flexibly, with fewer limitations. When N=0, the above equation also holds, that is, the light does not undergo reflection in the mirror group, but is directly reflected by the rotating mirror and exits along its rotation axis. At this time, the propagation direction of the image does not undergo turning in the xy plane. The rotating mirror directly rotates the image to the starting point of the field of view rotation, that is, the rotation angle γ of the image around the optical axis is 0°. When this device is used for rotation at only one angle, if N = P, then the entire device will not have any extra unused mirrors. However, if N < P, there will be extra plane mirrors in the mirror group that do not participate in light reflection. This is because in some application scenarios, this device will be used to rotate the image at at least two angles simultaneously. In this case, it is only necessary to move some of the plane mirrors in the mirror group away from or into the light path according to the rotation angle to change the reflection path of the light. This allows the effect of different rotation angles to be obtained by setting up a mirror group, making it more convenient to use, without having to set up a mirror group for each rotation angle.

[0038] Specifically, the rotation axis of the rotating mirror is parallel to / coincides with the z-axis, and the normal vectors of the N plane mirrors and the rotating mirror are respectively 1. When the image is finally emitted from the negative z-axis, the following conditions are met:

[0039]

[0040] When the image is finally emitted from the positive z-axis, the following conditions are met:

[0041]

[0042] The transfer matrix of the device is constructed using the normal vector, and can be obtained by left-multiplying it according to the propagation order of the light rays. For example... Figure 2 As shown, taking N=2 as an example, when the image is finally emitted from the negative z-axis direction, the transfer matrix M of this device is: Among them, M M1 M M2 M RM The transfer matrices for the two plane mirrors and the rotating mirror are represented in turn.

[0043] The two plane mirrors and the rotating mirror reflect the light an odd number of times. Therefore, the final emitted image undergoes chiral flipping. The rotating mirror rotates the image 90 degrees counterclockwise around the y-axis, further rotating it to the starting point of the field of view rotation, that is, rotating the content initially distributed in the negative z-axis direction to the positive x-axis direction. Therefore, this device affects the field of view rotation matrix of the image. That is, multiply the transfer matrix of the device by the inverse of the matrix rotated about the y-axis and the chiral matrix symmetrically flipped along the x-axis:

[0044]

[0045] Similarly, when the image is finally emitted from the positive z-axis, its transfer matrix M is:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, M M1 M M2 M RM The transfer matrices for the two plane mirrors and the rotating mirror are represented in turn.

[0048] The matrix of the image processed by this device becomes... That is, multiply the transfer matrix of the device by the inverse of the rotation matrix and the chiral matrix that is symmetrically flipped along the x-axis:

[0049]

[0050] Taking N=1 as an example, when the image is finally emitted from the negative z-axis direction, the transfer matrix M of this device is:

[0051] Among them, M M1 M RM The transfer matrices represent a plane mirror and a rotating mirror, respectively.

[0052] A plane mirror and a rotating mirror reflect the light an even number of times without chiral reversal. Due to the change in the exit direction, the image is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise around the y-axis and 180 degrees clockwise around the z-axis. This device acts on the matrix of the image being captured. That is, multiply the transfer matrix of the device by the inverse of the rotation matrix on the right:

[0053]

[0054] Similarly, when the image is finally emitted from the positive z-axis, the transfer matrix M of this device is:

[0055] Among them, M M1 M RMThe transfer matrices represent a plane mirror and a rotating mirror, respectively.

[0056] Therefore, when emitted along the positive z-axis, the matrix of this device acts on the image. That is, multiply the transfer matrix of the device by the inverse of the rotation matrix on the right:

[0057]

[0058] The examples above with N=1 and N=2 show that the matrix that ultimately acts on the image is the z-axis rotation matrix, and the device ultimately rotates the image by γ.

[0059] If a small number of lenses can rotate the image without changing the optical axis, then more lenses can achieve the same function. Therefore, this invention only provides examples when N=1 and N=2. These two examples are sufficient to illustrate that this invention can use any number of lenses to achieve image rotation without changing the optical axis, and is widely applicable to various optical path structures. The fewer the number of lenses, the simpler the structure and the easier the assembly and adjustment during use.

[0060] The present invention also proposes a microscopic imaging system, including the aforementioned device for rotating imaging, and further including an illumination module, a scanning module, a sample stage, and a detection module;

[0061] The sample stage is used to place samples;

[0062] The illumination module provides the excitation light;

[0063] The scanning module projects excitation light onto the sample to excite signal light and then collects the signal light.

[0064] The detection module is used to detect the signal light collected by the scanning module and form an imaging image;

[0065] The device is located on the optical path where the scanning module and the detection module overlap.

[0066] By simply adding the aforementioned device to an existing microscopic imaging system, and then allocating the angles of each planar mirror in the mirror group according to the required rotation angle γ, and correspondingly adjusting the angle β of the rotating mirror, the excitation light projected onto the sample can be rotated to achieve the purpose of rotating the imaging image. Then, the light returns to the detected module along the original optical path for detection, which can realize scanning imaging of the sample in different directions and obtain imaging images in different directions.

[0067] Furthermore, the system also includes an image processing module, which comprises, in sequence:

[0068] The spectrum transformation unit acquires imaging images from at least two different directions, performs Fourier transform on each, and obtains multiple spectrum maps.

[0069] The fusion unit extracts the spectrum corresponding to the maximum modulus in each spectrum at each frequency point and forms a fused spectrum.

[0070] The spatial domain transformation unit performs an inverse Fourier transform on the fused spectrum to obtain the fused image.

[0071] After obtaining imaging images from different directions, the image processing module can be used to fuse these imaging images to obtain imaging images with maximized resolution in each direction.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, P = 3, α = 0°, the reflector group includes a first plane reflector, a second plane reflector and a third plane reflector. The first plane reflector, the second plane reflector, the rotating reflector and the third plane reflector are located at the four corners of the square in sequence. The first plane reflector has two switchable position states: the incident light path inserted into the reflector group and the incident light path leaving the reflector group.

[0073] When the first plane mirror is inserted into the incident light path of the mirror group, γ = 0°, N = 2, and the light rays are reflected sequentially by the first plane mirror, the third plane mirror, and the rotating mirror. The angle between the normal of the reflecting surface of the first plane mirror and the positive x-axis is θ1 = 135°, the angle between the normal of the reflecting surface of the third plane mirror and the positive x-axis is θ2 = -45°, and β = -180°.

[0074] When the first plane mirror leaves the incident light path of the mirror group, γ = 90° and N = 1. The light is reflected by the second plane mirror and the rotating mirror in sequence. The angle between the normal of the reflecting surface of the second plane mirror and the positive x-axis is θ1 = 135° and β = -90°.

[0075] In most applications, the required rotation angle for the image is typically 0° or 90°, although other rotation angles are also possible. Taking 0° and 90° as examples, the mirror group can be configured with three plane mirrors. The first plane mirror can be configured with two switchable positions. When it is inserted into the optical path, a 0° rotation of the image is achieved; when it is removed from the optical path, a 90° rotation is achieved. Correspondingly, simply rotating the mirror around the z-axis by β = -180° or β = -90° allows the image after the mirror group has been rotated to exit from the same optical axis along the z-axis and be projected onto the sample by the scanning module. This eliminates the need to adjust the position and state of other structures in the microscopy system. Furthermore, these two rotation angles can share a single system, eliminating the need for a separate mirror group, making operation more convenient.

[0076] More specifically, such as Figure 4As shown, taking a structured light microscopy imaging system as an example, the illumination module of the system under this invention includes a laser, a collimating and expanding lens group, and a grating in sequence; the scanning module includes a dichroic mirror, a tube lens, and an objective lens in sequence; the detection module includes a detector; a plane mirror group and a rotating mirror are located between the tube lens and the objective lens; the rotation axis of the rotating mirror coincides with the optical axis of the objective lens; the direction of the incident light rays of the mirror group is taken as the positive x-axis (i.e., α = 0°); a left-handed coordinate system is used; and the direction of the outgoing light rays of the rotating mirror is the negative z-axis, forming a spatial coordinate system.

[0077] The excitation light emitted by the laser is shaped into a striped illumination spot after passing through a grating. This striped illumination spot is located in the xz plane with the modulation direction along the x-axis. It then passes through a dichroic mirror and a tube mirror before entering the mirror assembly. To acquire an image with γ = 90°, the first plane mirror is switched away from the optical path, and the rotating mirror is rotated to face the negative y-axis (i.e., β = -90°). The striped illumination spot is then reflected only by the second plane mirror and enters the rotating mirror, exiting from the negative z-axis. At this point, the striped illumination spot is located in the xy plane with the modulation direction along the x-axis. It then passes through the objective lens and is projected onto the sample, with the modulation direction of the striped illumination spot along the y-axis. The image obtained in this direction has higher resolution and tomographic capability in the y-direction than in the x-direction.1

[0078] To acquire an image with γ = 0°, the first plane mirror is switched to the insertion path state, and the rotating mirror is rotated to face the negative x-axis (i.e., β = -180°). The fringe illumination spot is then reflected by the first and third plane mirrors, and then incident on the rotating mirror, exiting from the negative z-axis. At this point, the fringe illumination spot is located in the xy plane, with the modulation direction along the y-axis. After passing through the objective lens, it is projected onto the sample, where the modulation direction of the fringe illumination spot is now along the x-axis. The image obtained in this direction has higher resolution and tomographic capability in the x-direction than in the y-direction.2

[0079] Since the rotation angle difference between the two imaging images is 90°, meaning that one of the imaging images undergoes an odd number of reflections and chiral flipping occurs, the imaging image is rotated 90° and chiral flipped again in image processing software such as Fiji or Matlab, and then fused using the image processing module of this invention to obtain a fused image. The fused image achieves a double improvement in resolution in both the x and y directions. Therefore, this invention can improve the inherent defects of existing structured light imaging systems.

[0080] Similarly, such as Figure 5 As shown, in the online scanning microscopy imaging system, unlike structured light, the grating used for shaping is a cylindrical lens, and the resulting illumination spot is a line.

[0081] This invention also proposes an imaging method that maximizes anisotropic resolution, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0082] S1, using the aforementioned system, acquire at least two imaging images from different directions, perform Fourier transform, and obtain multiple spectrograms;

[0083] S2, extract the spectrum corresponding to the maximum modulus in each spectrum at each frequency point, and form a fused spectrum;

[0084] S3. Perform an inverse Fourier transform on the fused spectrum to obtain a fused image with maximized resolution in all directions.

[0085] Specifically, the imaging images obtained by S1 in different directions are I1(r), ..., I... Q For (r), Q≥2 and are integers, the corresponding spectra obtained after Fourier transform are as follows: Where F represents the Fourier transform, r is the spatial domain coordinate of the image, and k is the frequency.

[0086] Further, in S2, the spectrum corresponding to the maximum modulus in each of the aforementioned spectrum graphs is extracted at each frequency point, specifically as follows:

[0087] Mask represents a template formed in regions with high spectral intensity.

[0088] In S3 I FqMax (r) represents the fused image with maximized anisotropic resolution, F -1 This represents the inverse Fourier transform.

[0089] This method extracts high-resolution information from each direction, so that the resolution of the fused image in each direction can reach its maximum.

[0090] like Figure 7 As shown, taking line scanning as an example, mitochondria were scanned at 0° and 90° angles to obtain the following results: Figure 7 The vertical high-resolution imaging results shown in (a) are as follows: Figure 7 The horizontal high-resolution imaging image shown in (b) is plotted on both imaging images. Figure 7 (a) and Figure 7 The intensity distribution map at the location of the straight line in (b) is as follows. Figure 7 As shown in (c), it can be seen that the resolution of the direction without high-resolution imaging is significantly lower than that of the direction with high-resolution imaging. Then, the two imaging results are fused using an existing spatial domain averaging fusion method, and the fused image is shown below. Figure 7As shown in (d), the method of this application is used to fuse two imaging images, and the fused image is as follows. Figure 7 As shown in (e), it can be observed that both methods acquire high-resolution information in two directions, but the results obtained by this method have clearer details and higher contrast. (Drawing) Figure 7 (d) and Figure 7 The intensity distribution diagram at the location of the straight line in (e) is shown below. Figure 7 As shown in (f), it can be seen that the resolution of this method is higher, which shows that this method is superior to the traditional spatial domain averaging method.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for rotating an imaged image, characterized by, The system includes a mirror group and a rotating mirror located in the xy plane. The outgoing light rays of the mirror group are the incident light rays of the rotating mirror. The mirror group includes P plane mirrors, where P is a natural number. The reflecting surfaces of all the plane mirrors are perpendicular to the xy plane. The reflecting surface of the rotating mirror makes an angle of 45° with the xy plane. The rotation axis of the rotating mirror is perpendicular to the xy plane. The incident light rays from the mirror assembly lie in the xy plane, and the angle between the incident light rays and the positive x-axis is . The z-axis is perpendicular to the xy-plane. Looking from the negative z-axis towards the positive z-axis, counter-clockwise rotation is positive. The angle between the emitted light from the mirror assembly and the positive x-axis is... The mirror group contains N plane mirrors that participate in light reflection, arranged in sequence. The angles between the normals of their reflecting surfaces and the positive x-axis are as follows: N is a natural number and N≤P, The angle between the projection of the normal to the reflecting surface of the rotating mirror onto the xy plane and the positive x-axis is... , The normal vectors of the N plane mirrors and the N rotating mirrors are respectively ,satisfy: or 。 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, N=2, the transfer matrix of the device for: or ;in, , , The transfer matrices of the two planar mirrors and the rotating mirror are represented sequentially.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The device acts on the matrix of the image. for: or 。 4. A microscopic imaging system, characterized in that, The device as described in claim 1 or 2 further includes an illumination module, a scanning module, a sample stage, a detection module, and an image processing module; The sample stage is used to place samples; The lighting module provides excitation light; The scanning module projects the excitation light onto the sample to excite signal light and collects the signal light; The detection module is used to detect the signal light collected by the scanning module and form an imaging image; The device is located on the optical path where the scanning module and the detection module overlap; The image processing module includes, in sequence: The spectrum transformation unit acquires the imaging images from at least two different directions, performs Fourier transform on each, and obtains multiple spectrum maps. The fusion unit extracts the spectrum corresponding to the maximum modulus in each of the spectrum graphs at each frequency point to form a fused spectrum. The spatial domain transformation unit performs an inverse Fourier transform on the fused spectrum to obtain the fused image.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, P=3, The reflector group includes a first plane reflector, a second plane reflector, and a third plane reflector. The first plane reflector, the second plane reflector, the rotating reflector, and the third plane reflector are located at the four corners of a square. The first plane reflector has two switchable position states: inserted into the incident light path of the reflector group and exiting the incident light path of the reflector group. When the first planar reflector is inserted into the incident light path of the reflector group... N=2, the light rays are reflected sequentially by the first plane mirror, the third plane mirror, and the rotating mirror, and the angle between the normal of the reflecting surface of the first plane mirror and the positive x-axis is... The angle between the normal to the reflecting surface of the third plane mirror and the positive x-axis. , ; When the first planar reflector leaves the incident light path of the reflector group N=1, the light rays are reflected sequentially by the second plane mirror and the rotating mirror, and the angle between the normal of the reflecting surface of the second plane mirror and the positive x-axis is... , .

6. An imaging method for maximizing anisotropic resolution, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, using the system as described in claim 4, acquire at least two imaging images from different directions, perform Fourier transform, and obtain multiple spectrograms; S2, at each frequency point, extract the spectrum corresponding to the maximum modulus in each of the spectrum graphs to form a fused spectrum; S3, perform an inverse Fourier transform on the fused spectrum to obtain a fused image with maximized resolution in all directions.

7. The imaging method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S2, the spectrum corresponding to the maximum modulus in each of the spectrum graphs is extracted at each frequency point, specifically as follows: In this context, Mask represents a template formed by regions with high spectral intensity. This represents the spectrum of the image after Fourier transform, showing images from different directions. It is the frequency, Q≥2 and is an integer.

Images