A method for artificially cultivating benthic juveniles of long-spined sea star
Through a multi-step artificial cultivation method, including the cultivation of benthic diatoms and calcified algae, and the sedimentation of larvae of long spiny starfish, healthy benthic numb bodies of long spiny starfish were successfully cultivated, solving the problem of obtaining numb bodies and providing important technical support for the prevention and control of large-scale outbreaks of long spiny starfish.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310277636.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-03-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-03-21
AI Technical Summary
The existing technology is difficult to obtain the numb body of the long-spike starfish, which leads to the inability to effectively prevent and control its large-scale outbreaks, affecting the health of coral reef ecosystems.
Through the culture of benthic diatoms, the temporary breeding of calcified algae, the settlement of long-spiked starfish floating wave larvae and the cultivation of long-spiked starfish numbness, the healthy long-spiked starfish benthic numbness were successfully cultivated.
The successful cultivation of the nude body of the long-spike starfish has been achieved, the problem of obtaining the nude body has been broken, and the foundation has been laid for the research and development of efficient prevention and control technology of the long-spike starfish.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of marine animal cultivation, and in particular relates to an artificial cultivation method for bottom-dwelling juveniles of long-spined sea stars, which are harmful organisms of corals. Background Art
[0002] The crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS; Acanthaster planci) has experienced a large-scale outbreak. Its alarming predation rate on corals has caused a large-scale loss of corals, resulting in a sharp decline in the diversity of coral community structure, which has seriously affected the health of the coral reef ecosystem. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out prevention and control of the outbreak of crown-of-thorns starfish. However, the main means at present are artificial fishing and drug injection. These two methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and there are safety issues and problems with handling after fishing. Therefore, it is very necessary to further develop new and efficient prevention and control technologies.
[0003] The number of surviving long-spined sea star juveniles determines the size of the adult population and is the basis for large-scale outbreaks of adult populations. Developing new technical means for juvenile sea stars will greatly improve the efficiency of prevention and control. However, it is difficult to find sea star juveniles in natural waters, and there are no reports of successful cultivation of long-spined sea star juveniles in my country. Limited access to raw materials prevents us from conducting relevant research on the most critical stage in the life history of long-spined sea stars - the juvenile stage. The lack of knowledge about the biological characteristics and survival characteristics of juvenile sea stars has hindered the development of new and efficient prevention and control technologies. Therefore, the successful cultivation of juvenile sea stars is of great significance for the prevention and control of large-scale outbreaks of long-spined sea stars. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the current problem that it is difficult to obtain long-spined sea star juveniles, the present invention provides an artificial cultivation method which is highly operable and can effectively cultivate healthy long-spined sea star benthic juveniles, laying a foundation for the research of new and efficient prevention and control technologies for long-spined sea stars.
[0005] The artificial cultivation method of the benthic juvenile of the long-spined sea star of the invention comprises the cultivation of benthic diatoms, temporary cultivation of calcified algae, sedimentation of the long-spined sea star floating larvae and cultivation of the long-spined sea star juvenile stage.
[0006] Preferably, the benthic diatoms are cultured by placing a clean transparent sheet of corrugated plates into a water pool, culturing for a period of time with flowing water and aeration, the water temperature is 20-30°C, the salinity is 30-32ppt, the light intensity is less than 5000Lux, and a corrugated plate with benthic diatoms is obtained.
[0007] Preferably, the temporary culture of the calcified algae is to clean the Lithoclase and the Porites, remove the attached organisms, and then spread them flat in a clean water pool, and temporarily culture them with running water and ventilation. The water temperature is 25-28°C and the salinity is 30-32ppt. The calcified algae grows well and no bleaching is found.
[0008] Preferably, the sedimentation of the long-spined sea star plankton larvae is that when the long-spined sea star plankton larvae develop to the middle stage of the short arm, a corrugated plate with benthic diatoms is spread flat on the bottom of the larval breeding pond, the ventilation volume is reduced and the water change is stopped, and at the same time, Chaetoceros muckeri bait is fed twice a day until the larvae are settled as five-tentacle larvae and there are only very few plankton larvae in the water body, the ventilation volume is increased and the flowing water culture is turned on, and no Chaetoceros muckeri bait is needed during the period.
[0009] Preferably, the juvenile stage of the long-spined sea star is cultivated for one week, and then all are transferred to calcified algae according to the appropriate culture density, the water temperature is 25±0.5°C, the salinity is 30ppt, and the culture is carried out with flowing water and aeration. During this period, if it is found that the calcified algae are consumed by more than 90%, the consumed algae blocks are removed and fresh calcified algae are supplemented.
[0010] Preferably, the flowing water aeration culture is carried out for a period of time, and the period of time is 15-30 days.
[0011] Preferably, the culture density is ≤1 juvenile per cm 2 .
[0012] Preferably, the calcified algae is Lithothamnium pseudosorum or Porolithon onkodes collected from natural sea areas.
[0013] The method provided by the present invention can successfully obtain a batch of healthy long-spined sea star juveniles, breaking the current deadlock in which it is difficult to obtain long-spined sea star juveniles and unable to carry out prevention and control research on the most critical stage in the development history of long-spined sea star - the juvenile stage, and laying the foundation for the research and development of efficient prevention and control technology for long-spined sea star. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but is not intended to limit the present invention.
[0015] Example 1
[0016] (1) Cultivation of benthic diatoms
[0017] Place a clean, transparent sheet of corrugated board in an 800L water pool, and cultivate it with flowing water aeration (9L / min). The water temperature is 28±0.5℃, the salinity is 31ppt, and the light intensity is 2000Lux. Try not to move the corrugated board during the cultivation period. After 15 days, you can observe that the corrugated board is covered with benthic diatoms. Continue to cultivate the corrugated board covered with benthic diatoms as a sedimentation substrate for the mid-stage larvae of the long-spined sea star.
[0018] (2) Temporary culture of calcified algae
[0019] The Lithops and Perforatum collected from the natural sea were cleaned and attached to the algae, then spread out in a clean 800L water pool and temporarily cultured with running water and ventilation (9L / min). The water temperature was 25±0.5℃ and the salinity was 30ppt. The calcified algae grew well within 2 weeks and no bleaching was found.
[0020] (3) Settlement of long-spined sea star larvae
[0021] The development of the long-spined sea star larvae was observed under a microscope. When more than 80% of the long-spined sea star floating larvae developed to the middle stage of the short arm, the cultivated diatom corrugated board was laid flat on the bottom of the culture pond (800L), the ventilation volume was reduced to 1 / 3 of the original (i.e. 3L / min) and the water change was stopped. At the same time, the ceratospermum was continued to be fed twice a day until the larvae settled and metamorphosed into five-tentacle larvae, and when there were very few floating larvae in the water body, the feeding of the floating microalgae bait was stopped. The water flow was turned on to replace more than 50% of the water in the culture pond every day, and the ventilation volume was increased to 9L / min.
[0022] (4) Cultivation of benthic juveniles of long-spined sea stars
[0023] After one week of cultivation, all juvenile starfish were transferred to calcified algae and cultivated in 800L of water with aeration (9L / min). The density of juvenile starfish on the calcified algae was ≤1 / cm 2 , water temperature was 25±0.5℃, salinity was 30ppt. The consumption of calcified algae was observed every day. The consumed calcified algae appeared as white patches. Once more than 90% of the calcified algae were consumed, the remaining algae were removed and fresh calcified algae were added to ensure that the juvenile starfish had sufficient food. After 1 month of cultivation, the diameter of the healthy juveniles obtained was 1-2mm.
[0024] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form. Any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for artificially cultivating benthic juveniles of long-spined sea stars, characterized in that: Including the cultivation of benthic diatoms, temporary cultivation of calcified algae, sedimentation of long-spined sea star floating larvae and cultivation of long-spined sea star juveniles; The benthic diatoms are cultured by placing a clean transparent sheet of corrugated board into a water pool, culturing for a period of time with flowing water and aeration, the water temperature is 20-30°C, the salinity is 30-32ppt, and the light intensity is less than 5000Lux, to obtain a corrugated board with benthic diatoms; The temporary culture of the calcified algae is to clean the Lithops and the Porites, remove the attached organisms, and then spread them flat in a clean pool, and temporarily culture them with running water and ventilation. The water temperature is 25-28°C and the salinity is 30-32ppt. The calcified algae grows well and no bleaching is found. The sedimentation of the long-spined sea star floating larvae is that when the long-spined sea star floating larvae develop to the middle stage of the short arm, a corrugated board with benthic diatoms is laid flat on the bottom of the larval culture pond, the ventilation volume is reduced and water change is stopped, and at the same time, the ceratosporium bait is fed twice a day until the larvae are settled into five-tentacle larvae and there are only very few floating larvae in the water body, the ventilation volume is increased and the flowing water is opened for cultivation, and no more ceratosporium bait is fed during the period; The cultivation of the juvenile stage of the long-spined sea star is to transfer all of them to calcified algae according to the appropriate culture density after one week of cultivation. The water temperature is 25±0.5°C, the salinity is 30ppt, and the culture is carried out with flowing water and aeration. During this period, if it is found that the calcified algae are consumed by more than 90%, the consumed algae blocks are removed and fresh calcified algae are supplemented.
2. The artificial cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flowing water aeration culture is carried out for a period of time, which is 15-30 days.
3. The artificial cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The culture density is ≤1 juvenile on the calcified algae / cm 2 .
4. The artificial cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcified algae are Lithothamnium pseudosorum or Porolithon onkodes collected from natural sea areas.